2024年高考英语重难点突破训练阅读理解之记叙文含解析

阅读理解之记叙文Kincaidlookedathiswatch:eight-seventeen.Thetruckstartedonthesecondtry,andhebackedout,shiftedgears,andmovedslowlydownthealleyunderhazysun.ThroughthestreetsofBellinghamhewent,headingsouthonWashington11,runningalongthecoastofPugetSoundforafewmiles,thenfollowingthehighwayasitswungeastalittlebeforemeetingU.SRoute20.Turningintothesun,hebeganthelong,windingdrivethroughtheCascades.Helikedthiscountryandfeltunpressedstoppingnowandthentomakenotesaboutinterestingpossibilitiesforfutureexpeditionsortoshootwhathecalled“memorysnapshots.”Thepurposeofthesecausalphotographswastoremindhimofplaceshemightwanttovisitagainandapproachmoreseriously.InlaterafternoonheturnednorthatSpokane,pickingupU.S.Route2,whichwouldtakehimhalfwayacrossthenorthernUnitedStatestoDuluth,Minnesota.Hewishedforthethousandthtimeinhislifethathehadadog,agoldenretriever,maybe,fortravelslikethisandtokeephimcompanyathome.Buthewasfrequentlyaway;overseasmuchofthetimeanditwouldnotbefairtotheanimal.Still,hethoughtaboutitanyway.Inafewyearshewouldbegettingtoooldforthehardfieldwork.“Imustgetadogthen.”Hesaidtohimself.Driveslikethisalwaysputhimintoasentimentalmood.Thedogwaspartofit.RobertKincaidwasaloneasit’spossibletobe—anonlychild,parentsbothdead,distantrelativeswhohadlosttrackofhimandheofthem,noclosefriends.HethoughtaboutMarian.Shehadlefthimnineyearsagoafterfiveyearsofmarriage.Hewasfifty-twonow,thatwouldmakeherjustunderforty.Marianhaddreamsofbecomingamusician,afolksinger.SheknewalloftheWeavers’songsandsangthemprettywellinthecoffeehouseofSeattle.Whenhewashomeintheolddays,hedrovehertotheshowsandsatintheaudiencewhileshesang.Hislongabsences—twoorthreemonthssometimes—werehardonthemarriage.Heknewthat.Shewasawareofwhathedidwhentheydecidedtogetmarried,andbothofthemhadavaguesensethatitcouldallbehandledsomehow.Itcouldn’twhenhecamefromphotographingastoryinIcelandandshewasgone.Thenoteread,“Robert,itdidn’tworkout.IleftyoutheHarmonyguitar.Stayintouch.”Hedidn’tstayintouch.Neitherdidshe.HesignedthedivorcepaperswhentheyarrivedayearlaterandcaughtaplaneforAustraliathenextday.Shehadaskedfornothingexceptherfreedom.1.WhichrouteistherightonetakenbyKincaid?A.Bellingham—Washington11—PugetSound—U.SRoute20—U.SRoute2—DuluthB.U.S.Route2—Bellingham—Washington11—PugetSound—U.SRoute20—DuluthC.U.S.Route2—U.SRoute20—Duluth–Bellingham—Washington11D.Bellingham—Washington11—U.S.Route2—U.SRoute20—Duluth2.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Kincaid’sparentsweredeadandheonlykeptintouchwithsomedistantrelatives.B.Kincaidwouldhavehadadogifhehadn’tbeenawayfromhometoomuch.C.Kincaidusedtohaveagoldenretriever.D.Kincaidneededadogindoinghishardfieldwork.3.WhydidKincaidstoptotakephotoswhiledriving?A.Towrite“memorysnapshots”B.Toremindhimselfofplaceshemightwanttovisitagain.C.Toavoidforgettingthewayback.D.Toshootbeautifulsceneryalongtheroad.4.WhatcanyouknowaboutMarian?A.Shediedafterfiveyearsofmarriage.B.ShewasolderthanKincaid.C.Shecouldsingverywellandearnedbigmoney.D.Shewasnotaprofessionalpopsinger.5.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthepassagethat________.A.MarianknewwhatwouldhappenbeforeshemarriedKincaid.B.KincaidthoughthisabsencewouldbeaproblemwhenhemarriedMarian.C.ItturnedoutthatMariancouldnotstandKincaid’sabsenceandlefthim.D.AfterMarianlefthim,theystillkeptintouchwitheachother.1.A【解析】从第一，二自然段可看出。2.B【解析】从第三自然段中的Hewishedforthethousandthtimeinhislifethathehadadog...Buthewasfrequentlyaway;overseasmuchofthetimeanditwouldnotbefairtotheanimal可得出此答案。3.B【解析】从其次自然段中的Thepurposeofthesecausalphotographswastoremindhimofplaceshemightwanttovisitagain...可得出此答案。4.D【解析】从第五自然段中的Marianhaddreamsofbecomingamusician,afolksinger.可得出此答案。5.C【解析】从文章中最终两自然段中可得出此结论。Sometimesjustwhenweneedthepowerofmiraclestochangeourbeliefs,theymaterializeintheplaceswe’dleastexpect.Theycancometousasagreatchangeinourphysicalrealityorasasimplecoincidenceinourlives.Sometimesthey’rebigandcan’tbemissed.Othertimesthey’resosubtlethatifwearen’taware,wemaymissthemaltogether.Theycancomefromthelipsofastrangerwesuddenlyandmysteriouslymeetatjusttherightinstant.Ifwelistencarefully,we’llalwaysheartherightwords,attherighttime,todazzle(目眩)usintoarealizationofsomethingthatwemayhavefailedtonoticeonlymomentsbefore.OnacoldJanuaryafternoonin1989,IwashikingupthetrailthatleadstothetopofEgypt’sMt.Horeb.I’dspentthedayatSt.Catherine’sMonasteryandwantedtogettothepeakbysunsettoseethevalleybelow.AsIwaswindingupthenarrowpath,I’doccasionallyseeotherhikerswhowerecomingdownfromadayonthemountain.Whiletheywouldgenerallypasswithsimplyanodoragreetinginanotherlanguage,therewasonemanthatdaywhodidneither.Isawhimcomingfromthelastswitchbackonthetrailthatledtothebacksideofthemountain.Ashegotcloser,IcouldseethathewasdresseddifferentlyfromtheotherhikersI’dseen.Ratherthanthehigh-techfabricsandstylesthathadbeenthenorm,thismanwaswearingtraditionalEgyptianclothing.Heworeatattered,rust-coloredgalabiaandobviouslyoldandthick-soledsandalsthatwerecoveredindust.Whatmadehisappearancesoodd,though,wasthatthemandidn’tevenappeartobeEgyptian!Hewasasmall-framedAsianman,hadverylittlehair,andwaswearinground,wire-rimmedglasses.Aswenearedoneanother,Iwasthefirsttospeak,“Hello,”Isaid,stoppingonthetrailforamomenttocatchmybreath.Notasoundcamefromthemanashewalkedcloser.Ithoughtthatmaybehehadn’theardmeorthewindhadcarriedmyvoiceawayfromhiminanotherdirection.Suddenlyhestoppeddirectlyinfrontofmeonthehighsideofthetrail,lookedupfromtheground,andspokeasinglesentencetomeinEnglish,“Sometimesyoudon’tknowwhatyouhavelostuntilyou’velostit.”AsItookinwhatIhadjustheard,hesimplysteppedaroundmeandcontinuedhisgoingdownthetrail.Thatmomentinmylifewasasmallmiracle.Thereasonislessaboutwhatthemansaidandmoreaboutthetimingandthecontext.Theyearwas1989,andtheColdWarwasdrawingtoaclose.whatthemanonthetrailcouldn’thaveknownisthatitwasduringmyEgyptianpilgrimage(朝圣),andspecificallyduringmyhiketothetopofMoses’smountain,thatI’dsetthetimeasidetomakedecisionsthatwouldaffectmycareerinthedefenseindustry,myfriends,myfamily,and,ultimately,mylife.IhadtoaskmyselfwhatthechanceswereofanAsianmandressedinanEgyptiangalabiacomingdownfromthetopofthishistoricmountainjustwhenIwaswalkingup,stoppingbeforeme,andofferinghiswisdom,seeminglyfromoutofnowhere.Myanswertomyownquestionwaseasy:theoddswereslimtonone!Inameetthatlastedlessthantwominutesonamountainhalfwayaroundtheworldfrommyhome,atotalstrangerhadbroughtclarityandthehintofawarning,regardingthehugechangesthatIwouldmakewithinamatterofdays.Inmywayofthinking,that’samiracle.Isuspectthatweallexperiencesmallmiraclesinourliveseveryday.SometimeswehavethewisdomandthecouragetorecognizethemforwhattheyareInthemomentswhenwedon’t,that’sokayaswell.Itseemsthatourmiracleshaveawayofcomingbacktousagainandagain.Andeachtimetheydo,theybecomealittlelesssubtle,untilwecan’tpossiblymissthemessagethattheybringtoourlives!Thekeyisthatthey’reeverywhereandoccureverydayfordifferentreasons,inresponsetothedifferentneedsthatwemayhaveinthemoment.Ourjobmaybelessaboutquestioningtheextraordinarythingsthathappeninourdailylivesandmoreaboutacceptingthegiftstheybring.6.WhydidtheauthormakeapilgrimagetoMtHorebinEgypt?A.Hewasinsearchofamiracleinhislife.B.Itwasaholyplaceforareligiouspersontoheadfor.C.Heintendedtomakearrangementsforhislifeinthefuture.D.Hewaitedpatientlyinexpectationofmeetingawiseperson.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“myownquestion”refertoinparagraph6?A.Forwhatreasondidthemanstopbeforeme?B.WhydidtheAsianmangotothemountain?C.WhatchangewouldImakewithinamatterofdays?D.Whatwastheprobabilitythatotherstoldustherightwords?8.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“subtle”inparagraph7?A.Apparent. B.Delicate.C.Precise. D.Sufficient.9.TheauthorviewedthemeetwiththeAsianmanasamiracleinhislifeinthat________.A.theAsianman’sappearancehadadecidingeffectonhisfuturelifeB.hiswordswereinperfectresponsetotheneedhehadatthatmomentC.whattheAsianmansaidwasabundantinthephilosophyoflifeD.theAsianmanimpressedonhimtheworthofwhathehadpossessed10.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Canyourecognizeamiracle? B.Isamiraclesignificanttous?C.Whenmightamiracleoccur? D.Whydoweneedamiracle?11.AftertheencounteroftheAsianman,whatwillthewriterprobablydoimmediately?A.Continuewalkinguptothetopofthemountain.B.Havearesttorefreshhimself.C.Trytohaveaheart-to-heartconversationwiththeAsianman.D.Comedownthemountain.【文章大意】作者讲解并描述了一次埃及朝圣时，爬到何烈山半山腰时，偶遇了一位正在下山的亚洲生疏人。这位智者停下来给作者说“在失去前你不知道你得到了什么”。点醒了作者做出正确的确定。并讲解并描述了作者通过这件事情对奇迹的思索，我们生活时时到处都存在奇迹。6.C【解析】细微环节理解题。从第五段中的最终一句话“thatI’dsetthetimeasidetomakedecisionsthatwouldaffectmycareerinthedefenseindustry,myfriends,myfamily,and,ultimately,mylife.”可知，作者把这段时间预留出来做一些影响他国防工业工作、家庭以及最终生活的一些确定。故C选项正确。7.D【解析】揣测词义题。划线词汇所在句子为Myanswertomyownquestionwaseasy（我自己对自己问题的答案是简洁的），同时前一句作者也提出了自己的问题：为什么他会停下给我说他的观点。并且在第六段最终一句话中，作者强调了这次偶遇智者给作者说的话对他接下来几天要做的确定供应了清楚的思路和示意的提示。故D选项正确。8.B【解析】揣测词义题。划线词汇所在句子为：Andeachtimetheydo,theybecomealittlelesssubtle,untilwecan’tpossiblymissthemessagethattheybringtoourlives!每次奇迹出现，他们变得不那样微小，直到我们不能忽视它们给我们生活带来的信息。Until后的从句可以看稀奇迹每次变得会更加明显，不是像之前那么微妙。A.Apparent明显的，表面上的；B.Delicate微妙的，精致的；C.Precise精确的，明确的；D.Sufficient足够的；充分的。故B选项正确。9.B【解析】细微环节理解题。从第六段最终两句“Inameetthatlastedlessthantwominutesonamountainhalfwayaroundtheworldfrommyhome,atotalstrangerhadbroughtclarityandthehintofawarning,regardingthehugechangesthatIwouldmakewithinamatterofdays.Inmywayofthinking,that’samiracle.”可知，智者给作者说的话对他接下来几天要做的确定供应了清楚的思路和示意的提示。故B选项正确。10.A【解析】主旨大意题。文章最终一段意思为：针对我们当下不同的需求，奇迹时时到处都以不同缘由存在着。我们的工作不是质疑这些离奇的事情，更多的是接受生活带给我们的这些礼物。故选A。11.D【解析】推理推断题。从智者的行为（comingdownfromthetopofthishistoricmountain下山）和智者对作者说的话（Sometimesyoudon’tknowwhatyouhavelostuntilyou’velostit.在失去前你不知道你得到了什么）可推断，智者告知作者要珍惜现在所拥有的。故D答案正确。UnbelievableStoriesofAnimalsActingJustLikeHumans◆HorsesarepickyeatersHorseshaveanevenbettersenseofsmellthanhumansdo.Whenhorsesraisetheirnosesandopentheirnostrils(鼻孔),theirnervoussystemallowsthemtosensesmellswecan’tsense.Thismightexplainwhytheyrefusedirtywaterandcarefullymovearoundmeadows,eatingonlythetastiestgrasses,expertssay.◆WhalesaysthanksIn2011,awhaleexpertspottedahumpbackwhaletrappedinafishingnetandspentanhourfreeingit.Afterward,inanhour-longdisplayofthanks,thewhaleswamneartheirboatandleapedintotheairabout40times.◆PandasliketobenaughtyIsthereanythingmorelovelythanababypanda,exceptmaybeahumanbaby?Infact,babypandassometimesbehavelikehumanbabies.Theysleepinthesamepositionsandvaluetheirthumbs.Pandasareshybynatureforitsshybehaviorssuchascoveringitsfacewithapawofduckingitsheadwhenconfrontedbyastranger.◆AcathonorsitsownerPapertowels,andaplasticcuparejustafewofthegiftsthatToldo,adevotedthree-year-oldgray-and-whitecat,hasplacedonhisformerownerIozzelliRenzo’sgraveeverydaysincethemandiedinSeptember2011.RenzoadoptedToldofromashelterwhenthecatwasthreemonthsold,andthetwoformedaninseparablebond.AfterRenzopassedaway,Toldofollowedthecoffintothecemetery,andnow"standsguard"atthegraveforhoursatatime.12.Whatcanhorsesdotopickdeliciousgrasses?A.Feelthem. B.Tastethem.C.Smellthem. D.Observethem.13.Whatdothewhaleandthecathaveincommonaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyareclever.B.Theyhaveagratefulheart.C.Theyareactiveandlovely.D.Theyhaveagoodsenseofsmell.14.Whichofthefollowingactslikeahumanbabyaccordingtothepassage?A.Thewhale. B.Thecat.C.Thehorse. D.Thepanda.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了4个令人难以置信的动物与人类行为类似的故事。12.C细微环节理解题。依据Horsesarepickyeaters部分介绍的内容可知，马的嗅觉比人类还要强。当马抬起鼻子打开鼻孔时，它们的神经系统让它们感觉到我们感觉不到的气味。因此它们能够拒绝脏水，只吃最美味的草。这说明马靠嗅觉辨别草的好坏。故选C。13.B推理推断题。依据其次个Whalesaysthanks的内容可知，这条鲸鱼通过跳动表达对挽救它的救命恩人的感谢。依据第四个Acathonorsitsowner介绍的内容可知，这只猫到墓地去怀念自己的主子。由此可知，两者共同之处在于都有一颗感恩之心。故选B。14.D细微环节理解题。依据第三个Pandasliketobenaughty的其次句Infact,babypandassometimesbehavelikehumanbabies可知，熊猫宝宝的行为与人类的婴儿相像。故选D。I’dliketosharealittlestorywithyouaboutsomethingthathappenedwhenIwasfour.Irememberitclearly.Ourlovingfamilydogwasnearingtheendofhislife.Myfatherpickedhimupandputhiminalittlebedwehadmadeforhim.Ourdog,mycompanion,whomwehadcaredfor,bitmyfatherwhenheattemptedtohelphim.Howcouldhe?Why?Icouldn’tunderstandit.Ididn’tlikehimanymore.Ihadn’tthoughtaboutthatstoryforalongtimebutsomethingthathappenedlastweekbroughtitbacktome.Iwenttospeakwithafriend.WhenIknockedonthedoor,Imetinaninstantanangrylookandafewharsh(尖刻的)words.Whenthedoorwasslammed(砰地关上)inmyface,Istoodthereshocked,andinarush,Iwasremindedofmydogbitmyfather20yearsagoorso.Whatbroughtthatstorybackwasthatsamefeelingofbetrayal.Bothstoriestaughtmesomethingthenextday.Yousee,whenIgotupinthemorningandwastoldmydoghaddied,itbecamecleartomethathemusthavebeeningreatpain.Forhimtohavebittenafamilymember,hecouldnothavebeenhimself.MuchthesamefortheotherstorywhenIlearnedthatmyfriend’swifehadjustlefthim.Weareallbeingsofourenvironments,ouropinionsandfeelings.Andallofthosethingscancauseyoutosayanddothingsthatcan’tbeunderstoodbythosewhoarenotinthesamesituationwithyou.Ifyoumeetsomeoneeitherbehavingoutofcharacteroractinginawaythatdoesn’tseemtofitthesituation,putoutyourhandandbepatientwhenyouthinkitisleastpossibleforhimtodoso.Youmayturnaroundastorythathasasadendingsimplybyyouractions.15.WhatistheinfluenceoftheincidentmentionedinParagraph1?A.Ithurthisfather’sfeelingdeeply. B.Ithaspuzzledtheauthoreversince.C.Itleftadeepimpressionontheauthor. D.Itmadetheauthordislikedogs.16.Whydidtheauthor’sfriendsayharshwordstotheauthor?A.Hewasill-tempered.B.Hewassufferingthepainoflosinghiswife.C.Hewasbotheredbyanunexpectedvisit.D.Theyoncequarreledandhecouldn’tforgivetheauthor.17.What’stheauthor’sadvicetous?A.Helpthoseinneed. B.Lookbeforeyouleap.C.Respectforothersisakindofvirtue. D.Learntoputyourselfinothers’shoes.【文章大意】本文是故事类短文，叙述了作者挚友因为失去妻子很苦痛以不友好的看法对待作者，使作者想起了20年前狗狗咬了父亲这件事情，从两件事情中得出了一个道理：很多因素都会影响人的行为，所以最终总结出，当我们看到别人出乎意料的行为的时候，要以理解的看法耐性的对待他人。15.C细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段中I’dliketosharealittlestorywithyouaboutsomethingthathappenedwhenIwasfour.Irememberitclearly，可知作者对这件事情的印象很深刻，故选C。16.B细微环节理解题。依据第三段最终一句MuchthesamefortheotherstorywhenIlearnedthatmyfriend’swifehadjustlefthim，可知作者的挚友因为失去了妻子而内心很苦痛所以才会用这样的不友好的看法对待作者，故选B。17.D推理推断题。依据文章最终一段内容bepatientwhenyouthinkitisleastpossibleforhimtodoso，可知当看到别人出乎意料的举动的时候，不要指责，要耐性地理解他们，用最好的方式去对待，故选D。Abrandnewscooter（滑板车）wasrecentlyleftoutsideashopinCornwallwithaheartwarmingnotesaying："Freetoalittleboyorgirlwhoisnotluckyenoughtohaveone."ThescooterbelongedtoMax，ageneroussix﹣year﹣old.Thechildwasgivenanewscooterforhisbirthdaybuthealreadyhadone，sohedecidedthathedidn’tneedit.Hetoldhisparentshewantedafamilywhocouldnotaffordascootertotakehisextraoneandtheyhelpedhimputaplantogether.TheyspokewiththeownerofalocalshopinTrispen，Cornwall，wholetthefamilyleavethescooteroutside.Theyattachedanotetoitsayingitwasfreetotake.Whenthefamilyreturnedtotheshopafterashorttripout，theyfoundathankyounotesittingwherethescooteroncestood，andthefamilythenknewthatahappychildwasracinghomewithanewscooter.Thenoteread："Thankyousomuch!Ilovemynewscooter.LoveAyla."Max’smum，Deborah，proudlysaidhersix-year-oldsonhadalwaysbeengenerous.Thefamilywasthrilledthatsomeonecouldappreciateandtreasuretheirsparescooter.ShealsoaddedhowtheywouldlovetohearfromAyla."Herealizedhecouldn’thavetwoscooterssohesaidhewantedtogiveittoanotherboyor