湖南省部分学校2024-2025学年高三上学期阶段检测联合考试英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省部分学校2024-2025学年高三上学期阶段检测联合考试英语试卷第一部分听力（略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AScratchboard(刮板画)isatechniquewheretheartistscratchesawayinktorevealacolorunderneath,usuallywhite.Thisscratchboardlessonplanisagreatwaytoteachstudentstheimportanceofhighlightsinanartwork.Itforcesthemtothinkinreversetopulltheimagefromthesurface.Overviewandpurpose:Studentswilllearntheimportanceofhighlightsandlightervaluesinthecreationofartworks.Studentswilllearntheprocessofscratchboardetching(蚀刻).Materials:9''by12''scratchboardpaper,graphite(石墨),ink,scratchboardtoolsorrazorblades,ballpointpens(optional).Deliveryofinfo:Studentswillbepresentedwithademonstrationofscratchboard.Itisbesttodemonstratethistechniquethroughtheuseofadocumentcameraorwithsmallergroupsofstudents.Graphitecanbeusedtodrawthepreliminarydrawingonthescratchboardpaper.Studentswillthendrawimagesonthesurfaceanduseeitheretchingtoolsorrazorbladestoscratchawaythelightervaluesandcompleteascratchboardetching.Guidedpractice:Studentswillworkwhiletheteacherwalksaroundandmonitorsprogress.Studentswillhave7daystocompletetheassignment.Address:The3rdfloor,MunicipalArtMuseum.1.Whatisthefeatureofscratchboard?A.Paintingwithdifferentpens.B.Drawingonthelayerbelow.C.Scratchingtheinkontheboard’ssurface.D.Etchingsomecolorfulimagesonaboard.2.Whatwillbeusedinthepresentationofthisart?A.Alotofgraphite B.Adocumentcamera.C.Someetchingtools. D.Someballpointpens.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Topromotealesson. B.Tosellsomeartworks.C.Tointroduceanewart. D.Toattractmoretravelers.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项刮板画教学计划，包括教学目标、所需材料、授课方式以及实践指导等内容。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scratchboard(刮板画)isatechniquewheretheartistscratchesawayinktorevealacolorunderneath,usuallywhite.(刮板画是一种技术，艺术家通过刮去墨水来露出下面的颜色，通常是白色)”可知，刮板画的特点是艺术家刮掉板表面的墨，以露出下面的颜色。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Itisbesttodemonstratethistechniquethroughtheuseofadocumentcameraorwithsmallergroupsofstudents.(最好通过使用实物投影仪或对小团体的学生来演示这项技术)”可知，在演示这种艺术时，最好使用实物投影仪或面向较小的学生群体。由此可知，演示时会用到实物投影仪。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章的整体内容，特别是第二段“Overviewandpurpose:Studentswilllearntheimportanceofhighlightsandlightervaluesinthecreationofartworks.Studentswilllearntheprocessofscratchboardetching(蚀刻).(概述和目的：学生将学习高光和较浅色调在艺术作品创作中的重要性。学生还将学习刮板蚀刻的过程。)”这部分，可以推断出文本的主要目的是介绍一个教学计划，让学生了解高光和较浅色调在艺术创作中的重要性以及刮板蚀刻的过程。所以文章的目的是推广这一课程。故选A。BSomewhereinCalifornia,justupahillfromthebeachisahighschool,wherestudentswillmeetbeforetravelingtoneighboringSanClementeHighSchoolonaSaturdayfora2-milewalktoraisemoneytobuildawellinaKenyanvillage.MostKenyanslivewherecleanwaterishardtoaccess.Thegoodnewsisthatwaterthatfallsintherainyseasonisstoredfarunderground,sometimesasdeepas900feet.Butbringingittothesurfacecanbeachallenge.Sometimes,itrequiresheavy-dutyequipment.Shallowerwellsarelesscostlybutstillrequiremanpowerandtechnologytowork.Asinglewellcansupplywatertoanentirevillage,andthiscanbelife-changing.WeeksbeforethefirstannualHealingHandsforWaterWalkFundraisereventin2012,studentswalkedinthebeachtownandaskedfordonationsfrombusinesses.Theycoveredalotmoredistancethanthe2milestheywouldcoverduringtheeventasstudentorganizersBrannerGrimsley,KlaraGundelachandSolveigErngrenpoundedontheboardwalk.“ButitwasworthittomakeadifferencebyhelpingthesepeopleinAfrica,”Grimsleysaid.Standingontheboardwalkandlookingoutoverthesandtothehorizonandbeyond,youcanseealifelinereachingfromafewdedicatedkidstoasimilargroupofkidsinanAfricanvillage.Theconnectionwashardtoimagineatfirstbutnowseemssoreal.Studentsonbothsidesoftheworldwalkunderthesamesun.Onotherdays,theywouldhavedifferentplacestogo,buttoday,theywalkforthesamereason:tosharethebondofbeingonehumanfamily.InanotherKenyanvillage,awellwascompleted.Asthevillagersexcitedlyoperatedthehandpump,theanticipationbuilt.Withinminutes,atrickleofcleanwaterflowed,thenagush.Itwasamiracleinsuchadryvillage.Bucketswerefilled,andchildrensplashedwater.Thetearsofjoyflowedaseasilyasthewellwater.4.WhatcanweknowaboutbuildingwellsinKenyafromparagraph2?A.It’scostlyanduseless. B.It’seasyandinterestingC.It’schallengingbutcheap D.It’sdifficultbutworthwhile.5.Whydoesparagraph4mentiontheconnection?A.Topraisetheevent’sparticipants.B.Toshowthedifficultyoftheevent.C.Tosharethebondofthehumanfamily.D.Tohighlightthesignificanceoftheevent.6.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theexcitementofbuildingawell.B.Therequirementforcompletingawell.C.Thejoyoussightofdrawingwaterfromawell.D.Thequalityofthewaterfromalocalvillage’swell.7.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.FromtheBeachtoKenyaB.Students’WalkontheBeachC.WalkingtoaNeighboringSchoolD.Kenya’sStruggleforCleanWater【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了加利福尼亚州一所高中的学生们一场2英里的步行活动，从而为肯尼亚一个村庄建造水井筹集资金。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Thegoodnewsisthatwaterthatfallsintherainyseasonisstoredfarunderground,sometimesasdeepas900feet.Butbringingittothesurfacecanbeachallenge.Sometimes,itrequiresheavy-dutyequipment.Shallowerwellsarelesscostlybutstillrequiremanpowerandtechnologytowork.Asinglewellcansupplywatertoanentirevillage,andthiscanbelife-changing.(好消息是，雨季降下的雨水会被储存在地下深处，有时深达900英尺。但将这些水带到地表却是一项挑战。有时，这需要重型设备。较浅的水井成本较低，但仍需人力和技术来运作。一口水井就能为整个村庄供水，而这可能会彻底改变他们的生活。)”可知，将地下水带到地表可能是有挑战性的，但一口水井就能为整个村庄供水，可能会彻底改变他们的生活，这表明尽管有困难，但建井是值得的。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Theconnectionwashardtoimagineatfirstbutnowseemssoreal.Studentsonbothsidesoftheworldwalkunderthesamesun.Onotherdays,theywouldhavedifferentplacestogo,buttoday,theywalkforthesamereason:tosharethebondofbeingonehumanfamily.(起初这种联系很难想象，但现在却显得如此真实。世界各地的学生们都在同一个太阳下行走。在其他日子里，他们可能会去不同的地方，但今天，他们为了同一个原因而行走：分享作为人类大家庭的一员之间的纽带。)”可知，文中提到这种联系虽然起初难以想象，但现在却显得非常真实和重要。接着提到学生们为了同一个原因而行走，这突出了活动的重要性和其带来的深远影响，即连接了不同地方的人们，共同为改善他人生活而努力。故选D。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“InanotherKenyanvillage,awellwascompleted.Asthevillagersexcitedlyoperatedthehandpump,theanticipationbuilt.Withinminutes,atrickleofcleanwaterflowed,thenagush.Itwasamiracleinsuchadryvillage.Bucketswerefilled,andchildrensplashedwater.Thetearsofjoyflowedaseasilyasthewellwater.(在肯尼亚的另一个村庄里，一口水井建成了。村民们兴奋地操作着手摇泵，期待之情溢于言表。几分钟后，一股细流涌出，随后是一股洪流。在这个干旱的村庄里，这简直是个奇迹。水桶被装满了，孩子们在水花中嬉戏。喜悦的泪水像井水一样自然而然地流淌。)”可知，最后一段描述了村民们兴奋地操作手摇泵，随后清洁的水流出，孩子们嬉戏，喜悦的泪水流淌，这些都是从井里抽水后村民们表现出的欢乐景象。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“SomewhereinCalifornia,justupahillfromthebeachisahighschool,wherestudentswillmeetbeforetravelingtoneighboringSanClementeHighSchoolonaSaturdayfora2-milewalktoraisemoneytobuildawellinaKenyanvillage.(在加利福尼亚州的某个地方，海滩旁的一座小山丘上有一所高中，学生们会在一个周六聚集于此，然后前往邻近的圣克莱门特高中，参加一场2英里的步行活动，旨在为肯尼亚一个村庄建造水井筹集资金。)”以及全文内容可知，加利福尼亚州的学生们从海滩旁的学校出发，通过步行活动筹集资金，为肯尼亚的村庄建造水井。选项A“FromtheBeachtoKenya(从海滩到肯尼亚)”很好地概括文本的主题，体现了活动的起点和终点，以及活动的目的和意义。故选A。CWhenthesunreachesitspeakactivity,knownassolarmaximum,itsmagnetic(磁的)fieldwillreverse(逆转).Thishappensroughlyeveryl1years,markinganimportantstageinthesolarcycle.Itindicatesthehalfwaypointofsolarmaximum,theheightofsolaractivity,andthebeginningoftheshifttowardsolarminimum.Thelasttimethesun’smagneticfieldflippedwastowardtheendof2013.Tounderstandthemagneticfield’sreversal,first,it’simportanttobefamiliarwiththesolarcycle.Thisapproximately11-yearcycleofsolaractivity,drivenbythesun’smagneticfield,isindicatedbythefrequencyandintensityofsunspotsvisibleonthesurface.Theheightofsolaractivityduringagivensolarcycleisknownassolarmaximum,andcurrentestimatespredictitwilloccurbetweenlate2024andearly2026.“Butthereisanotherimportant,less-knowncycle,theHalecycle.Thismagneticcyclelastsapproximately22years,throughwhichthesun’smagneticfieldreversesandthenrevertstoitsoriginalstate,”RyanFrench,asolarastrophysicist,said.“Duringsolarminimum,thesun’smagneticfieldisclosetoadipole(偶极子),withonenorthpoleandonesouthpole,similartoEarth’smagneticfield.Butasweshifttowardsolarmaximum,thesun’smagneticfieldbecomesmorecomplex,withoutaclearnorth-southpoleseparation,”Frenchsaid.Bythetimesolarmaximumpassesandsolarminimumarrives,thesunhasreturnedtoadipole.TheupcomingswitchinpolaritywillbefromthenortherntosouthernmagneticfieldintheNorthernHemisphereandviceversaintheSouthernHemisphere.“ThiswillbringittoasimilarmagneticorientationtoEarth,whichalsohasitssouthern-pointingmagneticfieldintheNorthernHemisphere,”Frenchexplained.8.Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopic?A.Bycitinganinstance.B.Byshowingadifference.C.Bygivinganinterpretation.D.Bymakingacomparison9.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthesun’smagneticfieldandthesolarcycle?A.Uncertain. B.Close. C.Strange. D.Indifferent.10.WhydidFrenchmentionEarth’smagneticfield?A.Tomakehisreasonsclear.B.Tomakehisexperimentsconvincing.C.Tomakehispredictionaccurate.D.Tomakehisexplanationspecific.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“orientation”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Emergency. B.Direction. C.Response. D.Procedure.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个天文现象：太阳活动达到其峰值时，太阳的磁场将发生逆转。【8题详解】推理判断题。由第一段内容“Whenthesunreachesitspeakactivity,knownassolarmaximum,itsmagnetic(磁的)fieldwillreverse(逆转).Thishappensroughlyeveryl1years,markinganimportantstageinthesolarcycle.Itindicatesthehalfwaypointofsolarmaximum,theheightofsolaractivity,andthebeginningoftheshifttowardsolarminimum.(当太阳达到其活动峰值，即太阳活动最大值时，其磁场将反转。这大约每11年发生一次，标志着太阳周期的一个重要阶段。它表示太阳活动最大值的中点、太阳活动的高度以及向太阳活动最小值转变的开始)”可知，作者在第一段对太阳活动峰值做出了解释，以此来引入文章的主题。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Tounderstandthemagneticfield’sreversal,first,it’simportanttobefamiliarwiththesolarcycle.(要了解磁场的反转，首先，熟悉太阳周期很重要)”可知，太阳磁场和太阳（活动的）周期有着密切的联系。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Duringsolarminimum,thesun’smagneticfieldisclosetoadipole(偶极子),withonenorthpoleandonesouthpole,similartoEarth’smagneticfield.(在太阳活动极小期，太阳的磁场接近偶极子，有一个北极和一个南极，类似于地球的磁场)”可知，作者在第四段第一句提到地球磁场是为了使文章的解释说明更加具体，以便我们能更好地理解太阳磁场的变化。故选D。【11题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段“TheupcomingswitchinpolaritywillbefromthenortherntosouthernmagneticfieldintheNorthernHemisphereandviceversaintheSouthernHemisphere.“Thiswillbringittoasimilarmagnetic

orientation

toEarth,whichalsohasitssouthern-pointingmagneticfieldintheNorthernHemisphere,”Frenchexplained.(即将到来的极性转换将是北半球从北磁场向南磁场，南半球反之亦然。French解释说：“这将使它的磁orientation与地球相似，地球在北半球也有指向南方的磁场。”)”可知，划线词前一句在阐述太阳的磁场方向转换，划线词前面的Similar一词即在指示，这样的磁场方向（orientation）与地球的磁场方向相似。故选B。DForthepast20years,I’vesearchedlibrariesandtheInternetforotherswhoarethinkingaboutthepossibleeffectofthebreakdownofmultigenerationalfamilies.I’vebeensurprisedathowfewresourcesexistonthistopic.It’sthemainreasonIchosetofinallywriteFamilyRevision.WhileI’veexpectedoneofthecountlessmarriageandfamilywritersandthinkerstoaddressthistopic,noneseemtoreallyunderstandthatthetransition(转变)frommultigenerationalfamiliestonuclearfamiliesisattherootofsomanyoftheothersymptomstheydiscuss.Well,thesilenceonthistopicwasfinallybrokenanditwasnotfromatraditionalfamilypublicationbutfromDavidBrooks,TheNewYorkTimescolumnistwritingforTheAtlantic.Inanarticlenearlythelengthofadissertationonthissubject,Brooksmasterfullyexposestherootproblemwiththemodernfamily.Inthearticle,Brookswrote,“Whenwediscusstheproblemsthecountryisfacing,wedon’ttalkaboutfamilyenough.Itfeelstoojudgmental,toouncomfortable,andmaybeeventooreligious.Butthefactisthatthenuclearfamilyhasbeencollapsinginslowmotionfordecades,andmanyofourotherproblems—witheducation,mentalhealth,andthequalityofthelaborforce—stemfromthatbreakdown.Wehaveleftbehindthefamilystructureofthepast.Formostpeopleit’snotcomingback.”ManyAmericansarehungeringtoliveinmultigenerationalfamilies,inthewaythatisnewandancientatthesametime.Thisisasignificantopportunity,achancetothickenandbroadenfamilyrelationships,achancetoallowmoreadultsandchildrentoliveandgrowunderthelovinggazeofadozenpairsofeyes,andbecaught,whentheyfall,byadozenpairsofarms.Fordecadeswehavebeeneatingatsmallerandsmallertables,withfewerandfewerrelatives.It’stimeforachange.12.Whichwordcanbestdescribethebreakdownofmultigenerationalfamilies?A.Damaging. B.Extraordinary.C.Meaningful. D.Ineffective.13.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofBrooks’article?A.It’satradition. B.It’savictory.C.It’sacomparison. D.It’sabreakthrough.14.WhatcanbeinferredfromBrooks’article?A.MostAmericanshavehealthproblems.B.Americaisfacingaseachangeinsociety.C.Focusingonfamily-relatedissuesisurgent.D.Peoplebenefitfromthepresentfamilystructure.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothestructureofmultigenerationalfamilies?A.Dismissive. B.Approving. C.Unclear. D.Doubtful.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了多代同堂的家庭结构的瓦解所造成的影响。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“WhileI’veexpectedoneofthecountlessmarriageandfamilywritersandthinkerstoaddressthistopic,noneseemtoreallyunderstandthatthetransition(转变)frommultigenerationalfamiliestonuclearfamiliesisattherootofsomanyoftheothersymptomstheydiscuss.(虽然我希望无数以婚姻家庭为主题的作家和思想家中有一位能够解决这个问题，但似乎没有人真正理解，从多代家庭到核心家庭的转变是他们讨论的许多其他症状的根源)”可知，许多人并不知道，从多代同堂的家庭结构向核心家庭的家庭结构的转变是许多问题的根源。再根据第四段第三句“Butthefactisthatthenuclearfamilyhasbeencollapsinginslowmotionfordecades,andmanyofourotherproblems—witheducation,mentalhealth,andthequalityofthelaborforce—stemfromthatbreakdown.(但事实是，几十年来，核心家庭一直在缓慢瓦解，我们的许多其他问题——教育、心理健康和劳动力质量——都源于这种瓦解)”可知，多代同堂的家庭结构的瓦解造成了教育、心理健康、劳动力质量等方面的问题。由此可知，多代同堂的家庭结构的瓦解造成了很大的破坏。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。作者在第一段中指出“Forthepast20years,I’vesearchedlibrariesandtheInternetforotherswhoarethinkingaboutthepossibleeffectofthebreakdownofmultigenerationalfamilies.I’vebeensurprisedathowfewresourcesexistonthistopic.(在过去的20年里，我在图书馆和互联网上搜索有没有人在思考多代家庭破裂可能带来的影响。我很惊讶关于这个话题的资源很少)”，即研究多代同堂的家庭结构的瓦解可能造成的影响的文章很少。而在第三段中提及“Well,thesilenceonthistopicwasfinallybrokenanditwasnotfromatraditionalfamilypublicationbutfromDavidBrooks,

TheNewYork

Times

columnistwritingfor

TheAtlantic.(好吧，关于这个话题的沉默终于被打破了，它不是来自传统的家庭出版物，而是来自《纽约时报》为《大西洋月刊》撰稿的专栏作家DavidBrooks)”，Brooks的文章终于打破了这个现状。所以对作者而言，Brooks的文章就是一项突破。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Inthearticle,Brookswrote,“Whenwediscusstheproblemsthecountryisfacing,wedon’ttalkaboutfamilyenough.Itfeelstoojudgmental,toouncomfortable,andmaybeeventooreligious.Butthefactisthatthenuclearfamilyhasbeencollapsinginslowmotionfordecades,andmanyofourotherproblems—witheducation,mentalhealth,andthequalityofthelaborforce—stemfromthatbreakdown.Wehaveleftbehindthefamilystructureofthepast.Formostpeopleit’snotcomingback.”(布鲁克斯在文章中写道：“当我们讨论国家面临的问题时，我们很少谈论家庭。它让人感觉太武断，太不舒服，甚至可能太宗教化了。但事实是，核心家庭几十年来一直在缓慢地崩溃，我们的许多其他问题——教育、心理健康和劳动力质量——都源于这种崩溃。我们已经抛弃了过去的家庭结构。对大多数人来说，它不会再回来了。”)”可知，Brooks的文章中提到，当人们谈论国家面临的问题时，很少关注家庭问题，即迫切需要关注与家庭有关的问题。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“ManyAmericansarehungeringtoliveinmultigenerationalfamilies,inthewaythatisnewandancientatthesametime.Thisisasignificantopportunity,achancetothickenandbroadenfamilyrelationships,achancetoallowmoreadultsandchildrentoliveandgrowunderthelovinggazeofadozenpairsofeyes,andbecaught,whentheyfall,byadozenpairsofarms.Fordecadeswehavebeeneatingatsmallerandsmallertables,withfewerandfewerrelatives.It’stimeforachange.(许多美国人渴望以一种新旧并存的方式生活在多代同堂的家庭中。这是一个重要的机会，一个加深和拓宽家庭关系的机会，是一个让更多的成年人和儿童在十几双眼睛爱的注视下生活和成长的机会，当他们摔倒时，会被十几双胳膊扶住。几十年来，我们的餐桌越来越小，亲戚越来越少。是时候做出改变了)”可知，作者在最后一段中介绍了多代同堂的家庭结构有许多好处。由此可知，作者对多代同堂的家庭结构持支持态度。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thefrequencyofbathingusuallydependsonyourage.It’smorethanlikelythatolderpeople,babiesandyoungchildrenhavedryskin,whichcanleadtoeczema(湿疹).____16____.Formostpeoplewhohaverelativelynormalskin,bathingeverydayisOK,andtherearethingsyoushouldpayattentiontowhentakingashower.Skinhydration(水合作用)isensuredbythebricks-and-mortarstructureofthedeadskincellsonthesurface,whichareboundtogetherbynaturalmoisturising(保湿)materialssuchasceramides.Together,theykeepmoistureinyourskinandpreventitfromfading,butfrequentbathingcanwashthisbarrieraway.____17____.Aftershowering,applymoisturisingcreamwhileyourskinisstilldamp,tolockinthatmoisture,ratherthandryingyourselfthoroughlyandthenapplyingcream.____18____,butmostexfoliating(使死皮脱落)cleaningproductscancausescratchsontheskin.Ingeneral,ifyouwanttoexfoliate,acid-basedaccelerators,suchasglycolicorlacticacids,aremoregentle.Whenitcomestoyourfeet,productscontainingurea,whichbreaksupdryanddeadskincells,willsoftenbetterthanabrasivescrubs.____19____.Ifyouhavesensitiveskin,avoidheavilysweet-smellingsoaps,whichcontainadditivesthatcancauseirritationorallergicreactions.Ingeneral,soapywaterwillrundownyourlegsandfeetanyway.Theupperlegandgroinareaisthepartyoushouldwashregularly,becauseitcanbecomecolonisedbypathogens.____20____A.PeopleoftenwanttocleansetheirskinB.SotakingareasonablenumberofbathsisgoodforthemC.ItisimportanttochooseasoapthatsuitsyourskintypeD.Whenpurchasingcleaningproducts,youmustbecautiousE.Toprotectthem,avoidtakingtoohotandtoolongshowersF.Anyway,you’dbetterwashthoroughlytoremoveallthesoapremainsG.Remembertoalwayshaveabreakafteryourbathtokeepyourskinhealthy【答案】16.B17.E18.A19.C20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了洗澡的相关注意事项。【16题详解】根据上文“Thefrequencyofbathingusuallydependsonyourage.It’smorethanlikelythatolderpeople,babiesandyoungchildrenhavedryskin,whichcanleadtoeczema(湿疹).(洗澡的频率通常取决于你的年龄。老年人、婴儿和幼儿皮肤干燥的可能性更大，这可能导致湿疹)”可知，洗澡的频率通常取决于一个人的年龄，一些人群的皮肤干燥可能会导致疾病。由此可知，B.Sotakingareasonablenumberofbathsisgoodforthem(所以适量洗澡对他们有好处)能够与上文形成因果关系，符合语境。其中them指代上文中的olderpeople,babiesandyoungchildren。故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“Skinhydration(水合作用)isensuredbythebricks-and-mortarstructureofthedeadskincellsonthesurface,whichareboundtogetherbynaturalmoisturising(保湿)materialssuchasceramides.Together,theykeepmoistureinyourskinandpreventitfromfading,butfrequentbathingcanwashthisbarrieraway.(皮肤的水合作用是由表面死皮细胞的砖块和砂浆结构保证的，这些死皮细胞是由神经酰胺等天然保湿物质结合在一起的。它们一起为你的皮肤保持水分，防止皮肤褪色，但经常洗澡会把这个屏障洗掉)”可知，经常洗澡会把保护皮肤的表面死皮细胞洗掉。由此可知，E.Toprotectthem,avoidtakingtoohotandtoolongshowers(为了保护它们，避免太热和太长时间的淋浴)能够衔接上文，符合语境。其中them指代上文中的thedeadskincellsonthesurface。故选E。【18题详解】根据下文“butmostexfoliating(使死皮脱落)cleaningproductscancausescratchsontheskin.(但大多数去角质清洁产品会对皮肤造成划伤)”可知，人们会选择使用去角质清洁产品去清洁皮肤，且与上文形成转折关系。由此可知，A.Peopleoftenwanttocleansetheirskin(人们经常想要清洁皮肤)能够衔接下文，符合语境。其中cleanse和skin与下文中的cleaning和skin相呼应。故选A。【19题详解】根据下文“Ifyouhavesensitiveskin,avoidheavilysweet-smellingsoaps,whichcontainadditivesthatcancauseirritationorallergicreactions.(如果你是敏感皮肤，避免使用气味浓烈的肥皂，因为它们含有会引起刺激或过敏反应的添加剂)”可知，本段介绍的是选择肥皂注意的事项。由此可知，C.Itisimportanttochooseasoapthatsuitsyourskintype(选择适合你皮肤类型的肥皂很重要)适合作本段主旨句，符合语境。故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Ingeneral,soapywaterwillrundownyourlegsandfeetanyway.Theupperlegandgroinareaisthepartyoushouldwashregularly,becauseitcanbecomecolonisedbypathogens.(一般来说，肥皂水会顺着你的腿和脚流下去。大腿和腹股沟区域是你应该经常清洗的地方，因为那里可能会被病原体占领)”可知，本段介绍洗澡时如何处理肥皂水的问题。由此可知，F.Anyway,you’dbetterwashthoroughlytoremoveallthesoapremains(无论如何，你最好彻底洗掉所有残留的肥皂)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastmonth,Iattendedaculturalfestivalinthecentreofourcity,wherewecelebratedthethemeofkindnessthroughsomeexhibitions.Itwasaneventfilledwithstoriesthat____21____usdeeply.Ayoung____22____caughteveryone’sattention.HisnamewasKarim.Hewasinvitedtoshowcasehiscountry’straditionalartsandcrafts.Hesaidgoodbyetoalifefullof____23____andstartedonajourneyfilledwithuncertaintybutalso____24____forabetterfuture.Everyonewas____25____toseehiswork.Hisstorytouchedtheheartsofmany,____26____Linda,alocalartistknownforherpaintings.Lindahadrecentlycompletedapiecethat____27____thespiritofkindness,andshewantedtopresentittoKarimasasymbolofher____28____.Karimhadtoleavehisfamilyandhislonelinesswas____29____.Yet,onthesiteoftheculturalfestival,hefoundanew“family”who_____30_____himwithopenarms.Duringthefestival’sclosingceremony,Karimwasinvitedtothe_____31_____.HewaspresentedwithLinda’spaintingandwasembracedbymanylocalsina_____32_____gestureofacceptanceandlove.Themomentwasasymbolofhowartcan_____33_____peopleacrossboundaries.ThepaintingnowhangsonthewallinKarim’sroom,avividreminderofthe_____34_____hefoundinanewland.ItremindsKarimthatnomatterwherelifetakeshim,therewillalwaysbeaplacewherehe_____35_____.21.A.confused B.moved C.improved D.troubled22.A.judge B.audience C.participant D.witness23.A.talent B.hardship C.doubt D.potential24.A.hope B.excuse C.appreciation D.reason25.A.bored B.annoyed C.puzzled D.excited26.A.mainly B.actually C.especially D.specifically27.A.ignored B.prepared C.obeyed D.represented28.A.knowledge B.experience C.support D.permission29.A.excellent B.changeable C.ordinary D.obvious30.A.trusted B.welcomed C.raised D.awaited31.A.stage B.country C.ceremony D.exhibition32.A.patient B.limited C.sincere D.familiar33.A.shape B.forgive C.introduce D.connect34.A.concern B.peace C.belief D.dream35.A.escapes B.belongs C.practises D.appears【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.A25.D26.C27.D28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.A35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了年轻的卡里姆受邀参加文化节，去展示他国家的传统工艺品，在那里他被许多当地人真诚地接受，被爱所拥抱，并收到了一位艺术家的最新作品，这让卡里姆感到无论生活把他带到哪里，总有一个地方是他的归属。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个充满故事的事件，深深打动了我们。A.confused使迷惑；B.moved打动；C.improved改善；D.troubled困扰。根据下文“Hisstorytouchedtheheartsofmany,________Linda,alocalartistknownforherpaintings.”可知，这一事件深深打动了我们。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的参与者引起了大家的注意。A.judge法官；B.audience观众；C.participant参与者；D.witness证人。根据下文“HisnamewasKarim.Hewasinvitedtoshowcasehiscountry’straditionalartsandcrafts”可知，此处指一位年轻的参与者。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告别了充满艰辛的生活，开始了一段充满不确定性但也对美好未来充满希望的旅程。A.talent天赋；B.hardship困难；C.doubt怀疑；D.potential潜力。根据下文“andstartedonajourneyfilledwithuncertaintybutalso_______forabetterfuture.”可知，他先前的生活应该是充满了困难。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告别了充满艰辛的生活，开始了一段充满不确定性但也对美好未来充满希望的旅程。A.hope希望；B.excuse借口；C.appreciation欣赏；D.reason原因。根据空后“forabetterfuture”可知，此处指对美好未来的希望。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人看到他的作品都很兴奋。A.bored无聊的；B.annoyed生气的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.excited兴奋的。根据下文“Hisstorytouchedtheheartsofmany”可知，他的故事触动了许多人的心，每个人看到他的作品都很兴奋。故选D。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的故事触动了许多人的心，尤其是琳达，一位以绘画闻名的当地艺术家。A.mainly主要是；B.actually实际上；C.especially尤其是；D.specifically具体地。根据上文“Hisstorytouchedtheheartsofmany”及下文“Linda,alocalartistknownforherpaintings.”可知，此处应用强调副词especially，表示“他的故事触动了许多人的心，尤其是琳达”。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：琳达最近完成了一件代表善良精神的作品，她想把它作为她支持卡里姆的象征送给他。A.ignored忽视；B.prepared准备；C.obeyed服从；D.represented代表。根据下文“thespiritofkindness”可知，此处指代表善良精神，应用represent，其他选项不符合语境。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳达最近完成了一件代表善良精神的作品，她想把它作为她支持卡里姆的象征送给他。A.knowledge知识；B.experience经验；C.support支持；D.permission许可。根据上文“Lindahadrecentlycompletedapiecethat_____thespiritofkindness,andshewantedtopresentittoKarim”可知，琳达想把自己最近完成的作品送给卡里姆，她想把它作为她支持他的象征。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卡里姆不得不离开他的家庭，他的孤独显而易见。A.excellent优秀的；B.changeable可变的；C.ordinary普通的；D.obvious显而易见的。根据上文“Karimhadtoleavehisfamily”及常识可知，一个人不得不离开自己的家庭后，自然会感到孤独，因此他的孤独显而易见。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在文化节现场，他发现了一个新的“家庭”，他们张开双臂欢迎他。A.trusted信赖；B.welcomed欢迎；C.raised提高；D.awaited等待。根据下文“Duringthefestival’sclosingceremony,Karimwasinvitedtothe_____.HewaspresentedwithLinda’spaintingandwasembracedbymanylocalsina________gestureofacceptanceandlove.”可知，在文化节现场，很多人张开双臂欢迎他。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在文化节闭幕式上，卡里姆被邀请上台。A.stage舞台；B.country国家；C.ceremony仪式；D.exhibition展览。根据上文“Duringthefestival’sclosingceremony,”及语境可知，此处指卡里姆被邀请上台。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他收到了琳达的画作，并被许多当地人真诚地接受，被爱所拥抱。A.patient耐心的；B.limited有限的；C.sincere真诚的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据上文“Duringthefestival’sclosingceremony,Karimwasinvitedtothe_______.HewaspresentedwithLinda’spaintingandwasembracedbymanylocals”可知，此处卡里姆被许多当地人真诚地接受和爱。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一刻象征着艺术如何跨越国界将人们联系在一起。A.shape塑造；B.forgive原谅；C.introduce介绍；D.connect把……联系起来。根据下文“peopleacrossboundaries.”及语境可知，此处指艺术跨越国界将人们联系在一起。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这幅画现在挂在卡林的房间的墙上，是卡里姆在新土地上感受到的关怀的生动回忆。A.concern关爱；B.peace和平；C.belief信仰；D.dream梦想。根据上文“HewaspresentedwithLinda’spaintingandwasembracedbymanylocalsina_____gestureofacceptanceandlove.”可知，卡里姆被许多当地人真诚地接受和爱，这幅画成为卡里姆在新土地上感受到的关怀的生动回忆。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它提醒卡里姆，无论生活把他带到哪里，总有一个地方是他的归属。A.escapes逃跑；B.belongs属于（某团体或组织）；C.practises实践；D.appears出现。根据上文“HewaspresentedwithLinda’spaintingandwasembracedbymanylocalsina_______gestureofacceptanceandlove.”可知，卡里姆被许多当地人真诚地接受和爱，所以卡里姆感到，无论生活把他带到哪里，总有一个地方是他的归属。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Athousandmilescanbeusedtodescribesomethingverylongorv