2025版高考英语一轮复习第2部分人与社会主题群3历史社会与文化主题语境7重大政治历史事件文化渊源教师用书教案

PAGE主题语境(七)(重大)政治、历史事务，文化渊源阅读理解A(2024·全国卷Ⅱ·A)TheLakeDistrictAttractionsGuideDalemainHistory，Culture&Landscape(景观)．Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresofcelebratedandaward­winninggardenswithparklandwalk.OwnedbytheHasellfamilysince1679，hometotheInternationalMarmaladeFestival.Giftsandantiques，plantsales，museums&MediaevalHallTearoom.Open：29Mar­29Oct，SuntoThurs.Tearoom，Gardens&GiftShop：10.30－17.00(16.00inOct)．House：11.15­16.00(15.00inOct)．Town：PooleyBridge&PenrithAbbotThoseviewingthequalityofAbbotHall'stemporaryexhibitionsmaybeforgivenforthinkingtheyareinacitygallery.TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibitionprogrammehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.Open：MontoSatandSummerSundays.10.30­17.00Summer.10.30­16.00Winter.Town：KendalTullieHouseMuseum&ArtGalleryDiscover，exploreandenjoyaward­winningTullieHouse，wherehistoriccollections，contemporaryartandfamilyfunarebroughttogetherinoneimpressivemuseumandartgallery.Therearefourfantasticgalleriestovisitfromfinearttointeractivefun，sothere'ssomethingforeveryone!Open：HighSeason1Apr­31Oct：MontoSat10.00­17.00，Sun11.00­17.00.LowSeason1Nov­31Mar：MontoSat10.00­16.30，Sun12.00­16.30.Town：CarlisleDoveCottage&TheWordsworthDiscoverWilliamWordsworth'sinspirationalhome.TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage，walkthroughhishillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthecollectionintheMuseum.Visittheshopandrelaxinthecafé.Exhibitions，eventsandfamilyactivitiesthroughouttheyear.Open：Daily,09.30­17.30(lastadmission17.00)．Town：Grasmere【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了几个湖区景点，包括其营业时间及地点等。1．WhenistheHouseatDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensopenonSundaysinJuly?A．09.30­17.30. B．10.30­16.00.C．11.15­16.00. D．12.00­16.30.C[细微环节理解题。依据DalemainMansion&HistoricGardens部分的信息“House：11.15­16.00(15.00inOct)”可知答案。故选C。]2．WhatcanvisitorsdoatAbbotHallArtGallery&Museum?A．EnjoyRomney'sworks.B．Havesomeinteractivefun.C．Attendafamousfestival.D．Learnthehistoryofafamily.A[细微环节理解题。依据AbbotHallArtGallery&Museum部分的信息“TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibitionprogrammehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.”可知，游客可以在此处观赏Romney的作品。故选A。]3．WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoexploreWordsworth'slife?A．Penrith. B．Kendal.C．Carlisle. D．Grasmere.D[细微环节理解题。依据DoveCottage&TheWordsworthMuseum部分的信息“Town：Grasmere”可知，假如游客想了解Wordsworth的生活可以去Grasmere。故选D。]B(2024·全国卷Ⅲ·A)JourneyBackinTimewithScholarsClassicalProvence(13days)JourneythroughthebeautifulcountrysideofProvence，France，withProf.OriZ．Soltes.Wewillvisitsomeofthebest­preservedRomanmonumentsintheworld.OurtouralsoincludesachancetowalkinthefootstepsofVanGoghandGauguin.Fieldsofflowers，tile­roofed(瓦屋顶)villagesandtastymealsenrichthiswonderfulexperience.SouthernSpain(15days)Spainhaslovelywhitetownsandthescent(芳香)oforanges，butitisalsoatreasuryofancientremainsincludingthecitiesleftbytheGreeks，RomansandArabs.AswetravelsouthfromMadridwithProf.RonaldMessiertohistoricToledo，RomanMéridaandintoAndalucia,weexplorehistoricalmonumentsandarchitecture.China'sSacredLandscapes(21days)DiscovertheChinaof“pastages，”itswalledcities，templesandmountainscenerywithProf.RobertThorp.Highlights(精彩之处)includeChina'smostsacredpeaksatMountTaiandHangzhou'srollinghills，waterwaysandpeacefultemples.WewillwanderintraditionalsmalltownsandendourtourwithanexceptionalmuseuminShanghai.Tunisia(17days)JoinProf.PedarFossonourin­depthTunisiantour.TourhighlightsincludetheRomancityofDougga，theundergroundNumidiancapitalatBullaRegia，RomanSbeitlaandtheremoteareasaroundTataouineandMatmata，uniqueforundergroundcities.OurjourneytakesustopicturesqueBerbervillagesandlovelybeaches.【语篇解读】游客可以和学者们一起去探究世界各地的历史文化景观，本文介绍了法国普罗旺斯、西班牙南部、中国的神圣景观和突尼斯。4．WhatcanvisitorsseeinbothClassicalProvenceandSouthernSpain?A．Historicalmonuments. B．Fieldsofflowers.C．VanGogh'spaintings. D．Greekbuildings.A[细微环节理解题。依据ClassicalProvence部分中的“Wewillvisitsomeofthebest­preservedRomanmonuments”和SouthernSpain部分中的“weexplorehistoricalmonumentsandarchitecture”可知，游客在普罗旺斯和西班牙南部都可以看到历史纪念碑，故A项正确。]5．WhichcountryisProf.Thorpmostknowledgeableabout?A．France. B．Spain.C．China. D．Tunisia.C[细微环节理解题。依据China'sSacredLandscapes部分中的“DiscovertheChinaof‘pastages，’itswalledcities，templesandmountainscenerywithProf.RobertThorp.”可知，Thorp教授对中国最有探讨，故C项正确。]6．WhichofthefollowinghighlightstheTunisiantour?A．Whitetowns.B．Undergroundcities.C．Tile­roofedvillages.D．Rollinghills.B[细微环节理解题。依据Tunisia部分中的“TourhighlightsincludetheRomancityofDougga...uniqueforundergroundcities.”可知，突尼斯之行的最精彩的部分在地下城，故B项正确。]C(2024·全国卷Ⅰ·A)Washington，D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington，D.C.Duration：3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld­famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington，D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability－andthecherryblossoms－disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration：3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington，D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike，helmet，cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington，D.C.Duration：3hoursMorningorAfternoon，thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD．C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington，D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents，Congress，memorials，andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路途)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration：3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington，D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike，helmet，andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了在华盛顿特区骑自行车观光的四条路途、参观的主要景点和从事的活动。7．Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A．CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington，D.C.B．WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.C．CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington，D.C.D．WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.A[细微环节理解题。依据第一条旅行路途介绍的最终一句“Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear！”可知，选择第一条旅行路途须要提前预订。]8．WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A．Meetfamouspeople.B．Gotoanationalpark.C．Visitwell­knownmuseums.D．Enjoyinterestingstories.D[细微环节理解题。依据第三条旅行路途介绍中的“KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents，Congress，memorials，andparks.”可知，选择这条旅行路途的游客可以在观光过程中听导游讲故事。]9．Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A．Citymaps. B．Cameras.C．Meals. D．Safetylights.D[细微环节理解题。第四条旅行路途是夜间巡游，依据该段介绍的最终一句“Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.”可知，该路途为夜间骑车观光的游客供应反光背心和平安灯。]D(2024·全国卷Ⅱ·D)AnewcollectionofphotosbringsanunsuccessfulAntarcticvoyagebacktolife.FrankHurley'spictureswouldbeoutstanding—undoubtedlyfirst­ratephoto­journalism—iftheyhadbeenmadelastweek.Infact，theywereshotfrom1914through1916,mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck(海难),byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectationofsurvival.Manyoftheimageswerestoredinanicechest,underfreezingwater,inthedamagedwoodenship.TheshipwastheEndurance,asmall,tight,Norwegian­builtthree­masterthatwasintendedtotakeSirErnestShackletonandasmallcrewofseamenandscientists,27meninall，tothesouthernmostshoreofAntarctica'sWeddellSea.FromthatpointShackletonwantedtoforceapassagebydogsled(雪橇)acrossthecontinent.ThejourneywasintendedtoachievemorethanwhatCaptainRobertFalconScotthaddone.CaptainScotthadreachedtheSouthPoleearlyin1912buthaddiedwithhisfourcompanionsonthemarchback.AswriterCarolineAlexandermakesclearinherforcefulandwell­researchedstoryTheEndurance,adventuringwaseventhenathoroughlycommercialeffort.Scott'slastjourney，completedashelayinatentdyingofcoldandhunger,caughttheworld'simagination,andafilmmadeinhishonordrewcrowds.Shackleton,aonetimeBritishmerchant­navyofficerwhohadgottowithin100milesoftheSouthPolein1908,startedabusinessbeforehis1914voyagetomakemoneyfrommovieandstillphotography.FrankHurley,aconfidentandgiftedAustralianphotographerwhoknewtheAntarctic，washiredtomaketheimages,mostofwhichhaveneverbeforebeenpublished.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。1914年到1916年间，一群海员和科学家踏上了南极探险之路。结果他们在回来的路上发生海难，其中一个摄影师在临死之前拍摄了大量的照片，并把照片封存在破损的木船的冰箱里。通过这些照片我们可以了解到那次不太胜利的探险经验。10．WhatdoweknowaboutthephotostakenbyHurley?A．Theyweremadelastweek.B．Theyshowedunderseasceneries.C．Theywerefoundbyacameraman.D．Theyrecordedadisastrousadventure.D[细微环节理解题。由题干中的thephotostakenbyHurley定位到文章其次段开头。该段说这些照片即使是上个星期拍的也堪称佳作，故A项错误；该段中还说照片是在一次海难之后拍的，故D项正确；文章没有说拍摄的是海底景观，故B项错误；拍摄者是摄影师，但没有说是一名摄影师发觉了这些照片，故C项错误。]11．WhoreachedtheSouthPolefirstaccordingtothetext?A．FrankHurley. B．ErnestShackleton.C．RobertFalconScott. D．CarolineAlexander.C[推理推断题。由题干中的“第一个到达南极”这条信息定位到第三段。被发觉的照片所展示的这次旅行是为了获得比RobertFalconScott船长从前的探险更大的收获，该船长在1912年就到达了南极。由此推断RobertFalconScott是最先到达南极的人，故选C项。]12．WhatdoesAlexanderthinkwasthepurposeofthe1914voyage?A．Artisticcreation. B．Scientificresearch.C．Moneymaking. D．Treasurehunting.C[细微环节理解题。题干的Alexander在最终一段出现，the1914voyage指本文谈到的Endurance这艘船的探险，该段开头说，这个作家在她的小说TheEndurance中说，在那时，探险就已经是纯商业活动(athoroughlycommercialeffort)了，因此1914年航行的目的是赚钱(moneymaking)，故选C项。A项“艺术创作”，B项“科学调研”，D项“寻宝”，均未体现。]Ⅰ.写出所给单词的汉语意思1．historicadj.历史闻名的2．landscapen．风景3．permanentadj.许久的4．contemporaryadj.同时代的，当代的5．preservev．爱护6．templen．寺庙7．sceneryn．景色8．exceptionaladj.杰出的9．reserven．预订10．minimumn．最小值11．routen．路途12．woodenadj.木制的13．shoren．海岸14．continentn．大陆15．commercialadj.商业的16．photographyn．摄影Ⅱ.依据所给汉语写出英文单词1．districtn．区，地区2．exhibitionn．展览3．eventn．事务，项目4．wanderv．徘徊5．smoothadj.平滑的6．voyagen．航行，旅行7．imagen．影像8．freezingadj.极冷的Ⅲ.依据所给提示写出派生单词1．impressv．给人留下深刻的印象→impressiveadj.给人印象深刻的2．explorev．探究→explorationn．探究3．availableadj.可用的→availabilityn．可用的人/物4．frequentadj.常见的→frequencyn．频度5．disastern．灾难→disastrousadj.灾难性的6．reasonn．缘由，理由→reasonableadj.合情理的7．expectv．预期→expectationn．期望8．thoroughadj.彻底的→thoroughlyadv.彻底地9．photographn．照片v．拍照→photographern．拍照者；摄影师Ⅳ.依据所给汉语写出惯用习语1．be_home_to是……的家乡2．take_a_tour_of_旅行3．in_advance提前4．in_all总共5．in_one's_honor为向某人表示敬意[即时演练]单句语法填空1．To_preserve_(preserve)naturalhabitats,biologistsexpectedthegovernmenttomakelawsthatwouldarrestcommercialdevelopmentintheseareas.2．Itisfreezing(freeze)outsidenow,andmoresnowisfallingonalreadyfrozenstreets.3．Thankstotheadvanced(advance)technology,weliveinanageofbetteredcommunication.4．Withthestadiumsetup,awiderangeofsportsevents(event)arenowabletobeheld.5．Iwas_wandering_(wander)alongthepavementyesterdaywhensomestrangerscameupandaskedmethewaytothepolicestation.6．Doyouknowthehistoricalbackgroundofthehistoricflight？(history)7．Newly­builtwooden(wood)cottageslinethestreet，turningtheoldtownintoadreamland.8．Inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonortothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient，we'vegot72hoursatmost.9．Theoldtemplewhoseroofwasdamagedinthestormisnowundertheconstruction.Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)1．Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresofcelebratedandaward­winninggardenswithparklandwalk.闻名的2．TheshipwastheEndurance，asmall，tight,Norwegian­builtthree­masterthatwasintendedtotakeSirErnestShackletonandasmallcrewofseamenandscientists,27meninall,tothesouthernmostshoreofAntarctica'sWeddellSea.桅杆Ⅱ.似易实难(将句中黑体词部分译成汉语)1．TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage,walkthroughhishillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthecollectionintheMuseum.[译文]参观他的湖畔小屋，穿过他的山坡花园，探究博物馆里丰富的藏品。2．FromthatpointShackletonwantedtoforceapassagebydogsledacrossthecontinent.[译文]从那个地方，沙克尔顿想用狗拉雪橇的方式强行穿越南极大陆。Ⅲ.困难晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)1．ThoseviewingthequalityofAbbotHall'stemporaryexhibitionsmaybeforgivenforthinkingtheyareinacitygallery.[分析]主语是those，指thosepeople；谓语是maybeforgiven。viewing短语作定语修饰those;theyareinacitygallery则是thinking的宾语从句。[译文]观看阿伯特庄园临时展出的人可能会觉得他们身处市美术馆里，这是情有可原的。2．Scott'slastjourney,completedashelayinatentdyingofcoldandhunger,caughttheworld'simagination,andafilmmadeinhishonordrewcrowds.[分析]本句是and连接的两个并列分句构成。前面分句的主语是Scott'slastjourney,谓语部分是caughttheworld'simagination，completed是过去分词作定语，ashelayinatentdyingofcoldandhunger是状语从句修饰completed。后一个分句的主语是afilm，谓语部分是drewcrowds;madeinhishonor为过去分词短语作定语，修饰film。[译文]斯科特在最终一次旅程结束时，躺在帐篷里啼饥号寒，奄奄一息，这引发了世人的想象力，为向其表达敬意而拍摄的一部电影吸引了大量观众。3．Shackleton,aonetimeBritishmerchant­navyofficerwhohadgottowithin100milesoftheSouthPolein1908,startedabusinessbeforehis1914voyagetomakemoneyfrommovieandstillphotography.[分析]主语是Shackleton,谓语部分是startedabusiness，其后都是状语；主语后面的aonetime...是名词短语作同位语，说明Shackleton的身份，whohadgot...是定语从句，修饰officer。[译文]沙克尔顿曾是英国一名海军军官。1908年，他到达了距南极不到100英里的地方。在1914年出航前，他就已经起先做生意，靠拍摄电影和静物摄影赚钱。1．preservevt.保存；保留n．爱护区(1)preserve...from...爱护……免受……(2)well­preservedadj.保存良好的(3)preservationn．维护；爱护；保养preserveoureyesight爱护我们的视力preservehisreputation维护他的名声preserveendangeredspeciesfromextinction爱护濒危物种不致灭亡naturepreserve自然爱护区[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2024·江苏卷)Hismusicdeservedto_be_preserved(preserve)inthefamily.②Withthelimitednaturalresources,weshouldtakeactiontopreservethemfrombeing_wasted(waste)．[实力提升]——完成句子在这个自然爱护区中，全部的稀有植物都保存良好，两个寺庙也保存得很好。Inthisnature_preserve，alltherareplantsarewell­preserved，andthetwotemplesarealsoinagoodstateofpreservation.2．healthyadj.健康的(1)stay/keephealthy保持健康(2)healthn．健康，卫生(3)healthily健康地ingood/poorhealth身体健康/不健康healthinsurance/care医疗保险physicalandmentalhealth身心健康[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)Sodowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfeelbetter,calmer,healthier(healthy)?②Ahealthy(health)lifeisfrequentlythoughttobeassociatedwiththeopencountrysideandhome­grownfood.[实力提升]——一句多译均衡的饮食和有规律的运动能帮助我们保持身心健康。①Abalanceddietandregularexercisecanhelpuskeep_healthybothphysicallyandmentally.(healthy)②Abalanceddietandregularexercisecanhelpusenjoy_good_healthbothphysicallyandmentally.(health)3．entertainv．款待，款待；使快乐(1)entertainern．艺人entertainingadj.使人开心的(2)entertainmentn．消遣节目；款待；款待theentertainmentbusiness/world消遣业bebusywiththeentertainmentoftheguests忙着款待客人entertainyouwiththemostinterestingstories给你讲最好玩的故事[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Sporthasbecomeanimportantformofentertainment(entertain),appealingtobothmenandwomen.②Heenjoyssingingverymuchandoftenentertains(entertain)peoplewithhissongs.[实力提升]——句式升级一般表达：Healwaystellsusalotofinterestingstoriesandjokes，wefeelpleased.①高级表达：Much_to_our_entertainment，healwaystellsusalotofinterestingstoriesandjokes.(entertainment)②高级表达：Healwaysentertainsuswithalotofinterestingstoriesandjokes,whichwefindveryentertaining.4．equipvt.&vi.配备；装备(1)equip...with...用……装备……beequippedwith装备着……(2)equipmentn．装备；设备(不行数名词)poorly/wellequipped装备简陋/优良well­equippedresearchbuildings设施齐全的探讨大楼[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Weequipstudentswiththeskillstheywillneedoncetheyleavecollege.②Equipped_(equip)withnewscientificfarmingmethods,theyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandtoproducemorecrops.③(2024·江苏卷)Thishasledcompaniesandindividualstodonatemoneytodevelopingcountriestobuycomputerequipment(equip)andinternetfacilities.[实力提升]——句式升级一般表达：Heisequippedwithmuchexperienceinteaching,soheisrespectedbyallhisstudents.①高级表达：Equipping_himself_with_much_experience_in_teaching，heisrespectedbyallhisstudents.(现在分词短语作状语)②高级表达：Equipped_with_much_experience_in_teaching，heisrespectedbyallhisstudents.(过去分词短语作状语)5．achievevt.(凭借努力)达到(目标、地位、标准);完成(1)achievableadj.可以达到/完成的(2)achievementn．达成；成就achieveone'sgoal某人完成目标asenseofachievement一种成就感beproudoftheirchildren'sachievements对孩子们的成果感到骄傲[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Becausesheworkshard,shedeservesto_achieve_(achieve)thegoalofenteringthekeyuniversity.②Evenasmallsuccesscouldalsogiveyouasenseofachievement(achieve)．[实力提升]——一句多译这位女科学家因为取得的那些成就而获得诺贝尔物理学奖。①ThewomanscientistwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsfor_those_achievements.(achievement)②ThewomanscientistwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsfor_what_she_had_achieved.(achieve)6．companionn．同伴，伴侣(1)adinner/travellingcompanion饭友/旅伴(2)companyn．公司；陪伴；来宾forcompany做伴incompanywith与……一起keepsb.company陪伴某人enjoyeachother'scompany享受彼此的陪伴haveoursmartphonestokeepuscompanyatthetable在餐桌上有手机陪伴我们[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Shewassuchagoodtravellingcompanionthatwefeltanythingbuttiredalltheway.②Plantsmakesuchgoodcompanions(companion):theybreathe,theybloom,theyrespondtocareandlove.[实力提升]——一句多译我的挚友比尔和他的新挚友一起来看我。①MyfriendBilliscomingtoseemein_company_withhisnewfriend.(company)②MyfriendBilliscomingtoseemetogether_withhisnewfriend.(together)1．Therearefourfantasticgalleriestovisitfromfinearttointeractivefun,sothere'ssomethingforeveryone!有四个很棒的画廊可以参观，既有精致艺术品也有互动乐趣，来这里每个人都能找到适合自己的！[句型公式]本句运用了therebe句型，表示“有，存在”。there不是主语，句子的真正主语是谓语动词be后面的名词。(1)该句型中的be可以有多种时态，也可以放在情态动词后面，或者用部分不及物动词代替。(2)依据句型中名词的不同，此句型中的名词后面经常用到非谓语动词短语、从句、介词短语等等作补语。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①ThisistheonlyhomeoftheredColobusmonkeybutthereareveryfewleft(leave)．②Thereisnodoubtthatgoodhealthisveryimportantforwhoeverwantstobesuccessfulinhiscareer.③TherewasnothingIcoulddoto_make(make)herhappy,itseemed.[实力提升]——完成句子我们已经没有时间来细致考虑这个问题了。There_has_been_no_time_leftforustothinkovertheproblem.2．Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路途)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.在两个景点之间沿着平整的路途逍遥自由的骑车，会让人觉得骑车旅行轻松好玩。[句型公式]本句运用了“make＋宾语＋宾补”的句型结构。宾补有多种形式，如：(1)makesb.dosth.使某人做某事，被动为bemadetodosth.(2)makesb./sth.done使某人(某事)被……(3)makesb./sth.＋adj./n.使某人(某物)成为……[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Nowadaysparentsdoeverythingfortheirsinglechild,whichmakeshim/herrely(rely)ontheirparentsbadly.②Ifindthatdoingphysicalexerciseacoupleoftimesaweekmakes(make)mefeelmoreenergetic.③Summermakesme(I)fullofenergyandIfeelIhavethestrengthtodothemostdifficultthinginmylife.[实力提升]——完成句子重视你今日正在做的事情，因为你正在为此付诞生命中的一天。Make_what_you're_doing_today_important,_becauseyou'retradingadayofyourlifeforit.夯基固本·学问落实Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空1．Alwaysbearinmindthatyourmaintaskistogetthiscompanyrunningsmoothly(smooth)．2．Makesureyoueathealthily(health)，andgetsomeexercise.3．Ifoundthetalkbothinformativeandentertaining(entertain)．4．Theboypretendedtobeconcentratingonhislesson,butinfacthismindwas_wandering_(wander)．5．Tomwasmadeto_stand(stand)atthefrontoftheclassbecauseofhisbadbehaviour.Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词1．Generallyspeaking，thosewhopayattentiontophysicalexerciseareingoodhealth.2．Itisapleasuretowanderthroughastrangecity.3．Thecourseisdesignedtoequipstudentsforacareerinnursing.4．Thesocietywassetuptopreserveendangeredspeciesfromextinction.5．TheConfuciantemplewasbuiltinhishonor.强技提能·学问应用Ⅰ.阅读七选五(2024·山东临沂二模改编)TherearenowsixfiresburningatemergencylevelsinAustralia.Thesmokeissointenseandsothickthatitcanbeseenfromspace.2,000homeshavebeendestroyed.Sixmillionhectaresoflandcharred，leadingtodeathofthenation'swildlife.1Theserecord­breakingbushfiresinAustraliahavebeenstartedbythefollowing.2Butoneofthebiggestreasonsthey'vebecomesoextreme，isthesamereasonasEastAfrica'sflood.BushfiresinAustraliaareanaturalpartofthecountry'secosystem.3EvenNewSouthWales，withthelargestpopulation，isusedtoblazesbreakingout.In1974，firesburned3.5millionhectares，andin2003，another2millionhectareswerelosttofire.Butthefiresthatstartedin2024areevenworse：4.9millionhectaresinNewSouthWaleshaveburnedalready—andit'sonlygoingtogrow.4Forstarters，astheworldisgettingwarmerfromclimatechange,soisAustralia.2024wasitshottestyearonrecord，withpartsofthecountryreaching45degreesCelsiusinDecember.2024wasalsoitsdriest—theplaceshereingrayhaveseenhistoricdroughts.5Throughouttheyear，otherlarge­scaleclimatedriversaffectAustralia'sweather，anditslikelinesstoburn.OneofthemostinfluentialistheIndianOceanDipole(偶极子)，ortheIOD.TheIODisabigtemperaturegradientthataffectsthesurfacewaterintheIndianOcean，fromtheedgeofAfricatotheedgeofAustralia.A．Thisisjustheartbreaking.B．Sowhyisthisfireseasonsoawful?C．Their“fireseason”variesacrossregions.D．Thefireseasonisawfulbecauseoftheunknownreason.E．Theecosystemofthecountryneedstobeimproved.F．Theyarelightningstrikes，windsandpeoplewhosetfiredeliberately.G．Together，thatprovidestheperfectconditionsforbushfirestostartandspreadquickly.1．A[段尾题，承上总结。A选项意思：这真是令人心碎。依据上文“目前澳大利亚有6处火灾处于紧急状态。烟雾如此剧烈，如此深厚，以至于从太空都能看到。2,000座房屋被毁。600万公顷土地被烧焦，导致该国野生动物死亡。”可知，这次澳大利亚火灾破坏严峻，结果令人心碎。故选A。]2．F[段中题，承接上文。F选项意思：它们是雷击、风和有意放火的人。依据上文“澳大利亚这些破纪录的森林大火是由以下缘由引起的”可知，此句应列举造成澳大利亚大火的缘由。故选F。]3．C[段中句，承上启下。C选项意思：它们的“火灾季节”因地区而异。依据前文“澳大利亚的丛林火灾是该国生态系统的一个自然组成部分。”以及后文“即使是人口最多的新南威尔士州，也习惯于突发火灾。”可知，本句是在说明澳大利亚的火灾频发季节是因地区而不同的。故选C。]4．B[段首句，启下。B选项意思：那么为什么这个火灾季节如此可怕呢？依据后文“首先，随着气候变更导致全球变暖，澳大利亚也在变暖。2024年是有记录以来最热的一年，该国部分地区在12月达到了45摄氏度。2024年也是澳大利亚最干燥的一年——这里灰色区域内的地方经验了历史性的干旱”可知，后文是在描述澳大利亚火灾季节的状况，B项符合文意。故选B。]5．G[段中题，承上总结。G选项意思：全部那些为森林大火的爆发和快速扩散供应了完备的条件。结合上文“首先，随着气候变更导致全球变暖，澳大利亚也在变暖。2024年是有记录以来最热的一年，该国部分地区在12月达到了45摄氏度。2024年也是澳大利亚最干燥的一年——这里灰色区域内的地方经验了历史性的干旱。”可知，正是上述的那些条件促使了森林大火的爆发和快速扩散，本句承接上文进行总结。故选G。]Ⅱ.语法填空InancientChinalivedanartist1.________paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist'sreputationhadmadehimproud.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait(画像)donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir2.________(fine)work，sothathecouldchoosethebest.Theartistwassurehewould3.________(choose)，butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor'schiefminister，theoldmanlaughed.ThewiseoldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver—perhapshecouldlearnalittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.Filledwith4.________(curious)，theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.5.________heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)artist，theysmiledand6.________(point)downtheriver.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout7.________(find)thewell­knownpainter.Asthesmallboatmoved8.________(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds9.________(surround)themountaintops，hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(谦卑)bythegreatestartist10.________earth，MotherNature.【语篇解读】本文讲解并描述了一位中国古代画家找寻最宏大的艺术大师“自然母亲”的故事。1．whose[考查定语从句的引导词。本句主句为倒装句，主语anartist为先行词，后接一个定语从句，空处与其后名词paintings之间构成所属关系，故用whose。]2．finest[考查形容词的最高级。依据句意可知，皇帝吩咐全部知名画家献上他们最好的作品。]3．bechosen[考查动词的被动语态。这位画家确信自己确定会被选中。]4．curiosity[考查词性转换(形容词变名词)。介词with后应运用名词。]5．When/As[考查连词。When/As在句中表示“当……时”。]6．pointed[考查动词的时态。空处与smiled构成并列谓语，故用一般过去时。]7．tofind[考查非谓语动词。setouttodosth.(怀着目标)起先做某事。]8．gently[考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。修饰动词moved应运用副词。]9．surrounding[考查非谓语动词。surroundingthemountaintops作后置定语修饰clouds。]10．on[考查固定搭配。onearth世上。]话题写作Step1.写作要点(依据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子)①作为中国最重要的传统节日，春节是中国农历的第一天，标记着新年的起先。Asthemostimportanttraditionalfestival,theSpringFestivalisthefirstdayinChineselunaryearanditmarks_the_beginning_of_the_new_year.②为庆祝这个节日，各家各户打扫房屋、贴对联、做各种美味的饭菜。In_celebration_of_the_festival,_housesarecleaned,redcoupletsareputonthedoorsandvarious_tasty_dishes_are_prepared.③除夕夜，人们和家人团聚在一起吃年夜饭，并燃放烟花。OnNewYear'sEvepeopleget_together_with_their_familiestoenjoyafeastandset_off_fireworks.④新年期间，人们穿着盛装相互拜年。DuringtheNewYear,peopledress_upandsay“HappyNewYear”toeachother.⑤孩子们特别兴奋得到红包，这是一个追溯到许多年前的传统。Childrenaredelightedatgettingluckymoney,anditisatraditiondating_back_to_many_years_ago.Step2.表达升级(变更所给句子的结构以使表达升级)①用现在分词作定语改写句①As_the_most_important_traditional_festival,_the_Spring_Festival_is_the_first_day_in_Chinese_lunar_year,_marking_the_beginning_of_the_new_year.②用what引导主语从句和which引导定语从句改写句⑤What_makes_children_delighted_is_getting_lucky_money,_which_is_a_tradition_dating_back_to_many_years_ago.Step3.连接成文(利用恰当的过渡连接词语连句成篇)Asthemostimportanttraditionalfestival,theSpringFestivalisthefirstdayinChineselunaryear,markingthebeginningofthenewyear.Incelebrationofthefestival,housesarecleaned,redcoupletsareputonthedoorsandvarioustastydishesareprepared.OnNewYear'sEvepeoplegettogetherwiththeirfamiliestoenjoyafeastandsetofffireworks.DuringtheNewYear,peopledressupandsay“HappyNewYear”toeachother.Inaddition，whatmakeschildrendelightedisgettingluckymoney,whichisatraditiondatingbacktomanyyearsago.读后续写阅读下面材料，依据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasGross'sideatogointoTorngatMountainsNationalParkinCanada'sArctic.Onlyafewhundredpeoplewenttotheparkeachyear，andGrosswantedtobepartofthatclub.Chasedid，too，butsheworriedabouthikinginpolarbearcountry.TwoSierraClubguidesweretheleaders.Gross，the