2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit4Everydayeconomics泛读技能初养成教用文档教案外研版选择性必修第四册

PAGEUnit4Everydayeconomics阅读教材P44－45课文，选出最佳选项1．Whichoneisnotthebenefitofthesharingeconomy?A．Savingmoney.B．Makingmoney.C．Leakingpersonalinformation.D．Makingfriends.2．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthesharingeconomy?A．Subjective. B．Objective.C．Indifferent. D．Neutral.[答案]1－2CBWordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(学问要点1)discriminatev．卑视；区分，辨别[教材P41]However，somepeoplearelessoptimistic，andarguethatitdiscriminatesagainstproducersnotpartoftheGoodDealmovement.然而，一些人不那么乐观，他们认为这是卑视不属于GoodDeal运动的生产者。[例1]Itisillegaltodiscriminateongroundsofrace,sexorreligion.因种族、性别或宗教信仰而实行卑视是非法的。[例2]Anumberoffeaturesdiscriminatethisspeciesfromothers.有些特征使这一物种与其他物种区分开来。[造句]法律绝不卑视穷人偏袒富人。Thelawdoesnotdiscriminateagainstthepoorandinfavouroftherich.[学问拓展]discriminateagainst 卑视；排斥；人身攻击；区分discriminatebetweenAandB＝discriminateAfromB 区分A和Bdiscriminateinfavourofsb. 偏袒某人discriminationn. 卑视；偏袒；区分；识别[即学即练]单句语法填空①Womencomplainthatemployersdiscriminateagainstfemaleworkerswhencalculatingtheirrankandpay.②Itisunfairtodiscriminatebetweenblackpeopleandwhitepeople.③ThePopesaidtherighttofoodwasarightforallhumanbeingswithoutdiscrimination(discriminate)．eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点2)superioradj.(品质、价值)较好的；地位较高地，上级的；(在数量上)占多数的，占优势的；不受……左右的，不屈服的n．长官；长辈；前辈；优越的人[教材P41]ThiskindofCoffeehasspecialfeatures：superior，smoothblend，withmildflavour.这种咖啡的特点是：品质上乘，混合匀称，味道温柔。[例1]Heissuperiortotheotherman.他比另一个男子级别高。[例2]Thatarmywonbecauseofsuperiornumbers.那支军队以人多取胜。[造句]你在这项技术上肯定赛过我。Youmustbesuperiortomeinthisskill.[学问拓展]AissuperiortoB＝A'ssuperioritytoB A高于或好于Bsuperiorityn. 优越；优先权superior用作形容词时，本身含有“较”的意思，故不再有比较级或最高级形式。表示“两者的比较”，用“superiorto”，而不能用“superiorthan”。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thismodelistechnicallysuperiortoitscompetitors.②Hewonthecompetitionwithobvioussuperiority(superior)．eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点3)sorrown．哀痛；哀思；哀痛；难过事；哀痛事v．感到(或表示)哀痛[教材P44]Parentsandteacherskeepremindingustosharetoys，snacks，books，happymemories，andsometimesevensorrowswithothers.家长和老师不断提示我们，要和别人共享玩具、零食、书籍、欢乐的回忆，有时甚至是哀痛。[例1]Itwasatimeofgreatsorrow.这是一个特别哀痛的时刻。[例2]Wordscannotexpressmysorrow.言语无法表达我的哀伤。[造句]听到她的死讯，他表示哀伤。Heexpressedhissorrowatthenewsofherdeath.[学问拓展](1)joysandsorrows 悲欢(2)toone'ssorrow 让某人难过的是moreinsorrowthaninanger 哀痛多于生气(3)sorrowfuladj. 哀痛的[即学即练]完成句子/单句语法填空①Theysaidthatthedecisionwasmademoreinsorrowthaninanger(与其说是出于生气，不如说是出于哀痛)．②Tomysorrowmycarbrokedown.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点4)takeoff(飞机)起飞；起先胜利；脱去(衣服等)；摘掉；匆忙离开；休假[教材P44]Thesharingeconomyistakingoffinallsortsofareas.共享经济正在各个领域蓬勃发展。[例1]Theyneedtoexpandthenumberoffarmerswhoareinvolvedifthescheme'sgoingtoreallytakeoff.这个方案要想真正胜利，他们就须要增加参加的农场主的人数。[例2]In1944，hemetEdithPiaf，andhiscareertookoff.1944年，他结识了伊迪思·比阿夫，从今他的事业起先腾飞。[造句]在第三部电影之后，他的电影表演事业起先有起色了。Afterhisthirdfilm，hiscareeroffilmperformancetookoff.[学问拓展]takesth.away 解除，消退(感情，苦痛等)takesb./sth.back 与……重归于好；收回；带回；使回 想起takedown 写下，登记；拆卸takein 汲取；理解；欺瞒；收留takeon 具有，呈现；担当，担当；雇用takeup 举(拿、捡、拔)起；占据；从事takeover 接管；接任；限制[即学即练]写出下列句中takeoff的含义①Threeplaneswerestandingontherunway，waitingtotakeoff.起飞②Iwishyou'dtakeoffthathatwhenyouareintheclassroom.摘掉③Congratulations，Paulo!Nowmaybeyoucantakeafewdaysoff.休假④Hetookoffbecauseofhisgoodperformance.起先胜利⑤Thesixboysgotintothecarandtookoffforthedrugstore.匆忙离开eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点5)cutdown削减；削减运用；砍倒；夺去……的生命[教材P45]What'smore，sharingencouragesustoreuseitems，therebycuttingdownonwaste.更重要的是，共享激励我们重复运用物品，从而削减奢侈。[例1]Ifyouspendmorethanyourincome，canyoutrytocutdown?假如你入不敷出，可以试着削减开支吗？[例2]Cutdownonanimalfatsfoundinredmeat，hardcheesesandsoon.削减摄入存在于红肉、硬干酪等中的动物脂肪。[造句]汽车制造业缩减了生产量。Thecarindustrycutdownproduction.[学问拓展]cutin 插话；让(某人)共享利润cutup 打伤；使难过cutout 删除；裁剪cutthrough 开拓cutoff 切断；中止；隔绝；剥夺继承权[即学即练]写出下列句中cutdown的含义/单句语法填空①Myunclehasn'tbeenabletoquitsmoking，butatleasthehascutdown. 削减②Thisarticleistoolong，andyouhavetocutitdownto1，000words. 删减③Immediateactionsshouldbetaken，likestoppingcuttingdowntrees，tobettertheenvironment. 砍倒④Hunger，coldandillnesscutdownmanyofthevillagers.夺去……的生命⑤Wewerecutoffinthemiddleofourtelephoneconversationbecausemycellphonewasoutofpower.⑥Itisimpoliteforchildrentocutinwhentheirseniorsaretalking.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点6)casen．详细状况；事例；实例；实情；事实；特别状况；盒子；案例；伤员[教材P45]Asisoftenthecaseallovertheworldwithnewareasofeconomicactivity，thesharingeconomyisdevelopingfasterthanexistingregulationsorongoingsupervision.正如世界各地新的经济活动领域常常出现的状况一样，共享经济的发展速度超过了现有的法规或持续的监管。[例1]Ifthatisthecase(＝ifthesituationdescribedistrue)，weneedmorestaff.假如真是那样，那我们就须要更多的员工了。[例2]Itissimplynotthecasethatprisonconditionsareimproving.监狱条件得到改善的状况绝非事实。[造句]他的钱全部输光，真有其事吗？Isitthecasethathehaslostallhismoney?[学问拓展](1)insb.'scase 就某人的状况而言(2)inthatcase 假如是那样的话incase 以防万一incaseof 要是……，在……的时候thecase 事实inanycase 无论如何；不管怎样[即学即练]写出下列句中case/thecase的含义/单句语法填空/完成句子①Thereisamisbeliefthatpopcorniscalorie­free，butthatisnotthecase. 事实②Theseideascanbetrueincertaincases，butverywronginothers. 状况③Toattractmorevisitors，themuseumdisplayedtheexhibitionsunglasscases. 盒子④Judgingfromthewholeprocess，itwasatypicalcaseofbadmanagement. 案例⑤Fortunately，themostseriouscasesweretreatedatthesceneoftheaccident. 伤员⑥There'snopointcomplainingnow—we'releavingtomorrowinanycase.⑦You'dbettertakethekeysincaseI'mout(以防万一我不在家)．eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点7)expensen．费用；经费；损失，牺牲[教材P45]Somecompaniesaretakingunfairadvantageofthissituationtoexpandtheirshareofthemarket，oftenattheexpenseofmoretraditionalandestablishedcompanies.一些公司正在利用这种不公允的状况来扩大其市场份额，往往以牺牲更多的传统和老牌公司为代价。[例1]IsparenoexpensetocollectthepaintingsbyPicasso.我不惜花费巨资保藏毕加索的画。[例2]Ourexpensesfaroutweighourincome.我们的支出远超我们的收入。[造句]他自己筹措支付全部的学费。Hepaidalltheschoolexpensesbyhimself.[学问拓展]atone'sownexpense 用自费atthepublicexpense 用公费livingexpenses 生活费atanyexpense 不管花多少钱；不管牺牲多大attheexpenseofaperson 用(某人)的费用；麻烦(某人)attheexpenseof 牺牲；付出……的代价expensiveadj. 昂贵的，花钱的itisexpensive＋todo ……是很花钱的[即学即练]单句语法填空①Shegaveaconcertatherbrother'sexpense.②Hesecuredfameandwealthattheexpenseofhishealth.③Itisexpensivetotravel(travel)byplane.段落大意题段落大意类题型多在说明文和争论文中进行考查，这类文章涉及多种话题如社会文化类、科普说明类等。设问形式常有：(1)Whatdoesthelastparagraphtalkabout?(2)Themainideaofthesecondparagraphprobablyis．解题技巧——“首尾兼顾”知段意(1)段首：说明文和争论文中的主题句常在段首句。(2)段尾：先表述细微环节，后归纳概括，段落中心在段尾。[典例]...Meanwhile，thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—“bad”tables，crowding，highprices—don'tnecessarily.Dinersatbadtables—nexttothekitchendoor，say—spentnearlyasmuchasothersbutsoonfled.Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables，”giventhatthey'reprofitable.Asforcrowds，aHongKongstudyfoundthattheyincreasedarestaurant'sreputation，suggestinggreatfoodatfairprices.Anddoublingabuffet'spriceledcustomerstosaythatitspizzawas11percenttastier.★Whatdoestheparagraphtalkabout?A．Tipstoattractmorecustomers.B．Problemsrestaurantsarefacedwith.C．Waystoimproverestaurants'reputation.D．Commonmisunderstandingsaboutrestaurants.D[依据文章第一句“Meanwhile，thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—‘bad’tables，crowding，highprices—don'tnecessarily.”可知，你认为可能会影响人们消费的因素如：不好的桌子、拥挤以及高价等不肯定会影响人们的消费，然后依次举例进行了证明，所以本段主要讲的是人们对于饭店的几个误会，故选D。][对点训练]A...Aseparateconcert，“SongsWeLove”，foundBridgewatersinginglesspoliticallycharged(butstillexciting)farelike“St.JamesInfirmary”，whichappearsonhermostrecentalbum.Inwordsaswellasmusic，thisperiodrevealshowseriouslyBridgewatertakesthatresponsibility，seeingashowitconnectstoherownexperienceinthejazzlineage.Butmaybe“seriously”isn'ttherightwordwhenitcomestoDeeDee，whoseeffervescence(欢腾，活泼)shinesthrougheveninareflectivemood.Joinherhereforawhile；she'sexcellentcompany，nomoreorlesssonowthatmasteryisofficiallyapartofherresume.★Whatdoestheparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Bridgewater'smusictheme.B．Bridgewater'smusicexperience.C．Bridgewater'spersonalcharacters.D．Bridgewater'sgreatachievements.A[段落大意题。依据第一句中的“singinglesspoliticallycharged...”可知，她的歌曲政治味不太剧烈，故本段主要讲了布里姬沃特的音乐主题。]BThereisabreakthroughinbuildingaircraft.Bendablewingscoveredwithoverlapping(部分重叠)piecesresemblingfishsizescouldbeusedtobuildswifter，fuel­efficientaircraft，anewstudyfinds.Nowadays，conventionalaircrafttypicallyrelyonailerons(副翼)tohelpcontrolthewaytheplanestipastheyfly.However，whentheWrightbrothersflewthefirstairplane，Flyer1，overacenturyago，theyusednoaileronsbutwiresandpulleysthattwistedthewood­and­canvaswings，tocontroltheplane.Scientistshavelongso