2024-2025学年高中英语Unit2Workingtheland单元加餐练课时作业含解析新人教版必修4

Unit2Workingtheland单元加餐练Ⅰ.完形填空Allourfoodcomesdirectlyorindirectlyfromsoil.Thesoilwhichisdarkincolourishumus(腐质土).Humusincludesplentyofusefulmaterials__1__fromdeadplantsandwaste__2__fromanimals.Soil__3__itsfood.Ifwedonot__4__itwithany,__5__willnotgrowwellonit.Animal__6__isthebestfoodforsoil,andchemical__7__aregood,too.Achangeofcropeveryyearinthesamesoilwillalsodo__8__.Whensoilistoo__9__，windsblowitaway,andthelandwillsoonlooklikea__10__.Farmerscanpreventthis__11__growingtrees.Thiswillweakenthe__12__ofthewind.Afteraheavyrain,the__13__carriesthehumusdowntotheriver.Thisoftenhappens__14__thefieldsareonthehillsides.Farmerscanleveltheirfieldsandmakethem__15__.Atthebeginningofthe__16__therehavebeenabout7,000__17__peopleonearth.Wenowoughtto__18__everybitofthesoil.__19__，wherewillsuchalarge__20__growtheirfood?本文是一篇说明文。怎样才能让我们赖以生存的土壤更好地为我们服务呢？又怎样才能削减土壤的流失呢？本文将给出答案。1．A.diedB．madeC．broughtD．taken答案：D解析：takenfrom...是过去分词短语作定语，修饰usefulmaterials。2．A.matterB．gasesC．goodsD．rubbish答案：A解析：wastematter废弃物，这里指“(动物的)粪便”。3．A.eatsB．needsC．feedsD．enjoys答案：B解析：土壤“须要”食物，指上文中的deadplants和wastematterfromanimals。4．A.giveB．produceC．supplyD．develop答案：C解析：supply...with...“把……供应应……”。5．A.manB．treesC．plantsD．animals答案：C解析：干脆依靠土壤生存的只有植物，而B项太片面。6．A.bodyB．bloodC．boneD．waste答案：D解析：animalwaste“动物粪便”，即上文提到的wastematter。7．A.poisonsB．fertilizersC．powdersD．medicines答案：B解析：改良土壤的应当是“化肥(chemicalfertilizer)”。poison“毒药，毒物”；powder“粉末”；medicine“药”。只有B项符合语境。8．A.harmB．goodC．helpD．favour答案：B解析：dogood“有好处，有好处”。9．A.lightB．energeticC．dryD．thirsty答案：C解析：当土壤太“干燥(dry)”时，风就会把土壤吹走。10．A.desertB．lakeC．valleyD．plain答案：A解析：因为风把土壤吹走了，所以土地看上去就像“沙漠”。11．A.fromB．byC．offD．with答案：B解析：by表示通过某种方式或手段，后接动词­ing形式作宾语。12．A.noiseB．blowC．speedD．force答案：D解析：通过植树可以减弱风的“力气(force)”，从而防止土壤被风吹走。noise“噪音”；blow“吹”；speed“速度”。13．A.windB．farmerC．treeD．water答案：D解析：大雨过后，“雨水”会把土壤里的腐质土冲到河里。14．A.whereB．inC．toD．that答案：A解析：分析句子可知此处为定语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，where表示地点。15．A.hill­like B．stair­likeC．bottom­like D．gulf­like答案：B解析：农夫可以平整田地，使它们像梯级一样。stair­like“像梯级的”。16．A.periodB．centuryC．historyD．dynasty答案：B解析：atthebeginningofthecentury“在本世纪初”，符合语境。17．A.thousand B．thousandsC．million D．millions答案：C解析：thousand,million等与详细数字连用时，不加­s，故解除B、D两项，依据常识可知选C。18．A.affectB．useC．saveD．share答案：C解析：我们现在应当“节约(save)”每一寸土地。19．A.Otherwise B．HoweverC．Therefore D．Though答案：A解析：otherwise“否则”，符合句意。20．A.peopleB．globeC．populationD．number答案：C解析：用large修饰population，指人口多。Ⅱ.阅读理解I'vealwaysfeltaneedtobepreparedforwhateverthesituationI'vefoundmyselfin.MymotheroncetookmetoastorewhenIwassevenyearsold.SheandIgottothecheckoutcounter,andsherealizedshehadforgottenacoupleofthingsonhershoppinglist.Sheleftmewiththecartandranofftogetwhatsheneeded.“I'llberightback，”shesaid.Shewasgonejustafewminutes,butinthattime,Ihadloadedallthethingsonthebeltandeverythingwasrungup.Iwasleftstaringatthecashier,whowasstaringatme.“Doyouhavemoneyforme,son？”shesaid.“I'llneedtobepaid.”Ididn'trealizeshewasjusttryingtoamuseherself.SoIstoodthere,ashamedandembarrassed.Bythetimemymomreturned,Iwasangry.“Youleftmeherewithnomoney!Thisladyaskedmeforthemoney,andIhadnothingtogiveher！”NowthatI'manadult,you'llnevercatchmewithlessthan$200inmywallet.IwanttobepreparedincaseIneedit.I'vealwaysadmiredpeoplewhoarewell­prepared.Incollege,IhadaclassmatenamedNorman.Onedayhewasgivingapresentationonanoverheadprojector(投影仪)andinthemiddleofhistalk,thelightbulbontheprojectorblewout.Wewouldhavetowaittenminutesuntilsomeonefoundanewprojector.“It'sOK，”heannounced.“There'snothingtoworryabout.”Wewatchedhimwalkovertohisbagandpullsomethingout.Hehadbroughtalongasparebulbfortheoverheadprojector.Whocouldeventhinkofthat?Ioftentoldmystudents,“Whenyougointothewilderness,theonlythingyoucandependoniswhatyoutakewithyou.”Andessentially,thewildernessisanywherebutyourhomeoroffice.Sotakemoney.Packalightbulb.Beprepared.这是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者用自己童年时和高校时的经验说明白一个道理：打有备之战，方能取胜。1．Whydidthecashierasktheauthortopayforthepurchases?A．Becausehewasshoppingbyhimself.B．Becausehismotheraskedhertodoso.C．Becauseshewasplayingajokeonhim.D．Becausehismotherwasawayforsomethingelse.答案：C解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Ididn'trealizeshewasjusttryingtoamuseherself”可知，这位收银员在和作者开玩笑，故选C项。2．Whywastheauthorangrywithhismother?A．Hismotherlefthimalone.B．Helostfaceinfrontofthecashier.C．Hismotherforgottobuysomething.D．Hehadjustquarreledwiththecashier.答案：B解析：推理推断题。依据其次段中的“SoIstoodthere,ashamedandembarrassed”可知，当作者意识到自己没有钱去结账的时候，他感到尴尬和难为情。由此可推知，下文他对母亲生气是因为他感到很丢面子。故选B。3．WhydidNormanbringasparebulbwithhim?A．Hewasalwayswell­prepared.B．Hispresentationwasaboutbulbs.C．Heknewtheclassroomequipmentwasofpoorquality.D．Hepredictedthebulbontheprojectorwouldblowout.答案：A解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“I'vealwaysadmiredpeoplewhoarewell­prepared”可知，Norman是一个有打算的人。4．Whatdothetwostoriesinthepassagetellus?A．Accidentshappenalmosteveryday.B．Moneyisthekeythatopensalldoors.C．Infairweatherprepareforthefoul.D．Chancesfavorthosewhoarewell­prepared.答案：C解析：推理推断题。文中的两个故事都讲解并描述了应提前做好打算、有备无患的道理，因此选C。“Infairweatherprepareforthefoul”意为“有备无患”。Ⅲ.读后续写阅读下面材料，依据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Weneverknowthedifferencewemightmakeifwetakethetimetoencouragesomeone.IgaveuptheideaofbeingawriterthesummerbeforeIstartedcollege.I'dbeenwritingsinceIwasfiveyearsold.Mylittlefriendswantedtoysthatyear.Iwantedpaper.Childhoodpassedandaboxofshortstoriesgavewaytomymiddleschooldays.IwroteforamagazineandbythetimeIwasineighthgrade,halftheannualpublicationwaswrittenbyme.SometimesI'ddreamwithmyparentsaboutbeinganovelist,writingbooksthateveryonemightread.Mydadwasalwayssureitwouldhappen.Hewouldreadoneofmypoemsorstoriesandhistearswouldwellup.“That'sbeautiful,honey，”he'dtellme.“Onedaypeoplefromallovertheworldwillknowwhatagiftyouhave.”Thosewordsencouragedmethroughhighschooltokeepbelievingthatwritingwasmycalling.Butsomewherealongtheway,duringthemonthsofmysenioryear,Ibecamedisappointed.Thecrazyinjusticeinthisworld—badguysgettingbackoutonthestreetanddoingharmagainandagain—changedmymind.“I'mgoingtobealawyer，”Itoldmyparents.Mydad'sfacefell,buthekepthissmile.“Whateveryoudo,you'llbebrilliantatit，”hesaid.Oneofmyfirstclassesatcollegewasjournalism.Afewweeksintotheterm,theprofessor,BobScheibel,assignedusastoryaboutanapartmentfire.Hegaveusthefactsandwehadafewdaystowriteanewsstory.Irememberturninginthatfirstpaper,surethatIhadthefactsright.Ididn'texpectmuchfeedback(反馈).Butafewdayslater,BobScheibelaskedmetotalktohimafterclass.Questionsracedthroughmymind.WhathadIdonewrong?HadIgotthefactsmixedup?DidImisssomethingcriticalinthedetails?Bythetimetheclasswasover,Ifoundmyselfinfrontoftheprofessor.Hiseyesmetminewithgreatseriousness.答案Paragraph