高考英语创新人教版讲义必修五Module1

Ⅰ.重点单词—识记·联想·运用[会书写]一、核心单词1.queuevi.排队(等候)2parevt.比较3.presentvt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)4.attemptn.努力；尝试5.lookn.外观；外表；样子6.criticise/criticizevt.批评二、阅读单词1.linguistn.语言学家2.omitvt.省略3.remarkn.评论；讲话4.distinctiveadj.与众不同的5.standardadj.标准的三、拓展单词1.obviousadj.显然的，显而易见的→obviouslyadv.显然地；显而易见地2.confusingadj.令人困惑的；难懂的→confusedadj.感到困惑的→confusevt.使困惑→confusionn.困惑3.varietyn.种类→varyv.不同→variousadj.各种各样的4.differvi.不同，有区别→differencen.区别→differentadj.不同的→differentlyadv.不同地5.settlern.移民；定居者→settlev.定居；停留；解决；在(某国等)殖民→settlementn.定居点；解决；殖民过程6.steadilyadv.不断地；持续地→steadyadj.持续的，稳定的7.rapidlyadv.迅速地→rapidadj.迅速的8.announcementn.声明；宣告→announcev.声明；宣告9.addvt.加；增加→additionn.加法，加，附加→additionaladj.另外的，附加的10.simplifyvt.简化→simpleadj.简单的→simplyadv.简单地；仅仅11binationn.组合；结合→binev.结合12.referencen.参考；查阅→referv.查阅；提到；涉及(to)[会积累]1.含att形近词集锦①attemptv.&n.企图，试图②attendv.出席；上(学)；照料③attractvt.吸引④attachvt.使依附；贴上；系上⑤attackv.&n.攻击；抨击⑥attainvt.达到，实现；获得2.－ist后缀，表示“……人”①linguistn.语言学家②scientistn.科学家③touristn.游客④chemistn.化学家⑤physicistn.物理学家3.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词的过去式和过去分词要双写该辅音字母，再加ed①admit→admitted→admitted②prefer→preferred→preferred③refer→referred→referred4.“评论”单词知多少①mentn.评论；意见；批评②remarkn.评论③reviewn.回顾；复习；评论④criticismn.批评；批判5.－ly构成副词的后缀①steadilyadv.不断地；持续地②rapidlyadv.迅速地③gentlyadv.温柔地④truly/reallyadv.真正地[会应用]用所给词的适当形式填空1.Theconfusedlookonherfaceshowedshewasconfusedbytheconfusingquestion.(confuse)2.Fromtheappearance,wecannottellthedifferencesbetweenthetwins,thoughtheyalwayshavesomedifferentideas.Asforthisphenomenon,ideasdifferamongmanypeople.(differ)3.Hemadesimpleremarksonherremarkableachievements.(remark)4.Afterhewascriticisedbythecritic,herealizedthatcriticismwasveryimportant.(criticise)5.Thebookexplainsgrammarsimplyandclearly,becausetheauthorusedsimpleexamplesentencestosimplifyabstractconcepts.(simple)6.Hisgenerousdonationfilledourneedforadditionalfunds,andinaddition,__itencouragedmoreandmorepeopletogiveahand.(add)Ⅱ.核心短语—识记·联想·运用[会书写]1.have...in_mon有相同的特点2.make_a_difference有影响，使不相同3.get_around四处走动(旅行)4.be_similar__to与……相似5.have_difficulty_(in)_doing_sth做某事有困难6.leadto引起；导致7.infavourof同意；支持8.referto...as...称……为……9.thanksto幸亏，多亏10.pickup学会；拾起；收听(广播)；(用车)接人；好转[会积累]1.“make＋a＋n.”短语荟萃①makeareservation预定②makeadifference有影响，有区别③makeacontribution贡献④makeamistake犯错误⑤makeanoise发出噪音2.“be＋adj.＋to”结构小结①besuperiorto比……优越/年长②beseniorto...比……年长/资历深③bejuniorto...比……年轻/资历浅④beinferiorto...次于……；不如……⑤besimilarto与……相似⑥befamiliarto为……所熟悉[会应用]选用上表左栏短语填空1.Nothavingagoodsenseofdirection,IalwaystakeamapalongwheneverIget__aroundinthecity.2.Asweallknow,drivingtoofastanddrunkdrivingcanlead__toalotofaccidents.3.Whenaskedabouttheiropinionabouttheschoolmaster,manyteacherswouldprefertoseehimstepasidein__favor__ofyoungermen.4.Theyarenowingreatneedofhelp.Soyoursupportwillcertainlymake__a__difference.5.Thanks__tomodernscienceandtechnology,peopleleadamorefortableandricherlife.6.It’ssurprisingthatyourbrotherpicked__upRussiansoquickly—hehasn’tlivedthereverylong.Ⅲ.经典句式—分析·背诵·仿写句型公式1：while作并列连词，表示对比，意为“而，然而”。[教材原句]Americansuseaflashlight,whilefortheBritish,it’satorch.美国人把手电筒称为flashlight，而英国人叫它torch。[句型仿写]Mybrotherisfondofplayingchess，while__I__enjoy__playingfootball__and__basketball.我哥哥喜欢下棋，而我喜欢踢足球和打篮球。句型公式2：havedifficulty(in)doingsth“做某事有困难”。[教材原句]ALondonerhasmoredifficultyunderstandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。[句型仿写]Forlackofindependence,moststudentshave_difficulty(in)_adapting_tocollegelifeatpresent.由于缺乏独立，目前大部分学生很难适应大学生活。句型公式3：“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构，意为“发现……处于某种状态”。[教材原句]However,ifyouturnonCNN,theAmericanTVnetwork,youfindnewsreadersandweatherforecastersallspeakingwithdifferentaccents.然而，如果你打开美国电视网络节目CNN，你会发现新闻播报员和天气预报员操着不同的口音。[句型仿写]Weturnedaroundandfound__the__little__girl__strugglinginthelake,cryingforhelp.我们转过身来时发现小女孩在湖中挣扎，大声呼救。Ⅳ.语篇填空—回顾·补全·热诵根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。BritishEnglish1.differs(differ)fromAmericanEnglishinmanyways.Themostobviouswayisinthevocabulary.Sometimes,thesamewordhasa2.slightly(slight)differentmeaning,whichcanbe3.confusing__(confuse).Besides,therearesomedifferencesingrammar,spellingandpronunciationbetweenthetwovarieties,4.whichsometimesmakespeoplefromdifferentplaceshave5.difficulty(difficult)inunderstandingeachother.Despitethedifferences,theystillhavemuch6.inmon,andmunicationsacrosstheAtlantic7.have__developed(develop)steadily，whichhasledtothem8.moving__(move)closer.Thoughthereseemtobemany“Englishes”andpeoplespeakEnglishwithdifferent9.accents(accent),usersofEnglishwillallbeabletounderstandeachother，10.wherevertheyare.[核心词汇]1.differvi.不同，有区别(1)differfrom＝bedifferentfrom与……不同differin＝bedifferentin在……方面不同differwithsbabout/onsth关于某事与某人意见不同(2)differencen.不同；区别makeadifference有影响；重要，要紧tellthedifferencebetween...and...区分……与……的差别①Thisbookdiffersfromthatoneinthewritingstyle.这本书和那本书的写作风格不同。②Onlywhenwematchourwordswithactionscanwemakeadifference(different)inwhateverwehopetoacplish.只有言行一致我们才能在希望完成的任何事情上有所作为。2.attemptn.努力；尝试；企图vt.试图；企图(1)makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth试图做某事atone’s/thefirstattempt第一次尝试(2)attempttodo/atdoingsth试图做某事(3)attemptedadj.未遂的①Theonlytimethatweattemptedto__do(do)somethinglikethatwasinthecityofPhiladelphia.我们唯一一次试着做那样的事是在费城。②Wemadeanattemptto__leave(leave)forcamping,butwerestoppedbyourteacher.我们想去野营，但被我们的老师拦住了。3.confusingadj.令人困惑的；难懂的(1)confusevt.使困惑；使难于理解confuseAwith/andB把A和B混淆(2)confusedadj.感到困惑的，感到难懂的be/get/beeconfusedat/about对……感到困惑(3)confusionn.困惑；混乱；混淆inconfusion困惑地；乱七八糟①Sometimesthesamewordhasaslightlydifferentmeaning，whichcanbeconfusing(confuse).(教材原句)有时，同一个单词有稍微不同的意思，这会令人迷惑。②Feelingveryconfused(confuse)，thelittlegirllookeduptheinformationinthebooktofindouttheanswer.这个小女孩感到非常困惑，于是她从书上查找资料以找到答案。③Theylookedatmeinconfusion(confuse)anddidnotanswerthequestion.他们困惑地看着我，没有回答问题。4parevt.比较；匹敌；比喻；相比n.比较(1)pare...with/to...把……和……相比较pare...to...把……比作……paredto/with...和……相比(通常作状语)(2)beyond/withoutpare无与伦比，举世无双(3)parisonn.比较；对照；比喻inparisonwith与……相比①Manyparentslikeparingtheirownchildrenwiththeirfriends’children.许多父母喜欢拿自己的孩子和朋友的孩子进行比较。②Ateacherisoftenparedtoacandle.That’sbecausetheirdevotiontoworkisbeyond__pare.老师常被喻为蜡烛。那是因为他们对工作的奉献精神是无与伦比的。③Itseemedasmallchallengepared(pare)withtheoneIhadexperienced.与我经历过的相比，这看起来似乎是一个小挑战。5.presentvt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)；呈现；赠送，颁发，介绍adj.出席的，在场的；现在的，当前的n.礼物；目前[一词多义]写出下列句中present的词性和含义①Thepanypresentedamedaltohimonthedayheretired.v.颁发②Thepresentsituationistakingaturnforthebetter.adj.当前的③Howmanypeoplewerepresentatthemeetingyesterday？adj.出席的④Thesenoteswillremindyouhowtopresentyourideas.vt.陈述；提出⑤Wheneveryoubuyapresent，youshouldthinkaboutitfromthereceiver’spointofview.n.礼物(1)presenteq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(sbwithsth,sthtosb))向某人赠送某物(2)bepresentat出席……(3)atpresent＝atthepresenttime目前，现在forthepresent目前；暂时⑥At__present，moreandmorepeopleareenjoyingSing!China.现在，越来越多的人喜欢《中国新歌声》。⑦I’llleavemybicyclebehind.Idon’tneeditfor__the__present.我要把自行车留下来，我暂时不需要它。[名师指津]present用作形容词，表示“在场的”时，通常作表语或后置定语；表示“现在的”时，常作前置定语。6.have...inmon有相同的特点(1)havealot/much/agreatdealinmonwith与……有很多共同之处havenothing/littleinmonwith与……没有/很少有共同之处(2)inmonwith与……一样(3)monsense常识①Althoughtheyaregoodfriends,theyhavelittleinmonwitheachother.尽管他们是好朋友，但是他们几乎没有共同之处。②In__mon__withothermiddle－agedpeopleIlikejogginginthemorning.与其他中年人一样，我喜欢早上慢跑。③Anyonewithmon__senseisabletomaketherightdecisionwhenfacingthesituation.当面对这种情况时，任何有常识的人都会做出正确决定。7.leadto引起，导致，通向leadsbtodosth使某人做某事leadsbto...带领某人前往……，使某人得出(观点)leada...life过着……的生活leadtheway引路，带路①Questioningcanleadtosearching(search)forananswer.质疑可以导致寻找答案。②InclassIwilldividethestudentsintosmallgroupsandleadthemto__practise(practise)speakingEnglishinaninterestingway.(天津卷·满分作文)在课堂上我会把学生分成小组，用有趣的方法让他们练习说英语。③Hedecidedtolead/live__a__new__lifeaftertheunusualexperience.在这次不平常的经历过后，他决定过一种新的生活。[名师指津]leadto中的to是介词，后接名词、代词或动词－ing形式。表示导致的短语还有：resultin,contributeto,bringabout等。[重点句型]ALondonerhas__more__difficulty__understandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。difficulty前可用some,any,no,little等词来修饰。表示“做某事有困难”还有如下结构：havetroublewithsthhavetrouble/problems/ahardtime(in)doingsthThere’sdifficulty/troubleeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(withsth.,（in）doingsth.))①Theexpertsaretryingtofindoutthereasonwhymanyteenagershavedifficultymunicating(municate)withtheirparents.专家们正在努力地弄清楚许多青少年和父母交流有困难的原因。②Wheneverwehavetroublewithourstudies,ourteachersalwayshelpuspatiently.每逢我们在学习上遇到困难，老师总是耐心帮助我们。[名师指津]在考查句型havedifficulty(in)doingsth时，difficulty往往提前作为主句中的先行词，后面成为havedoing形式。③Youcan’timaginewhatgreatdifficultywehaveeverhaddealing(deal)withtheproblems.你想象不到我们处理这些问题时所遇到的巨大困难。[当堂达标]Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Themanwhothoughtofbining(结合)agasenginewithwheelswastheinventoroftheautomobiles.2.ItissaidthatAustralianscientistsaremakingfreshattempts(尝试)atexplainingclimatechange.3.Hesimplified(简化)thestorysothatthechildrencouldunderstandbetter.4.ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversitieshasbeenrisingsteadily(持续地)since1990.5.Asthefamousexpertremarks(谈论),thesecretofhappinessistothinkaboutpositivethingsandstayoptimistic.6paring__(比较)Tomwithotherathletes,youwillfindthatTomhastheperfectbodyshapeforaswimmer.7.Itisobvious(显而易见的)thatsheisverycleverbecauseshecanworkoutsuchadifficultproblem.8.Herletterwassoconfusing(令人困惑的)thatIcouldhardlymakeanysenseofit.9.Allvarieties(种类)ofgoodsfordailyuseareavailableintheshoppingmall.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Youcanhardlyimaginethedifficultythewomanhadbringing(bring)upherchildren.2.Thisisademandingjobandasmallmistakecanmakeagreatdifference(differ).3.Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothersdon’thaveenough.4.WangYaping’slecturemakesiteasierforusto__understand(understand)thelawsofphysics.5.Studentsshouldbeencouragedto__present(present)theirownopinions,whetherrightorwrong.6.Iattemptedto__get(get)intouchwiththembutwithoutsuccess.7.Anyonefoundtrying(try)totakeknivesonboardflightswouldbecaughtbythepolice.8.Thewriter’swritingstylewaswhatpeopleremarkedon/uponmostatthemeeting.Ⅲ.单句改错1.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,causedseriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.caused→causing__2paredautumnwithotherseasons,Ilikeitbetterpared→paring3.Inmontomanyotherboys,helikesputergames.to→with4.Thanktoyourhelp,wesucceededinsolvingthetoughproblem.Thank→Thanks5.Jimhadpreparedcarefullyforhisphysicstestsothathecouldbesureofpassingitinthefirstattempt.in→atⅣ.一句多译/句型转换1.把她和他的工作比较一下，就会发现她的好得多。①pared__to/with__his__work，her__work__is__much__better.(过去分词短语作状语)②paring_her_work_with__his_work，you’ll__find__hers__is__much__better.(现在分词短语作状语)③pare_her_work_with_his_work，and_you’ll_find_hers_is_much_better.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)2.英式英语和美式英语在很多方面有区别。①BritishEnglishdiffers__fromAmericanEnglishinmanyways.(differ)②BritishEnglishis__different__fromAmericanEnglishinmanyways.(different)③Therearedifferences__betweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.(difference)3.Heattemptedatpassingtheexam,buthefailedintheend.→Hemadeanattemptatpassing/topasstheexam,buthefailedintheend.(attemptn.)4.Everyoneinthiscityknewhim,sowefoundhishousewithoutdifficulty.→Everyoneinthiscityknewhim,sowehadnodifficultyfindinghishouse.5.OnTeachers’Day,mystudentspresentedmewithsomeflowers.→OnTeachers’Day,mystudentspresentedsomeflowerstome.[课下作业]A(2018·贵州普通高等学校招生适应性考试)WhenIwasincollege，IspentasemesterstudyingabroadattheUniversityofStrathclydeinGlasgow，Scotland.Inmybrieftimethere，IcametoloveScotlandforitslocalculture，foodandscenery.Youmightthink，“Scotlandisn’tsodifferentfromtheU.S.；theystillspeakEnglishthere！”ButwhenIsteppedofftheplane，Iwasgreetedbyagruff－voiced(声音粗哑的)ladyatcustoms.“You’llbeingfromAmerica，then？”Sheaskedme，andInodded.“ButallofourguysareleavingGlasgowfortheStates！”HerthickScottishEnglishandsenseofhumorwereobviousrightaway.IwasnotintheU.S.anymore，wherecustomsagentsneverjokearound.AsIsettledinattheuniversity，Icouldfeelmyselfgettingusedtohearing—andevenspeaking—theScottishEnglishofmycustomsagent.Inclassroomdiscussions，peoplewouldsay“em”whentheycouldn’tthinkofwhattosayinsteadof“um”，whichwasgreatfun.Afterthefirstfewweeks，Istoppedchucklingaboutthis.Strathclydestudentsstayeduplateintothenight，runningaroundcampusandshouting，“Go！Lat’sgo，lat’sgo，lat’sgo(curseword)Glasgow！”Prettysoon，Iwasnolongersaying“thanks”atthesupermarket—instead，Isaid“cheers”.MyScottishfriendsdrankwhiskeyandatehaggis(羊杂碎布丁).IdrankplentyofwhiskeybutIwasashamedtoadmitthatIwasn’tbraveenoughtotryhaggis.Scottishbakeriesusuallysellbridies(肉馅饼).Addacupoftea—thoughIusuallyAmericanizeditbychoosingcoffeeinstead—andabridiemakesforadeliciousbreakfast.EverytimeItookatrainanywhereinScotland，I’dgazeoutattherollinghillsandwonderifgrasswasgreenerthananywhereelseintheworld.ThenI’dreflectthatthere’sareasonthiscountrywasthebirthplaceofgolf.【语篇导读】本文介绍了“我”在苏格兰学习期间的体验：居民友好，食物独特，景色优美，苏格兰英语与美式英语有区别。1.Whatdidtheauthorthinkoftheladyatcustoms?A.Impolite. B.Friendly.C.Serious. D.Calm.答案B[推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，作者认为她的苏格兰英语和幽默用得恰到好处，而美国的海关工作人员却从来不跟人开玩笑；据此可推断，作者认为这位在海关工作的女士是友好的，故B项正确。]2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“chuckling”inParagraph3mean?A.Talkingloudly. Bparing.C.Laughingquietly. D.Hearing.答案C[词义猜测题。根据第三段中的第二、三句并结合“Prettysoon,I...said‘cheers’.”可推知，在教室讨论时，“我”发现他们的发音很有趣，几周后，“我”适应了他们的发音，所以不再偷笑。故画线词意为“偷笑”，C项正确。]3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.ToexplainwhyScotlandisfamousforgolf.B.TopromotethedevelopmentofScottishcateringtrade.C.Tointroducedifferentpronunciationsof“em”and“um”.D.TosharehisexperiencesinScotlandasanexchangestudent.答案D[写作意图题。通读全文并结合第一段第二句可知，本文旨在和读者分享“我”在苏格兰做交换生期间所感受到的苏格兰文化、美食和美景，故D项正确。]B(2018·新疆普通高考第二次适应性检测)AWaytoMakeYourOld,SlowputerLike－NewAgainIsyourputerpainfullyslow?Haveyouconsideredbuyinganewfasterputerbutthepriceofevenabasiconediscouragesyou?Well,fortunately,there’sanewdevicethathasrecentlyhitthemarketandit’sabsolutelygivingold,slowputerslightning－fastspeedagain.Theclevernewdeviceissavingpeoplehundreds(eventhousands)butthebigputerpaniesaren’thappyaboutit!*WhatIsIt?It’scalledXtra－PCandifyouhaveanold,slowputer,itisexactlywhatyou’vebeenwaitingfor.Xtra－PCisasmallthumbdriveyousimplyplugintoyourputer’sUSBportanditinstantlytransformsyouroldputertoalike－newone.Itworkswithanyputer(MacorWindows)laptop,desktop,andnetbooksmadein2004orlater.*HowDoesItWork?Supereasy!Allyouhavetodois...*PlugItIn—SimplyplugXtra－PCintoaUSBportwhileyourputeristurnedoff.*TurnYourputerOn—SelectbootfromUSBandbingo,you’regoodtogo.*EnjoytheNewPC—Inlessthan15minutes,you’llbeshockedatthedifferenceintheperformanceofyourputer.*WhatCanIDowithMyLike－Newputer?*Surftheweb*Shareonsocialmedia*Writeemails*Watchvideos*Playgames*Safelyshoponline*Andmore!*HowMuchIsThisGoingtoCostMe?Thisisnotajoke.Xtra－PCisonly$24.99!Andtheyoffera30－daymoneybackguarantee.TherehonestlyisnogoodreasonnottotryXtra－PC.YoucangetXtra－PCdirectfromthepany’swebsite.Makesuretobuyitfromtheofficialsiteastherearemanyknockoffsonthemarkettoday.【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了一款让老而慢的电脑焕然一新的设备。4.ThebigputerpaniesareunhappywithXtra－PCmainlybecause________.A.peoplewillneverbuyanyputerB.itwillprobablyaffecttheirprofitsC.itmakesputersfasterandmoreaffordableD.it’sanewtypeofputerwithcreativedesign答案B[推理判断题。根据第一部分的最后一句可知，这个新设备会使人们省钱，因此会影响大型电脑公司的利润，故选B。]5.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutXtra－PC?A.Youshouldturnonyourputerwhenpluggingitin.B.Youshouldreturnitoveramonthtogetyourmoneyback.C.Youcanuseittochangeanyoldputerintoanewone.D.Youcanimprovetheperformanceofyouroldputerwithit.答案D[细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句可知，有了这个新设备，老电脑的运行速度能大大加快，与文中的“EnjoytheNewPC—Inlessthan...”呼应，故选D。]6.Theunderlinedword“knockoffs”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans________.A.cheapcopiesofawell－knownproductB.illegalwebsitesthatcheatpeopleC.falsemessagesontheInternetDpanieswithabadreputation答案A[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，要去官网买此设备，其原因是因为市场上有许多廉价仿冒品，故选A。]7.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A.tellreadershowtospeedupyourputerB.encouragereaderstobuyanewdeviceC.introduceanewinventiontoreadersD.explaintoreadershowXtra－PCworks答案C[写作意图题。根据本文的整体内容可知，本文主要介绍了一款可以使老电脑焕然一新的设备，由此可知，本文主要是向读者介绍这款新产品，故选C。]C(2018·重庆调研推测二)Astheworldbeesmoreconnected,thenumberofpeoplelivingoutsidetheirhomecountryisontherise.Tofindoutwhatmakesexpats(移民)happyintheirnewhometown,theglobalmunitynetworkInterNationsrecentlyconductedtheirannualExpatInsidersurvey.InMalta,warmweatherandnearnesstoEuropearethebigdrawsforthisMediterraneannation.Theclimateleadstoaslowerpaceoflife.“Someshopshavea‘siesta’earlyintheafternoon,andmanypeoplenoticeslowserviceattherestaurants，”saidanInterNationsConsulfromRome.“Iremembersittingatatablearound8p.m.onceandleavingatmidnight!Weonlyhadastarterandonemain.”InEcuador,friendlypeople,affordablehealthcar