安徽省阜阳市太和县太和中学2023-2024学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题

太和中学高一下学期第四次教学质量检测英语考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：人教版必修第一册至必修第三册。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthebluedress?A.It'ssmall.B.It'slarge.C.It'scostly.2.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Stayathome.B.Seeadoctor.C.Gorunning.3.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hedancesverywell.B.Heoftengiveslessons.C.Hehasakid.4.Howmanybooksdidthemanreadlastyear?A.Four.B.Six.C.Eight.5.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inanoffice.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fatheranddaughter.7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Awriter.C.Ababy.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WheredoestheAmazonRiverstart?A.InPeru.B.InSudan.C.InBrazil.9.Whatisthemandoing?A.Havingawalk.B.Readingastory.C.Attendingaclass.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wholeftaphonemessage?A.Mr.Morris.B.Mr.Green.C.Mr.Black.11.WhichisProfessorGreen'sroomnumber?A.119.B.114.C.144.12.Whatisthemanlikelytodo?A.Canceltheservice.B.Makeaphonecall.C.Changehisroom.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewoman?A.Anengineer.B.Amanager.C.Areporter.14.Whenwillthenewbuildingbepleted?A.Inthreemonths.B.Intwomonths.C.Inonemonth.15.Whatdoesthemanbadlyneed?A.Somemoney.B.Spaciousrooms.C.Skilledworkers.16.Whatdoesthemansayabouttheinterview?A.Itiseasy.B.Ittakestime.C.Itisrelaxing.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatdidMozartstarttodoattheageoffive?A.Createmusic.B.Playthepiano.C.Holdaconcert.18.WhydidMozartliveapoorlife?A.Hemadelittlemoney.B.Hiswifespenttoomuch.C.Hesupportedabigfamily.19.Whatdoesthespeakermeanattheendofthetalk?A.Themusicianisgifted.B.Theaudienceisnoisy.C.Themusicistooloud.20.Whereisthespeaker?A.Inacinema.B.Inalibrary.C.Inaconcerthall.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheDayoftheDeadcelebrationsareagreattimetohonourthedead.Here’swheretostaytoexperiencethem.MexicoCity,MexicoOnNovember4,aparadestartswiththousandsofdancers.“ThebestplacetowatchtheparadeisfromaterraceonthePaseodeReforma,whereyoucanseethedancersandcoloursfromabove,”saysKarlaGonzalez,directoroftheMexicoCitytourismboard.Oaxaca,MexicoThissouthernMexicocityisknownforcandlelitcemeteriesontheDayoftheDead,andparadeswithdancersintheJalatlaconeighborhood.“Thecitydoesn’tsleepforthreedays,”sayslocaltourguideGabrielSánchez.HetakesgueststothecemeteryinSantaMariaAtzompa,avillagethreemilesfromOaxacaCity,wherethefamiliesgoalloutwithcandlesandflowers.SanDiego,CaliforniaThefirstEuropeansettlement(定居点)inSouthernCalifornia,OldTownSanDiegoisasevenblockstateparkwithshopfrontsdatingbacktothe18thcentury.It’salsothesiteofalongrunningDayoftheDeadcelebration,withacraftsmarketandacandlelitparadetotheElCampoSantoCemeteryonNovember2,whichdatesto1849.SanAntonio,TexasThissouthTexascitywasonceapartofMexico,knownforitsexcitingDayoftheDeadcelebrations.Indowntown’sHemispherePark,thefestivalbringsaparadeofboatslitwithbrightlightsontheRiverWalkontheeveningofOctober27.YoucanalsoseeafamoustouristdrawonthesouthbankoftheSanAntonioRiver.1.WhendoestheparadetakeplaceinMexicoCity?A.OnOctober10. B.OnOctober27. C.OnNovember2. D.OnNovember4.2.WhatcanyoudoinOldTownSanDiegoonthefestival?A.SwimintheRiverWalk. B.Jointhecandlelightparade.C.AdmireHemispherePark. D.Exploretheuniquerainforest.3.Wherecanyouenjoyaparadeofboatsatnighttoexperiencethefestival?A.InSanAntonio. B.InMexicoCity. C.InSanDiego. D.InOaxaca.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个可以体验亡灵节庆祝活动的地方。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据MexicoCity,Mexico中“OnNovember4,aparadestartswiththousandsofdancers.(11月4日，一场由数千名舞者组成的游行开始)”可知，墨西哥城的游行开始于11月4日。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据SanDiego,California中“It’salsothesiteofalongrunningDayoftheDeadcelebration,withacraftsmarketandacandlelitparadetotheElCampoSantoCemeteryonNovember2,whichdatesto1849.(这里也是长期的亡灵节庆祝活动的举办地，11月2日有工艺品市场和烛光游行，前往1849年的ElCampoSanto公墓)”可知，节日期间你可以在圣地亚哥老城参加烛光游行。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据SanAntonio,Texas中“Indowntown’sHemispherePark,thefestivalbringsaparadeofboatslitwithbrightlightsontheRiverWalkontheeveningofOctober27.(10月27日晚上，在市中心的半球公园，人们会在河边步行街上举行灯光明亮的船只游行)”可知，晚上你可以在圣·安东尼奥欣赏游船游行来体验这个节日。故选A。BGooglecofoundersLarryPageandSergeyBrinbegantodeclareverystrangeplanseveryAprilFool’sDaynotlongafterstartingtheirpanymorethanaquartercenturyago.Oneyear,theypostedajobopeningforaCopernicusresearchcenteronthemoon.Usually,theirideasweresoabsurdthatpeoplelearnedtolaughthemoffasanotherexampleofjoke.That’showtheirplanaboutGmailwasreceivedwhenitwasmadepublic20yearsagoonAprilFool’sDay.Theysaiditwouldbeafreeemailservicethatwouldstoreabout13,500emailseachaccountbeforerunningoutofspace,whiletheotherwebmailservicesrunbyYahooandMicrosoftcouldstorejust30to60emails.Besidesthestorage,theydeclared,GmailwouldbeequippedwithGoogle’ssearchtechnologysouserscouldquicklyfindanoldemail,photoorotherpersonalinformationstoredontheservice.Itwouldalsoautomaticallystringtogetherallofthemunicationsaboutthesametopicsotheycouldbereadasifitwasasingleconversation.ItwassuchasurprisingconceptthatshortlyafterTheAssociatedPresspublishedastoryaboutGmaillateontheafternoonofAprilFool’sDayin2004,readersbegancallingandemailingtoinformthenewsagencythatithadbeenfooledbytheGooglefounders.ButTheAPknewGooglewasn’tjokingaboutGmailbecauseanAPreporterhadbeeninvitedtothepanytoseewhattheywereworkingon.Inhisoffice,Page,thenjust31yearsold,showedthereporterhownicelyGmailoperated.“Ithinkpeoplearereallygoingtolikethis,”Pagepredicted.Aswithsomanyotherthings,Pagewasright.Gmailnowhasmorethan1.8billionactiveaccountsandhasbeethefirstbuildingblockinGoogle’sinternetempirebeyonditssearchengine.AfterGmailcameGoogleMapsandGoogleDocswithwordprocessingapplications.ThencamethevideositeYouTube,followedbytheintroductionoftheAndroidoperatingsystemthatpowersmostoftheworld’ssmartphones.“Thatispartofthefun,makingaproductthatpeoplewon’tbelieveisreal,”saidMarissaMayerwhohelpedtodesignGmail.4.Whatdoestheword“absurd”underlinedinparagraph1mean?A.Creative. B.Strange. C.Popular. D.Practical.5.paredwithGmailtheotherwebmailservices_______.A.couldstorelessinformation B.wereunsafetostoreinformationC.weremoreconvenienttouse D.couldputallrelatedmailstogether6.WhydidTheAPdecidetopublishtheGmailstoryonAprilFool’sDayin2004?A.ItwasfooledbyPageandBrin. B.Itwantedtoplayajokeonthepublic.C.IthadacceptedmoneyfromGoogle. D.Itwassurethesurprisingstorywastrue.7.Whichapplicationcameoutfirst?A.Gmail. B.GoogleMaps. C.Googlesearch. D.GoogleDocs.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了谷歌创始人LarryPage和SergeyBrin喜欢在愚人节发布奇怪的计划，所以当他们提出Gmail的想法时，公众都以为是个玩笑，但出人意料的是，Gmail后来大为成功。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后面的“peoplelearnedtolaughthemoffasanotherexampleofjoke”可知，人们把这些想法当作笑话一笑了之，再结合第一段第一句“GooglecofoundersLarryPageandSergeyBrinbegantodeclareverystrangeplanseveryAprilFool’sDaynotlongafterstartingtheirpanymorethanaquartercenturyago.(谷歌联合创始人LarryPage和SergeyBrin在25多年前创办公司后不久，就开始在每年愚人节宣布非常奇怪的计划)”可推出，他们在愚人节提出的想法非常奇怪、荒诞，absurd意为“荒谬的”，与strange意思最接近。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theysaiditwouldbeafreeemailservicethatwouldstoreabout13,500emailseachaccountbeforerunningoutofspace,whiletheotherwebmailservicesrunbyYahooandMicrosoftcouldstorejust30to60emails.(他们表示，这将是一项免费的电子邮件服务，在空间用尽之前，每个账户将存储约13500封电子邮件，而雅虎和微软运营的其他网络邮件服务只能存储30至60封电子邮件)”可知，谷歌的Gmail能够存储约13500封电子邮件，而雅虎和微软运营的其他网络邮件服务只能存储30至60封电子邮件。由此可知，其他网络邮件服务存储的邮件数量小于Gmail。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“ButTheAPknewGooglewasn’tjokingaboutGmailbecauseanAPreporterhadbeeninvitedtothepanytoseewhattheywereworkingon.Inhisoffice,Page,thenjust31yearsold,showedthereporterhownicelyGmailoperated.“Ithinkpeoplearereallygoingtolikethis,”Pagepredicted.(但美联社知道谷歌并不是在开关于Gmail的玩笑，因为美联社的一名记者被邀请到该公司看看他们在做什么。当时只有31岁的Page在他的办公室里向记者展示了Gmail的运行情况。Page预测说：“我认为人们真的会喜欢这个。”)”可知，美联社的记者现场考查了Gmail的有关情况，所以他们确信这个令人惊讶的消息是真实的。故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Besidesthestorage,theydeclared,GmailwouldbeequippedwithGoogle’ssearchtechnologysouserscouldquicklyfindanoldemail,photoorotherpersonalinformationstoredontheservice.(他们宣称，除了存储之外，Gmail还将配备谷歌的搜索技术，这样用户就可以快速找到存储在该服务上的旧电子邮件、照片或其他个人信息)”和第五段中的“AfterGmailcameGoogleMapsandGoogleDocswithwordprocessingapplications.(继Gmail之后，推出了带有文字处理应用程序的GoogleMaps和GoogleDocs)”可知，谷歌应用的出现顺序是：谷歌搜索、Gmail、GoogleMaps和GoogleDocs。故选C。COnthetopfloorofaworkshopinAthens,Greece,ateamofartistsarebusycreatingfaithfulcopiesofthefamousstatueofAlexandertheGreatandtheVenusdeMilo.“Ourworkmostlyendsupatgiftshopsaroundtheworld.Museumsalsoaskustomakecopiesofartworks.Pricesstartat$24forasmallVenusstatueandgoashighas$11,560forafaithfulcopyofit.”saysMariaZafeiri,anartistattheworkshopfor30years.“It’sexcitingwhenourstatuesendupinamuseumandthousandsofeyesadmirethem.TheybringevenmorevisitorstoGreece.”MakingcopiesofancientGreekstatuesisn’tnew.ResearchersandartistsbeganreproducingancientGreeksculpturesshortlyaftertheNationalArchaeologicalMuseuminAthensopenedin1829.“Thefirstcopieswerenotformercialreasons,butforscientificones.Scholarswantedtostudytheancients.”saysMariaZafeiri.“Later,everyonewantedstatuesintheirhouse,abovethefireplace.TheywereinallEuropeanlivingrooms.”Somecopiesofancientstatueswereterrible,butotherreproductionsweresofaithfulthattheyendedupinplacesliketheGettyMuseuminLosAngeles.In2018,themuseumdetermineditsfamousKourosstatue—supposedtodatefrom650to480BCandboughtfor$6million—wasprobablyaforgery(赝品),andremoveditfromview.“Therearemethodstofooltheexperts.”MariaZafeirisays.“SuchforgeriescreateafalseimageofGreekcultureandmisleadresearchers.”Butaren’tMariaZafeiriandherworkshopalsoproducingforgeries?“Ithinkthedifferencebetweenaforgeryandareproductionistheintention.Therearereproductionsofdesignerbags,butthatbeesforgerieswhenthereproducersaysthey’rereal.”saysMariaZafeiri.“Ourshopjustfeedsthedesireoftravelerstoownsomethinglovelytopackuporshiphome.Agoodreproductioncanextendyourtrip.It’ssimilartoaphotographofyourselfwhileonvacation,itbringsyoubacktothatbeautifuldayattheAcropolis.”8.HowdoesMariaZafeirimostprobablyfeelaboutherwork?A.Ashamed. B.Proud. C.Bored. D.Dissatisfied.9.WhowerethetargetedcustomersofthereproducedancientGreekstatuesinthe1830s?A.Researchers. B.Businessmen.C.Souvenirseekers. D.Treasurehunters.10.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheKourosstatueboughtbytheGettyMuseum?A.Thereproductionwasworththemoney. B.Themuseumhadalotofsuchforgeries.C.Itwasprobablyfromaskilledartist. D.Itwascreatedbetween650and480BC.11.WhatsetsaforgeryapartfromareproductionaccordingtoMariaZafeiri?A.Theprice. B.Thematerial. C.Thequality. D.Thepurpose.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，讲述了一位希腊艺术家MariaZafeiri与其工作室复制古希腊雕塑的故事，探讨了复制品与赝品的区别及对文化的影响。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Ourworkmostlyendsupatgiftshopsaroundtheworld.Museumsalsoaskustomakecopiesofartworks.(我们的作品大多在世界各地的礼品店出售。博物馆也要求我们复制艺术品)”以及“It’sexcitingwhenourstatuesendupinamuseumandthousandsofeyesadmirethem.TheybringevenmorevisitorstoGreece.(当我们的雕像最终进入博物馆，成千上万的眼睛欣赏它们时，这是令人兴奋的。它们为希腊带来了更多的游客)”可知，他们的作品会出现在世界各地，也会出现在博物馆，尤其是进入博物馆的作品得到了欣赏的目光，为希腊带来了跟多的游客，这是令人兴奋的。由此可推知，对于自己的作品，她是感到骄傲的。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“ResearchersandartistsbeganreproducingancientGreeksculpturesshortlyaftertheNationalArchaeologicalMuseuminAthensopenedin1829.(雅典国家考古博物馆于1829年开馆后不久，研究人员和艺术家就开始复制古希腊雕塑)”以及第四段内容“Thefirstcopieswerenotformercialreasons,butforscientificones.Scholarswantedtostudytheancients.(最初的复制品不是出于商业原因，而是出于科学原因。学者们想研究古人)”可知，1829年以后出现了对古希腊雕塑的复制，而最初的复制是出于科学研究原因，因此可推知，19世纪30年代复制的古希腊雕像的目标客户是学者，研究人员。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“butotherreproductionsweresofaithfulthattheyendedupinplacesliketheGettyMuseuminLosAngeles.In2018,themuseumdetermineditsfamousKourosstatue—supposedtodatefrom650to480BCandboughtfor$6million—wasprobablyaforgery,andremoveditfromview.(但是其他的复制品是如此的忠实准确，以至于它们最终出现在了洛杉矶的盖蒂博物馆。2018年，博物馆确定其著名的Kouros雕像——据说可以追溯到公元前650年至480年，以600万美元购买——可能是一件赝品，并将其从视野中移除)”可知，该雕像被复制的如此忠实于原作，以致于被GettyMuseum博物馆以600万美元购买，且非常著名。由此可推知，其复制者应该是一个技艺高超的艺术家。故选C项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章末尾段“Ithinkthedifferencebetweenaforgeryandareproductionistheintention.(我认为伪造和复制的区别在于意图)”可知，在她看来，两者的区别在于创作者的意图和目的。故选D项。DHavingstudiedmorethan400groupsofhoneybeesinBrazilfortwoyears,agroupofbiologistsledbyVivianaDiPietroreportthat,likehumans,honeybeesarecapableoflearningnewtraditionswhicharethenhandeddownovergenerations.“Themostobviousexampleisthathoneybeescanbuildtheirhomesaccordingtodifferentarchitecturaltraditionswhicharethenhandeddownovergenerations,”theywrite.“Wefoundthataround95%ofthehoneybeesbuilttheirhomesinahorizontal(与地面平行的)style,while5%ofthempreferredaspiral(螺旋形的)structure.Ineachcase,thetraditionwaspasseddowntothenextgenerations.”Sincehoneybeesshowedastrongpreferenceforahorizontalstructure,itwassurprisingthatspiralstructuresoccurredatall.“Withthehelpofvideocameras,wefoundthattherewasanoticeabledifferenceinaveragebuildingratebetweenthetwostyles.”theresearchersadd.Inordertoruleoutagenetic(遗传的)explanationforthedifferentstyles,theresearcherstookhoneybeesfromthegroupsthatbuiltinspiraltraditionclosetothegroupsthatbuiltinhorizontaltradition.Theimportedhoneybeessoonlearnedtobuildtheirhomesinthelocalstyle,whichwasthenpasseddowntotheirchildrenastheyeventuallygrewup.“Itisverylikelythattheimportedhoneybeesmighthavechangedthestyleasawayofcorrectingtheconstructionerrorsmadebytheirancestors.”theresearcherssuggest.Thefindingshavesurprisedobserversofanimalculture,astheysuggestthathoneybeescanlearnandhanddowndifferentbuildingtraditionsovergenerations.Thishaschangedthewayofthinkingaboutculture,whichisoftenstrictlydefinedasbehaviourdirectlyhandeddownfromhumanparentstotheirchildrenuntilitbeesatraditioninagroup.“Insectculturewasthoughtimpossible.Lessthanacenturyago,culturewasthoughttobeuniquelyhuman,”saysbiologistAndrewWhitenoftheUniversityofStAndrews,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.“Butthenewresearchhasofferedstrongevidencepointingtotheopposite.”12.Whydomosthoneybeespreferahorizontalstructureaccordingtotheresearch?A.Itiseasiertobecopied. B.Itisabitstronger.C.Itismorefortable. D.Itisfastertobuild.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph5referto?A.Scientists. B.Traditions. C.Findings. D.Parents.14.WhichwordbestdescribesAndrewWhiten’sattitudetothenewresearch?A.Favorable. B.Disapproving. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ResearchersHaveDifferentViewsonAnimalCultureB.HoneybeesMayLearnandPreserveCulturalTraditionsC.HoneybeesCanLearnBuildingSkillsFromTheirNeighborsD.ResearchersHaveMisunderstoodHoneybeesforaLongTime【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究表明蜜蜂能学习并传承建造巢穴的不同传统，颠覆了文化仅为人类独有的观念，为动物文化提供了有力证据。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Sincehoneybeesshowedastrongpreferenceforahorizontalstructure,itwassurprisingthatspiralstructuresoccurredatall.“Withthehelpofvideocameras,wefoundthattherewasanoticeabledifferenceinaveragebuildingratebetweenthetwostyles.”theresearchersadd.(由于蜜蜂表现出对水平结构的强烈偏好，螺旋结构的出现令人惊讶。“在摄像机的帮助下，我们发现这两种风格的平均建筑速率有明显差异。”研究人员补充道)”可知，摄像机发现水平结构和螺旋结构在建筑速率上有很大的差异。由此可推知，水平结构的风格受到蜜蜂的强烈偏好是因为它比螺旋结构建设起来更快。故选D。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子的前半句话“Thefindingshavesurprisedobserversofanimalculture(这些发现令动物文化的观察者感到惊讶)”可知，这些发现令动物文化的观察者感到惊讶，因为这些发现表明蜜蜂可以学习并代代相传不同的建筑传统。所以they指代前文中的“Thefindings”。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Insectculturewasthoughtimpossible.Lessthanacenturyago,culturewasthoughttobeuniquelyhuman,”saysbiologistAndrewWhitenoftheUniversityofStAndrews,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.“Butthenewresearchhasofferedstrongevidencepointingtotheopposite.”(“昆虫培养被认为是不可能的。不到一个世纪前，文化被认为是人类独有的，”圣安德鲁斯大学的生物学家安德鲁·怀特说，他没有参与这项研究。“但这项新研究提供了强有力的证据，指向相反的方向。”)”可知，AndrewWhiten认为这项新研究提供了强有力的证据，指向相反的方向。由此可推知，他对这项新的研究持支持或赞许的态度。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Havingstudiedmorethan400groupsofhoneybeesinBrazilfortwoyears,agroupofbiologistsledbyVivianaDiPietroreportthat,likehumans,honeybeesarecapableoflearningnewtraditionswhicharethenhandeddownovergenerations.(VivianaDiPietro领导的一组生物学家对巴西400多组蜜蜂进行了两年的研究，他们报告说，蜜蜂和人类一样，能够学习新的传统，然后代代相传)”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了研究表明蜜蜂能学习并传承建造巢穴的不同传统，颠覆了文化仅为人类独有的观念，为动物文化提供了有力证据。所以“蜜蜂可以学习和保护文化传统”适合作文章的标题，既概括了蜜蜂的学习能力也涵盖了文化的传承方面。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youmightalwaysplain,“Iwanttobuildmoremuscle,increasemyendurance,orjustmoveaboutdaytodaylifemoreeasily,butIdon’tknowhowtoachievethegoals.”____16____.Focusonyourworkout____17____.Ifyou’rethinkingaboutyourtodolist,youmightnotbefocusingonputtingin100%.“Ifocusonmybreathingtoreduceanydistractions(干扰)whileexercisingatthegym,”saysPhoenixCarnevale,trainerofAmroseFitness.HavepositiveselftalkBeforeyou’refeelingfocused,remindyourselfthatyoucandothis.“____18____,”saysCarnevale.“Itellmyself,‘It’smytimenow.’”Youcanalsotakeafewminutesbeforeyourworkouttothinkaboutsomethingyouloveaboutyourbodyandwhatitcanachieve.Thiskindofthinkingwillstartyourworkoutonapositivenote.____19____Positiveselftalkisn’ttheonlywaytogetintherightmindset.“Italwaysesdowntomusicforme,”saysAmeliaDiDomenico,ownerofAmroseFitness.Oneofhertopworkouttipsistorepeatherfavoritesongsafewtimesduringhertrainingsession.KeepthingssimpleYoudon’tneedtodoamilliondifferentexercisestogetagreatworkout.____20____.Bylimitingtheamountofequipmentyouuseandthenumberofmovesinyourworkout,youwon’twastetimemovingaroundthegym.Inturn,youmaycutdownonresttime,whichgenerallyisagoodthing,especiallyifyourgoalistobuildmuscle.A.TrytomakeconversationB.ListentoyourfavoritemusicC.Infact,it’softenbettertokeepthingssimpleD.BeforeIknowit,IeacrossaworkoutpartnerE.PerhapsthesetipswillhelpyoutomakeagoodstartF.IstartwithpositiveselftalktopreventmyselffromgivingupG.Thefirststeptoaworkoutisbringingyouintothepresentmoment【答案】16.E17.G18.F19.B20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要给出了实现锻炼目标的建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Youmightalwaysplain,“Iwanttobuildmoremuscle,increasemyendurance,orjustmoveaboutdaytodaylifemoreeasily,butIdon’tknowhowtoachievethegoals.”(你可能总是抱怨，“我想锻炼更多的肌肉，提高我的耐力，或者只是想让日常生活更轻松，但我不知道如何实现这些目标。”)”结合后文主要给出了实现目标的建议，故E选项“也许这些建议会帮助你有一个好的开始”符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】根据后文“Ifyou’rethinkingaboutyourtodolist,youmightnotbefocusingonputtingin100%.“Ifocusonmybreathingtoreduceanydistractions(干扰)whileexercisingatthegym,”saysPhoenixCarnevale,trainerofAmroseFitness.(如果你在考虑你的待办事项清单，你可能没有把注意力集中在100%的投入上。Amrose健身公司的教练菲尼克斯·卡内瓦莱说：“在健身房锻炼时，我专注于呼吸，以减少任何干扰。”)”可知，后文主要论述了如何进行专注锻炼。故G选项“锻炼的第一步是把你带入当下”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Beforeyou’refeelingfocused,remindyourselfthatyoucandothis.(在你集中注意力之前，提醒自己你可以做到)”以及后文“Thiskindofthinkingwillstartyourworkoutonapositivenote.(这种想法会让你以积极的态度开始锻炼)”可知，本句主要说明采取积极的态度开始。故F选项“我从积极的自我对话开始，防止自己放弃”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据本段内容“Positiveselftalkisn’ttheonlywaytogetintherightmindset.“Italwaysesdowntomusicforme,”saysAmeliaDiDomenico,ownerofAmroseFitness.Oneofhertopworkouttipsistorepeatherfavoritesongsafewtimesduringhertrainingsession.(积极的自我对话并不是进入正确心态的唯一方法。AmroseFitness的老板阿米莉亚·迪·多梅尼科说：“对我来说，一切都归结为音乐。”她最重要的锻炼技巧之一是在训练过程中重复几次她最喜欢的歌曲)”可知，本段的主旨是听最喜欢的音乐，故B选项“听你最喜欢的音乐”符合语境，故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“Youdon’tneedtodoamilliondifferentexercisestogetagreatworkout.(你不需要做一百万种不同的运动来获得良好的锻炼)”可知，上文提到不需要太多不同的运动来锻炼，故本句承接上文，说明应该用怎样的锻炼方式。故C选项“事实上，事情越简单越好”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afewyearsago,BenGomesreceivedaworryingcallatwork.Thecallertoldhimthathis92yearoldmother,Thomasinha,wasbeing___21___tothehospitalaftershehadbeendragged(拖拽)byacarinthestreet.Heracedtothe___22___toseeher.“Iwas___23___atthetime,Icouldn’tpicturewhatitwouldbelike,”Gomesrecalls.Gomessoonlearnedthe___24___ofwhat,hadhappened.Thomasinhasometimesreceived___25___fromvolunteerdriverstoherlocalseniorcenter.Onthatday,whenshegotoutofthecar,oneofthelongdrawstringcords(拉带)onherjacketgot___26___inthedoorassheclosedit.Thedriverdidn’tseeher,andbeganto___27___,draggingThomasinhaalong.She___28___alongsidethecar,___29___thewindowofthecartogetthedriver’s____30____.That’swhenapasserbysawherfromacrossthestreetandgotinfrontofthecarto____31____thedriver.Atthatpoint,Thomasinha____32____,andshehadaseriousinjury.“I’msogratefulthatIwasnotgreetedbythesightthatIfearedwhenIwenttothehospital,”Gomessays.Today,whenGomesreflectsbackonthekindnessofthis____33____,hesaysit’shardtoexpresshis____34____.“Idon’tknowifI’dhave____35____wordstosaythan‘Thankyou’forwhatyoudidformymotherandforwhatyoudidforme,”headds.21.A.rushed B.trained C.applied D.referred22.A.school B.hospital C.station D.house23.A.honored B.generous C.frightened D.faithful24.A.details B.effects C.costs D.views25.A.prizes B.rides C.letters D.tickets26A.burned B.stolen C.lost D.caught27.A.blowaway B.driveaway C.dropout D.hangout28.A.sang B.pushed C.ran D.nodded29.A.smilingat B.turningon C.pointingat D.knockingon30.A.attention B.memory C.advice D.money31.A.call B.see C.stop D.beat32.A.joked B.arrived C.stood D.fell33.A.passenger B.stranger C.student D.doctor34.A.concern B.sadness C.interest D.appreciation35.A.kinder B.shorter C.better D.fewer【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.A25.B26.D27.B28.C29.D30.A31.C32.D33.B34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了本·戈麦斯的92岁的母亲托马辛哈，在下车时发生意外，被陌生人救助的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：打的人告诉他，他92岁的母亲托马辛哈在街上被一辆车拖着走后，被紧急送往医院。A.rushed冲，奔；B.trained训练；C.applied应用；D.referred提及。根据下文“aftershehadbeendragged(拖拽)byacarinthestreet.”以及“shehadaseriousinjury”可知，托马辛哈被紧急送往医院。故选A项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他跑到医院去看她。A.school学校；B.hospital医院；C.station车站；D.house房屋。根据上文“thehospital”可知，去医院看望托马辛哈。故选B项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时我很害怕，我无法想象那会是什么样子。A.honored光荣的，荣幸的；B.generous慷慨的；C.frightened害怕的；D.faithful忠实的，忠诚的。根据下文“Icouldn’tpicturewhatitwouldbelike”可知，作者很害怕。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：戈麦斯很快就了解了事情的细节。A.details细节；B.effects影响；C.costs花费；D.views观点。根据下文“Thomasinhasometimesreceived___5___fromvolunteerdriverstoherlocalseniorcenter.Onthatday,whenshegotoutofthecar,oneofthelongdrawstringcords(拉带)onherjacketgot___6___inthedoorassheclosedit.Thedriverdidn’tseeher,andbeganto___7___,draggingThomasinhaalong.”可知，这是发生的细节。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：托马辛哈有时会让志愿司机载她去当地的老年中心。A.prizes奖励；B.rides搭乘旅行；C.letters信；D.tickets票。根据下文“fromvolunteerdriverstoherlocalseniorcenter”可知，托马辛哈有时会让志愿司机载她去当地的老年中心。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，当她下车时，她外套上的一根长绳子在关门时被门卡住了。A.burned燃烧；B.stolen偷；C.lost丢失；D.caught抓。根据下文“Thedriverdidn’tseeher,andbeganto___7___,draggingThomasinhaalong.”可知，长绳子在关门时被门卡住了。becaughtin“被困住，被卡住”。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：司机没有看见她，就开始开车走了。A.blowaway消散或消除；B.driveaway赶走，驶离；C.dropout退出；D.hangout闲逛。根据上文“Thedriverdidn’tseeher”可知，司机以为下车了，所以就开走了。故选B项。28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她边跑边敲着车窗以引起司机的注意。A.sang唱歌；B.pushed推；C.ran跑；D.nodded点头。根据上文“draggingThomasinhaalong”可知，被车拖车走，所以要跟上车的速度，要跑起来。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她边跑边敲着车窗以引起司机的注意。A.smilingat微笑；B.turningon打开；C.pointingat指向；D.knockingon敲。司机在车内，所以要敲车窗。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她边跑边敲着车窗以引起司机的注意。A.attention注意力；B.memory记忆；C.advice建议；D.money钱。根据上文“___9___thewindowofthecar”可知，敲车窗的目的是引起司机注意。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，一个过路人从街对面看到了她，走到车前拦住了司机。A.call打；B.see看；C.stop停止；D.beat打败。根据上文“passerbysawherfromacrossthestreet”可知，路人看到了，所以阻止了司机在向前开。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，托马辛哈摔倒了，受了重伤。A.joked开玩笑；B.arrived到达；C.stood站立；D.fell摔倒。根据下午“shehadaseriousinjury”可知，摔倒了，受伤了。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，当戈麦斯回想起这位陌生人的善良时，他说很难表达他的感激之情。A.passenger乘客；B.stranger陌生人；C.student学生；D.doctor医生。根据上文“apasserby”可知，路过的人是陌生人。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，当戈麦斯回想起这位陌生人的善良时，他说很难表达他的感激之情。A.concern担忧；B.sadness悲伤；C.interest兴趣；D.appreciation感激，欣赏。根据下文“Thankyou”可知，陌生人帮助了戈麦斯的母亲，所以自然是感谢的。故选D项。【35题详解】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：我不知道还有什么比‘谢谢’更好的话来感谢你为我母亲和我所做的一切。A.kinder较善良的；B.shorter较短的；C.better较好的；D.fewer较少的。根据下文“saythan‘Thankyou’forwhatyoudidformymotherandforwhatyoudidforme”可知，没有什么比‘谢谢’更好的话来感谢这位陌生人的了。故选C项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Millionsofbuspassengerswillenj