四川省四川大学附属中学校2023-2024学年高三下学期期中考试英语试卷

川大附中高2023级高一下半期考试高一英语(时间:120分钟分值:150分)注意1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。说明:本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。第Ⅰ卷(选择题满分95分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,共7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandowiththeman’sphone?A.Repairit.B.Upgradeit.C.Replaceit.2.WhatdoesJohnwantAmytodo?A.Takethepotoff.B.Switchtolowheat.C.Putthesoupintobowls.3.Whereisthewomanprobablyfrom?A.Britain.B.Peru.C.Mexico.4.Howhighdotheceilingstodayusuallymeasure?A.2.3meters.B.2.7meters.C.3.0meters.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onafarm.B.Athome.C.Inasupermarket.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话,回答67题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anexhibition.B.Aglassbox.C.Avase.7.Howdoesthemanfindthewoman?A.Knowledgeable.B.Considerate.C.Patient.听下面一段对话,回答第8至第10题,8.Whatdoesthemanthinkofselfhelpbooks?A.They’reunappealing.B.They’repractical.C.They’reridiculous.9.Whatisthebookabout?A.Lifeinthecountry.B.Personalexperience.C.Anaturaldisaster.10.What’stherelationshipofthetwospeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Opponents.听下面一段对话,回答第11至第13题。11.Whatisthechangeofthecat?A.Shebeesinactive.B.Sheeatsmore.C.Shesleepsbadly.12.Whatisthewoman’ssuggestion?AObservingthecat’sbelly.B.Givingthecatsomemedicine.C.Stoppingfeedingthecattemporarily.13.Wheremightthemangofirst?A.Ahospital.B.Astore.C.Hishome.听下面一段对话,回答第14至第17题。14.Whatistheman’sopiniononthecitylife?A.It’sconvenient.B.It’sboring.C.It’smessy.15.Whatwouldthewomanprefertodo?A.Chaseagoat.B.Seeaparkshow.C.Haveatruckride.16.Whatisthewildestthingonthesubwayforthewoman?A.Safebelts.B.Occasionalanimals.C.Irregularperformances.17.Whatwillthespeakersdoafterlunch?A.Paintafence.B.Ridethesubway.C.Singcountrymusic.听下面一段独白,回答第18至第20题。18.Whocantakethelessons?A.A3yearoldswimlover.B.A9yearolddisabledpupil.C.An18yearoldswimmer.19.WhatistaughtintheFoundationlessons?A.Skillsatwaterrescue.B.Knowledgeofwatersafety.C.Basicsofswimmingmovements.20.Whatistheprizeforthoseremendingfriends?A.Reductioninprice.B.Extralessons.C.Freeswimwear.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AWhistlerTravelGuideSnowcappedpeaksandpowderedsteeps;sparklinglakesandrushingwaterfalls;challenginghikingroutesandinvitingrestaurants—Whistler’sofferingssuiteveryseason.ThingstodoTheentiretowndisplaystheskichicatmosphere,hostingdozensofskiandsnowboardpetitionsandfestivalsannually.Inthewarmermonths,moreoutdoorenthusiastseouttoplay.Visitorscantryhikingorcyclingupthemountains.WhileWhistlerisanidealvacationspotfortheactivetypes,othertravelerscanenjoythelocalmuseumsandartgalleriesfilledwithinformativeexhibits.Plus,therearefamilyfriendlyactivitiesandattractionslikesummerconcerts,alongwithplentyofshoppingoptions.WhentovisitThebesttimestovisitWhistlerarefromJunethroughAugustandbetweenDecemberandMarch.HowtogetaroundThebestwaystogetaroundWhistlerareonfootorbybike.Or,youcantaketheshuttlebusesfromWhistlerVillage,whichtransportvisitorstoLostLakeParkandtheMarketplace.Meanwhile,havingacarwillallowyouthefreedomtoexploretopattractionslikeWhistlerTrainWreckandAlexanderFallswithouthavingtospendalotofcashonacab.Whatyouneedtoknow●Whistlerreceivesfeetofsnoweachyear.Ifyou’redrivinginwinter,slowdownandmakesuretorentorewithareliableSUV.●SnowslidesarelikelytooccuronBackcountryroutes,soonlyadvancedskiersshouldtaketothisoffthemaparea.●Whistler’swildernessishometomanyblackandgrizzlybears.Keepyourdistanceanddonotfeedthem.1.WhatareactivetravelersremendedtodoinWhistler?A.Bikeupthemountains. B.Hostskipetitions.C.Goshoppingatthemalls. D.Visitmuseumexhibitions.2.Whichofthefollowingisthemostpopularamongtravelers?A.WhistlerVillage. B.LostLakePark. C.TheMarketplace. D.WhistlerTrainWreck.3.WhataretravelersprohibitedfromdoinginWhistler?A.DrivingarentedSUV. B.Feedinggrizzlybears.C.Exploringthewilderness. D.SkiingonBackcountryroutes.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇惠斯勒旅游指南，介绍了旅游特色和注意事项等。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Visitorscantryhikingorcyclingupthemountains.(游客可以尝试徒步旅行或骑自行车上山)”可知，惠斯勒推荐活跃的旅行者骑车上山。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Meanwhile,havingacarwillallowyouthefreedomtoexploretopattractionslikeWhistlerTrainWreckandAlexanderFallswithouthavingtospendalotofcashonacab.(同时，拥有一辆车可以让你自由地探索像惠斯勒火车残骸和亚历山大瀑布这样的顶级景点，而不必花很多钱打车)”可知，WhistlerTrainWreck最受游客欢迎。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一短“Whistler’swildernessishometomanyblackandgrizzlybears.Keepyourdistanceanddonotfeedthem.(惠斯勒的荒野是许多黑熊和灰熊的家园。保持距离，不要喂它们)”可知，旅客在惠斯勒禁止喂灰熊。故选B。BIusedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessenceofthehumansoul.Theliteraryworkscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedthewaywesawtheworld.Wordswerewhatposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandtheanswerstothosequestionsthemselves.Wordswereeverything.Thatbeliefchanged.Inanordinarymathclass,myteacherposedasimplequestion:What’s0.99roundedtothenearestwholenumber?Easy.Whenroundedtothenearestwholenumber,0.99=1.Somehow,Ithoughteventhough0.99isonly0.01awayfrom1,there’sstilla0.01difference.Thatmeanseveniftwothingsareonlyalittledifferent,theyarestilldifferent,sodoesn’tthatmakethempletelydifferent?Myteacheransweredmyquestionbypresentinganotherequation(等式):1=0.9,whichcouldalsobeexpressedas1=0.99999....repeatingitselfwithouteverending.Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingabouttheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.Lyinginbed,Ithoughtabouthowmuchtheequationparalleledourexistence.Theleftsideoftheequationrepresentsthatsometimeslifeitselfissounchangeableandsoclear.Theconcrete,wholenumberofthedaywhenyouwerebornandthedaywhenyouwoulddie.Butthenthereisthatgapinbetweenlifeanddeath.Therightsidemeansatimeandspacefulloflimitlesspossibilities,andendlessopportunitiesintotheopenfuture.Sothat’swhatlifeis.Objectivebutimaginative.Unchangeablebutlimitless.Lifeisanequationwithtwosidesthatbalancesitsefout.Still,wecan’tevertrulyseemtoputtheperfectwordstoit.Sopossiblynumberscanexpressideasaseuallywellaswordscan.Fornow,let’sleaveitatthat:1=0.99999...andlivealifelikeit.4.Whatdoestheauthoremphasizeaboutwordsinparagraph1?A.Theirwidevariety. B.Theirliteraryorigins.C.Theirdistinctsounds. D.Theirexpressivepower.5.Whatmadetheauthorfindtheequationfascinating?A.Therepetitionofanumber. B.Thewaytwodifferentnumbersareequal.C.Thequestiontheteacherraised. D.Thedifferencebetweenthetwonumbers.6.Whichofthefllowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“paralleled”inparagraph6?A.Measured. B.posed. C.Mirrored. D.Influenced.7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThePerfectEquation B.NumbersBuildEquationsC.AnAttractiveQuestion D.WordsOutperformNumbers【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者在数学课上学了一个等式后的一些感悟。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Iusedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessenceofthehumansoul.Theliteraryworkscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedthewaywesawtheworld.Wordswerewhatposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandtheanswerstothosequestionsthemselves.(我曾经相信，只有语言才能捕捉到人类灵魂的本质。文学作品包含了如此独特的故事，它们塑造了我们看待世界的方式。文字构成了我们试图揭示的问题，以及这些问题本身的答案)”可推知，在第一段作者主要强调了语言的表达力量，故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingabouttheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.(这个方程式神秘而迷人。左边是不变的、客观的：里面有一个没有尽头的数字。右边是无穷无尽的东西，数字无限重复。然而，不知怎么的，这两个相反的东西被一个等号连接起来了)”可知，作者觉得这个等式很迷人，因为数字虽然不同，但是却被等号连接起来了。由此推知，让作者觉得这个等式迷人的是两个不同的数相等的方式。故选B。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Theleftsideoftheequationrepresentsthatsometimeslifeitselfissounchangeableandsoclear.Theconcrete,wholenumberofthedaywhenyouwerebornandthedaywhenyouwoulddie.Butthenthereisthatgapinbetweenlifeanddeath.(等式的左边表示有时候生命本身是如此的不可改变，如此的清晰。你出生的日期和你死亡的日期的具体整数。但是生与死之间有一段距离)”可知，作者躺在床上思考的是这个等式与我们的存在是多么相似，划线词paralleled的意思是“与……十分相似”，和mirrored意思相近，故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段“Myteacheransweredmyquestionbypresentinganotherequation(等式):1=0.9,whichcouldalsobeexpressedas1=0.99999....repeatingitselfwithouteverending.(我的老师给出了另一个等式：1=0.9，也可以表示为1=0.99999……不断重复，没有尽头)”和第五段“Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingabouttheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.(这个等式神秘而迷人。左边是不变的、客观的：里面有一个没有尽头的数字。右边是无穷无尽的东西，数字无限重复。然而，不知怎么的，这两个相反的东西被一个等号连接起来了)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者在数学课上学了一个等式后的一些感悟。由此可知，最恰当的标题是A选项“ThePerfectEquation(完美的等式)”。故选A。C“Whydoesgrandpahaveearhair?”Justafewyearsagomychildwassocurioustoknow“why”and“how”thatwehadtocutoffherquestionsfiveminutesbeforebedtime.Nowasoontobefourthgrader,shesaysthatshedislikesschoolbecause“it’snotfiuntolearm.”Iamshocked.Asascientistandparent,IhavedoneeverythingIcantopromotealoveoflearninginmychildren.WheredidIgowrong?Mychild’sexperienceisnotunique.DevelopmentalpsychologistSusanEngelnotesthatcuriositydefinedas“spontaneous(自发的)”investigationandeagernessfornewinformationdropsdramaticallyinchildrenbythefourthgrade.InWonder:ChildhoodandtheLifelongLoveofScience,YalepsychologistFrankC.Keildetailsthedevelopmentofwonder—aspontaneouspassiontoexplore,discover,andunderstand.Hetakesusonajourneyfromitsearlydevelopment,whenwonderdrivesmonsenseandscientificreasoning,throughthedropoffinwonderthatoftenoccurs,tothetrapoflifeinasocietythatdevalueswonder.AsKeilnotes,childrenareparticularlyrichinwonderwhiletheyarerapidlydevelopingcausalmechanisms(因果机制)inthepreschoolandearlyelementaryschoolyears.Theyaresensitivetotheothers’knowledgeandgoals,andtheyexpertlyusetheirdesireforquestioning.Children’squestions,particularlythoseabout“why”and“how”supportthedevelopmentofcausalmechanismswhichcanbeusedtohelptheirdaytodayreasoning.Unfortunately,asKeilnotes,“adultsgreatlyunderestimateyoungchildren’scausalmechanisms.”Inthebook,Wonder,Keilshowsthatwecansupportchildren’songoingwonderbyplayinggameswiththemaspartners,encouragingquestionasking,andfocusingontheirabilitiestoreasonandconclude.Adeclineinwonderisnotunavoidable.Keilremindsusthatwecanacceptwonderasadesirablepositivequalitythatexistsineveryone.Ivaluewonderdeeply,andWonderhasgivenmehopebyproposingafutureformychildrenthatwillremainwonderfull.8.Whatisamonproblemamongfourthgraders?A.Theyupsettheirparentstoooften. B.Theyasktoomanystrangequestions.C.Theirloveforfundisappearsquickly. D.Theirdesiretolearndeclinessharply.9.Whatcanbeinferredaboutchildren’scausalmechanismsinparagraph4?A.Theycontrolchildren’ssensitivity. B.Theyslightlychangeinearlychildhood.C.Theyhardlysupportchildren’sreasoning. D.Theydevelopthroughchildren’squestioning.10.Howcanparentssupportchildren’songoingwonderaccordingtoKeil?A.Bymonitoringtheirgames. B.Bywelinginquiringminds.C.Byestimatingtheirabilities. D.Byprovidingreasonableconclusions.11.Whatisthetext?A.Abookreview. B.Anewsreport. C.Aresearchpaper. D.Achildren’sstory.【答案】8.D9.D10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是Wonder这本书的主要内容，这本书主要分析的是为什么孩子们对外界事物的好奇会在四年级时急剧减少。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“DevelopmentalpsychologistSusanEngelnotesthatcuriositydefinedas“spontaneous(自发的)”investigationandeagernessfornewinformationdropsdramaticallyinchildrenbythefourthgrade.(发展心理学家SusanEngel指出，到四年级时，被定义为“自发”调查的好奇心和对新信息的渴望会急剧下降。)”可知，四年级学生的常见问题是他们的学习欲望急剧下降。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Children’squestions,particularlythoseabout“why”and“how”supportthedevelopmentofcausalmechanismswhichcanbeusedtohelptheirdaytodayreasoning.(孩子们问题，特别是那些关于“为什么”和“如何”的问题，支持因果机制的发展，可以用来帮助他们的日常推理。)”可知，从第4段可以推断出儿童的因果机制是通过孩子们的提问发展起来的。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Inthebook,Wonder,Keilshowsthatwecansupportchildren’songoingwonderbyplayinggameswiththemaspartners,encouragingquestionasking,andfocusingontheirabilitiestoreasonandconclude.(在Wonder这本书中，Keil告诉我们，我们可以通过和孩子们一起玩游戏，鼓励他们提问，关注他们推理和总结的能力，来支持孩子们持续的惊奇。)”可知，根据Keil的说法，父母可以通过欢迎孩子们问问题来支持孩子们不断的惊奇，故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段“Inthebook,Wonder,Keilshowsthatwecansupportchildren’songoingwonderbyplayinggameswiththemaspartners,encouragingquestionasking,andfocusingontheirabilitiestoreasonandconclude.(在Wonder这本书中，Keil告诉我们，我们可以通过和孩子们一起玩游戏，鼓励他们提问，关注他们推理和总结的能力，来支持孩子们持续的惊奇。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是Wonder这本书的主要内容，因此这本书是书评，故选A。DEachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresofforest—atareaaboutthesizeofIceland—becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredicttheworld’sforestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewoodlikeplantmaterialssinalab.Thismakesitpossibleto“grow”awoodenproductwithoutcuttingdowntrees.Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoungplant.Thesecellsareculturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedtoanothermediumwhichcontainsnutrientsandtwodifferenthormones(激素).Byadjustingthebormonelevels,theresearcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells:Newtheresearchersusea3Dprintertoshapethecellbasedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedarkforthreemonths.Finally,theresearchersdehydrate(使脱水)thematerial,andthenevaluateitsqualities.Theyfoundthatlowerbormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswithmorerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity(密度),whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructuresmakestheplantmaterialssofterormorerigid,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwoodlikecharacteristics.What’smore,it’stobenotedthattheresearchprocessisabout100timesfasterthanthetimeittakesforatreetogrowtomaturity!Researchofthiskindisgroundbreaking.“Thisworkdemonstratesthegreatpowerofatechnology,”saysleadresearcher,JeffreyBerenstab.“Therealopportunityhereistobeatitsbestwithwhatyouuseandhowyouuseit.Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeettherequirementsyougiveaboutshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesustogrow’anywoodenproductinawaythattraditionalagriculturalmethodscan’tachieve.”12.WhydoresearchersatMITperformtheresearch?A.Togrowmoretrees. B.Toreducetreelosses.C.Toprotectplantdiversity. D.Topredictforestdisappearance.13.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutthelabresearch?A.Itsscientificorigins. B.ItstheoreticalbasisC.Itsusualdifficulties. D.Itsmainprocesses14.Whatdoesthefindingsuggestabouttheplantmaterials?A.Theyarebetterthannaturallygrownplants.B.Theirgrowthspeeddeterminestheircharacteristics.C.Thehormonelevelsaffecttheirrigidity.D.Theircells’shapesmainlyrelyontheirdensity.15.WhyistheresearchpathbreakingaccordingtoBerenstain?A.Itusesnewbiologicalmaterialsinlabexperiments.B.Ithasasignificantimpactonworldwideplantgrowth.C.Itrevolutionizesthewaytomakewoodenproducts.D.Itchallengestraditionalscientifictheoriesinforestry.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了避免砍伐树木，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里生产类似木材的植物材料。解释了其实验过程以及其积极意义。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Eachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresofforest—atareaaboutthesizeofIceland—becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredicttheworld’sforestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewoodlikeplantmaterialssinalab.(由于砍伐树木，世界每年损失约1000万公顷的森林——面积约为冰岛的大小。一些科学家预测，按照这个速度，世界上的森林可能会在100到200年内消失。为了解决这个问题，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里制造出类似木材的植物材料。)”可知，麻省理工学院的研究人员进行这项研究是为了减少树木损失。故选B。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoungplant.Thesecellsareculturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedtoanothermediumwhichcontainsnutrientsandtwodifferenthormones(激素).Byadjustingthebormonelevels,theresearcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells:Newtheresearchersusea3Dprintertoshapethecellbasedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedarkforthreemonths.Finally,theresearchersdehydrate(使脱水)thematerial,andthenevaluateitsqualities.(在实验室里，研究人员首先从幼小植物的叶子上提取细胞。这些细胞在液体培养基中培养两天，然后转移到另一种含有营养物质和两种不同激素的培养基中。通过调节激素水平，研究人员可以调整细胞的物理和机械质量:新的研究人员使用3D打印机来塑造细胞材料，并让成型的材料在黑暗中生长三个月。最后，研究人员将材料脱水，然后评估其质量。)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们关于实验室研究的主要过程。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theyfoundthatlowerbormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswithmorerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity(密度),whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructuresmakestheplantmaterialssofterormorerigid,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwoodlikecharacteristics.(他们发现，较低的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞更圆、更开放，密度更低，而较高的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞结构更小，但密度更大。细胞结构的密度或高或低，使植物材料更柔软或更坚硬，帮助材料生长出不同的类木特性。)”可知，激素水平影响植物材料的硬度。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeettherequirementsyougiveaboutshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesustogrow’anywoodenproductinawaythattraditionalagriculturalmethodscan’tachieve.(该技术可以调整以满足您对形状、大小、刚性和形式的要求。它使我们能够以传统农业方法无法实现的方式种植任何木制品。)”可知，Berenstain认为这项研究具有开创性是因为它革新了制作木制品的方法。故选C。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheUpsidetoBeingOutsideResearchshowsthatbeinginnaturemakespeoplefeelgood,whetherthey’reroughingitinthewildernessfordaysorjusthangingoutatalocalparkforawhile.OnestudywasconductedinthecityofBirmingham,Alabama.Researchersfoundthatmostparticipants’moodandwellbeingimprovedsignificantlywhentheyspenttimeinurbanparks,eventhoughtheaveragevisitwasonlyaroundhalfanhour.____16____Forexample,scientistsintheUnitedKingdomstudiedtheimpactofthe“30DaysWild”campaign.Itchallengedpeopletointeractwithnaturefor30daysbyenjoyingearthyactivitieslikefeedingbirdsandplantingflowers.Participantsweremeasurablyhappierandhealthierthroughoutthechallenge…andformonthsafterwards,too.____17____Howdoesnatureboostpeople’shappiness?Scientistssaythatspendingtimeinnaturalsettingsreducesstressandanxiety,whichbenefitsmentalandphysicalhealth.Researchshowsourbrainsaremorerelaxedinnaturalsettings.Tomostpeople,it’snotnewsthatnaturecanbecalming.Butmultiplestudieshavefoundthatspendingtimeinnaturealsohassomemoresurprisingbenefits,likeimprovingcreativityandproblemsolving._____18_____Anotherfoundthatexposuretonaturehelpedpeoplescorebetterontests.That’smoreproofthatgoingoutsideisasmartmove!Whataccountsfortheconnectionwithcognitionandcreativity?Itcouldbethatagooddoseofnatureactsasacuretoinformationoverload.Everydaylifeinvolvesalotofmultitasking.Somescientiststheorizethatspendingtimeinnatureenablesourbrainstorestandrecoverfrommentaltiredness.____19____Naturally,scientificstudiesdon’tcovereverythingthat’sgreataboutthegreatoutdoors._____20_____Fromrecreationandexercisetohappinessandcreativity,therearelotsofupsidestogettingoutside.A.Onestudyrevealedthatpeoplewerebetteratfiguringoutpuzzlesafterafourdaycampingtrip.B.Accordingtomanyscientificstudiesthere’sagoodchanceit’llmakeyouhappier,healthier,andmorecreative.C.What’smore,theliftpeoplegetfromnatureislonglasting.D.Lotsofpeopleenjoyfunactivitiesoutside,likeswimming,ridingbikes,orclimbingtrees.E.Whentheonlylightyou’veseenalldayistheglowofascreen,itmightbeagoodideatoswitchitoff.F.Thismeansthatwhetheryou’restudyingorplayingvideogames,headingoutsidetogiveyourbrainabreakmighthelpyougettothenextlevel.G.So,kickingbackinaparkisabitliketreatingyourmindtoarestfulminivacation.【答案】16.C17.G18.A19.F20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是户外活动的好处。【16题详解】根据空后的Forexample可知，空后内容是对该空的举例说明，所以该空为本段的主题句，根据空处所在段落的尾句“Participantsweremeasurablyhappierandhealthierthroughoutthechallenge…andformonthsafterwards,too.(在整个挑战过程中，参与者都更快乐、更健康……之后的几个月也是如此。)”可知，该段讲述的是在户外活动给参与者带来的快乐会持续很久，C选项“What’smore,theliftpeoplegetfromnatureislonglasting.(更重要的是，人们从大自然中获得的提升是持久的。)”表述的内容与举例说明中的内容一致，符合语境。故选C项。【17题详解】根据空前“Forexample,scientistsintheUnitedKingdomstudiedtheimpactofthe“30DaysWild”campaign.Itchallengedpeopletointeractwithnaturefor30daysbyenjoyingearthyactivitieslikefeedingbirdsandplantingflowers.Participantsweremeasurablyhappierandhealthierthroughoutthechallenge…andformonthsafterwards,too.(例如，英国科学家研究了“野外30天”运动的影响。它要求人们在30天内与大自然互动，享受像喂鸟和种花这样的朴实活动。参与者在整个挑战过程中以及之后的几个月里都明显更快乐、更健康。在整个挑战过程中，参与者都更快乐、更健康……之后的几个月也是如此。)”可知，该段讲述的是在户外活动给参与者带来快乐，G选项“So,kickingbackinaparkisabitliketreatingyourmindtoarestfulminivacation.(所以，在公园里放松一下有点像给你的大脑放个小长假。)”，是对前面的总结，符合语境。故选G项。【18题详解】根据空前“Butmultiplestudieshavefoundthatspendingtimeinnaturealsohassomemoresurprisingbenefits,likeimprovingcreativityandproblemsolving.(但多项研究发现，花时间在大自然中也有一些更令人惊讶的好处，比如提高创造力和解决问题的能力。)”中的multiplestudies以及空后句子“Anotherfoundthatexposuretonaturehelpedpeoplescorebetterontests.(另一项研究发现，接触大自然有助于人们在考试中取得更好的成绩。)”中的another可知，该空格应该是关于在户外好处的相关研究，A选项“Onestudyrevealedthatpeoplewerebetteratfiguringoutpuzzlesafterafourdaycampingtrip.(一项研究表明，人们在为期四天的露营旅行后更善于找出谜题。)”讲述的为一项关于户外好处的研究，符合语境。故选A项。【19题详解】根据空格处于尾句可知，该空应为本段的总结，根据空前“Somescientiststheorizethatspendingtimeinnatureenablesourbrainstorestandrecoverfrommentaltiredness.(一些科学家认为，花时间在大自然中可以让我们的大脑休息并从精神疲劳中恢复过来。)”可知，户外会让大脑得到休息，从精神疲劳中恢复过来，F选项“Thismeansthatwhetheryou’restudyingorplayingvideogames,headingoutsidetogiveyourbrainabreakmighthelpyougettothenextlevel.(这意味着无论你是在学习还是玩电子游戏，到外面去让你的大脑休息一下可能会帮助你达到一个新的水平。)”中的thismeans是对空前内容的解释，结合句意可知，F选项内容与空前内容吻合。故选F项。【20题详解】根据空后“Fromrecreationandexercisetohappinessandcreativity,therearelotsofupsidestogettingoutside.(从娱乐和锻炼到快乐和创造力，户外活动有很多好处。)”的recreation(娱乐)相关的户外活动为全文首次出现可以推断，此空处应提到相关内容，D选项“Lotsofpeopleenjoyfunactivitiesoutside,likeswimming,ridingbikes,orclimbingtrees.(很多人在外面享受有趣的活动，如游泳、骑自行车或爬树。)”中的funactivities以及其后的举例内容与空后内容一致。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Althoughitisdifficulttomakedirectyeartoyearparisonsbecauseofincreaseinviewingondigitaldevices,thetrendoverthepastdecadeisclearinnumerousstudies,includingtheNielsenratings.TheaverageageofthosewhowatchnationallytelevisedMajorLeagueBaseballgameshasbeen___21___theseyears.Askedinasurveywhetherthey___22___baseball,nearlytwothirdsofthoseages18to36saidno.MichaelHaupert,aprofessorofeconomicsattheUniversityofWisconsinlaCrossewhostudiesbaseballasabusiness,explainswhymanyyoungpeoplemightbe___23___bywhattoanolderandmoreknowledgeablefanisoneofthemostexcitingexperiencesinsports:anohitter.”Failureismore___24___thansuccess,”hesays.”Ifmystudentsgetathirdoftheanswersrightontheirtest,theyfail.However,ifaballplayergetsahitathirdofthetime,he’softenoneofthe___25___.”ButwatchanNBAgamefor15seconds,andyouwilllikelyseeoneteamscore.Itisnotsurprisingthat___26___thelengthofgamesaboutthreehoursinrecentyearsandincreasingthepaceofactionhasbeeasubjectofdiscussionamongthosewholovebaseball.MLBmissionerRobManfredisstrongly___27___ofboth.Forthe2018season,theleagueissuedasetofnewrulesdesignedtodojustthat.Moundvisitsarelimited.Atimercountdownisdesignedtoshortenthebreakbetweeninnings(局).Nooneknowsifanyofthesechangeswillsignificantlyshortengames.AccordingtoMLB,theaveragelengthofanineinningoutingthisseasonhasbeenthreehoursaboutfiveminutesshorterthanthe2017average,itselfthelongestmeanonrecord.Allofthoseproposedchangesseemto___28___thepoint.Iinterviewedatleast100semifansintheirlateteensandearly20sformyrecentbook.Allconsideredthemselvesfanstosomedegree,thoughthey___29___watchedmorethansnatches—oniPadsorsmartphones.Theytoldmeitmadenodifferencewhetheragamelastedtwoorthreehours:theywouldnotpayattentionfor___30___amountoftime.ThehistoricMay14SupremeCourtdecisionallowingallstatestolegalizesportsbettingcouldhaveanimpactonallthis.Morepeoplewillsoonbeabletogambleonsportswhilewatchingagameontheircouch.Butwhethe