新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1（思政智慧版）课件 Unit 3 Heroes of our time Section A

Unit3HeroesofourtimeIthinkaheroisanypersonreallyintentonmakingthisabetterplaceforallpeople.

—MayaAngelou(Americanpoet)

读写教程1Preview新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1Thestoriesofheroesinspireandencourageus.Sometimes,courageouspeoplearecalledheroeswhentheyachievegreatthings.Othertimes,howeverstrongtheirwillis,theyfailtoachievetheirgoal.Cantheybeconsideredheroeseveniftheireffortsfail?Whatmakesahero?Somesayheroeshavespecialqualitiesthatordinarypeoplecanneveracquire.Somesaythemainingredientofaheroisthedeterminationtodowhatisbestandtoservethoseinneed.Infact,thosewhodedicatetheirwholelifetohelpingPreview新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1peoplearoundtheworldandthosewhorushtohelppeoplearoundtheminthefaceofdangercanbothbecalledheroes.Therearefamousheroes,andthereareeverydayheroes.Youtoocanbeoneoftheordinarypeoplewhodoextraordinarythings!Whatwillyoudotobecomemorecourageous?Howwillyoustrengthenyourownabilitiesanddeterminationtoservethepeopleandsociety?SectionAPre-readingactivitiesDetailedstudyofthetextReading

comprehensionLanguagefocusStructureanalysisandwriting新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1Workinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1Whodeservestobecalledahero?Why?2Whatqualitiesdoyouthinkmakeahero?BraveryDedicationSelflessnessAgreatsenseofresponsibilityLoyalservicetosocietyandthecountryOther:__________________________新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionAPre-readingactivitiesWorkinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1Whodeservestobecalledahero?Why?Iregardthosewhorisktheirownlivestosaveotherpeopleasheroesbecausetheiractionsarebraveandheroic.Ialsothinkthosewhodevotetheirwholelifetoservingthepeople,thecountry,andeventheworlddeservetobecalledheroesbecausetheirdedicationtotheirworkistremendousandtheircontributionstothecountryandtheworldareextraordinary.GoodexamplesareYuanLongpingandTuYouyou.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionAPre-readingactivitiesWorkinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1Whodeservestobecalledahero?Why?Manypeopledeservetobecalledheroes.Therearethousandsofeverydayheroeswhodedicatethemselvestohelpingothers.Theycanbepoliceofficers,firefighters,doctors,nurses,teachers,andvolunteers,tonameafew.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionAPre-readingactivities新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionAPre-readingactivitiesWorkinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.2Whatqualitiesdoyouthinkmakeahero?Animportantqualityofheroesisselflessness.Selflesspeoplethinkmoreabouttheneedsandhappinessofotherpeoplethantheirown.Theyarewillingtosacrificetheirtime,theirenergy,andeventheirlifetohelpothers.Theyoftenprioritizeotherpeople’sneedsovertheirown,evenwhentheythemselvesaresufferingorstrugglingintheirownlives.Theirselflessnessmakesthemheroes.Workinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.2Whatqualitiesdoyouthinkmakeahero?Braveryisacommonqualitythatheroeshave.Whilebeingjustasafraidofdangerasthenextperson,heroeshavethecouragetoovercomefearandactbravelyinthefaceofdanger.Knowingverywellthatdangerliesahead,theydonothesitatebutleapintoaction.Facingdangerbravelyandrushingtohelpothersmakethosepeopleheroes.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionAPre-readingactivitiesTofeedtheworld1

Hewaswanderinginaricefieldofdreams.Theplantsweretallerthanaman.Theirearshungfullasbrooms,andeachgrainwasasbigasapeanut.Afterwalkingawhilehelaydown

intheleaf-shade,quitehidden.Arestwasagoodidea,becausethewonder-plantswentonandon.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionADetailedstudyofthetext2ThenYuanLongpingwokeup,laughing.Thericeplants,whichhehadtended

fordecadesatAnjiangandthenChangshainHunanProvince,sowingandnurturingthem,visitingdailyonhismotorbiketoinspectthem,werenotquitethere

yet.Buttheystilldeservedtheirnameofsuperrice.Theleaveswerestraighterandtallerthanordinaryones,andthegrainsplumper.Theyhadallthevigorofthewildstrainthatheandhisteam新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionADetailedstudyofthetexthadfoundinHainanin1970andhadcrossbred

withthedomesticatedvariety.Someskepticalpeopletoldhimhewaswastinghistime,sincericewasaself-pollinator.Hebelievedthatcrossbreedingwasuniversalandthatitalwaysmadetheoffspringstronger.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionADetailedstudyofthetext3

Thefiguresspokeforthemselves.Withhisnewhybridricetheannualyieldwas20%higher.Thismeantthatatleast70millionmorepeoplecouldbefedeveryyear.China’sriceyieldhadrisenfrom57milliontonsin1950to208millionin2022,transformingChinafromfooddeficiencytofoodsecurity.Higherriceyieldsallowedfarmerstoturnmorelandtootheruses–fruit,vegetables,fishponds–sothatpeoplenotonly新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionADetailedstudyofthetexthadmoretoeat,butatewell.AndthismessagewasforChina

aswellas

theworld.HetraveledacrossAsiaandtoAfricaandAmericatohelppeoplegrowrice,aswellasinvitinghisforeignpeers

toChinatosharehisresearch.Afifthofallricegrowngloballynowcomesfromhybridsthatwerehis.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionADetailedstudyofthetext4ForthisYuanLongpingwontheMedaloftheRepublic,China’shigheststatehonor,andtheWorldFoodPrize.HewaswidelyknownastheFatherofHybridRice,andevenanasteroidwasnamedafter

him.Althoughhewasfamous,hechosetostayawayfromthespotlight

anddevotedhimselftoricegrowing.Hisfacewasleatheredbythesunandhisbighandswereroughfrom“playinginthemud”allday.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionADetailedstudyofthetextHewasfarhappierinhisshort-sleevedworkshirts,outinhisricefield,thaninasuitinsomeconferencehall.AsanofficialoftheWorldFoodPrizeFoundationsaid,ProfessorYuanwasincrediblyhumble.Heneversoughtfameoradulation,butratherfocusedonlyonhardworkandresultsthatcouldhelperadicate

povertyandliftpeopleoutof

hunger.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionADetailedstudyofthetext5YuanLongpingwasborninBeijing,butheenjoyedthecountrysideandthethoughtofgrowingtastythings.Inspiredbyhisinitialinterest,hedecidedtostudyagricultureincollege.Aftergraduation,YuanLongpingtookajobasateacherinAnjiangAgriculturalSchool.Hesaid,“Havingenoughfoodwaspeople’spriority.”新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionADetailedstudyofthetext6YuanLongpinghadatfirst

workedon

grafting.Hegraftedmoonflowersonsweetpotatoes,tomatoesonpotatoes,andawatermelononapumpkin,butfoundthatanyinheritedtraitsvanishedinthesecondgeneration.Thenhereadaboutplantgenetics,andturnedhisfullattentionto

China’sstaple,rice.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionADetailedstudyofthetext7AsaboyhewasfascinatedbythedeliciousnessofXiaozhanRicefromTianjin,saidtobethebestinChinaatthattime.AroundAnjiang,whatthefarmerswantedwasquantity:miracle-yieldsfromtheirfields.Theywouldcrossthemountainstogetbetterseeds,sohedidthesame,travelingaroundChinatofindthestrongwildmale-sterileplantsheneeded.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionADetailedstudyofthetextOncehefoundthem,ittookthreeyearstoperfectthehybridizingandanotherthreetogethissuperriceintocommercialproduction.Then,inasteepcurve,yieldssoared

away.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionADetailedstudyofthetext8Hekeptonworking

tomakericebetter:salt-toleranttogrowbythecoast,crossbredwithcorntobemorenutritious,enrichedwithVitaminAtoimprovepeople’seyesight.Hismindwasfilledwiththethoughtthatifjusthalfofthericefieldsintheworldwereplantedwithhishybridrice,anincreaseinyieldoftwotonsperhectarewouldfeed400-500millionmorepeopleeveryyear.Andhestilltalkedofplantstallerthanaman.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionADetailedstudyofthetext9

OutsidethefuneralhomeinChangshaonthedayafterhisdeath,crowdscametolayamountainof

yellowandwhitechrysanthemums.Severalofthemournerssaidthatwhenevertheysatdowntoameal,ormerelysmelledthefragranceofrice,theywouldremember“GrandfatherYuan”.Amongtheflowerswerethetraditionalbowlsofboiledrice,thebestthingtocommemoratetheFatherofHybridRice.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1SectionADetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaningbeyondwords:Thetitleindicatesthat“tofeedtheworld”isYuanLongping’sambition.Indeed,hededicatedallhislifetodevelopinghybridriceinordertofeedtheworld.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Hewaswalkingleisurelyinaricefield,whichlookedlikedreamland.

Meaningbeyondwords:Thesentenceimpliesthatthescenewasnotreal.Itwasasceneinsomeone’sdream.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Afterwalkingawhilehelaydownintheshadeofthericeleaves,andhecouldhardlybeseen.

新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

liedown:putyourselfinapositioninwhichyourbodyisflatonthefloororonabed躺下

Selinalaydownonthesofaandshuthereyes,thinkingwhattodonext.塞利娜躺在沙发上，闭上眼睛，想着接下来做什么。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Itwasagoodideatotakearest,becausethereweresomanyoftheseamazingplantsthatitseemedhardtoreachtheendofthefield.

新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaningbeyondwords:Thissentenceshowswhatisdescribedinthefirstparagraphisnotarealscene.ItisadreamYuanLongpinghad.Helaughedbecausehisambitionofgrowingwonder-plantswasrealizedinthedream.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:FordecadesinAnjiangandthenChangshainHunanProvince,hehadtakencareofthericeplants,sowingandlookingafterthem,andvisitingthemeverydayonhismotorbiketoexaminetheirgrowingconditions.Butthesericeplantswerenotwhathewantedthemtobeyet.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

tend:v.(also~to)takecareofsb.orsth.照顾；照料；看护Thenursecarefullytendedherpatients,sotheyrecoveredveryquickly.护士精心地照顾她的病人，所以他们很快就康复了。vi.(~todosth.)belikelytobehaveinaparticularwayorhaveaparticularcharacteristic倾向；易于；往往会Researchershavefoundthathappypeopletendtohavemorefriends.研究者发现快乐的人往往朋友更多。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

nurture:

vt.1)providethecareandattentionnecessaryforayoungchild,animal,orplanttogrowanddevelop养育；培育Theseplantsareusuallynurturedinthegreenhouse.这些植物通常是在温室里培育的。

2)helpsb.orsth.todevelop

培养；促进；助长Aspresidentoftheuniversity,sheregardsitasherresponsibilitytonurturetalentforthecountry.作为大学校长，她以为国家培养人才为己任。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1n.[U]thecareandattentiongiventosth.orsb.inordertohelpthemdevelop养育；培育；培养；教育

Manypeoplebelievethatnurturehasastrongerinfluencethannatureonhowchildrendevelop.很多人相信，对孩子的成长来说，后天教育比先天条件影响更大。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

be/getthere:(infml.)usedforsayingthatsb.hasachieved/isgoingtoachievesuccess已/将要获得成功Ihadhopedtocomposeseveralpoemsforthemagazine,butI’mnotquitethereyet.我原本希望为杂志创作几首诗，但是我还没完全写好。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Buttheywerestillworthyofbeingcalledsuperrice.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

deserve:

vt.haveearnedsth.bygoodorbadactionsorbehavior应得，应受到（奖赏或惩罚）Althoughtheydidn’twinthechampionship,theystilldeserveourrespectduetotheirefforts.虽然他们没有赢得冠军，但他们付出了努力，仍然值得我们尊重。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

plump:

a.

1)largeandroundinanattractiveway圆鼓鼓的；又大又圆的Theseplump,juicygrapesarecurrentlyinseason,givingthemanexcellenttaste!这些葡萄正当季，饱满多汁，味道极佳！2)slightlyfat,inapleasantway

胖乎乎的；丰满的HehasgotratherplumpsinceIsawhimlasttime.

自从我上次见到他以来，他胖了不少。Detailedstudyofthetext后半句

andthegrainsplumper是省略句，省略的部分是句子的谓语动词were，完整的句子应该是andthegrainswereplumper。省略句在英语中相当常见。省略是为了避免重复，突出新信息，并使上下文连接紧密。可以省略的句子成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语。例如：

SentencestructurenoteSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextWe’lldothebestwecan.

我们将尽力而为。（can

后面省略了谓语动词do）

Hespentpartofthemoneyandsavedtherest.那笔钱他花了一部分，其余的存了起来。（therest后面省略了定语ofthemoney)SentencestructurenoteSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:ThesericeplantshadallthestrengthofthewildstrainthatheandhisteamhadfoundinHainanin1970andhadcrossbredwiththetypeofricethathadalreadybeencultivatedforfood.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

vigor:n.[U]energy,force,orenthusiasm精力；力量；活力；热情Jenniferwaspickedtoleadtheteambecauseofhervigorandenthusiasm.詹妮弗因为有活力、有热情，所以被选中来带领这个团队。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

strain:

n.[C]atypeofanimal,plant,ordisease系；品系；品种；类型Scientistshavediscoveredanewstrainoftheviruswhichismuchmoredangerous.科学家们已经发现了一种危险性更大的新毒株。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

breed:vt.producenewplantsoranimalsfromexistingones,esp.inordertoproduceplantsoranimalswithparticularqualities培植；育（种）

ThesedogswereoriginallybredinScotlandtoroundupsheep.

这些狗最初在苏格兰是为了赶羊而饲养的。

vi.ifanimalsbreed,theybecometheparentsofyounganimals（动物）生育，繁殖

Whiletheanimalsarestillimmature,theydonotbreed.

这些动物未发育完全时不会繁殖。

DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1n.[C]aparticulartypeofanimalorplant（动植物的）品种，种What’syourfavoritebreedofdog?你最喜欢哪个品种的狗?DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

crossbreed:

vt.makeonekindofaplantoranimalbreedwithadifferentbreed使杂交Crossbreedingplantsiscommonpracticeinagriculture,whereplantsareselectivelybredtocreateimprovedvarieties.植物杂交在农业中是一种常见的做法，通过选择性地培育植物以创造出改良品种。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

domesticate:vt.bringanimalsorplantsunderhumancontrolinordertoprovidefood,power,orcompany

驯化；驯养；人工培植

Dogswereprobablythefirstanimalstobedomesticatedbyhumanbeings.狗很可能是被人类最早驯化的动物。★

domesticated:

a.(ofanimalsorplants)broughtunderhumancontrolinordertoprovidefood,power,orcompany（动物）驯化的；（植物）人工培养的Whatarethedifferencesbetweenwildriceanddomesticatedrice?野生水稻和人工栽培的水稻有什么区别？DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaningbeyondwords:ThissentenceindicatesthatsomeskepticalpeoplethoughtYuanLongping’sworkwaspointlessandhewouldnotbesuccessfulbecausericewasaself-pollinatingplantandcouldnotbecrossbred.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

skeptical:

a.(BrE

sceptical)tendingtodisagreewithwhatotherpeopletellyou持怀疑态度的；不相信的

Ifsomeoneisskepticalaboutyourability,don’tbediscouraged.Provethemwrong.如果有人对你的能力表示怀疑，不要泄气。去证明他们是错的。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Hebelievedthatcrossbreedingwascommonandexistedeverywhereandthatcrossbreedingalwaysmadenewgenerationsofthespeciesstronger.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

offspring:

n.[C](pl.offspring)theyoungofananimalorplant崽兽；幼崽；幼苗

Theboywasexcitedtoseealionanditsoffspringinthezoo.在动物园看到一头狮子和它的幼崽，那个男孩很激动。

sb.’schildorchildren子女；子孙；后代

Isawayoungmothertryingtodisciplineheroffspring.我看到一个年轻的妈妈正在试图管教自己的孩子。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Thefiguresshowedclearlythesuccessofthehybridrice.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

speakforitself/themselves:showsth.veryclearly不言而喻；不辩自明

Herknowledgeandexperienceareunmatched.Hersuccessspeaksforitself.她的知识和经验无人能及。她的成功说明了一切。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Hisnewhybridricemadetheannualriceproductionincreaseby20%.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

hybrid:

a.relatingtoorproducedfromparentsofdifferentspecies,varieties,orbreeds杂交的Hybridplantscanhappennaturallyinnature,orartificiallybymanualpollination.杂交植物可以在自然界中自然产生，也可以通过人工授粉培育。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1n.[C]1)ananimalorplantproducedfromparentsofdifferentbreedsortypes杂交动物；杂交植物；杂交而成的生物体Amuleisahybridofadonkeyandahorse.

骡子是驴和马所生的杂交动物。

2)sth.thatconsistsoforcomesfromamixtureoftwoormoreotherthings（两种或两种以上不同物质组成的）混合体HisworkisaninterestinghybridoftraditionalChinesemusicandpopularmusic.他的作品是中国传统音乐与流行音乐的有趣结合。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:China’sriceyieldhadincreasedfrom57milliontonsin1950to208millionin2022,andtheincreaseinriceyieldhascompletelychangedChinafromacountryoffoodshortagetooneoffoodsecurity.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

transform:vt.completelychangetheappearance,form,orcharacterofsth.orsb.,esp.inawaythatimprovesit使改观；使变形；使转化Thepresidentoftheuniversitysaidthattheyweretryingtheirbesttotransformtheiruniversityintoatopuniversityinthecountry.这所大学的校长表示，他们正竭尽全力把他们的学校建设成为全国的一流大学。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

deficiency:n.[C,U](fml.)1)alackofsth.thatisnecessary不足；缺乏Hisbloodtestrevealsadeficiencyincertainmineralsandvitamins.他的验血结果显示他缺乏某些矿物质和维生素。2)aweaknessorfaultinsth.缺点；毛病Ifstudentsdon’tstudytheirlessonsastheyaretold,deficiencieswillshowupquicklywhentheytakeanexam.如果学生们不按要求学习课程，那么考试的时候他们的不足马上就会暴露出来。DetailedstudyofthetextNoteSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextFoodsecurityisthemeasureoftheavailabilityoffoodandindividuals’abilitytoaccessit.AccordingtotheUnitedNations’CommitteeonWorldFoodSecurity,foodsecuritymeansthatallpeople,atalltimes,havephysical,socialandeconomicaccesstosufficient,safe,andnutritiousfoodthatmeetstheirfoodpreferencesanddietaryneedsforanactiveandhealthylife.SectionAMeaning:AndthemessagethathigherriceyieldscouldenablepeopletoeatmoreandbetterwasinspirationalnotonlyforChinabutalsofortheworld.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

aswellassth./sb.:inadditiontosth.orsb.else（除…之外）也，还Thismovieisasuccessbecauseofitsexcellentcastaswellasitsmovingstory.凭借优秀的演员阵容和感人的故事，这部电影获得了成功。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

peer:

n.[C,usu.pl.]apersonwhoisthesameageorwhohasthesamesocialstatusasyou身份（或地位）相同的人；同龄人；同辈Hissincerityandenthusiasmmadehimpopularamonghispeers.他既真诚又热情，因此很受同龄人欢迎。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1

vi.lookcloselyorcarefullyatsth.,esp.whenyoucannotseeitclearly仔细看；端详Thedriverwaspeeringthroughthewetwindscreenatthecarsahead.司机透过湿漉漉的挡风玻璃盯着前面的汽车。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:TwentypercentofallricegrownintheworldnowcomesfromthehybridriceYuanLongpingdeveloped.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextNoteSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextThewordthisreferstothefactthatafifthofallricegrowngloballynowcomesfromhybridsthatwerehis,asstatedinthelastsentenceofPara.3.Theexpressionfor

thisisasignalforthecause-and-effectrelationship.ItisplacedatthebeginningofthesentencetocloselyconnectthecausestatedinPara.3andtheeffectgiveninPara.4,andtoenhancethecoherencebetweenthetwoparagraphs.Besides,itisusedtoemphasizeforwhatYuanLongpingwontheMedaloftheRepublicandtheWorldFoodPrize.CulturenotesSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextWorldFoodPrizeTheWorldFoodPrizeisaninternationalawardrecognizingtheachievementsofindividualswhohaveadvancedhumandevelopmentbyimprovingthequality,quantity,oravailabilityoffoodintheworld.Establishedin1986,theprizeispromotedasthehighesthonorinthefieldoffoodandagriculture.ItisnowadministeredbytheWorldFoodPrizeFoundationwithsupportfromnumeroussponsors.Since1987,theprizehasbeenawardedCulturenotesSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1Detailedstudyofthetextannuallytorecognizecontributionsinanyfieldinvolvedintheworldfoodsupply,suchasanimalscience,nutrition,health,plantscience,seedscience,cropprotection,foodtechnology,foodsafety,andpovertyandhungeralleviation.SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

namesb./sth.aftersb./sth:givesb.orsth.thesamenameassb.orsth.else以…的名字给…取名

In1964,anasteroidwasnamedafterZuChongzhi,afamousastronomerinSouthernandNorthernDynasties.1964年，一颗小行星以南北朝时期著名天文学家祖冲之的名字命名。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Althoughhewasverywell-known,hepreferrednottoreceivealotofpublicattentionandspentallhistimeandeffortgrowingrice.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

spotlight:n.(the~)asituationinwhichyougetalotofpublicattention公众的瞩目Thereporthasturnedthespotlightontheproblemofanagingpopulation.该报道使人们将关注的目光投向了人口老龄化问题。2)[C]apowerfullightthatshinesonasmallarea,e.g.inatheater聚光灯Shestoodonstageinthespotlight,feelingrathernervous.

站在舞台的聚光灯下，她感到相当紧张。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

devoteoneselfto:doeverythingonecantoachievesth.orhelpsb.献身于；专心致力于Shehasdevotedallofherselftotakingcareoforphans.她一生致力于照顾孤儿。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Ashehadbeenexposedtothesunforalongtime,hisfacebecameroughanddark;becausehehadworkedinthemudallday,hishandswerenotsmoothanymore.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextNoteThewordleathercanbeusedasaverb,meaning“whipwithorasifwithaleatherstrap（用皮带等抽打）”.InthissentenceleatheredisusedfigurativelytoshowYuanLongpinghadspentsomuchtimeworkinginthesunthathisskinbecamerough.SectionAMeaning:Hefeltmuchhappierwhenheworkedinthericefieldwearingshort-sleevedworkshirtsthanattendingameetinginsomeconferencehallwearingasuit.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:AnofficialoftheWorldFoodPrizeFoundationsaidthatProfessorYuanwasextremelymodest.Heneverlookedforfameorflattery.Rather,hisattentionwasonlygiventoworkinghardandgettingtheresultsthatcouldhelpremovepovertyandhelppeoplegetridofhunger.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

humble:

a.1)notproudorthinkingyouarebetterthanotherpeople谦逊的；谦虚的Sheisaverysuccessfulfashiondesigner,butsheisveryhumble.她是一名很成功的时装设计师，但却非常谦虚。

2)fromalowsocialclass（社会地位）低下的，卑微的EvenwhenVincentbecameafamouswriter,heneverforgothishumblebackground.即使文森特成了有名的作家，他也从未忘记自己平凡的出身。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

fame:

n.[U]thestateofbeingfamous名声；声望；名誉Shedidnotleaveherhometowntoseekfameandfortune;shewillcomebackwithskillstohelpthelocalpeople.她不是为了追逐名利才离开家乡的，她会带着技能回来帮助当地人。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

adulation:

n.[U]greatpraiseoradmiration,esp.forsb.whoisfamous（尤指对名人的）过分的赞扬，恭维Hewasarocksuperstar,butheneverenjoyedtheadulationofhisfans.

他是摇滚巨星，但他从来都不喜欢歌迷对他的吹捧。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

focus:

v.1)concentrateonsth.andpayparticularattentiontoit聚焦；集中（注意力）Thereporthelpedtofocuspeople’sattentiononclimatechange.这篇报道促使人们关注气候变化。

2)turnapartonacamera,telescope,microscope,etc.untilyoucanseesth.clearly调节（照相机、望远镜、显微镜等的）焦距

Judyquicklyfocusedthecameraonherchildren.朱迪迅速把照相机的镜头对准了她的孩子们。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1n.[sing.]thething,person,situation,etc.thatpeoplepayspecialattentionto焦点；重点

Weshouldmaintainourfocusontheneedsofthestudents.我们应该继续重点关注学生们的需求。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★eradicate:vt.completelygetridofsth.suchasadiseaseorasocialproblem根除；消灭MalariahasbeeneradicatedinChina.中国已经消除了疟疾。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

poverty:

n.[U]thesituationorexperienceofbeingpoor贫穷；贫困Chinahaseliminatedtheproblemofabsolutepoverty,whichhasplaguedtheChinesenationforthousandsofyears.中国已经消除了困扰中华民族几千年的绝对贫困问题。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

liftsb.outofsth.:improvethesituationthatsb.isin改善Educationcanliftpeopleoutofpovertyandenablecommunitiestogroweconomically.教育能使人们摆脱贫困，并让社区实现经济增长。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Hewasstimulatedbyhisinitialinterestingrowingtastythings,anddecidedtostudyagricultureincollege.

新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Hesaidthatthemostimportantthingthatpeoplemustdealwithwashavingenoughfood.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1★

priority:

n.1)[C]sth.important,thatmustbedonefirstorneedsmoreattentionthananythingelse优先考虑的事；重点Youhavetolearntogetyourprioritiesright.你必须学会把自己的事情分出轻重缓急。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第