全新版大学英语第二版《综合教程》（第2册）Ways of Learning

立德树人协同育人全面发展

全新版大学英语第二版《综合教程》（第2册）Waysof

Learning

雷红陈静刘颖王兆飞

北京航空航天大学

1.TeachingObjectives

BeforeClass

2.Warm-up

InClass

3.Reading&Digesting

X4.CulturalReflection&ValueCultivation

5.CriticalThinking

AfterClass

6.Summary&Assignments

1.TeachingObjectives

Recognizewordsandexpressionsrelatedtoinheritanceand

1innovation

ComprehendChinesephilosophyoftherelationshipbetween

2

traditionandcreativity

3IdentifyChina’sinnovationsinscienceandtechnology

Understandthesignificanceofpreservingandsafeguarding

4China’sIntangibleCulturalHeritage

BeforeClass

Youaresupposedto

1.Finishreadingthetextsinthisunit,graspthemainideasofthe

textsandlearnthenewwordsorexpressions;

2.Watchthewritingtutorialvideoon“ComparisonandContrast

Essay”andlearnhowtowriteacomparison/contrastessay;

3.Readthepassageabout“InheritanceandInnovation”;

4.Watchthevideo“What’sDrivingChina’sstrideininnovation”

andnotedownthefactorsthatdroveChina’sinnovation.

2.Warm-up1

HerearetwoversionsofWindowsOS.Doyouknowwhichonewasbetter

receivedwhentheywerefirstlaunchedandwhatthepossiblereasonsare?

Windows8

Windows10

2.Warm-up1

WhileWindows8wascriticizedforbeingtoo

“new”andhaving“innovatedtoomuch”,

Windows10lookslikebothWindows7and8,

mixedandmashedinordertosatisfytwo

imaginaryaudiencesatonce:thosepeoplewho

wantinnovationsandthosewhowanttraditions.

Question:Whatdoestheanecdotetellusabouttraditionandinnovation?

PossibleAnswer:Theyarebothimportant.Innovationsshouldbelinkedto

theolddesigncoherently.Otherwisetheymaynotwork.

2.Warm-up2

BasedonthePassageyou’vereadbeforeclass,translatethequotesinto

Chineseandmatchthemwiththeirauthors.

1.Therefore,ifthereshouldbeasuccessortotheZhou

YangXiong

Dynasty,evenahundredgenerationsfromnow,itscodes

其或继周者，虽百世可知也。

ofetiquettecouldbeforetold.

2.TheoperationofD其ao夫in道vol有ves因in有her循ita，nce有an革dc有on化tin。uity,LiuXie

andinnovationandchange.Onlythroughinheritanceand

continuitycanwe因ful而lye循xp之lor，eth与e道my神ste之ryo。fDao.

3.Eversinceancienttimes,writersfromgenerationtoConfucius

generationha古ve来ma辞de人rem，ar异ka代ble接ac武hie，vem莫en不ts,参through

inheritance,c（hansgāen,）and伍in以no相vat变ion，,in因ac革co以rda为nce功w。ith

circumstances.

2.Warm-up2

Nowanswerthequestions.

1.WhatdidthesegreatthinkerstellusaboutYin(因)andGe(革)?

2.Thinkaboutthetraditionsofyouruniversity.Whichonewouldyouliketo

inheritandinnovate?

PossibleAnswers:

1.Yinimpliesinheritanceoradoption,whereasgemeansreformor

innovation.Alltheseideasreflectaunityofopposites,stressingconstant

changeinhistoryandtradition,favoringinnovationgroundedinpast

experienceandachievements,aswellasavoidingeitherunquestioning

adherencetoconventionorblindpursuitofnovelty.

2.Open-ended.

2.Warm-up3

Watchthevideo“Shanghai'stextbookstobetranslatedforUK

classrooms”andanswerthefollowingquestions.

2.Warm-up3

1.WhydidtheUKwanttotranslatethesetextbooksforuseintheir

classrooms,accordingtothereport?

2.WhatattitudedoBritisheducationalauthoritiesshowtowards

Chinesewayoflearninginthisincident?

PossibleAnswers:

1.MathteachingandlearningissuccessfulinShanghai.Havingjust

onetextbookinsteadofmanypublisherscouldbeabetterwayof

helpingchildrenlearnmath.

2.TheyareeagertolearnfromChina’ssuccessandimprove

themselves.

2.Warm-up3

3.Question:Whyareconstantinnovatingandimprovingimportant?

PossibleAnswers:

1.Innovationistheprimarydrivingforcefordevelopment,andscienceand

technologiesarepowerfultoolstoovercomedifficulties.

创新是引领发展的第一动力，科技是战胜困难的有力武器。（习近

平同志2020年9月11日在科学家座谈会上的讲话）

2.Innovationisthesouldrivinganation’sprogressandaninexhaustible

sourceofacountry'sprosperity.ItisalsoanessentialpartoftheChinese

nationalcharacter.

创新是一个民族进步的灵魂，是一个国家兴旺发达的不竭动力，也

是中华民族最深沉的民族禀赋。（《习近平谈治国理政》2014:55-56）

2.Warm-up3

TranslatethefollowingsayingsintoEnglishandthinkwhattheysayabout

innovation.

p苟日新，日日新，又日新。(汤之盘铭)

Ifwecanrenovateourselvesinoneday,weshoulddosoeveryday,andkeep

buildingonimprovement.

p作新民。(《尚书•康诰》)

Peopleshouldbeencouragedtodiscardtheoldandembracethenew,giveupevil

ideas,andliveuptohighmoralstandards.

p周虽旧邦，其命维新。(《诗经》)

Thoughitwasanancientstate,Zhousawitsfuturelyingincontinuouslyrenewing

itself.

p是故君子无所不用其极。（《礼记·大学》）

Therefore,junzi(menofvirtue)shouldstrivetoexcelthemselvesinallaspectsand

atalltimes.（参考译文均来自外研社“中国文化思想术语库”）

3.Reading&Digesting:Background

Settingofthestory

ThebustlingeasternChinesecityofNanjing

uThecapitalcityofJiangsuProvince

uAportontheYangtzeRiver

uAmajorindustrialandcommunicationscentre

uAfamoushistoricalandculturalcitysinceit

wasestablished2,500yearsago

3.Reading&Digesting:Background

Nanjing:theCapitalofTenRegimes

oneoftheFour

AncientCapitals

3.Reading&Digesting:Background

Whichofthefollowingisnotanalternativenamefor

Nanjing?

Jinling金陵,Jiankang建康,Jianye建业,Moling秣陵,

Shendu√神都,Yingtian应天

WhichofthefollowingbookswerecompiledinNanjing?

（《文

√“TheLiteraryMindandtheCarvingofDragons”

心雕龙》)

√“Thousand-CharacterClassic”（《千字文》)

“Surnames”(《百家姓》)

“CompendiumofMateriaMedica”（《本草纲目》)

√“Anthology”（《昭明文选》)

3.Reading&Digesting:Background

TheStreetofMansions

LiuYuxi

BesidetheBridgeofBirdsrankgrasses乌衣巷

overgrow;【唐】刘禹锡

朱雀桥边野草花，

OvertheStreetofMansionsthesetting乌衣巷口夕阳斜。

sunhangslow.旧时王谢堂前燕，

Swallowswhichskimmedbypainted飞入寻常百姓家。

eavesinbygonedays

Aredippingnowamongthehumble

homes’doorways.ImageofNanjingin

(TranslatedbyXuYuanchong,XuMing)classicpoems

3.Reading&Digesting:Background

MooredonRiverQinhuai

DuMu泊秦淮

Coldriverwithsandbarsveiledinmisty【唐】杜牧

moonlight,烟笼寒水月笼沙，

ImooronRiverQinhuainearwineshops夜泊秦淮近酒家。

atnight.商女不知亡国恨，

隔江犹唱后庭花。

Thesongstressknowingnotthegriefof

conqueredland,

Stillsingsthesongcomposedbya

captiveking'shand.ImageofNanjingin

(TranslatedbyXuYuanchong)classicpoems

3.Reading&Digesting:Background

Nanjingisrenownedforfinecraftmanshipdatedfurther

than12thcenturybutstillwell-preservedtoday.

Nanjing’ssilkbrocadeisknownas

yunjin(云锦),meaning“beautifulasclouds

atsunset”.

Theartofronghua(绒

花),orvelvetflower

making.

3.Reading&Digesting:Background

3.Reading&Digesting:Background

Nanjinglaunchedaprogramin2018

tobuilditselfintoamajorglobal

innovationhubby2025.

Nanjing’sambitionincreatingafirst-class

innovationecosystemisbackedbyitsrich

scientificandeducationalresources.

3.Reading&Digesting:Background

Now,let’s

watchtheflash

mob“Thisis

Nanjing”to

understandthe

city’sroadof

innovationfrom

ancienttimesup

totoday.

3.Reading&Digesting:Background

Canyoutellthefourmodern

innovativefieldsmentioned

inthevideo?

1.Constructionofsmartcities

2.Grainproductandsmart

management

3.Healthcareindustry

4.Telecommunications

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

Topic:DifferentApproachestoLearninginChinaandtheWest

Introductionby_a_n__A_n_e_c_d_o_te__

Developmentby_C__o_m_p_a_r_is_o_n__a_n_d_C_o_n_t_r_a_st_

Conclusionby_a_S_u_g_g_e_s_ti_o_n_

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

Thefollowingsentencesarerelatedtotheauthor’swritingpurpose.

TranslatethemintoChineseandanswerthequestionsaftereach

sentence.

1.TheWestvalueoriginalityandindependencemorethantheChinesedo.

翻译：西方人比中国人更重视创新和自立。

Question:DoestheauthormeantheChinesedonothavemuchoriginality

andindependence?

PossibleAnswer:

No.Becausehesaysimmediatelythathedoesn’twanttooverstatehiscase

andthattheChinesealsoshowgreatcreativityintheirachievements.

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

2.ThereisenormouscreativitytobefoundinChinesescientific,technological

andartisticinnovationspastandpresent.

翻译：无论在过去还是当今，中国在科学、技术和艺术革新方面都展示了

巨大的创造力。

Question:Namesomeexampleswhichshowenormouscreativity.

PossibleAnswers:

1.Zucalculatedtheratioofthecircumferenceofacircletoitsdiameterat

between3.1415926and3.1415927,afigurewhichwasnotsurpassedin

accuracyuntil900yearslater.

2.ChinasentChang’e-5tothedesignatedorbitonin2020.FromChing’e-1to

Chang’e-5,aerospaceworkershavenotonlyshownarelentlessspiritintheir

pursuitofspaceexploration,butalsoself-relianceandinnovation.

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

3.Whenanyinnovationisexaminedclosely,itsrelianceonprevious

achievementsisalltooapparent.

翻译：如果仔细审视任何一项创新，其对以往成就的依赖都显而易见。

Question:Whatdoesthissentencesayabouttherelationshipbetween

traditionandinnovation?

PossibleAnswer:ThisbringsusbacktotheancientChinesephilosophyof

“InheritanceandInnovation”,whichstressesthatblindpursuitofnovelty

shouldbeavoided,andthatinnovationisgroundedinpastexperienceand

achievements.

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

4.Canwegather,fromtheChineseandAmericanextremes,asuperiorway

toapproacheducation,perhapsstrikingabetterbalancebetweenthepolesof

creativityandbasicskills?

翻译：我们能否从中美两国极端中寻求一种更好的教育方式，或许能

在创造力和基本技能这两极之间达到某种更好的平衡？

Question:Whatcouldthissuperiorwaybeinyouropinion?

Open-ended.

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

WritingSkills:ComparisonandContrast

Answerthequestionswithwhatyou’velearnedfromthetutorialvideo.

1.Whatisthedifferencebetweencomparisonandcontrast?

2.WhatarethetwotypicalpatternsoforganizationofComparisonand

Contrastessay?

PossibleAnswers:

1.Comparisoninwritingdiscusseselementsthataresimilar,while

contrastinwritingdiscusseselementsthataredifferent.

2.Blockorganizationandpoint-by-pointorganization.

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

Beforewritingacomparison/contrastessay,youcouldanswerthe

threequestionsfirst.

1.Forwhatpurposeareyoumakingthecomparison/contrast?

(Purpose)

2.Whatobjectsareyougoingtocompare/contrast?(Objectsof

Comparison/Contrast)

3.Whatpointsareyougoingtocompare/contrast?(Pointsof

Comparison/Contrast,POC)

ThisisthePOPmethodinplanningacomparison/contrastessay.

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

FillinthetablewiththePurpose,ObjectsandPOCoftextA.

PurposeTorecognizethedifferencesandthenproposeawaytobalancethem.

ObjectsChineseWaysofLearningWesternWaysofLearning

POCInChinaIntheWest

Showingthechildwhattodo,soLettingthechildexplore,sothathe

Conceptthathewillbehappy,learnhowtowilllearntothinkforhimself,to

accomplishthetasksoonerandsolveproblemsonhisown,andeven

proceedtomorecomplexactivitiestodiscovernewproblems

PrioritiesTraditionbeforeoriginalityCreativitybeforetradition

ChineseteachersarefearfulthatifAmericaneducatorsfearthatunless

Fearsteachers

skillsarenotacquiredearly,theycreativityhasbeenacquiredearly,it

harbor

mayneverbeacquired.mayneveremerge.

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

Nowlet’spracticethewritingskills.First,lookatthefollowingpictures.

GlobalInnovationIndex(GII)is

releasedbytheWorldIntellectual

PropertyOrganization(WIPO),

inconjunctionwithCornell

UniversityandINSEAD.In2007

whentheindexwasfirstreleased,

Chinaranked29th.In2018,

Chinabrokeintotheworld’stop

20most-innovativeeconomies.

In2020China’srankingroseto

14th.

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

Youarerequiredtowritearesponseessaytothe

question“IsChinaLeadinginGlobalInnovation?”

whichshouldcoverthefollowingaspects:

1.China’sprogressininnovationinthepast

decade

2.Gapwhencompared

withothercountriesGroupWork:Nowdiscusswithyour

3.Yourcommentsfellowstudentsonhowtowriteyour

essay.UsethePOPtableonthenext

slidetohelpwithyourplanning.Thinkof

atleast3aspectstocompare/contrast.

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

FillinthetablewiththePurpose,ObjectsandPOCoftheessayyouare

planning.

POPTable1

PurposeChina’sprogressinthelastdecade

ObjectsChinainthepastChinatoday

POC1.R&Dfunding1.R&Dfunding

2.Intellectualproperty(IP)2.Intellectualproperty(IP)

protectionsprotections

3.Governmentmeasures3.Governmentmeasures

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

FillinthetablewiththePurpose,ObjectsandPOCoftheessayyouare

planning.

POPTable2

PurposeChina’sgapwithothercountries

ObjectsChinaOtherleadingcountries,e.g.theUS

POC1.Lackoffirst-classinnovative1.Lackoffirst-classinnovative

talentstalents

2.Insufficientbasic&applied2.Insufficientbasic&applied

researchresearch

3.Lowmarketvalueand3.Lowmarketvalueand

developmentdegreedevelopmentdegree

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

Thefollowingslides,basedonthePOPTable1,demonstratehowyou

couldmakethecomparison/contrastwithstatisticsandfacts.

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

1.R&Dfunding

Inrecentdecades,Chinahas

increasinglyprioritizedR&D,

withspendingasapercentof

GDPrisingfrom0.72percent

in1991to2.13percentin

2017.Theimmensesizeof

China’seconomymeansthat

itsR&Dexpenditureisnow

secondonlytotheUnited

Statesat$442.7billion(in

2010USD).

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

2Intellectualproperty(IP)protections

Chinahasrapidlybecometheworld

leaderinpatentapplications.

AccordingtotheWIPO,

Chinafiledroughly161,000patent

applicationsin2007,accountingfor

just8.5percentoftheglobaltotal.A

decadelater,Chinafiledmorethan

1.3millionpatentapplications,

accountingfor40percentofall

applicationsin2017.

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

3.GovernmentmeasuresImprovementsinprimaryand

secondaryeducationhavehelped

promoteChineseinnovation.The

MinistryofEducationspentnearly

$30billionontertiaryvocational

schoolsin2017,a10.2percent

increasefromthepreviousyear.In

February2019,Beijingunveiled

twonewnationaleducationplans

designedtoboostaccesstoandthe

qualityofvocationcentersacross

thecountry.

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

3.Governmentmeasures

MeanwhileChinauses

technologyto

reconstructthemodelof

cultivatinginnovative

talents.China’s

entrepreneurial

innovationeducation

hasalsobeeneffective

intheseyears.

ThenumberofentriesforChina’s“Internet+”InnovationandEntrepreneurship

Competitionincreasedfrom110,000in2016to550,000in2018.

3.Reading&Digesting:TextComprehension

ThePOPmethodiseffectiveinplanningacomparison/contrastessay.Try

usingthemethodtoplanthesecondpartofyouressayafterclass.Don’t

forgettorespondtothequestioninthedirectioninthebeginningandrestate

thatresponseattheend.

Youcouldwatchtheattachedvideo“What’sdrivingChina’sstridesin

innovation”forinspirations.

3.Reading&Digesting:LanguageStudy

Traditionn.

acustomorbeliefthathasexistedfora

longtime.传统

中华民族有着深厚文化传统，形成了富

有特色的思想体系，体现了中国人几千

年来积累的知识智慧和理性思辨。

Therichculturaltraditionsandthesystemofthoughtwithindigenous

featuresembodytheknowledge,wisdom,andrationalthinking

Chinesepeoplehavegarneredovermillennia.

3.Reading&Digesting:LanguageStudy

Attachv.

~importance,significance,value,weight,

etc.(tosth):tobelievethatsthisimportant

orworththinkingabout认为有重要性

（或意义、价值、分量等）；重视

中国传统文化非常重视教育，将教育视

为提高人的价值、促进事业发展的一种

手段。

TraditionalChinesecultureattachedgreatimportancetoeducationas

ameansofenhancingaperson’sworthandcareer.

3.Reading&Digesting:LanguageStudy

Initialadj.

happeningatthebeginning;first最初的；

开始的；第一的

它不是洗脑神曲，却是我们国家经典的

民乐作品代表。相信总有一段熟悉的旋

律，会唤起你对春节最初的记忆。

ThismusicisnotpropagandabutratherclassicChineseorchestral

works.Believeitornot,therewillalwaysbeamelodythatevokes

yourinitialmemoriesabouttheSpringFestival.

3.Reading&Digesting:LanguageStudy

Evolvev.

(causeto)developgradually发展，进化，演化

传统艺术的图案及其象征意义体现了人类社

会诞生以来经过长期演变的价值观念。

Thepatternsoftraditionalartandtheir

symbolicmeaningsembodythevalues

whichevolvedoveralongtimesincethe

dawnofhumansociety.

3.Reading&Digesting:WordsStudy

Promotev.习主席强调，要弘扬探月精神，

helptogrowordevelop促进，提升，发扬勇攀科技高峰，为人类和平利

用太空作出新的更大贡献。

PresidentXistressedpromoting

thelunarexplorationspiritto

ascendthepeakofscienceand

technologyandmakegreater

contributionstohumanity’s

peacefuluseofspace.

3.Reading&Digesting:WordsStudy

Priorityn.文件指出，“十四五”时期，

sth.thatonemustdobeforeanythingelse要坚持把解决好“三农”问

优先考虑的事；优先权题作为全党工作重中之重。

Duringthe14thFive-Year

Planperiod(2021-2025),the

CommunistPartyofChina

willregardworkconcerning

agriculture,ruralareasand

farmersasitstoppriority,

saidthedocument.

3.Reading&Digesting:WordsStudy

Creativityn.

theuseoftheimaginationororiginal

ideas,especiallyintheproductionof

anartisticwork创造力；创造性

不同的事物彼此间相互辅助、

补充，才能组成一个充满生Allowingdifferentthingsto

机、富于创造性的和谐整体。complementandsupplementeach

otherwillcreateaharmonious

wholefullofvitalityandcreativity.

3.Reading&Digesting:WordsStudy

Craftn.

anactivityinvolvingaspecialskillat

makingthingswithyourhands手艺；工

艺

漆艺在几百上千年的演进中逐渐登峰造

极。

Throughoutthecenturies,the

productionoflacquerobjects

boomedtoelevatethecrafttoa

higherlevelofartistry.

3.Reading&Digesting:WordsStudy

Self-reliancen.

relianceonone’sowneffortsand

abilities自立

习近平强调，广大科技工作者要勇攀

世界科技高峰，为实现科技自立自强

作出新的更大贡献。

XiJinpingcalledonscientiststomakeeffortstoscaletheheights

ofglobalscience,realizingthecountry’sself-relianceandself-

improvementinscienceandtechnology.

3.Reading&Digesting:WordsStudy

Strikeabalance为了在经济繁荣和环境负担之

toachieveastateinwhichdifferent间取得平衡，中国努力使经济

thingsoccurinequalorproperamounts减少对环境的过度破坏，并促

orhaveanequalorproperamountof进得以协调发展的环境保护。

importance取得平衡

Tostrikeabalancebetweeneconomic

boomandenvironmentalburden,the

countryhasstrivedtoweanits

economyoffexcessiveenvironment-

damagingdevelopmentandadvance

well-coordinatedenvironmental

conservation.

4.CulturalReflection&ValueCultivation

InTextA,akeyissueistherelationship

betweencreativityandtradition.Asan

importantmanifestationofcultureand

tradition,theIntangibleCulturalHeritage

(ICH),alsoconsideredthelivingcultural

heritage,hasbecomeacriticallinkin

preservingtraditionsandguaranteeing

continuityofcreativity.

4.CulturalReflection&ValueCultivation

Watchthemicro-lecture“China’sIntangibleCulturalHeritage:

InheritanceandInnovation”.MatchtheICHitemswiththeirdomains.

pOraltraditionsandexpressions;pTaijiquan

pPerformingarts;p24solarterms

pSocialpractices,ritualsandfestivepChineseZhusuan

events;pDragonBoatFestival

pKnowledgeandpracticespPekingOpera

concerningnatureandthepWoodenMovable-type

universe;ofPrinting

pTraditionalcraftsmanshippHezhenYimakan

Storytellling

4.CulturalReflection&ValueCultivation

WhatdoesICHmeantoyou?

Usenomorethan10

wordstosummarize

whatICHmeanstoyou.

Youcouldwatchthe

videoforinspirationif

necessary.

Open-ended.

4.CulturalReflection&ValueCultivation

SinceICHmeanssomuch,itsimportanceinmaintainingourcultural

identityisevident.Unfortunatelysomeofthemarewaning.Readthearticle

andfindoutwhathappenedtotheDragonBoatFestival.

Backin2004,SouthKoreaappliedtoregisterQuestion:

itsGangneungDanojeFestival(江陵端午祭)tobeWhatisyourreactionto

partoftheUnitedNation’sIntangibleCulturalthispieceofnews?

HeritageList.However,thisdidnotsitwellwith

ChineseauthroitiesbecauseChinadidnotdoany

kindofactiontosafeguardDragonBoatFestival—PossibleAnswer:

whichhappenedtobethesameasGangneungWeshouldtakeactionto

Danoje.safeguardourcultural

(Excerptedfromthearticle“HowChinaNearlyLostitsheritage.

DragonBoatTradition”)

4.CulturalReflection&ValueCultivation

ThenhowcouldweprotectourIntangibleCulturalHeritage?Let’stakea

lookatwhatthesepeoplehavedonetopreserveourculturalheritage.

Watchthevideoandnote

downwhatinheritorsof

ICHlikeChenHaogui,

ChinaICHProtection

AssociationandAlibaba

Group,andonlinevideo

platformYoukudidto

helppreserveandenliven

ICH.

4.CulturalReflection&ValueCultivation

PossibleAnswers:

1.ChenHaoguiopenedanonlineshop.

2.ChinaICHProtectionAssociationandAlibabaGrouphostedanonline

fairforpeopletobuyICHrelatedproductsandalsolearnthehistoryand

culturebehindthem.

3.Youkustartedaprojectcalled“OnlineIntangibleCulturalHeritagePublic

Class,”wherenearly100ICHinheritorsfromallover