湖北省武汉市部分重点中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末联考英语试卷

武汉市部分重点中学2023—2024学年度下学期期末联考高二英语试卷本试卷共10页,满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试时间:2024年6月26日下午14:0016:00祝考试顺利注意事项:1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答:用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewomanbusydoing?A.Takingdanceclasses.B.Finishingreports.C.Preparingforalongrace.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisjob?A.It'senjoyable.B.It'sboring.C.It'sworrying.3.Whatisthewomanmainlydoing?A.Sharingexperienceincheckingpricelabels.B.Givingtipsonwashingclothesproperly.C.Praisingtheman'slaundryservice.4.WhomightSarahbe?A.AnHRdirector.B.Asaleswoman.C.Anaccountant.5.Howdidthemangotoworktoday?A.Onfoot.B.Bysubway.C.Bycar.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。6.Whyisthewomanunwillingtogetelectroniclocks?A.Theyaretooexpensive.B.Shemightforgetthepassword.C.Theymayhavesometechnicalproblems.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Pickingatopbrand.B.Carryingasparetraditionalkey.C.Downloadingaspecialmobileapp.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。8.WhathasimpressedLisamostaboutherdormitorylife?A.Havingdiscussionsoncourses.B.Watchinglatenightmovies.C.TakingpartinDIYprojects.9.WhathasLisalearnedfromherdormitorylife?A.Calmness.B.Independence.C.Responsibility.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。10Whatsubjectdoesthemanteach?A.Worldhistory.B.Literature.C.Science.11.Howdoesthemanhelpstudentsengageinpreservation?A.Byholdingsomepetitions.B.Byorganizingfieldtripstomuseums.C.Byencouragingthemtodovolunteerwork.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofpreservingculturalheritage?A.Itteachespeopleaboutdiversity.B.Itconnectspeopletotheirroots.C.Itpositivelyinfluencesthefuture.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。13.Whatistheman'sfirstpieceofadviceforthewoman?A.Settingoffatherownspeed.B.Wearingahelmetatalltimes.C.Exploringdifferentroutes.14.Wheredoesthemannormallygocycling?A.Alongthecoast.B.Inthenearbypark.C.Inthemountains.15.Whatisthelongestdistancethemanhascycled?A.50kilometers.B.100kilometers.C.150kilometers.16.Whydoesthemanenjoygrouprides?A.Theyhelpbreakhiscyclingrecord.B.Theygivehimasenseofbelonging.C.Theyusuallyinvolveintensepetition.听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。17.Whatwasmentionedintheopenletter?A.TheconcernaboutAIaffectingwriting.B.TheimpactofAlonsciencefictionfilms.C.ThebenefitsofAlinthefieldofwriting.18.WhatisthemaintopicofthebookHum?A.Afactcheckingprogram.B.ApoetworkingwithAI.C.AstoryofJoblossduetoAI.19.WhoisRyanDoherty?AAgovernmentworker.B.Adoctor.C.Adirector.20.WhichworkwascreatedwiththehelpofAI?A.Sike.B.DeathofanAuthor.C.InOurLikeness.第二部分阅读理解（共20小题,每小题2.5分,满分50分）第一节（共15小题,每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AMusicisuniversal.Takeamomenttothinkaboutwhatmusicyoulikeasyoureadourbeginners’guidetothehistoryofmusic.MiddleAgesTheMiddleAges,whichrangesfromthe6thcenturytothe16thcentury,featuredmedieval(中世纪的)music.Duringthistime,thereweretwogeneraltypesofmusicstyles—themonophonicandthepolyphonic.ThemainformsofmusicincludedGregorianchantingandplainchant.ClassicalPeriodThemusicformsandstylesoftheClassicalperiod,whichrangesfrom1750to1820,arecharacterizedbysimplermelodiesandformslikethesonatas.Duringthistime,themiddleclasshadmoreaccesstomusic.Soposersbegantocreatemusicthatwaseasiertounderstand.Mostespecially,MozartwrotehisfirstsymphonyandBeethovenwasbornduringthisperiod.RomanticPeriodHistoriographersdefinetheRomanticmusicperiodtobefrom1800to1900.MusicformsoftheRomanticperiodusedmusictotellastoryorexpressanidea.Variousinstrumentsincludingwindinstrumentswereused.Instrumentsthatwereinventedorimprovedduringthistimeincludedthefluteandthesaxophone.The20thCenturyMusicduringthe20thcenturybroughtaboutmanyinnovationsonhowmusicwasperformedandappreciated.Artistsweremorewillingtoexperimentwithnewmusicformsandusedtechnologytoimprovetheirpositions.The20thcenturymusichasvariousstyles.1.InwhichperiodwereMozart’spositionscreated?A.MiddleAges. B.Classicalperiod.C.Romanticperiod. D.The20thcentury.2.WhatcanweknowaboutmusicfromtheRomanticperiod?A.Thisperiodlastedover100years. B.Musiciansonlyusedwindinstruments.C.Musicwasrelatedtoastoryoranidea. D.Themusicformswerehardertounderstand.3.Howdidartistsimprovetheirmusicduringthe20century?A.Byinventingnewinstruments. B.Bypracticingnewmusicstyles.CBywritingplexpositions. D.Byimprovingtraditionalmusicstyles.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇音乐史入门指南，分别介绍了中世纪、古典时期、浪漫主义时期和20世纪的音乐特点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Mostespecially,MozartwrotehisfirstsymphonyandBeethovenwasbornduringthisperiod.(尤其值得一提的是，莫扎特创作了他的第一部交响曲，贝多芬也在这一时期出生。)”可知，莫扎特的作品创作于古典时期。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“MusicformsoftheRomanticperiodusedmusictotellastoryorexpressanidea.(浪漫主义时期的音乐形式用音乐来讲述故事或表达思想。)”可知，浪漫主义时期的音乐与故事或思想有关。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Artistsweremorewillingtoexperimentwithnewmusicformsandusedtechnologytoimprovetheirpositions.(艺术家们更愿意尝试新的音乐形式，并使用技术来改进他们的作品。)”可知，在20世纪，艺术家通过尝试新的音乐风格改进他们的音乐。故选B。BTexan81yearoldgoodfriendsEllieHambyandSandyHazeliptouredtheworldin80days,provingthatadventuredoesn’thaveanagelimit.Theirfirststopwasalocationthatchallengesevenmanyexperiencedtravelers:theAntarctic.GettingtothesouthernmostcontinentfirstrequiredcrossingtheDrakePassage.“Foralmosttwodays,wewererockingandrolling,slippingandslidingthroughtheDrakePassageandwewereholdingontodearlife.”Hambysaid.Thevoyage,however,fadedfromtheirmindastheysetfootonthegroundoftheAntarctic,fascinatedbythebreathtakingbeautyofpenguins,icebergsandglaciers.Sincethatfirstventure,thepairhavevisited18countriesacrossallsevencontinents.TheyrodecamelsinEgypt,metelephantsinBali,dancedinNepalandobservedtheNorthernLightsinFinland.Anddespitethechallengesinternationaltravelpresented,thegoodfriendssaidtheyfinishedtheirtripwithoutanyargument.Thoughthey’rebothindependentandstubborn,theyrespectedeachother’sfeelings.Andwhattheyrememberthemostarethepeoplethattheyencountered.“Wegottoknowsomeofthemostwonderful,kindest,friendliestpeople.Wejusthavefriendsnowallovertheworldthatwelovedearly.”Hambysaid.Thetwosharedacrucialpieceofadvicefortravelersworryingaboutthelanguagebarrierontheirownadventure.“Youknow,peopleoftenaskusaboutit.”saidHamby.“Wetellthemthere'soneuniversallanguage,andthat’sthesmile.WefounditworkedwondersbecausewewereoftenawarethatEnglishwasnotalwaysspokenandthatthatcouldcoveralllanguages.”Theyalsoencouragedotherolderpeoplenottoletageholdthemback.Asidefromsomeminorchangesinplans—likedecidingnottorideamotorbikeinBalibecauseofconcernsaboutfallingtheiragedidn’taffecttheirjourneyabroad.Theysaidtheyfeltconfidentthatiftheywereinjuredduringtheirtrip,theirchildrenwouldhavebeenatpeaceknowingthattheyweredoingwhattheywanted.AndHazelipdescribed81astheperfectagetoembarkonatrip.“Gettingolderdoesgiveusalittlebitofwisdomofmakingdecisions.”shesaid.4.WhatmightthepairthinkoftheirtriptotheAntarctic?AChallengingbutworthy. B.Expensivebutexciting.C.Interestingbutfruitless. D.Unpleasantbutimpressive.5.Whatisthehighlightofthepair’sadventuresforthemselves?A.Learningaboutdifferentcultures.B.Meetingnicepeoplealongtheway.C.Experiencingmanychallengingactivities.D.Avoidingconflictsdespitetheirstubbornnature.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph4referto?A.English. B.Thepair’sadvice.C.Thesmile. D.Thelanguagebarrier.7.Whatcanweinferaboutthepairfromthelastparagraph?A.TheyoncefelloffamotorbikeinBali.B.Theirfamilyunderstoodandsupportedthem.C.Theyregrettednotexploringtheworldearlier.D.Theirwisdomsavedthemlotsoftimeonthetrip.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。81岁的得克萨斯好朋友艾莉·汉比和桑迪·哈泽利普用80天环游世界，证明了冒险没有年龄限制。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Theirfirststopwasalocationthatchallengesevenmanyexperiencedtravelers:theAntarctic.(他们的第一站是一个甚至对许多有经验的旅行者都有挑战的地方：南极。)”和最后一句“Thevoyage,however,fadedfromtheirmindastheysetfootonthegroundoftheAntarctic,fascinatedbythebreathtakingbeautyofpenguins,icebergsandglaciers.(然而，当他们踏上南极的土地，被企鹅、冰山和冰川的惊人美景所吸引时，这次航行就从他们的脑海中淡去了。)”可知，这对伙伴可能会他们的南极之旅有挑战性但值得。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Andwhattheyrememberthemostarethepeoplethattheyencountered.“Wegottoknowsomeofthemostwonderful,kindest,friendliestpeople.Wejusthavefriendsnowallovertheworldthatwelovedearly.”Hambysaid.(他们记得最清楚的是他们遇到的人。“我们认识了一些最优秀、最善良、最友好的人。我们现在在世界各地都有我们深爱的朋友。”汉比说。)”可知，对他们自己来说这对伙伴的冒险的亮点是一路上遇到了很好的人们。故选B。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段第三句中的“Wetellthemthere'soneuniversallanguage,andthat’sthesmile.(我们告诉他们世界上有一种通用语言，那就是微笑。)”可知，此处是指微笑可以涵盖一切语言，that代指“微笑”。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“Theysaidtheyfeltconfidentthatiftheywereinjuredduringtheirtrip,theirchildrenwouldhavebeenatpeaceknowingthattheyweredoingwhattheywanted.(他们说，他们很有信心，如果他们在旅行中受伤，他们的孩子会很平静，知道他们在做自己想做的事。)”可知，这对伙伴得到了家人的理解和支持。故选B。CSwedishMidsommar,alsoknownasMidsummer,isabelovedholidayinSwedenthatmarkstheSummerSolstice,thelongestdayoftheyear.ThisusuallytakesplacearoundmidJuneintheNorthernHemisphere.WithMidsummerbeingthelongestdayoftheyear,itwasoftenconsideredamagicalnighttotheagriculturalsocietywithinSweden.Fullofmysteryandenchantment(魅力)it’sbelievedtobeatimewhenplantsgainedhealingpowersandwereusedtopredictthefuture.Today,itismoreaboutcelebratingthebeginningofsummerandthegoodtimesahead.Likeallmajorholidays,Midsummerfocusesonsharingfoodanddrinkswithlovedones.TraditionalSwedishdishesyou’llfindonaMidsummertableincludeherringinallformsservedwithchivesandsourcream,boilednewpotatoeswithfreshdill,curedsalmon,rusticbreads,potatodumplings,meatballs,andadessertinvolvingstrawberries.EveryonehastheirownMidsummertraditions,butmanysticktothemoretraditionaloptionswhenitestocelebrating.ForagrandMidsummerlunchparty,nocelebrationwouldbepletewithoutdancingwithflowersinyourhair,singingsongs,whilefeastingonadeliciousselectionofSwedishdishes.AnotherformofcelebratingMidsummerwastheraisingofapolewhichwasthendancedaround.ThislovelytraditionisstillverymuchapartofMidsummercelebrationswiththemaypoledecoratedingarlandsofleavesandfreshflowers.AttheheartofSwedishMidsummerliesthespiritoftogethernessandhumanconnection.Families,friends,andmunitiesgatherinjoyfulunion,creatingasharedexperiencethatgoesbeyondindividualboundaries.Thedancesaroundthemaypole,thelaughter,andtheheartfeltconversationsproduceasenseofbelongingandinterdependence.Midsummerremindsusofthefundamentalneedforsocialbondsandthefulfillmentgainedfromgenuinehumaninteraction.Itservesasareminderthatintheplexitiesofmodernlife,thesimplestconnectionscanbringusdeepjoyandfulfillment.8.WhatcanweknowaboutSwedishMidsummer?A.Itmarksthehottestdayoftheyear. B.Itcelebratesthearrivalofsummer.C.Itisusedtopredictthenearfuture. D.Itisbasedonamysteriousoldtale.9.WhatismainlydiscussedMidsummerinparagraph4?A.Itsdishes. B.Itsorigins. C.Itscustoms. D.Itsinfluences.10.WhatisthesignificanceofcelebratingMidsummer?A.Learningthevalueofteamwork. B.Appreciatingthewarmthofunity.C.Keepingintouchwitholdfriends. D.Passingonthetraditionallifestyle.11.Inwhichpartofamagazinemayyoureadthispassage?A.Culture. B.Wellbeing. C.Event. D.Fashion.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。瑞典仲夏节，也被称为仲夏节，是瑞典一个受人喜爱的节日，标志着夏至，一年中最长的一天。文章对其进行了详细介绍。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Today,itismoreaboutcelebratingthebeginningofsummerandthegoodtimesahead.(今天，它更多的是庆祝夏天的开始和未来的美好时光。)”可知，瑞典的仲夏庆祝夏天的到来。故选B。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句“EveryonehastheirownMidsummertraditions,butmanysticktothemoretraditionaloptionswhenitestocelebrating.(每个人都有自己的仲夏传统，但许多人在庆祝时坚持更传统的选择。)”和最后一句“ThislovelytraditionisstillverymuchapartofMidsummercelebrationswiththemaypoledecoratedingarlandsofleavesandfreshflowers.(这个可爱的传统仍然是盛夏庆祝活动的一部分，人们在五月柱上装饰着树叶和鲜花的花环。)”可知，第四段主要是讲仲夏的习俗。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“AttheheartofSwedishMidsummerliesthespiritoftogethernessandhumanconnection.(瑞典仲夏节的核心是团结精神和人与人之间的联系。)”可知，庆祝仲夏节的意义是感受团结的温暖。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“SwedishMidsommar,alsoknownasMidsummer,isabelovedholidayinSwedenthatmarkstheSummerSolstice,thelongestdayoftheyear.ThisusuallytakesplacearoundmidJuneintheNorthernHemisphere.(瑞典仲夏节，也被称为仲夏节，是瑞典一个受人喜爱的节日，标志着夏至，一年中最长的一天。这通常发生在北半球的6月中旬左右。)”可知，文章主要是介绍瑞典仲夏节，是一篇关于文化习俗的文章。故选A。DSincethestartoftheindustrialrevolution,therehavebeenthreatsthatnewmachines—frommechanizedlooms(织布机)tomicrochipswouldtakehumanjobs.AMarchreportfromGoldmanSachsestimatedthatAIcapableofcontentgenerationcoulddoaquarterofalltheworkcurrentlydonebyhumans.AcrosstheEuropeanUnionandtheUS,thereportfurthernotes,300millionjobscouldbelosttoautomation.Thankfully,it’snotallbadnews.Theexpertsissuetheirwarningswitharelief:therearestillthingsAIisn’tcapableof—tasksthatinvolvedistinctlyhumanqualities,likeemotionalintelligenceandoutsidetheboxthinking.“Ithinktherearegenerallythreecategoriesthatwillremainunaffectedintheingfuture.”saysMartinFord,arelatedauthor.“Thefirstwouldbejobsthataregenuinelycreative:you’renotengagedinrepetitiveworkorjustrearrangingthings,butyou’regenuinelyingupwithnewideasandbuildingsomethingnew.”Thatdoesn’tnecessarilymeanalljobsthatareconsidered“creative”aresafe.Infact,thingslikegraphicdesignandvisualartrelatedrolesmaybeamongthefirsttogo.Basicalgorithmscandirectarobottoanalyzemillionsofimages,allowingAItorapidlyacquireasenseofbeauty.“Butthere’ssomesecurityinotherkindsofcreativity,inscience,andmedicineandlawpeoplewhosejobisingupwithanewlegalstrategyorbusinessstrategy.”saysFord.“Thesecondcategory,”hecontinues,“isjobsthatrequireplicatedinterpersonalrelationships.”Hepointstonurses,businessconsultantsandinvestigativejournalists.“Thesearejobstointeractinthekindsofwaysthatreallybuildrelationships.”hesays.“Thethirdsafezoneisjobsthatreallyrequirelotsofmobilityandproblemsolvingabilityinunpredictableenvironments.”saysFord.Manytradejobs—thinkelectricians,plumbers,engineersandwhereyouneedaverydeepunderstandingofpeople.Ithinkit’llbealongtimebeforeAIhastheabilitythelike—fallunderthisumbrella.“Thesearethekindsofjobswhereyou’redealingwithanewsituationallthetime.”headds.Inshort,seekingrolesindynamic,shiftingenvironmentsthatincludeunpredictabletasksisagoodwaytoavoidjoblosstoAI,atleast,forawhile.12.Whathasbeenahistoricalconcernregardingnewmachines?A.Theneedforincreasedhumanskills. B.Thepossibilityofhumanlosingjobs.C.Thefearofincreasedautomationcosts. D.Thepotentialformachinemalfunctions.13.WhatcanweknowfromtheMarchreport?A.AIisnotcapableofcontentgeneration. B.AIcanimitatedistinctlyhumanqualities.C.AIposesnothreattohumanemployment. D.AIhasnooutsidetheboxthinkingabilities.14.WhichofthefollowingstatementwillMartinForddisagreewith?A.AllcreativejobsarenotsafefromAI.B.Graphicdesignerstendtobeaffected.C.Problemsolvingjobswillremainunaffected.D.Jobsfocusingonrepetitivetaskswillstillhaveaplace.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthepotentialjoblosscausedbyAI?A.Optimistic. B.Pessimistic. C.Indifferent. D.Uncertain.【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。高盛3月份的一份报告估计，能够生成内容的人工智能可以完成目前人类所做工作的四分之一。报告进一步指出，在整个欧盟和美国，自动化可能会导致3亿个工作岗位流失。但是人工智能仍有一些事情是无法胜任的——那些涉及明显人类品质的任务，比如情商和创新思维。文章对此进行了介绍。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Sincethestartoftheindustrialrevolution,therehavebeenthreatsthatnewmachines—frommechanizedlooms(织布机)tomicrochipswouldtakehumanjobs.(自从工业革命开始以来，新机器——从机械化织布机到微芯片——就一直威胁着人类的工作。)”可知，对于新机器的传统担忧是人类失去工作的可能性。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Theexpertsissuetheirwarningswitharelief:therearestillthingsAIisn’tcapableof—tasksthatinvolvedistinctlyhumanqualities,likeemotionalintelligenceandoutsidetheboxthinking.(专家们在发出警告时也给出了安慰：人工智能仍有一些事情是无法胜任的——那些涉及明显人类品质的任务，比如情商和创新思维。)”可知，人工智能没有创新思维。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Thefirstwouldbejobsthataregenuinelycreative:you’renotengagedinrepetitiveworkorjustrearrangingthings,butyou’regenuinelyingupwithnewideasandbuildingsomethingnew.(第一种是真正具有创造性的工作：你不是在从事重复性的工作，也不是在重新安排东西，而是在真正地提出新想法，创造新东西。)”可知，马丁·福特会不认同“专注于重复性任务的工作仍将有一席之地”的观点。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inshort,seekingrolesindynamic,shiftingenvironmentsthatincludeunpredictabletasksisagoodwaytoavoidjoblosstoAI,atleast,forawhile.(简而言之，在包括不可预测任务在内的动态、不断变化的环境中寻找职位，是避免被人工智能抢走工作的好方法，至少在一段时间内是这样。)”可知，作者对人工智能可能造成的失业持乐观态度。故选A。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项;选项中有两项为多余选项。Organizingyourroomcanhelpyoufeelcalmerandincontrolofyourlife.Goingaboutyourdaywillbemucheasierifyouknowexactlywhereeverythingis.Youwillnothavetowastetimesearchingforyourfavoritepairsofjeans.___16___.Takeallofyourbelongingsoutoftheircurrentlocations.___17___,butifyoureallywanttoorganizeyourroom,youwillhavetostartfromthebeginning.Thoughyoumaybesurprisedbythegiantpileofmessyou’vecreatedonyourfloor,deskorbed,don’tworry.You’llfindtherightplaceforeverythingsoonenough.Organizeyourbelongings.Beforeyoubegintofigureoutwhereeverythingshouldgo,youshouldgetanumberofboxesfordifferentpurposes.Boxesarebestbecauseyoucanjustrecyclethemwhenyou’redoneorganizingandwon’thavetodealwithmorethings.___18___.Trytogetridofasmanyitemsaspossible.Thisisanimportantstep.ThoughyoumaywanttothroweverythingintheKeepbox,orhaveputeverylastextraitemintheStorebox,thiswon’thelpyougetorganized.Youneedtodosomesearchingtofigureoutwhatyoureallyneedinyourroomrighttherewhereyouspendyourtime.___19___.Thelessthingsyouhave,theeasieritwillbetoorganizeyourbedroom.___20___Nowthatyou’veorganizedyourroom,youcanbegintogetridofallthethingsyoudon’tneed,throwawaytheRubbishboxandgivetheDonateboxtothecharityorganization.Thesooneryougetridoforstoretheotherboxes,theeasieritwillbetomoveonwithyourorganization.A.RememberthatlessreallyismoreB.PutalltheboxesintherightplaceC.HereisthefirststepforyoutoorganizeyourroomD.ThiscouldhelpyousortoutdifferentitemsintheroomE.Thismayseempainfulandlikeyou’recreatingabiggermessF.MakeanewplantothrowawaytheseboxesassoonaspossibleG.SticktosmallpiecesofpaperwithKeep,Store,Donate,andRubbish【答案】16.C17.E18.G19.A20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何开始整理自己的房间，让房间变得整洁。【16题详解】前文“Organizingyourroomcanhelpyoufeelcalmerandincontrolofyourlife.Goingaboutyourdaywillbemucheasierifyouknowexactlywhereeverythingis.Youwillnothavetowastetimesearchingforyourfavoritepairsofjeans.(整理你的房间可以让你感觉更平静，控制你的生活。如果你清楚地知道每样东西在哪里，你的一天就会容易得多。你不必浪费时间去寻找你最喜欢的牛仔裤)”介绍整理房间的各种好处，后文各段落主要介绍了整理房间的各种方法，空处应该会引出整理房间的步骤，因此C项“Hereisthefirststepforyoutoorganizeyourroom(这里是你整理房间的第一步)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的organizeyourroom与前文的Organizingyourroom呼应。故选C。【17题详解】前文“Takeallofyourbelongingsoutoftheircurrentlocations.(把你所有的东西从现在的地方拿出来)”建议拿出所有东西，后文“butifyoureallywanttoorganizeyourroom,youwillhavetostartfromthebeginning.Thoughyoumaybesurprisedbythegiantpileofmessyou’vecreatedonyourfloor,deskorbed,don’tworry.(但如果你真的想整理你的房间，你必须从头开始。虽然你可能会对你在地板上、桌子上或床上制造的一大堆乱七八糟的东西感到惊讶，但不要担心)”提醒要从头开始，不要为乱七八糟的东西担心，空处应该和制造混乱相关，因此E项“Thismayseempainfulandlikeyou’recreatingabiggermess(这可能看起来很痛苦，好像你正在制造更大的混乱)”符合语境，承上启下，其中的This指代前一句内容，abiggermess和后文的thegiantpileofmess呼应。故选E。【18题详解】前文“Beforeyoubegintofigureoutwhereeverythingshouldgo,youshouldgetanumberofboxesfordifferentpurposes.Boxesarebestbecauseyoucanjustrecyclethemwhenyou’redoneorganizingandwon’thavetodealwithmorethings.(在你开始弄清楚所有东西应该放在哪里之前，你应该为不同的目的准备一些盒子。盒子是最好的选择，因为当你完成整理工作时，你可以回收它们，而不必处理更多的东西)”建议为不同目的的东西准备不同的盒子，空处应该和如何分类盒子相关，因此G项“SticktosmallpiecesofpaperwithKeep,Store,Donate,andRubbish(把小纸片贴上“保留”、“储存”、“捐赠”和“垃圾”的标签)”符合语境，承接前文。故选G。【19题详解】前文“Youneedtodosomesearchingtofigureoutwhatyoureallyneedinyourroomrighttherewhereyouspendyourtime.(你需要搜索一下，在你消磨时间的房间里，你真正需要的是什么)”建议思考自己真正需要的东西，后文“Thelessthingsyouhave,theeasieritwillbetoorganizeyourbedroom.(你拥有的东西越少，就越容易整理你的卧室)”提到东西少的好处，空处应该是强调东西要少，因此A项“Rememberthatlessreallyismore(记住，少即是多)”符合语境，承上启下，其中的less在后文有同词复现。故选A。【20题详解】根据后文“Nowthatyou’veorganizedyourroom,youcanbegintogetridofallthethingsyoudon’tneed,throwawaytheRubbishboxandgivetheDonateboxtothecharityorganization.Thesooneryougetridoforstoretheotherboxes,theeasieritwillbetomoveonwithyourorganization.(现在你已经整理好了你的房间，你可以开始摆脱所有你不需要的东西，扔掉垃圾箱，把捐赠箱交给慈善组织。你越早摆脱或储存其他盒子，你的整理就越容易继续前进)”可知，本段主要建议妥善处理各类箱子，空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需和其他段首句一样使用祈使句的形式，应该是总的说明如何处理各类箱子，因此B项“Putalltheboxesintherightplace(把所有的箱子放在该放的地方)”符合语境，契合段落内容。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LasseStolley,a17yearoldGermanteen,hasbeenlivingontrainsforoverayearandahalf.After___21___hisparentsthathehadfinishedhisschool___22___toallowhimtoleavetheirhome,hewasalreadypacking.Thoughworried,hisparenteventually___23___tohisdecision.Thenhebegana___24___trainhoppingadventure.ForoverayearandahalfStolleyhastraveledalloverGermany.Duringthedayhe___25___inaseat,workingasaselfemployedprogrammer,andsleptonnighttrainsatnight.Hehasbeen___26___thewholeGermanyandhassoldmostofhis___27___inthepastyear,packingwhatwasleftina___28___.Minimalismandresistingtheurgetoacquirenewthingsare___29___partsofhislifestyle.Stolley’slaptopandnoisecancelingheadphonesprovidesome___30___roomonthetrain.Theearlymonthsofhisadventurewere___31___,ashehadtolearnabouthoweverythingworkedandsometimeshadtoreschedule___32___.LivingontrainsallowshimtovisitalmosteverypartofGermany,fromtheseainthenorthtotheAlpsfora___33___,aswellassomefamousand___34___citieslikeBerlinandMunichtotakeintheirpast.Whennotworkingonhislaptop,Stolley___35___infirstclasscarriagesandmostlyhavemealsatDeutscheBahnwaitingroomsattrainstationsaroundthecountry.21.A.informing B.convincing C.announcing D.serving22.A.appointments B.performances C.inspections D.assignments23.A.sighed B.submitted C.subscribed D.objected24.A.unique B.lonely C.dangerous D.disappointing25.A.sank B.rested C.settled D.suspended26.A.understanding B.exploring C.checking D.remembering27.A.books B.possessions C.clothes D.games28.A.room B.puter C.backpack D.station29.A.typical B.decent C.extra D.essential30.A.private B.public C.tolerant D.restricted31.A.plicated B.adaptable C.available D.tough32.A.planes B.jobs C.relations D.trains33.A.hike B.swim C.break D.jog34.A.huge B.modern C.historic D.busy35.A.setsabout B.hangsout C.showsoff D.blocksout【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.C26.B27.B28.C29.D30.A31.D32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。17岁的德国少年拉斯·斯托利已经在火车上生活了一年半多，这是一趟独特的跳火车冒险。文章对此进行了讲述。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在说服他的父母他已经完成了学校的任务，允许他离开家之后，他已经开始收拾行李了。A.informing通知；B.convincing使相信；C.announcing宣布；D.serving服务。根据前文“ LasseStolley,a17yearoldGermanteen,hasbeenlivingontrainsforoverayearandahalf.

(17岁的德国青少年LasseStolley已经在火车上生活了一年半。)”和第二段“ Foroverayearandahalf,StolleyhastraveledalloverGermany.(一年半以来，Stolley走遍了德国各地。)可知，因为LasseStolley已经在火车上生活了一年半，走遍了德国，没有在学校上学，所以此处表示他要说服父母，自己已经完成学校的任务，可以毕业了。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.appointments约定；B.performances表现；C.inspections检查；D.assignments任务。根据“toallowhimtoleavetheirhome”可知，此处是指完成了学校的任务。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管担心，他的父母最终还是同意了他的决定。A.sighed叹气；B.submitted提交；C.subscribed同意；D.objected反对。根据“Thoughworried”可知，此处是指同意了他的决定。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，他开始了一次独特的跳火车冒险。A.unique独特的；B.lonely孤单的；C.dangerous危险的；D.disappointing令人失望的。根据“trainhoppingadventure”可知，此处是指独特的跳火车冒险。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：白天，他坐在一个座位上，自己当程序员，晚上睡在夜车上。A.sank沉没；B.rested休息；C.settled安置；D.suspended暂停。根据“workingasaselfemployedprogrammer”可知，此处是指坐在座位上。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一直在探索整个德国，在过去的一年里，他卖掉了大部分东西，把剩下的东西装进了一个背包。A.understanding理解；B.exploring探索；C.checking检查；D.remembering记得。根据“thewholeGermany”可知，此处是指探索整个德国。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一直在探索整个德国，在过去的一年里，他卖掉了大部分东西，把剩下的东西装进了一个背包。A.books书；B.possessions所有物；C.clothes衣物；D.games游戏。根据后文“Minimalismandresistingtheurgetoacquirenewthings(极简主义和抵制获取新事物的冲动)”可知，此处是指他卖掉了大部分东西。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一直在探索整个德国，在过去的一年里，他卖掉了大部分东西，把剩下的东西装进了一个背包。A.room房间；B.puter电脑；C.backpack背包；D.station车站。根据“packingwhatwasleft”可知，此处是指把剩下的东西装进了一个背包。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：极简主义和抵制获取新事物的冲动是他生活方式的重要组成部分。A.typical典型的；B.decent正派的；C.extra额外的；D.essential重要的。根据“partsofhislifestyle”可知，此处是指是他生活方式的重要组成部分。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容