高一英语语法动词的时态之一般过去时过去进行时和过去完成时

学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载高一英语语法（2-2）：动词的时态之一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时一般过去时（worked）（思考一般过去时与一般现在时的共同点和不同点）表示过去某一特定时间发生的动作或所处的状态，常与yesterday,lastyear,in2007,afewmonthsago等表示过去的时间状语连用。如：Where__________you__________(go)justnow?表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作，通常与often,usually等表示频度的副词连用。如：WhenI__________(be)achild,Ioften__________(play)footballinthestreet.表示事先不知道或不记得，但现在已经知道或记得的事情。如：Sorry,I__________(notknow)youwerehere.不好生意，我不知道你在这。（暗示现在已经知道）usedtodobeusedtodobeusedtodoing他以前常常每周都去看望他母亲一次。He______________________________hismotheronceaweek.电扇是被用来给我们带来风的。Fans______________________________uswind.我习惯于晚饭后半小时外出散步。I______________________________outforawalkhalfanhourafterdinner.在时间、条件状语从句中用来代替过去将来时。如：Maryhadleftthekeysintheclassroomsoshehadtowaituntilhermother__________(come)home.过去进行时（was/wereworking）（思考过去进行时与现在进行时的共同点和不同点）表示在过去某一时间内正在进行的动作，常与atthattime,then,thewholeafternoon,atsixyesterday,thistimeyesterday,lastnight等连用。如：What__________you__________(do)thistimeyeasterday?表示在过去某一段时间内进行的动作。如：I__________(tidy)mysittingroomthewholemorning.表示一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。如：Whenhe__________(call)meyesterday,I__________(have)dinner.表示过去将要发生的动作。如：Hetoldmehe__________(leave)forShanghaithenextday.过去进行时与always，allthetime，continually，constantly等副词连用，表示过去重复的动作，并且也常常带有感叹、惊讶、赞许、厌恶等情感。如：Whenheworkedhere,John__________always__________(make)mistakes.（厌恶）过去完成时（hadworked）表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的动作，即这个动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，这一过去时间可用by,at,before等构成的短语以及由when,before,after,until等引导的从句或上下文来表示。如：Bytheendoflastterm,I__________already__________(learn)5,000words.By+现在的时间点+____________________将来的时间点+____________________过去的时间点+____________________用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句中。如：Ifhe__________(see)youyesterday,he__________(ask)youaboutit.if条件状语从句主句与现在事实相反didbe---werewould,should,oughtto,could,might+do与将来事实相反（暗示将来不可能发生）didbe---wereweretodoshoulddowould,should,oughtto,could,might+do与过去事实相反haddonewould,should,oughtto,couldmight+havedone用在间接引语或宾语从句中，置于said,told,asked,thought,wondered等过去时的动词后面，表示在这些动作发生之前已经发生了的事情。“过去的过去”如：Shewonderedwho__________(leave)thedooropen.一般过去时的特殊用法用一般过去时的句子有时用地点状语暗示动作发生在过去。如：---Haveyouseenapen?I__________(leave)herethismorning---Isitablackone?IthinkI__________(see)itsomewhere.有时句子的其他成分含有的时间也暗示动作发生在过去。如：Theyear2002__________(see)remarkablechangesinShanghai’slandscape.20XX年目睹了上海地貌的巨大变化。表示过去未曾实现的意图或希望等，含有某种惋惜在很多情况下，一般过去时的时间都是通过具体上下文来体现的。如：Mikehadgivenupsmokingforthreeweeks,butsoon__________(return)tohisoldways.表示过去未曾实现的意图或希望等，含有某种惋惜本打算：(had)intended，(had)meant，(had)planned本期望：(had)hoped，(had)wanted，(had)expected+todo本以为：(had)supposed，(had)thoughtWethoughttoreturnearly.翻译：Imeanttogetupearly,butforgottosetthealarm.翻译：Iwantedtoseetheexhibition,butthelongqueueputmeoff.翻译：5.在特定的语境中个，当要揭示某情况的真相时，我们习惯上用一般过去时。如：It’snotasbigasI__________(expect).You’reolderthanI__________(think).Youwon’tcome?Butyou__________(promise).一般过去时表示的其他时间现在。有时代替一般现在时，表示一种婉转、客气、礼貌或商量的语气。表示委婉语气的动词有want,hope,wonder,think,intend等（同四-4）及情态动词could,would。如：__________(will)youmindmysittinghere?__________(can)youhelpme?__________(will)youlikeacupoftea?（详见情态动词）将来。一般过去时用在虚拟语气中，表示现在或将来时间的动作或状态（详见虚拟语气）。常用的句型有：Itis(high)timethatsb.didsth.“时间已经迟了，某人早该做……了”Itis(high)timethatsb.shoulddosth.（should不能省略）Itis(high)timeforsb.todosth.（注意与Itisthefirsttimethatsb.havedone区分开来）Itwas(high)timethatsb.haddonesth.Itwas(high)timethatsb.shoulddosth.（should不能省略）Itwas(high)timeforsb.todosth.（注意与Itwasthefirsttimethatsb.haddone区分开来）wouldrathersb.didsth.“宁愿某人做某事”hadrathersb.didsth.一般过去时和过去进行时的用法区别强调点不同。一般过去时侧重于说明发生某动作的事实，过去进行时侧重于强调某动作的持续过程或动作持续的时间。如：It__________(rain)catsanddogslastnight.昨晚下了倾盆大雨。（强调下过雨，并不强调持续多长时间）It__________(rain)catsanddogslastnight.昨晚整整一夜都在下倾盆大雨。（强调雨没停，一直在持续）。动作的完成情况不同。一般过去时表示动作已完成，而过去进行时表示动作未完成。如：Alice__________(read)asciencefictionstorylastnight.Alice昨晚读了一本科幻小说。Alice__________(read)asciencefictionstorylastnight.昨晚Alice正在读一本科幻小说。持续情况不同。一般过去时可表示时断时续的动作，而过去进行时只能表示持续、不间断的动作。如：He__________(work)from4o’clockuntilsuppertime.他从4点到晚饭时间一直在工作。一般过去时和过去完成时的用法区别一般过去时是对现在说话的时刻而言的，过去完成时则是对过去某一时刻而言的。如：He__________(work)inafactoryin2008.两种时态简历的时间参照点不同。对过去完成时来说，时间参照点十分重要，它是过去完成概念赖以建立的基础，也是和一般过去时相区别的重要标准。如：He__________(work)inafactorybeforehecamehere.一般过去时和现在完成时的用法区别一般过去时中动作发生时的一个或一段过去时间是可以具体确定的，与其他时间没有牵连；它所表示的事情纯属过去，与现在情况没有联系。如：We__________(visit)apowerstationyesterday.（只说明昨天参观发电站这个事实）现在完成时中动作发生在不能具体指出的过去某个或某段时间，它所表示的事情与现在情况有关系，是过去事情在现在产生的结果或对现在的影响。如：We__________(visit)apowerstation.（暗示现在对发电站有所了解）现在完成时与过去完成时的用法区别两种时态都常与一段时间状语连用，但现在完成时表示的是延续到现在或与现在有关的动作（句中不可有表示过去特定时间的状语）。如：She__________(be)illforaweek.（暗示她从一周前到现在一直都在生病）过去完成时表示的是在过去某时之前已经完成或延续到过去某时的动作（句中有表示过去特定时间的状语）。如：She__________(be)illforaweekbeforeshecameback.（暗示她从回来前的一周到她回来这段时间在生病，“回来”发生在过去某一时间，“生病”发生在过去的过去到过去这段时间内）过去完成时的特殊用法使用过去完成时的句式：（详见状语从句）一……就hardlysb.haddonewhensb.didnosoonersb.haddonethansb.didHardlyhadsb.donewhensb.didNosoonerhadsb.donewhensb.did如：Hardly__________(hearrive)whenshe___________(start)complaining.__________nosooner__________(Iclose)thedoorthansomebody__________(knock).这是sb.第一次做sth.Itwasthefirsttime(that)sb.haddone如：Itwasthefirsttime(that)he__________(be,bite)byadog.EX.Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空。WhenIwasachild,Ioften__________footballinthestreet.(play)He__________TVfrom7to9lastnight.(watch)WhenevertheBrowns__________duringtheirvisit,theyweregivenawarmwelcome.(go)ThestudentsdiditbetterthanI__________.(expect)I__________abookwhenhecamein.(read)YouarefromShanghai.I__________youwerefromGuangdong.(think)Bythetimethepolicemenarrived,we__________thethief.(catch)Ihaven’tvisitedhimsinceI__________here.(come)OurteachertoldusthatColumbus__________Americain1492.(discover)Therewassomeoneinourroomjustnow,becauseI__________aburningcigaretteendonthefloorwhenIopenedthefrontdoor.(notice)Ⅱ.单项选择。Johnhadtohavehiscarrepairedinagaragebecauseit__________seriously.A.damagedB.wasbeingdamagedC.haddamagedD.hadbeendamaged---Jack,howdoyoufindyourcompany?---Alittleworried.We__________groundasaleaderinthisfieldwiththeothersdevelopingfast.A.havelostB.arelosingC.lostD.werelosing---DidAlanenjoyseeinghisoldfriendsyesterday?---Yes,hedid.He__________hisoldfriendsforalongtime.A.didn’tseeB.wouldn’tseeC.hasn’tseeD.hadn’tseenEnglishhasbeenchangingforcenturies,andevennow,newwordsandexpressions__________nearlyeveryday.A.areaddedB.arebeingaddedC.haveaddedD.havebeenadded---Whyhaven’tyouaskedhertocomehere?---She__________animportantexperimentwhenIfoundherandshe__________it.A.haddone;didn’tfinishB.wasdoing;hasn’tfinishedC.did;wouldn’tfinishD.hasdone;hadn’tfinishedI’dratheryou__________rightnow.A.leaveB.leftC.willleaveD.shouldleaveHowIwishI__________suchasillymistake,butIdid.A.hadnotmadeB.wouldnotmakeC.didn’tmakeD.haven’tmadeMymotherfeltpleasedwithherselfbecauseshe__________myfathertogiveupsmoking.A.haspersuadedB.hadpersuadedC.hasadvisedD.hadadvised---Whyonearthdidn’tyouanswerthphone?---I’msorry,butthedoorbell__________,too.A.isringingB.wasringingC.rangD.wasabouttoring---Youshouldhavefinisheditsooner.---Iknow.ButI__________enoughtime.A.hadn’thadB.don’thaveC.won’thaveD.didn’thaveIhadapleasantsurprisewhenIgottomyroom.Someone__________someflowersthereforme.A.hadputB.hasputC.putD.isputtingIdon’tknowifyounoticedtheirabsenceornot,butwe__________.A.didB.haveC.hadD.wereJohnhasgonetoShanghai,butI’mwonderingwhyhe__________insuchahurry.A.leftB.hasleftC.leavesD.wasleavingAssoonasIgotonthebusIrealizedthatI__________mypapersinthehouse.A.leftB.wasleavingC.hadleftD.haveleft---They__________theroadlastnight,buttheywon’tcompleteituntiltomorrow.---Sotheroadisstillclosedtothetraffic,isn’tit?A.repairedB.wererepairingC.hadrepairedD.hadbeenrepairingSalesofCDshavegreatlyincreasedsincetheearly1990s,whenpeople__________toenjoytheadvantagesofthistechnology.A.beginB.beganC.havebegunD.hadbegunWhentheoldman__________towalkbacktohishouse,thesun__________itselfbehindthemountain.A.started;hadalreadyhiddenB.hadstarted;hadalreadyhiddenC.hadstarted;washidingD.wasstarting;hid---YouwereoutwhenIdroppedinatyourhome.---Oh,I__________forafriendfromEnglandattheairport.A.waswaitingB.hadwaitedC.amwaitingD.havewaitedThenewscameasnosurprisetome.I__________forsometimethatthefactorywasgoingtoshutdown.A.hadknownB.knewC.haveknownD.knowThegirl__________inasmanyastenfilmsbythetimeshewassixteen.A.actedB.hadactedC.wasactingD.wouldactⅢ.指出下列句子的错误并改正。（每句一处）WhenIlastsawJanet,shehurriedtohernextclassontheothersideofthecampusanddidn’thavetimetotalk.AlthoughMr.Whitehadbeenoneofthebestknownnewspapermeninthecountry,hedidnotenjoyhisworkverymuch.Nancysaidthatshewenttothesupermarketbeforecominghome.Iusetoplayping-pongalotinmysparetime,butnowIaminterestedinfootball.---Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.---Oh!Ithoughttheywentwithoutme.Theywantedtohelp,buttheycouldnotgetthereintime.Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.It’syearssinceIhaveenjoyedmyselfsomuch.Thediscussionwascomingalivewhenaninterestingtopicwasbroughtin.ThestudentswerewritingbusilywhenMissBrownwenttogettobooksheleftintheclassroom.Theproductionplanwascarriedoutbytheendoflastyear.Ⅳ.单项选择OldMcDonaldgaveupsmokingforawhile,butsoon__________hisoldways.A.returnedB.returnsC.wasreturningD.hadreturnedHelen__________herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband__________home.A.hasleft;comesB.left;hadcomeC.hadleft;cameD.hadleft;wouldcome---HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?---Ihavenoidea.He__________itthismorning.A.didB.hasdoneC.wasdoingD.haddone---Excuseme,sir.Wouldyoudomeafavor?---Ofcourse.Whatisit?---I__________ifyoucouldtellmehowtofilloutthisform.A.hadwonderedB.waswonderingC.wouldwonderD.didwonderShe__________herhairstyleinherhometownbeforeshecametoChongqingforabetterjob.A.wouldchangeB.haschangedC.changedD.waschangingJohn,afriendofmine,whogotmarriedonlylastweek,spent$3,000morethanhe__________forthewedding.A.willplanB.hasplannedC.wouldplanD.hadplanned---WhatwereyoudoingwhenTonyphonedyou?---Ihadjustfinishedmyworkand__________totakeashower.A.hadstartedB.startedC.havestartedD.wasstartingIdon’tthinkJimsawme;he__________intospace.A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststaredIcalledHannahmanytimesyesterdayevening,butIcouldn’tgetthrough.Herbrother__________onthephoneallthetime.A.wastalkingB.hasbeentalkingC.hastalkedD.talkedIdon’tbelieveyou’vealreadyfinishedreadingthebook.I__________ittoyouthismorning!A.wouldlendB.waslendingC.hadlentD.lent---Ibegyourpardon,butIdidn’tquitecatchyou.---Oh,I__________myself.A.amtalkingtoB.talkedaboutC.havetalkedtoD.wastalkingto---We__________thatyouwouldfixtheTVsetthisweek.---I’msorry.I__________tofixitthisweek,butI’vebeentoobusy.A.hadexpected;hadintendedB.expect;intendC.areexpecting;hadintendedD.expected;intend---Wheredoyouthink__________he__________thecomputer?---Sorry.Ihavenoidea.A.has;boughtB./;boughtC.did;buyD./;buys---Didhenoticeyouentertheroom?---Idon’tthinkso.He__________totheradiowithhiseyesshut.A.listenedB.waslisteningC.haslistenedD.hadlistenedShe__________totheofficethanshegotdowntowritingthereport.A.hasnosoonergotB.hadhardlygotC.nosoonergotD.hadnosoonergot---I’msorry,butthere’snosmokingonthisfloor.---Oh,I__________that.Sorry,Iwon’tagain.A.don’tknowB.didn’tknowC.won’tknowD.haven’tknowIthoughtJimwouldsaysomethingabouthisschoolreport,buthe__________it.A.doesn’tmentionB.hadn’tmentionedC.didn’tmentionD.hasn’tmentioned---DoesLiPingserveinthearmy?---No,buthe__________inthearmyforfiveyears.A.servedB.hasservedC.isservingD.wouldserve---I’msorry.Ishouldn’thavebeen