新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题12 记叙文类阅读理解（原卷版）

专题12记叙文类阅读理解（原卷版）记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。一、解题策略 1.记叙文写作特点高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有可能大大提高。要熟练掌握记叙文的阅读技巧，了解记叙文的写作特点与命题特点也是有必要的。记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓＂一篇之妙，在于落句＂。总之：1.同一人物重复出现，以人物关系为发展主线；2.有不同时间点分布，以时间为发展顺序；3.生词少，句子短；4.最终给读者以一定道理以及启迪。 2.记叙文考情分析有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读此类文章应特别注意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生，发展，高潮和结局；（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；（3）若是＂逸闻趣事＂，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。记叙文命题特点从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。近五年高考英语阅读记叙文主要考查类型1.故事叙述2.成功经历3.态度转变4.人性关怀5.职业生涯6.人物影响7.情感抒发8.教育理念 3.记叙文解题技巧记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。一把钥匙开一把锁。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。解题技能训练No.1顺藤摸瓜记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what,who,when,where,why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。No.2左顾右盼在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。No.3刨根问底如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如＂Whatcanbeinferredfrom…?＂或是Whatdoestheauthorimplyin…?＂之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。No.4拨云见日每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。这时，你不仅需要＂左顾右盼＂，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后拨开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案。总体解题步骤1.分析题干（找出所有问题并预览全文）；2.通读全文同时解出细节题（不可跳过文章中任何一处信息）；3.把握中心，解剩余题。解题注意事项1.必须通读全文，不可遗漏任何信息，每一段落相互关联；2.文章结尾处通常是中心主旨所在处，必须精读；3.注意文章中的各种人物关系（主要人物关系/次要人物关系）。高考真题一、2022年高考真题【2022年6月全国甲卷D篇】Sometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.Then,oneafteranother,Sydneydiscoveredlotsofthingsthatwerejustsortofthere—broadparks,superbbeaches,andaculturallydiversepopulation.Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s,pilotsSydneyferryboatsforaliving.Ispentthewholemorningshuttlingbackandforthacrosstheharbor.AfterourthirdrunAndrewshutdowntheengine,andwewentourseparateways—heforalunchbreak,Itoexplorethecity.“I’llmisstheseoldboats,”hesaidasweparted.“Howdoyoumean?”Iasked.“Oh,they’rereplacingthemwithcatamarans.Catamaransarefaster,butthey’renotsoelegant,andthey’renotfuntopilot.Butthat’sprogress,Iguess.”EverywhereinSydneythesedays,changeandprogressarethewatchwords(口号),andtraditionsareincreasinglyrare.ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity’sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.“Sydneyisconfusedaboutitself,”shesaid.“Wecan’tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.It’saconflictthatwearen’tgettinganybetteratresolving(解决).”Ontheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony.“Manypeoplesaythatwelackcultureinthiscountry,”hetoldme.“WhatpeopleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycametoAustralia,brought2000yearsoftheirculture,theGreekssome3000years,andtheChinesemorestill.We’vegotafoundationbuiltonancientculturesbutwithadriveanddynamismofayoungcountry.It’saprettyhardcombinationtobeat.”Heisright,butIcan’thelpwishingtheywouldkeepthoseoldferries.32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Sydney’sstrikingarchitecture. B.TheculturaldiversityofSydney.C.ThekeytoSydney’sdevelopment. D.Sydney’stouristattractionsinthe1960s.33.WhatcanwelearnaboutAndrewReynolds?A.Hegoestoworkbyboat. B.Helooksforwardtoanewlife.C.Hepilotscatamaranswell. D.Heisattachedtotheoldferries.34.WhatdoesShirleyFitzgeraldthinkofSydney?A.Itislosingitstraditions. B.Itshouldspeedupitsprogress.C.Itshouldexpanditspopulation. D.Itisbecomingmoreinternational.35.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Acitycanbeyoungandoldatthesametime.B.Acitybuiltonancientculturesismoredynamic.C.Modernityisusuallyachievedatthecostofelegance.D.Compromiseshouldbemadebetweenthelocalandtheforeign.【2022年6月北京卷B篇】MynameisAlice.Earlylastyear,Iwastroubledbyananxietythatcrippled(削弱)myabilitytodoanything.Ifeltlikeastormcloudhungoverme.ForalmostayearIstruggledon,constantlystaringatthiswallthatfacedme.Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis:IwantedtobeperfectatwhateverIdid,whichobviouslyinlifeisnotpossible,butitconsumedme.Oneday,IattendedapresentationbywildlifeconservationistGrantBrownatmyhighschool.Hispresentationnotonlyawedandinspiredme,butalsohelpedemergeaninnerdesiretomakeadifferenceintheworld.Ijoinedapre-presentationdinnerwithhimandthatsmallersettingallowedmetoslowlybuildupmycouragetospeakone-on-onewithhim—anideathathadseemedcompletelyimpossible.Thisfirstcontactwaswheremystorybegan.Amonthlater,BrowninvitedmetoattendtheWorldYouthWildlifeConference.Lookingback,Inowseethatthiswouldbethefirstinaseriesoftimelyopportunitiesthatmyoldselfwouldhaveletpass,butthatthisnewandmoreconfidentAliceenthusiasticallyseized.ShortlyafterIreceivedhisinvitation,applicationstojointheYouthforNatureandtheYouthforPlanetgroupsweresentaroundthroughmyhighschool.Idecidedtocommittocompletingtheapplications,andsoonIwasapartofagrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedtogrowmyconfidence.IamwritingthisjustsixmonthssincemyjourneybeganandI’verealisedthatmybiggestobstacle(障碍)thiswholetimewasmyself.Itwasthatvoiceinthebackofmyheadtellingmethatonephrasethathasstoppedsomanypeoplefromreachingtheirpotential:Ican’t.Theysaygoodthingscometothosewhowait;Isay:grabeveryopportunitywitheverythingyouhaveandbeimpatient.Afterall,naturedoesnotrequireourpatience,butouraction.24.WhatwasthemaincauseforAlice’sanxiety?A.Herinabilitytoactherage. B.Herhabitofconsumption.C.Herdesiretobeperfect. D.Herlackofinspiration.25.HowdidGrantBrown’spresentationinfluenceAlice?A.Shedecidedtodosomethingfornature. B.Shetastedthesweetnessoffriendship.C.Shelearnedabouttheharmofdesire. D.Shebuiltuphercouragetospeakup.26.TheactivitiesAlicejoinedinhelpedhertobecomemore________.A.intelligent B.confident C.innovative D.critical27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Patienceisacureofanxiety.C.Actionisworry’sworstenemy. D.Everythingcomestothosewhowait.【2022年6月浙江卷A篇】Pastaandpizzawereoneveryone’slunchmenuinmynativelandofItaly.Everyonewhohadsuchalunchwasfair-skinnedandspokeItalian.Afewyearslater,asIstoodinthelunchlinewithmykindergartenclassinaschoolinBrooklyn,Irealizedthingswerenolongerthatsimple.Myclassmatesrangedfromthosekidswithpaleskinandlargeblueeyestothosewithrichbrownskinanddarkhair.Thefoodchoiceswerealmostasdiverseasthestudents.InfrontofmewasanarrayoffoodsIcouldn’tevennameinmynativelanguage.FearingthatIwouldpickoutsomethingawful,Idesperatelytriedtoasktheboyaheadofmeforarecommendation.Unfortunately,betweenusstoodthebarrieroflanguage.Althoughmykindergartenexperiencefeelslikeacenturyago,thelessonsIlearnedwillstickinmymindforever.Forthepastthreesummers,IhaveworkedinagovernmentagencyinNewYork.Newimmigrantsmuchlikethelittlegirlinthelunchlinefloodedourofficeseekinghelp.IoftenhadtobeaninterpreterfortheItalian-speakingones.AsIservedtheroleofvitalcommunicationlink,IwasremindedofmydesperatestruggletoconversebeforeIlearnedEnglish.IwatchedwithgreatsympathyaselderlyItalianstriedtoholdaconversationinItalianwithpeoplewhodidnotspeakthelanguage.ItsuddenlybecameverycleartomehowluckyIwastobefluentintwolanguages.InNewYork,amulticulturalcity,studentslikemeareblessedwithachancetoworkwithadiversepopulation.InmyEnglishtoItaliantranslations,I’velearnedaboutsocialprogramsthatIdidn’tknowexisted.Thisworkexpandedmymindinwaysthatareimpossibleinsidethefourwallsofaclassroom.WalkingthroughthestreetsofBrooklyntoday,Iamnolongerconfusedbythiscity’ssoundsandsmells.Instead,enjoyitsdiversity.1.WhatdidtheauthorrealizeafterenteringschoolinBrooklyn?A.Timepassedquickly. B.Englishwashardtolearn.C.Thefoodwasterrible. D.Peoplewereverydifferent.2.Whodoes“thelittlegirl”inparagraph2referto?AAnItalianteacher. B.Agovernmentofficial.C.Theauthorherself. D.Theauthor’sclassmate.3.Howdidthesummerjobbenefittheauthor?A.Itstrengthenedherloveforschool. B.Ithelpedsharpenhersenseofdirection.C.Itopenedhereyestotherealworld. D.Itmadeherchildhooddreamcometrue.【2022年1月浙江卷A篇】Fornearlyadecadenow,Merebethhasbeenaself-employedpettransportspecialist.Herpettransportjobwasbornofthefinancialcrisis（危机）inthelate2000s．Thedownturnhittherealestate（房地产）firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.Thefirmwentbrokeandleftherlookingforanewjob.Oneday,whiledrivingnearherhome,shesawadogwanderingontheroad,clearlylost.Shetookithome,andhersisterinDenveragreedtotakeit.Thiswasalovinghomeforsure,but1,600milesaway.Itdidn’ttakelongforMerebethtodecidetodrivethedogthereherself.Itwasherfirstroadtriptohernewjob.Merebeth'spetdeliveryservicesatisfiesher

wanderlust.IthastakenhertoeverystateintheUSexceptMontana,WashingtonandOregon,shesaysproudly.Ifshewantstovisitanewplace,shewillsimplyfindapetwithtransportneedsthere.Shetravelsinallweathers.Shehasdriventhrough55mphwindsinWyoming,heavyfloodingandstormsinAlabamaandtotalwhiteoutconditionsinKansas.Thiswanderlustisinheritedfromherfather,shesays.HemovedtheirfamilyfromCanadatoCaliforniawhenshewasoneyearold,becausehewantedthemtoexploreanewplacetogether.AssoonasshegraduatedfromhighschoolshelefthometoliveonCatalinaIslandofftheCaliforniancoast,awayfromherparents,wheresheenjoyedalifeofsailingandoff-roadbiking.Itturnsoutthatpettransportingpaysquitewellatabout$30,000peryearbeforetax.Shedoesn'tworkinsummer,asitwouldbeunpleasantlyhotfortheanimalsinthecar,evenwithairconditioning.Asautumncomes,shegetsrestlessthesameoldwanderlustreturning.It'sacallshemusthandle

alone,though.Merebethsays,"WhenI'montheroad,I'mjustinmyownworld.I'vealwaysbeenindependent-spiritedandIjustfeelstronglythatImust

helpanimals."21.WhydidMerebethchangeherjob?A.Shewantedtoworknearherhome.B.Shewastiredofworkingintheoffice.C.HersisteraskedhertomovetoDenver.D.Herformeremployerwasoutofbusiness.22.Theword“wanderlust"inparagraph2meansadesireto?A.makemoney.

B.tryvariousjobs.C.beclosetonature.

D.traveltodifferentplaces.23.WhatcanwelearnaboutMerebethinhernewjob?A.Shehaschancestoseerareanimals.B.Sheworkshardthroughouttheyear.C.Shereliesonherselfthewholetime.D.Sheearnsabasicandtax-freesalary.【2022年1月浙江卷B篇】TheUnitedStatesrosetoglobalpoweronthestrengthofitstechnology,andthelifebloodofthattechnologyhaslongbeenelectricity.Byprovidinglong-distancecommunicationandenergy,electricitycreatedthemodernworld.Yetproperlyunderstood,theageofelectricityismerelythesecondstageintheageofsteam,whichbeganacenturyearlier."Itiscuriousthat

no

onehasputtogetherahistoryofboththesteamandelectric

revolutions."writesMauryKleininhisbookThePowerMakers:Steam,Electricity,andtheMen

Who

InventedModernAmerica.Klein,anotedhistorianoftechnology,spinsanarrative(叙述)

solivelythatattimesitreadslikeanovel.Thestorybeginsinthelastyearsofthe18thcenturyinScotland,whereWattperfected"themachinethatchangedtheworld".Kleinwrites,“Americadidnotinventthesteamengine,butoncetheygraspedits

possibility

theyput

it

tomoreusesthananyoneelse.”

Meanwhile,overthecourseof19thcentury,electricitywentfrommerecuriositytoabasicnecessity.Morseinventedacodeforsendingmessagesoveranelectromagneticcircuit.Bellthengavethetelegraphavoice.Edisonperfectedanincandescentbulb(白炽灯泡)

thatbroughtelectriclightintotheAmericanhome.Mostimportantly,Edisonrealizedthatsuccessdependedonmasselectrification,whichheshowedinNewYorkCity.WithhelpfromTesla,Westinghouse'sfirmdevelopedasystemusingalternatingcurrent（交流电）,whichsoonbecamethemajorformofpowerdelivery.Toframehisstory,KleincreatesthecharacterofNed,afictionalwitnesstotheprogressbroughtaboutbythesteamandelectricrevolutionsinAmericaduringoneman'slifetime.It'satechniquethathelpsturnalongnarrativeintoaninterestingone.24.WhatisKlein'sunderstandingoftheageofelectricity?A.Itiscloselylinkedtothesteamage.B.Itbeganearlierthanpeople

thought.C.Itisalittle-studiedperiodofhistory.D.Itwillcometoanendsoonerorlater.25.WhatcanbeinferredaboutNed?A.HewasborninNewYorkCity.

B.Hewrotemanyinterestingstories,C.Hecreatedanelectricitycompany.D.Helivedmainlyinthe19thcentury.26.Whatisthetext?A.Abiography.B.Abookreview.C.Ashortstory.D.Asciencereport.二、2021年高考真题1.【2021新高考1卷B篇】Byday,RobertTittertonisalawyer.InhissparetimethoughhegoesonstagebesidepianistMariaRaspopova—notasamusicianbutasherpageturner."I'mnotatrainedmusician,butI'velearnttoreadmusicsoIcanhelpMariainherperformance."MrTittertonischairmanoftheOmegaEnsemblebuthasbeenthegroup'sofficialpageturnerforthepastfouryears.Hisjobistositbesidethepianistandturnthepagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn'thavetobreaktheflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves.Hesaidhebecamejustasnervousasthoseplayinginstrumentsonstage."Alotofskillsareneededforthejob.Youhavetomakesureyoudon'tturntwopagesatonceandmakesureyoufindtherepeatsinthemusicwhenyouhavetogobacktotherightspot,"

MrTittertonexplained.Beingapageturnerrequiresplentyofpractice.Somepiecesofmusiccangofor40minutesandrequireupto50pageturns,includingbackturnsforrepeatpassages.Silentonstagecommunicationiskey,andeachpianisthastheirownstyleof"nodding"toindicateapageturnwhichtheyneedtopractisewiththeirpageturner.Butlikeallperformances,therearemomentswhenthingsgowrong.

"Iwasturningthepagetogetreadyforthenextpage,butthedraftwindfromtheturncausedthesparepagestofalloffthestand,"

MrTittertonsaid.

"LuckilyIwasabletocatchthemandputthemback."Mostpageturnersarepianostudentsorup-and-comingconcertpianists,althoughMsRaspopovahasonceaskedherhusbandtohelpheroutonstage."Myhusbandistheworstpageturner,"

shelaughed.

"He'sinterestedinthemusic,feelingeverynote,andIhavetosay:

'Turn,turn!'"

"RobertisthebestpageturnerI'vehadinmyentirelife."1.WhatshouldTittertonbeabletodotobeapageturner?A.Readmusic.B.Playthepiano.C.Singsongs.D.Fixtheinstruments.2WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTitterton'sjobonstage?A.Boring.B.Well-paid.C.Demanding.D.Dangerous.3WhatdoesTittertonneedtopractise?A.Countingthepages.B.Recognizingthe

"nodding".C.Catchingfallingobjects.D.Performinginhisownstyle.4WhyisMsRaspopova'shusband

"theworstpageturner"

?A.Hehasverypooreyesight.B.Heignorestheaudience.C.Hehasnointerestinmusic.D.Heforgetstodohisjob.2.【2021全国甲卷C篇】WhenIwas9,wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow,LondononagrayJanuarymorning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue-skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once,whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam（橫杆）,Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:Safe,man.Safe.Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:

"Safe!Safe!Safe!"

Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.WhenIwas15,myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocalswerefarlesswelcoming.Withinacoupleofyears,I'dgivenitup.WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,IfoundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank,spendinghoursthere.I'vetraveledbackseveraltimessince,mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear;touristsandLondonersstoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving（穿梭）amongthekidswhorushedbyontheirboards,Ifoundmywaytothebeam.Thenarail-thinteenager,inabaggywhiteT-shirt,skidded（滑）uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.Heseemednottonoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances."Iwasalocalhere20yearsago,"Itoldhim.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead."Safe,man.Safe.”"Yeah,"Isaid.“Safe."1.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorsoonafterhemovedtoLondon?A.Hefeltdisappointed.B.Hegaveuphishobby.C.Helikedtheweatherthere.D.Hehaddisagreementswithhisfamily.2.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"Safe!Safe!Safe!"probablymean?A.Becareful!B.Welldone!C.Noway!D.Don'tworry.3.WhydidtheauthorliketospendtimeinSouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLondon?A.Tojointheskateboarding.B.Tomakenewfriends.C.Tolearnnewtricks.D.Torelievehischildhooddays.4.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?A.Childrenshouldlearnasecondlanguage.B.Sportisnecessaryforchildren'shealth.C.Childrenneedasenseofbelonging.D.Seeingtheworldismustforchildren.3.【2021年6月浙江卷】LeslieNielsen'schildhoodwasadifficultone,buthehadoneparticularshiningstarinhislife—hisuncle,whowasawell-knownactor.TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareer（职业）inacting.Eventhoughheoftenfelthewouldbediscoveredtobeano-talent,hemovedforward,gainingascholarshiptotheNeighborhoodPlayhouseandmakinghisfirsttelevisionappearanceafewyearslaterin1948.However,becomingafull-time,successfulactorwouldstillbeanuphillbattleforanothereightyeasuntilhelandedanumberoffilmrolesthatfinallygothimnoticed.Buteventhen,whathehadwasn'tquitewhathewanted.Nielsenalwaysfeltheshouldbedoingcomedybuthisgoodlooksanddistinguishedvoicekepthimbusyindramaticroles.Itwasn'tuntil1980—32yearsintohiscareer—thathelandedtheroleitwouldseemhewasmadeforin

Airplane!Thatmovieledhimintothesecondhalfofhiscareerwherehiscomedicpresencealonecouldmakeamovieafinancialsuccessevenwhenmoviereviewerswouldnotrateithighly.DidNielsenthenfeelcontentinhiscareer?Yesandno.Hewasthrilledtobedoingthecomedythathealwaysfeltheshoulddo,butevenduringhislastfewyearhealwayshadasenseofcuriosity,wonderingwhatnewroleorchallengemightbejustaroundthecorner.Heneverstoppedworking,neverretired.LeslieNielsen'sdevotiontoactingiswonderfullyinspiring.Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemorethanplainoldhardworkanddetermination.Heshowedusthatevenasingledesire,nevergivenupon,canmakeforaremarkablelife.1.WhydidNielsenwanttobeanactor?A.Heenjoyedwatchingmovies.B.Hewaseagertoearnmoney.C.Hewantedtobelikehisuncle.D.Hefelthewasgoodatacting.2.WhatdoweknowaboutNelseninthesecondhalfofhiscareer?A.Hedirectedsomehighqualitymovies.B.Heavoidedtakingonnewchallenges.C.Hefocusedonplayingdramaticroles.D.Hebecameasuccessfulcomedyactor.3.WhatdoesNielsen'scareerstorytellus?A.Artislong,lifeisshort.B.Hewholaughslastlaughslongest.C.It'snevertoolatetolearn.D.Wherethere'sawillthere'saway.4.【2021年6月北京卷B篇】Irememberthedayduringourfirstweekofclasswhenwewereinformedaboutoursemester（学期）projectofvolunteeringatanon-profitorganization.Whentheteacherintroducedustothedifferentorganizationsthatneededourhelp,mylastchoicewasOperationIraqiChildren(OIC).MyfirstimpressionoftheorganizationwasthatitwasnotgoingtomakeenoughofadifferencewiththeplansIhadinmind.Then,anOICrepresentativegaveussomedetails,whichsomewhatinterestedme.Afterdoingsomeresearch,Ibelievedthatwecouldreallydosomethingforthosekids.WhenIwentonlinetotheOICwebsite,IsawpicturesoftheIraqichildren.Theirfacesweresopowerfulinsendingamessageoftheirdespair（绝望）andneedthatIjoinedthisprojectwithouthesitation.Wedecidedtocollectasmanyschoolsuppliesaspossible,andmakethemintokits—onekit,onechild.Themostrewardingdayforourgroupwasprojectday,whenalltheeffortsweputintocollectingtheitemsfinallycametogether.WhenIsawthevarioussupplieswehadcollected,ithitmethateverykitweweretobuildthatdaywouldeventuallybeinthehandsofanIraqichild.Overthepastfourmonths,IhadneverimaginedhowIwouldfeelonceourprojectwascompleted.Whilemakingthekits,IrealizedthatIhadlostsightofthetruemeaningbehindit.IhadonlyfocusedonthefactthatitwasanotherschoolprojectandoneIwantedtogetagoodgradeon.Whenthekitswerecompleted,andreadytobesentoverseas,thewarmfeelingIhadwasoneIwouldneverforget.Inthebeginning,Idaredmyselftomakeadifferenceinthelifeofanotherperson.Nowthatourprojectisover,IrealizethatIhaveaffectednotonlyonelife,butten.Withourefforts,tenyoungboysandgirlswillnowbeabletofurthertheireducation.1.HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutjoiningtheOICprojectinthebeginning?A.Itwouldaffecthis/herinitialplans.B.Itwouldinvolvetravelingoverseas.C.Itwouldnotbringhim/heragoodgrade.D.Itwouldnotliveuptohis/herexpectations.2.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorchangehis/herattitudetowardtheproject?A.ImagesofIraqichildren.B.Researchbyhis/herclassmates.C.Ateacher'sintroduction.D.Arepresentative'scomments.3.Theauthor'sOICprojectgroupwouldhelptenIraqichildrento

.A.becomeOICvolunteersB.furthertheireducationC.studyinforeigncountriesD.influenceotherchildren4.Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?A.One'spotentialcannotalwaysbeunderrated.B.Firstimpressioncannotalwaysbetrusted.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Hewhohesitatesislost.5.【2021年6月北京卷C篇】Hundredsofscientists,writersandacademicssoundedawarningtohumanityinanopenletterpublishedlastDecember:Policymakersandtherestofusmustengageopenlywiththeriskofglobalcollapse.Researchersinmanyareashaveprojectedthewidespreadcollapseas"acrediblescenario（情景）thiscentury".Asurveyofscientistsfoundthatextremeweatherevents,foodinsecurity,andfreshwatershortagesmightcreateglobalcollapse.Ofcourse,ifyouareanon-humanspecies,collapseiswellunderway.Thecallforpublicengagementwiththeunthinkableisespecially

germane

inthismomentofstill-uncontrolledpandemicandeconomiccrisesintheworld'smosttechnologicallyadvancednations.Notverylongago,itwasalsounthinkablethataviruswouldshutdownnationsandthatsafetynetswouldbeprovensodisastrouslylackinginflexibility.Theinternationalscholars'warningletterdoesn'tsayexactlywhatcollapsewilllooklikeorwhenitmighthappen.Collapseology,thestudyofcollapse,ismoreconcernedwithidentifyingtrendsandwiththemthedangersofeverydaycivilization.Amongthesignatories（签署者）ofthewarningwasBobJohnson,theoriginatorofthe"ecologicalfootprint"concept,whichmeasuresthetotalamountofenvironmentalinputneededtomaintainagivenlifestyle.Withthecurrentfootprintofhumanity,"itseemsthatglobalcollapseiscertaintohappeninsomeform,possiblywithinadecade,certainlywithinthiscentury,"Johnsonsaidinanemail.Onlyifwediscusstheconsequencesofourbiophysicallimits,theDecemberwarninglettersays,canwehavethehopetoreducetheir"speed,severityandharm".Andyetmessengersofthecomingdisturbancearelikelytobeignored.Weallwanttohopethingswillturnoutfine.Asapoetwrote,Manisavictimofdope（麻醉品）Intheincurableformofhope.Thehundredsofscholarswhosignedtheletterareintent（执着）onquietinghopethatignorespreparedness."Let'slookdirectlyintotheissueofcollapse,"theysay,"anddealwiththeterriblepossibilitiesofwhatweseetheretomakethebestofatroublingfuture."1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"germane"inParagraph3probablymean?A.Scientific.B.Credible.C.Original.D.Relevant.2.Asforthepublicawarenessofglobalcollapse,theauthoris

.A.worriedB.puzzledC.surprisedD.scared3.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.The