高二英语语法-虚拟语气

学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载虚拟语气：是一种与事实（包括过去，现在或将来）完全相反的陈述，表示假设，愿望，怀疑，推测或后悔。虚拟语气主要用于条件从句，让步从句和名词性从句。

虚拟语气句型中常见的动词形式：

1.动词过去式

2.haddone

3.would/could/should/mightdo

4.would/could/should/mighthavedone

5.

were

（一）虚拟语气用在与过去事实相反的假设的条件句中：表示假设，后悔或推测。

句型结构：If+主语+hadbeen/done….，主语+should/could/might/would+havedone….

1.Iftheillnesshadbeendiagnosedadayearlier,itmighthavemadealldifferent.

2.Ifshehadtoldhimaboutthedanger,hewouldnothavegothurt.

3.IfIhadknownmoreaboutgivingfirstaid,Icouldhavehelpedhim.

（二）虚拟语气用在与现在事实相反的假设的条件句中：

句型结构：If+主语+were/动词过去式，主语+should/could/might/would+do

1.IfIhadHIV,IwouldknowbecauseIwouldfeelsick.

2.IfIwereyou,IwouldgiveanAIDSpatientahug.

3.虚拟语气用在与将来的结果相反的假设的条件句中：

句型结构：If+主语+weretodo,主语+should/could/might/would+do

If+主语+shoulddo

If+主语+动词过去式

（1）Ifweweretopanic,wewouldnotbeabletohelp.

（2）Ifthelittlegirlshouldtakepianolessons,shewouldhavelessfreetime.

（3）IfIweretolivelongenoughtohaveajob,Iwouldchoosetobeadoctor,helpingtheseAIDSpatients.

注意：虚拟条件句的从句中如果有助动词were;had或should可以去掉if以后用倒装句语序。

例句：

①HadInothelpedhim,hewouldhavefailedinbusiness.

②ShouldIbefree,Iwouldcome.

③Wereshemydaughter,Icouldsuggestadifferentplan.

注意：有时候，主，从句所描述的时间范围不一致，则根据具体语境调整动词的形式。

例句：

①Ifhehadcaughtthetrain,hewouldbeherebynow.

②YouwouldspeakEnglishwellenough,ifyouhadpracticedeveryday.

（四）虚拟语气在其他句型中的使用：

1.用在与without,butfor,but,otherwise短语连用的句型中：

例句：

Theshipwouldhavesunkwithallonboardbutforeffortsofthecaptain.

Therescuearrivedintime,otherwiseTheywouldhavebeenfrozentodeath.

2.用在It’stime句型中：It’stimethat主语+动词过去式……

It’stimethatIwenttoschoolandpickedupmydaughter.

3.在句型…asif/though+主语+动词过去式/were/haddone……

例句：

HelookedatmeasifIweremad.

“Iwishpeoplewouldfindoutthefacts,”shesays,“andnotactasifIwereabadordangerousperson.”

Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.

4.用在Ifonly句型中：表示：要是……该多好啊！

（1）Ifonlyyouhadn’ttoldJackiewhatIsaid,everythingwouldhavebeenallright.

（2）Ifonlyyouwouldlistentoreason.

5.与“命令，建议，要求,有必要/重要”有关的名词性从句中的谓语动词结构：

（1）主动结构：shoulddo

（2）被动结构：shouldbedone；（should可以省略）

①Isuggestthatheshouldcomeanotherday.

②Thesuggestionthatthestudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.

（五）情态动词（should/oughtto;could;needn’t;wouldliketo等）+havedone：表示“本来应该/能够/没必要/很愿意”

1.Youcouldhavetoldusearlier.

2.Ioughttohaveboughtthatdictionarylastweek.

3.Yououghtnottohavespentsomuchtimeinreadingnovels.

4.Weneednothavebeeninahurrytocatchthetrain.高二英语虚拟语气倒装句练习1.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotired.A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot2.___itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuA.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will3.Thecaptainkeptcalmintheterriblestorm,otherwisetheaccident____.A.couldn’tbepreventedB.mustn’thavepreventedC.wouldn’thavebeenpreventedD.shouldn’tprevent4.Whenthepencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlookasifit____.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken5.Whydidn’tyoutellmetherewasnomeetingtoday?I___allthewayherethroughtheheavysnow.A.needn’thavedrivenB.can’thavedrivenC.mustn’thavedrivenD.shouldn’thavedriven6.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You___homewithoutaword.A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleave7.Itissuggestedthatadoctor____immediately.A.besentforB.sendforC.issentforD.shouldsendfor8.—DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?—Idon’tknow,____.A.nordon’tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon’tcare,neither.D.Idon’tcarealso9.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver____howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagesdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealize10._____canyouexpecttogetapayrise.A.WithhardworkB.AlthoughhardworkC.OnlywithhardworkD.Nowthatheworkshard11.Theofficerinsistedthattheyounggirl_____athiefandorderedshe____free.A.wasnot;besetB.shouldnotbe;besetC.wasnot;wastobesetD.wasnot;set12._____rightnow,shewouldgetthereonSunday.A.WouldsheleaveB.IfsheleavesC.WereshetoleaveD.Ifshehadleft13.Italready5o’clocknow.Don’tyouthinkit’stime____?A.wearegoinghomeB.wegohomeC.wewenthomeD.wecangohome14.Hadheworkedharder,he____theexams.A.musthavegotthroughB.wouldhavegotthroughC.wouldgetthroughD.couldgetthrough15.______forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheywerenot16.YesterdayJanewalkedawayfromthe'discussionOtherwise,she_____somethingshewouldregretlater.A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaid17.—Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.—____and____.A.Sohehas;soyouhaveB.Sohehas;sohaveyouC.Sohashe;sohaveyouD.Sheashe;soyouhave18.Ifinallygotthejob1dreamedabout.Neverinallmylifehappy.A.didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfelt19._____canyouexpecttogetapayrise.A.WithhardworkB.AlthoughhardworkC.OnlywithhardworkD.Nowthatheworkshard20.Sodifficult____ittoliveinanEnglishspeakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglishwell.A.IhavefeltB.haveIfeltC.IdidfeelD.didIfeel21.Onlywhenthewarwasover____tohishometown.A.didtheyoungsoldierreturnB.theyoungsoldierreturnedC.returnedtheyoungsoldierD.didreturntheyoungsoldier22.–Ifhe___,he____thatfood.-Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldn’ttakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken23.It’shardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI____inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shallfallD.weretofall.24.Withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesun’sheat,theearthatnight_____,toocoldforustolive.A.wouldbefreezingcoldB.willbefreezingcoldC.wouldbefrozencoldD.canfreezecoldly25.___itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuA.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will26.–Iwouldnevercometovisitthisrestaurantagain.Thefoodisterrible!-_______.A.NoramI.B.NeitherwouldI.C.SamewithmeD.SodoI.27.Onlywhenyouridentitybeenchecked,______.A.youareallowedB.youwillbeallowedinC.willyouallowinD.willyoubeallowedin28.Whatwouldhavehappened,____asfarastheriverbank?A.BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfarther29.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver____howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealize30._____forthefreetickets,Ishouldnothavegonetoseethefilmsooften.A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheywerenot31.–Sodifficult___ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIwasdeterminedtolearnEnglish.A.IhavefeltB.haveIfeltC.IdidfeelD.didIfeel32.Onlyinthisway___tomakeimprovementintheoperatingsystem.A.youcanhopeB.youdidhopeC.canyouhopeD.didyouhope33._____snacksanddrinks,buttheyalsobroughtcardsforentertainmentwhentheyhadapicnicintheforest.A.NotonlytheybroughtB.NotonlydidtheybringC.NotonlybroughttheyD.Notonlytheydidbring34._____,Ihaveneverseenanyonewho’sascapableasJohn.A.AslongasIhavetraveledB.NowthatIhavetraveledsomuchC.MuchasIhavetraveledD.AsIhavetraveledsomuch..35.Nosooner___thanitbegantorainheavily.A.thegamebeganB.hasthegamebegunC.didthegamebeginD.hadthegamebegun答案：1-5DBCCA6-10BABAC11-15ACCBC16-20DBDCD21-25ABBAB26-30BDCAC31-35DCBCD高二英语虚拟语气专项练习1.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe__nothingwrongand__free.A.did;setB.haddone;shouldbesetC.do;besetD.haddone;mustbeset2.MothersuggestedthatI___myhomeworkfirstbeforewatchingTV.A.didB.shalldoC.doD.havedone3.Mysuggestionwasthatthemeeting__offstillnextweek..A.beputB.toputC.shouldputD.beputting4.Thesuggestionhasbeenmade___thebasketballgame__putoff.A.for;toB.that;beC.which;shouldbeD.to;being5.Thecommanderorderedthatthewounded___tohospitalrightnow.A.tobesentB.shouldsendC.sendD.besent6.Theordercamethatthemedicalsupplies_____tothevillagesoon.A.wouldbesentB.shouldsendC.besentD.mustbesent7.Theyrequestedthathe___ontheradio.A.spokeB.speaksC.speakD.wouldspeak8.Itisimportantthatwe__wildanimals.A.willprotectB.shouldprotectC.shallprotectD.areprotecting9.Itisnecessarythattheproblem___atonce.A.solvesB.shouldsolveC.shouldbesolvedD.willbesolve10.Theteacherdemandedthattheexam___beforeeleven.A.mustfinishB.wouldbefinishedC.befinishedD.mustbefinished11.Shemadethedemandthatshe___atonce.A.leaveB.leavesC.leftD.tobeleft12.HeistalkingtoomuchaboutAmericaasifhe__there.A.hadbeenB.hasbeenC.wasD.been13.Motherinsistedthatthechild'shands___beforedinner.A.shouldwashB.bewashedC.wouldwashD.hadwashed14.Itisstrangethathe___interestedinmuchofhisresearch.A.shouldhavelostB.wouldlostC.hadlostD.willlost15.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you___allrightnow.A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen16.___Ibefreetomorrow,Icouldgowithyou.A.CouldB.ShouldC.MightD.WasI17.___todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherway.A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasI18.____today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.WouldheleaveB.WasheleavingB.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleave19.____yourletter,Iwouldhavewrittenbacktwodaysago.A.IfIreceivedB.ShouldIreceivedC.HadIreceivedD.IfIcouldhavereceived20.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatyou___ill,Iwouldaskyoutodothisrightnow.A.wereB.hadbeenC.areD.be21.Shoulditrain,thecrops___.A.wouldbesavedB.wouldhavebeensavedC.willbesavedD.hadbeensaved22.You___earlier.Thebusleftamomentago.A.wouldcomeB.shouldhavecomeC.maycomeD.havecome23.Hetreatedmeasthough____hisownson.A.IamB.IwouldbeC.IwasD.Iwere24.Hesmiledasifhe____mythought.A.readB.wasreadingC.hadreadD.hasread25.I___yousomemoney,butIhadn'tanyonmethen.A.wouldlendB.wouldhavelendC.couldlendD.mayhavelent26.Afewminutesearlierandwe___thetrain.A.havecaughtB.hadcaughtC.couldhavecaughtD.weretocaught27.IfI___you,Iwouldtryagain.A.amB.wasC.wereD.be28._____,allthestudentswouldhear.A.IftheteacherhadspokenlouderB.IftheteacherwillspeaklouderC.HadtheteacherspokenlouderD.Iftheteacherspokelouder29.Whatshouldwedoifit___tomorrow?A.shouldsnowB.wouldsnowC.snowD.willsnow30.Ifyou____5minutesearlier,you___him.A.shouldcome;hadseenB.came;wouldseeC.come;willseeD.hadcome;wouldhaveseen31.You___suchaseriousmistakeifyouhadfollowedhisadvice.A.maynotmakeB.mighthavenotmadeC.shouldn'thavemadeD.mightnothavemade32.We____theworkonthetimewithoutyourhelp.A.hadn'thadfinishedB.didn'thavefinishedC.couldn'thavefinishedD.can'thavefinished33.Ifyou___atschool,you__acollegestudentnow.A.hadstudiedhard;wouldhavebeenB.shouldhavestudiedhard;shouldhavebeenc.hadstudiedhard;wouldbeD.wouldstudyhard;musthavebeen34.IfonlyI___asyoungasyouare!A.beingB.amC.beD.were35.“HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?”“No,butIwishI___.”A.haveB.willC.doD.had【答案】1-5BCABD6-10CCBCC11-15AABAC16-20BCCCC21-25ABDCB26-30CCDAD31-35DCCDD一、单项选择:(共18小题,每题1分)

1.IfIhadhadenoughtime,I___mywork.

A.wouldfinishB.musthavefinishedC.wouldhavefinishedD.hadfinished

2.Tenminutesearlier,they___theplane.

A.willcatchB.wouldcatchC.wouldhavecaughtD.willhavecaught

3.MrGreenrequiresthatthestudents___acompositioneveryotherweek.

A.writeB.writenC.wouldwriteD.willwrite

4.Hadhestudiedhard,he___theexam.

A.wouldpassB.couldpassC.hadpassedD.wouldhavepassed

5.IwishI___whatishappeningthereinhisroom.

A.knowB.knownC.knewD.shouldknow

6.Itisimportantthatyou___sportseveryday.

A.haveB.wouldhaveC.musthaveD.willhave

7.Iftherewerenowaterintheworld,everything___.

A.willdieB.woulddieC.wouldhavediedD.wouldhavebeendead

8.___whatwasgoingtohappen,Iwouldneverhaveleftheralone.

A.HadIknownB.IfIknowC.IfIknewD.IfhadIknown

9.Heorderedthatthework___rightaway.

A.shouldfinishB.finishedC.wouldbefinishedD.befinished

10.—Shallwegotothemovietonight?

—No,I'drather___athomewithourbaby.You'dbetternotleaveittothebabysitteratnight.

A.youstayedB.youstayC.stayedD.stay

11.___inyourposition,Iwouldhelphim.

A.WasIB.WereIC.IfIamD.IfIhadbeen

12.I___,butIwasstoppedbytheheavyrain.

A.meantocomeB.meanttocomeC.hadmeanttocomeD.meantcoming

13.MrsBlackinsists___inthatoldhotel.

A.nottostayB.notstayingC.stayingnotD.thatshenotstay

14.Ifyouhadspokenclearly,youwould___.

A.understanditB.haveunderstoodC.beunderstoodD.havebeenunderstood

15.Ifyou___thatlatemovielastnight,youwouldn'tbesosleepy.

A.haven'twatchedB.hadn'twatchedC.didn'twatchD.wouldn'thavewatched

16.TheforeignfriendspeaksChinesesowellasifhe___aChinese.

A.isB.beC.shouldbeD.was

17.—Ifhe___,he___thatfood.

—Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.

A.waswarned;wouldnottake

B.wouldbewarned;hadnottaken

C.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetaken

D.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken

18.Withoutelectroniccomputers,muchoftoday'sadvancedtechnology___achieved.

A.willnotbeB.wouldnotbeC.wouldnothavebeenD.cannothavebeen

二、用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空:(共10小题,每题2分)

1.Ifyou___(arrive)tenminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.

2.It'stimethatwe___(go)totherailwaystation.

3.Ifthey___(nothelp)us,ourexperimentwouldhavefailed.

4.You'refiveminuteslate.Isuggestedthatyou___(come)earliertomorrow.

5.Matheroftentellsusthatitisnecessarythatwe___(drink)aglassofwaterafterwegetup.

6.Sheinsistedthatshe___(send)toworkinthefarawaysmalltown.

7.___Inot___(forget)histelephonenumber,Iwouldhaverunghim.

8.Heisbusynow.Ifhe___(be)free,he___(go)withyou.

9.Themanagerwasinhisofficethen.Ifhe___(be)here,everything___(settle)inaminute.

10.Noisyasitwas,hewentonreadingasifnothing___(happen).

三、完成句子(每空一词):(共10个空,每空2分)

1.真想不到我们俩会在这里见面.

It'sstrangethatwe___here.

2.如果没有参加玛丽的生日聚会的话,我们彼此就不会认识了.

Ifwehadn'ttakenpartinMary'sbirthdayparty,we___eachother.

3.—这么近的路,我们应该步行到车站来.

—是啊,根本没必要乘出租车.