河南省高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration知识点总结(超全)

单选题1、The

jokes

told

by

Tom

made

us

________,

so

the

teacher

couldn’t

make

himself

________.A．to

laugh;

hearingB．laugh;

heardC．laughing;

hearD．laughed;

heard答案：B考查非谓语动词。句意：汤姆讲的笑话让我们笑了起来，所以老师没能让人听清他的话。分析句子可知，空一作宾语补足语，make是使役动词，接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，表示“让某人做某事”，空二作宾语补足语，与宾语himself是被动关系，用过去分词表示被动，综上，故选B。小提示：2、On

that

fateful

day,

medical

teams

swarmed

into

the

city

from

all

directions

to

help

the

locals

fight

the

formidable

battle

at

full

________.A．gushB．stretchC．spillD．leap答案：B考查名词。句意：在那命运攸关的一天，医疗队从四面八方涌入该市，帮助当地人全力抗击这场可怕的战斗。A.gush涌出；迸出；B.stretch伸开、伸展；C.spill洒出；D.leap跳跃。根据上句“medical

teams

swarmed

into

the

city

from

all

directions（医疗队从四面八方涌入这座城市）”可知是帮助当地人全力抗击这场可怕的战斗，at

full

stretch为固定短语，意为“全力以赴”。故选B。3、I

am

disappointed

at

hearing

the

bad

news,

so

I

am

in

no________

today

to

go

to

the

movies

with

you.A．mindB．urgeC．moodD．desire答案：C考查名词。句意：听到坏消息我很失望，所以今天没有心情和你一起全看电影。A.

mind头脑，智慧；B.

urge冲动；C.

mood心情；D.

desire欲望。根据“disappointed(失望的)”可知，说话者并不想去看电影。in

no

mood是固定短语，意为“没有心情”，故选C项。4、Helen

had

to

shout

________

above

the

sound

of

the

music.A．getting

herself

hearB．to

get

herself

hearC．getting

herself

heardD．to

get

herself

heard答案：D考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦不得不大声喊叫，好让她的声音盖过音乐声。根据句意，海伦大声喊叫的目的是为了使自己的声音盖过音乐声，表示目的用动词不定式to

do；herself（她自己）与hear（听到）构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词heard作宾语补足语。故选D项。5、Lindsay

wanted

________

a

chance

to

improve

her

spoken

English.A．there

wasB．there

to

beC．there

beingD．there

is答案：B考查there

be非限定形式。句意：Lindsay想要一个提高口语的机会。want

to

do

想要做某事，用there

to

be形式作宾语，故选B。6、_____,

the

train

started.A．The

signal

givenB．Giving

the

signalC．The

signal

being

givenD．The

signal

giving答案：A考查独立主格结构。句意：信号发出后，火车开动了。分析可知，空处为独立主格结构，其结构形式为“逻辑主语+非谓语动词”，做时间状语，signal和give之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。故选A项。7、Lucy

rushed

to

the

school,

only

that

it

was

Saturday.A．findingB．foundC．to

findD．having

found答案：C考查不定式作状语。句意：露西匆忙赶去学校，却发现是周六。本句为only

to

do

作结果状语，表示出乎意料的的结果，故选C。小提示：不定式和现在分词作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语时一般只能单独使用，通常位于句末，前有逗号隔开。有时为了突出结果，可在现在分词前加副词thus，意为“因而，因此”。往往表示正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中的结果。例句：①Crops

such

as

peas

or

soybeans

put

important

minerals

back

into

the

soil,

making

it

ready

for

crops

such

as

wheat

or

corn

that

need

rich

and

fertile

soil.②By

1820

the

population

of

New

York

had

grown

to

about

125,000,making

it

the

largest

city

in

the

USA.动词不定式单独作结果状语，通常表示偶然的、出乎意料的结果，有时为了强调这种意外的结果，可在不定式前加only,

意为“却…，只…”，在这种情况下，不定式的逻辑主语也可能是全句的主语。例句：①After

two

days

we

finally

arrived

at

the

small

village,

only

to

be

told

that

the

old

man

had

passed

away.②Yesterday

a

beggar

bought

a

lottery

ticket,

to

make

him

a

millionaire

overnight.本题为出乎意料的结果，故用不定式作结果状语。8、If

something

is

________,

it

is

easy

to

harm,

damage,

or

break.A．vividB．delicateC．distinctD．giant答案：B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果某个东西很脆弱，它很容易被伤害、损坏或断裂。A.

vivid生动的，逼真的；B.

delicate易损的，易碎的，脆弱的；C.

distinct清楚的，截然不同的；D.

giant巨大的，伟大的。设空处在句中作表语，根据后文的“it

is

easy

to

harm,

damage,

or

break”可知delicate意为“易损的，易碎的，脆弱的”符合语意。故选B。9、Come

to

Dolly

wood

________learning

all

about

America’s

historical

southeastern

culture

!A．have

funB．to

have

funC．having

funD．had

fun答案：B考查非谓语动词。句意：来多利伍德快乐地学习所有关于美国东南部的历史文化吧!句中已有谓语动词come且无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词；结合句意，表目的应用不定式。故选B。10、He

never

complains

about

the

difficulties

he

has

in

life.

________,

he

always

has

ways

to

overcome

them.A．HoweverB．OtherwiseC．InsteadD．Therefore答案：C考查副词词义辨析。句意：他从不抱怨生活中的困难。相反，他总是有办法克服它们。A.

However然而；B.

Otherwise否则；C.

Instead相反；D.

Therefore因此。根据句中complains和overcome可知，此处表达的是“相反”关系。故选C。11、Mary

is

looking

for

a

sports

watch

______

her

keep

track

of

her

fitness

and

chart

her

training

progress.A．helpedB．having

helpedC．helpD．to

help答案：D考查非谓语动词。句意：玛丽正在找一块运动手表来帮助她跟踪自己的健康状况，记录她的训练进度。根据句子结构分析可知，此空为非谓语动词，表示目的，故用不定式，故选D。12、With

the

popularity

of

smart

phones,

people

gradually

lose

the

______

for

watching

television,

which

makes

TV

a

decoration

of

the

house.A．analysisB．appetiteC．incidentD．appreciation答案：B考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机的普及，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，这使得电视成为了家里的一种装饰。A.

analysis分析；B.

appetite兴趣，欲望；C.

incident事件；D.

appreciation欣赏。根据“which

makes

TV

a

decoration

of

the

house”可知，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，appetite符合题意。故选B。13、From

the

Tokyo

Olympics

to

the

14th

National

Games,

outstanding

performances

from

China's

athletes

show

the

country's

drive

for

a

sports

powerhouse

in________

and

innovation.A．expectationB．passionC．mysteryD．imagination答案：B考查名词词义辨析。句意：从东京奥运会到第十四届全运会，中国运动员的出色表现展现了中国体育强国的激情和创新精神。A.expectation期待；B.passion激情；C.mystery谜；D.imagination想象力。根据“show

the

country's

drive

for

a

sports

powerhouse

in________

and

innovation”可知，句子表示“中国运动员的出色表现展现了中国体育强国的激情和创新精神”，因此空格处意为“激情”，是passion，故选B。14、With

a

lot

of

necessary

work

________,

I

couldn’t

arrive

there

at

the

appointed

time.A．doingB．doneC．will

doD．to

do答案：D考查非谓语动词。句意：有许多必要的工作要做，我不能在约定的时间到达那里。分析句子可知，此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”复合结构作状语，do作宾语，表示未发生的动作，用不定式，

do与被修饰词，其逻辑主语work是动宾关系，与句子的主语I是主动关系，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，故选D。小提示：15、________in

the

scandal,

according

to

a

recent

report,

is

believed________the

prime

reason

for

the

young

senator

to

give

up

his

political

career.A．Involved

…

to

have

beenB．Being

involved

…

to

beC．Involving

…

to

beD．To

be

involved

…

to

have

been答案：B考查句子结构和短语。句意：根据最近报道，卷入丑闻被认为是这位年轻参议员放弃政治生涯的主要原因。短语be

involved

in表示“卷入”，分析句子结构可知，第一空需填入非谓语动词形式作主语，因而用动名词形式；believed后接to

do

+名词作主语补足语，因此第二空需填to

be。故选B。小提示：16、【2018·北京】During

the

Mid-Autumn

Festival,

family

members

often

gather

together

_________

a

meal,

admire

the

moon

and

enjoy

moon

cakes.A．shareB．to

shareC．having

sharedD．shared答案：B考查非谓语动词。句意：在中秋节期间，家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼。gather是谓语动词，“_________

a

meal,

admire

the

moon

and

enjoy

moon

cakes”是状语，家人聚在一起的目的是吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼，表目的用动词不定式，故B选项正确。点睛：动词不定式可以做主语，状语，定语，宾语，表语等。动词不定式做目的状语时，可以置于主句之前也可以置于主句之后，通常译为“为了”。17、There’s

little

chance

that

we

will

be

successful

in

trying

to

change

the

present

situation.

________,

it

is

important

that

we

try

our

best.A．MeanwhileB．OtherwiseC．ThereforeD．Nevertheless答案：D考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们想要改变现状的可能性很小。尽管如此，重要的是我们要尽力。A.

Meanwhile同时；B.

Otherwise否则；C.

Therefore因此；D.

Nevertheless尽管如此。根据上文“There’s

little

chance

that

we

will

be

successful

in

trying

to

change

the

present

situation.”和下文“it

is

important

that

we

try

our

best.”可知，两句间是转折关系。应该用Nevertheless。故选D项。18、The

first

warning

was

from

a

________station

further

in

the

harbor

telling

me

to

stop,

that

we

were

approaching

danger.A．sighB．signC．signalD．image答案：C考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一个警告来自港口远处的一个信号站，告诉我停下来，我们正接近危险。A.sigh叹气，叹息；B.sign签名，迹象，符号；C.signal信号灯；（无线电）讯号，信号；D.image形象，印象。根据句意和各项词义，signal

station，意为“信号站”，能对来往船只发出危险、警告等信号，signal作station的定语，符合语境，故选C项。19、________

well

in

the

coming

Art

Festival,

the

children

have

been

practicing

dancing

every

afternoon

in

the

past

two

weeks.A．PerformingB．Having

performedC．To

performD．Performed答案：C考查非谓语动词。句意：为了在即将到来的艺术节上表现出色，孩子们在过去的两周里每天下午都在练习舞蹈。分析句子可知，表示未发生的事情，所以用不定式在句中作目的状语，表示“为了……”。故选C。20、After

countless

interviews

and

presentations,

I

managed

to

________

among

the

candidates

and

survive

the

test

alone.A．figure

outB．put

outC．stand

outD．rule

out答案：C考查动词短语辨析。句意：在无数次面试和演讲之后，我成功地在候选人中脱颖而出，独自通过了测试。A.

figure

out想出，解决，弄明白；B.

put

out熄灭；C.

stand

out突出，显眼；D.

rule

out排除。根据“survive

the

test

alone”可知，此处是指“我”在所有候选人中脱颖而出。故选C。小提示：语法填空21、It

enables

her

_________(work)

hard.

(所给词的适当形式填空)答案：to

work考查非谓语动词。句意：这使她能够努力工作。enable

sb.

to

do

sth.为固定短语，意为“使某人能够做某事。”故填to

work。22、Next

month

the

city

will

build

a

new

park

________(honour)

those

who

died

in

the

terrible

disaster.

(所给词的适当形式填空)答案：to

honour考查动词不定式。句意：下个月，该市将建造一座新公园，以纪念在这场可怕的灾难中死去的人。honour用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to

honour。23、（2022年全国乙卷）________(strengthen)the

connection

with

young

people,

the

event

included

a

number

of

public

promotional

activities

on

social

media,

________(invite)twenty-nine

tea

professionals

from

around

the

world

to

have

thirty-six

hours

of

uninterrupted

live

broadcasts.

（所给词的适当形式填空）答案：

To

strengthen

inviting考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动该包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。分析句子可知，included是谓语动词，与动词strengthen之间无连词，故空格处1应填动词的非谓语形式，再结合句意“为了加强与年轻人的联系”可知，空格处1应填动词不定式作目的状语。故填To

strengthen。同理，空格处2前面的句子的谓语动词是included，与动词invite之间无连词连接，因此空格处2应填动词invite的非谓语形式，而逻辑主语the

event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填①To

strengthen②inviting。24、Mary's

sister,

Frances

Todd

Wallace,

often

came

over

________

(plant)

flowers

in

the

front

yard.

（所给词的适当形式填空）答案：to

plant考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹Frances

Todd

Wallace经常来拜访，在前院里种些花。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to

plant。25、Peter

said

he

would

treat

me

to

a

film,

but

with

lots

of

homework

________(do),

I

refused

his

offer.

（所给词的适当形式填空）答案：to

do考查非谓语动词。句意：彼得说要请我看电影，但是有许多作业要做，我拒绝了他的提议。分析句子结构可知，with

lots

of

homework

________

(do)为with复合结构，所以空格处应用非谓语动词作宾补。结合句意，作业是将要做的，故用不定式表将来，且to

do的逻辑主语为并but连接并列句的主语I，故用主动形式。故填to

do。26、No

one

really

knows

what

motivated

him

__________(do)so.

(所给词的适当形式填空)答案：to

do考查非谓语动词。句意：没有人真正知道是什么促使他这样做的。动词短语motivate

sb

to

do

sth意为“促使……做……，激励……做……”符合句意，故填to

do。27、What

led

you

________(believe)

I

wa