湖北省2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

湖北省部分市州2024年春季高二年级期末教学质量监测英语本试卷共10页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。祝考试顺利注意事项:1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答:用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后,请将答题卡上交。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C.1.Whosepaintingsdoesthewomanprefer?AMonet'sB.Picasso's.C.VanGogh's.2.Whenwilltheplaybeperformed?A.October15th.B.October16th.C.October17th.3.Whichpetrolstationwillthewomangoto?A.Theonenearthecrossroads.B.Theonenexttothecinema.C.Theoneoppositethebridge.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atadoctor's.B.Atthewoman'shome.C.Inarestaurant.5.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.$80.B.$160.C.$200第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟:听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间,每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthewomanreschedulethemeeting?A.Sheneedstoleaveforanotherbranch.B.Shehastoworkonareport.C.Shehasaconference.7.Whenwillthespeakersprobablyhavethemeeting?A.Duringfourandfiveo'clock.B.Duringtwoandfouro'clock.C.Duringoneandtwoo'clock.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whatmightthemanbe?A.Atourguide.B.Astoreassistant.C.Ahotelreceptionist.9.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Provideanumbrella.B.Buyanumbrella.C.Shareanumbrella.10.Whatdoesthemanremindthewomanof?A.Thelocationofstores.B.Adeparturedate.C.Aclosingtime.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.WhendoesMike'snormalworkdaystart?A.8:25.B.9:15.C.9:50.12.HowdidTomfinallygettohisworkplace?A.Bytaxi.B.Bycar.C.Bytruck.13Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Mike'scarwillberepairedsoon.B.TherelationshipbetweenthemisanHRmanagerandanemployee.C.Mikewillnotbepunishedforbeinglate.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.What'srelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Studentandteacher.B.Customerandshopassistant.C.Touristandguide.15.WhencanpeopleenjoythefestiveatmosphereinDongvillage?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Winter.16.Whatisthemusttrylocalfoodhere?A.Roastedmeat.B.Sourpotatoes.C.Sourfishsoup.17.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Visitthedrumtowers.B.Goonexploringmoresurprises.C.Trysomespecialties.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.Before2024.howmanytimesdidParisholdtheOlympicGames?A.Threetimes.B.Twice.C.Once.19.Whichistheneweventinthe2024ParisOlympics?A.Surfing.B.Swimming.C.Gymnastics.20.WhydidtheycutteneventsfromtheTokyoGames?A.Tosavemoney.B.Toleaveapositivelongtermimpact.C.Tobemoreecofriendlyandefficient.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATakingmedicineproperlyiscrucialforensuringitseffectivenessandyoursafety.Here’sageneralguideonhowtotakemedicinescorrectly,butalwaysrefertothespecificinstructionsprovidedbyyourhealthcareprofessionalorincludedinthemedicationpackaging,asinstructionscanvarygreatlybetweenmedications:1.FollowDoctor’sInstructionstoknowthedose:Yourhealthcareproviderwillprescribe（开处方）themedicinebasedonyourspecificcondition.Followthedirectionsexactly,includingthedoseandfrequency.Somemedicationsrequiredifferentdosesatdifferenttimesofthedayormaychangeovertime.Followtheseinstructionstoensuremaximumefficacyandtominimizesideeffects.2.FoodInteractionsandAlcoholBan:Somemedicinesshouldbetakenwithfoodtoavoidstomachupsetortoaidabsorption,whileothersshouldbetakenonanemptystomach.Checkthelabeloraskyourchemistaboutanyfoodinteractions.Moreover,manymedicationsinteractnegativelywithalcohol.Unlessclearlytoldit’ssale,avoidalcoholwhiletakingmedication.3.StoreProperly:Keepmedicinesintheiroriginalcontainers,awayfromdirectsunlight,dampness,andheat.Someneedrefrigeration.Checkthelabelforstorageinstructions.4.FinishtheCourse:Evenifyoufeelbetter,pletethefullcourseofantibiotics（抗生素）orasdirectedforothermedicationsunlessyourdoctoradvisesotherwise.Stoppingearlycanleadtoinpletetreatmentorantibioticresistance.Rememberthesearegeneralguidelines.Alwaysconsultyourhealthcareprofessionalforspecificinstructionsrelatedtoyourmedicationorclickheretogetmoredetailedinstructions.1.Whowillbethemostpossibletargetedreaders?A.Doctorsmakingaprescription. B.Studentsinmedicalcollege.C.Salesmeninmedicalstore. D.Patientstotakemedication.2.WhichstatementisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Alcoholisabsolutelybannedwhiletakingmedication.B.Medicinecontainerscanbekeptinadryandcoolcase.C.Takemorepillsatatimeifyouwanttorecoversooner.D.Stopthecoursetheinstantyoufeelbetter.3.Wheredoyouprobablyreadthetext?A.Amedicalreport. B.Amedicationinstruction.C.AnInternetpage. D.Adoctor’sadvice.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何正确地服用药物，以确保其有效性和病人的安全。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Here’sageneralguideonhowtotakemedicinescorrectly,butalwaysrefertothespecificinstructionsprovidedbyyourhealthcareprofessionalorincludedinthemedicationpackaging,asinstructionscanvarygreatlybetweenmedications:”（以下是关于如何正确服用药物的一般指南，但请务必参考您的医疗保健专业人员提供的具体说明或药物包装中的说明，因为不同药物的说明差异很大）可知，本文主要是为需要服用药物的病人提供的指导。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Keepmedicinesintheiroriginalcontainers,awayfromdirectsunlight,dampness,andheat.”（将药品保存在原容器中，避免阳光直射、潮湿和高温。）可知，药品容器可以被保存在干燥和凉爽的箱子里。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Alwaysconsultyourhealthcareprofessionalforspecificinstructionsrelatedtoyourmedicationorclickheretogetmoredetailedinstructions.”（请务必咨询您的医疗保健专业人员以获取与您的药物相关的具体说明，或单击此处获取更详细的说明。）中的“clickhere”可知，读者可以在一个网页上读到这篇文章。故选C。BOncewhenIwassixyearsold,Isawamagnificentpictureinabookabouttheprimevalforest.Itwasapictureofaboaconstrictor(蟒蛇)intheactofswallowingananimalwhole,withoutchewingit.Afterthat,itwasnotabletomove,anditsleptthroughthesixmonthsfordigestion.Ipondereddeeplyovertheadventuresofthejungle.Andaftersomeworkwithacoloredpencil,Isucceededinmakingmyfirstdrawing—MyDrawingNumberOne.Ishowedmymasterpiecetothegrownups,andaskedthemwhetherthedrawingfrightenedthem.Buttheyanswered:“Frighten?Whyshouldanyonebefrightenedbyahat?”NO!!!ItwasapictureofaboaconstrictordigestinganelephantButsincethegrownupswerenotabletounderstandit.ImadeDrawingNumberTwo—Idrewtheinsideoftheboaconstrictor.Theyalwaysneedtohavethingsexplained.Thegrownups’response,thistime,wastoadvisemetolayasidemydrawingsofboaconstrictors,whetherfromtheinsideortheoutside,anddevotemyselfinsteadtogeography,historyandgrammar.Thatiswhy,attheageofsix,Igaveupwhatmighthavebeenamagnificentcareerasapainter.SothenIchosetoacceptthefactandlearnpilotairplanesanditistruethatgeographyhasbeenveryusefultome—ataglanceIcandistinguishChinafromArizona.Inthecourseofthislife,Ihavehadmanygreatencounterswithagreatmanypeoplewhohavebeenconcernedwithmattersofconsequence.WheneverImetoneofthemwhoseemedtomeatallclearsighted.ItriedtheexperimentofshowinghimmyDrawingNumberOne,whichIhavealwayskept.Iwonderedifthiswasapersonoftrueunderstanding.But,whoeveritwas,heorshewouldalwayssay,“Thatisahat.”ThenIwouldnevertalktothatpersonaboutboaconstrictors,orprimevalforests,orstars.Iwouldbringmyselfdowntohislevel.Iwouldtalktohimaboutbridge,andgolf,andpolitics.Andthegrownupwouldbegreatlypleasedtohavemetsuchasensibleman.4.WhydoestheauthormakehisDrawingNumberTwo?A.Becausegrownupsarefrightenedbythehat.B.Becausegrownupsalwayswanttogetexplanations.C.Becausegrownupswantchildrentolearnusefulknowledge.D.Becausegrownupsarepleasedtomeetasensiblechild.5.Whichoneofthefollowingcanbestdescribethegrownups?A.Selfishandimpatient. B.Unimaginativeandrealistic.C.Greedyandpractical. D.Considerateandfrank.6.Accordingtothepassage,whydidauthorchoosetolearnpilotairplanes?A.Theauthorthoughtituseful.B.Theauthorwasconcernedwithmattersofconsequence.C.Theauthorpromisedtothereality.D.Theauthorhadnogiftforpainting.7.Whattoneofthespeechdoestheauthoruseinthelastsentence?A.Ironic. B.Cautious. C.Critical. D.Understanding.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《小王子》。作者六岁的时候画了关于蟒蛇的画，但成年人总是无法理解作者的画，转而让作者学习地理、历史和语法。作者逐渐接受了事实。长大后作者遇到许多人，每次他都会拿出自己珍藏的那幅画给别人看，想知道对方是否真正理解。如果对方理解不了这幅画，作者就会把自己降低到对方的档次，谈论对方能够接受的话题。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Butsincethegrownupswerenotabletounderstandit.ImadeDrawingNumberTwo—Idrewtheinsideoftheboaconstrictor.Theyalwaysneedtohavethingsexplained.(但由于大人们看不懂，我画了第二幅画——我画了蟒蛇的内部。他们总是需要把事情解释清楚。)”可知，因为大人们看不懂，需要把事情解释清楚，所以作者画了第二幅画。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ishowedmymasterpiecetothegrownups,andaskedthemwhetherthedrawingfrightenedthem.(我把我的杰作展示给成年人，问他们这幅画是否吓到了他们。)”和第三段中的“Buttheyanswered:“Frighten?Whyshouldanyonebefrightenedbyahat?”NO!!!Itwasapictureofaboaconstrictordigestinganelephant.(但他们回答说：“害怕？为什么有人会被一顶帽子吓到？”不！！！这是一张蟒蛇消化大象的图片。)”可知，作者画了一副蟒蛇消化大象的画，但大人们却认为作者画的只是一顶帽子，所以他们缺乏想象力。根据第四段中的“Thegrownups’response,thistime,wastoadvisemetolayasidemydrawingsofboaconstrictors,whetherfromtheinsideortheoutside,anddevotemyselfinsteadtogeography,historyandgrammar.(这一次，大人们的反应是建议我把画蟒蛇的画放在一边，无论是内部的画还是外部的画，转而全身心投入到地理、历史和语法中。)”可知，大人们完全不管作者画的第二幅画，直接让他去学一些实用的知识，这说明大人们的想法很现实。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“SothenIchosetoacceptthefactandlearnpilotairplanesanditistruethatgeographyhasbeenveryusefultome—ataglanceIcandistinguishChinafromArizona.(所以后来我选择接受这个事实，学习驾驶飞机，地理确实对我很有用——我一眼就能把中国和亚利桑那州区分开来。)”可知，作者无力反抗，只能向大人们的现实主义妥协，选择学习开飞机。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThenIwouldnevertalktothatpersonaboutboaconstrictors,orprimevalforests,orstars.Iwouldbringmyselfdowntohislevel.Iwouldtalktohimaboutbridge,andgolf,andpolitics.Andthegrownupwouldbegreatlypleasedtohavemetsuchasensibleman.(那我就再也不会和那个人谈论蟒蛇、原始森林或星星了。我会把自己降到他的水平。我会和他谈论桥牌、高尔夫和政治。于是大人们就十分高兴能认识我这样一个明智的人。)”可知，当对方认不出作者的画时，作者就不再跟这个人谈论蟒蛇、原始森林或星星了，转变谈话内容来迎合对方，让对方很高兴能遇到像作者这样一个明智的人。由此可知，作者把他的画当“探路石”，讽刺成年人缺乏想象力，表达对作者对成人世界中缺乏真正理解者的失望。故选A。CClimatebreakdownisalwayschangingthetasteandqualityofbeer,scientistshavewarned.Thequantityandqualityofhops（啤酒花）,akeyingredientinmostbe,isbeingaffectedbyglobalheating,accordingtoastudy.Asaresult,beermaybeemoreexpensiveandmanufacturerswillhavetoadapttheirbrewing（酿造）methods.ResearchersforecastthathopyieldsinEuropeangrowingregionswillfallby4—18%by2050iffarmersdonotadapttohotteranddrierweather,whilethecontentofalphaacidsinthehops,whichgivesbeerstheirdistinctivetasteandsmell,willfallby20—31%.“Beerdrinkerswilldefinitelyseetheclimatechange,eitherinthepricetagorthequality,”saidMiroslavTrnka,ascientistattheGlobalChangeResearchInstituteoftheCzechAcademyofSciencesandcoauthorofthestudy,publishedinthejournalNaturemunications.“Thatseemstobeinevitablefromourdata.”Beer,thethirdmostpopulardrinkintheworldafterwaterandtea,isusuallyflavouredwitharomatic（芳香的）hopsgrownmostlyinthemiddlelatitudesthataresensitivetochangesinlight,heatandwater.Inrecentyears,demandforhighqualityhopshasbeenpushedupbyaboomincraftbeerswithstrongerflavors.Butemissionsofplanetheatinggasesareputtingtheplantatrisk,thestudyfound.InGermany,thesecondbiggesthopproducerintheworld,averagehopyieldshavefallen,thestudyfound.BeerbrewingincentralEuropedatesbacktothousandsofyearsandisacornerstoneoftheculture.Thestudyfoundthealphaacidcontentofhops,whichgivebeeritsdistinctaroma,hadfalleninallregions.AndreasAuernhammer,ahopfarmerinSpaltinsouthernGermany,saidthetotalrainfallinhisfieldshadchangedlittlebutthatnow“theraindoesnoteattherighttime”.8.WhichoneisNOTaninfluentialfactoraffectingtheflavorandpriceofbeer?A.Climateshiftsandgreenhousegasesemissions.B.Adaptationtonewplantingmethodsamongfarmers.C.Geographicallocationandsensitivityofhops.D.Thedeclineinhopyields.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inevitable”meaninParagraph3?A.incapable. B.affordable.C.unavoidable. D.valuable10.WhichstatementisFALSE?A.Hopsarevitallynecessaryingredientinmostbeers.B.IttendstorainlessinEuropeanhopsgrowingregions.C.BeerproducinghasalonghistoryinGermany.D.Alphaacidcontentofhopshadgreatlydecreasedintheworld.11.Thepurposeofthepassageis__________.A.toemphasizetheenvironmentalinfluenceonhopsB.toraisepeople’sawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionC.tohelphopfarmersmakemoreprofitsD.tosavehopproductionfromglobalwarming【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要描述了全球变暖对啤酒花产量产生了很大的影响，从而改变了啤酒的味道和质量，希望人们能及时应对。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Climatebreakdownisalwayschangingthetasteandqualityofbeer,scientistshavewarned.Thequantityandqualityofhops（啤酒花）,akeyingredientinmostbe,isbeingaffectedbyglobalheating,accordingtoastudy.”（科学家警告称，气候变化一直在改变啤酒的味道和质量。根据一项研究，啤酒花是大多数啤酒的关键成分，其数量和质量正受到全球变暖的影响。）、第二段“ResearchersforecastthathopyieldsinEuropeangrowingregionswillfallby4—18%by2050iffarmersdonotadapttohotteranddrierweather,whilethecontentofalphaacidsinthehops,whichgivesbeerstheirdistinctivetasteandsmell,willfallby20—31%.”（研究人员预测，如果农民不适应炎热干燥的天气，到2050年，欧洲种植区的啤酒花产量将下降418%，而啤酒花中赋予啤酒独特味道和气味的阿尔法酸含量将下降2031%。）第四段“Beer,thethirdmostpopulardrinkintheworldafterwaterandtea,isusuallyflavouredwitharomatic(芳香的)hopsgrownmostlyinthemiddlelatitudesthataresensitivetochangesinlight,heatandwater.Inrecentyears,demandforhighqualityhopshasbeenpushedupbyaboomincraftbeerswithstrongerflavors.Butemissionsofplanetheatinggasesareputtingtheplantatrisk,thestudyfound.(啤酒是世界上仅次于水和茶的第三种最受欢迎的饮料，通常用芳香啤酒花调味，这些啤酒花大多生长在中纬度地区，对光、热和水的变化很敏感。近年来，口味较重的精酿啤酒的繁荣推动了对高品质啤酒花的需求。但研究发现，使地球升温的气体排放正使该工厂处于危险之中。)”和第五段“InGermany,thesecondbiggesthopproducerintheworld,averagehopyieldshavefallen,thestudyfound.

(研究发现，在世界第二大啤酒花生产国德国，啤酒花的平均产量已经下降。)”“ Thestudyfoundthealphaacidcontentofhops,whichgivebeeritsdistinctaroma,hadfalleninallregions.(研究发现，啤酒花的α酸含量在所有地区都有所下降，啤酒花是啤酒独特香气的来源。)”可知，气候变化、温室气体排放、地理位置和啤酒花的敏感性以及啤酒花产量下降都会影响啤酒的风味和价格，而农民适应新种植方法不是影响因素。故选B。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Beerdrinkerswilldefinitelyseetheclimatechange,eitherinthepricetagorthequality,”（啤酒饮用者肯定会看到气候变化，无论是在价格标签上还是在质量上，）中的“definitely”和划线词所在句“Thatseemstobeinevitablefromourdata.”（从我们的数据来看，这似乎是inevitable。）可知，这应该是肯定的，不可避免的，故inevitable表示“不可避免的”。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“InGermany,thesecondbiggesthopproducerintheworld,averagehopyieldshavefallen,thestudyfound.

(研究发现，在世界第二大啤酒花生产国德国，啤酒花的平均产量已经下降。)”可知，文章只是提到德国啤酒花的阿尔法酸含量下降，并未提及全世界的情况，D选项说法错误。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Climatebreakdownisalwayschangingthetasteandqualityofbeer,scientistshavewarned.Thequantityandqualityofhops（啤酒花）,akeyingredientinmostbe,isbeingaffectedbyglobalheating,accordingtoastudy.”（科学家警告称，气候变化一直在改变啤酒的味道和质量。根据一项研究，啤酒花是大多数啤酒的关键成分，其数量和质量正受到全球变暖的影响。）及全文可知，文章主要围绕气候变化对啤酒花的影响展开，介绍了啤酒花的产量、质量以及其中的阿尔法酸含量等因气候变化而发生的变化，还提到了德国啤酒花种植的情况。其目的在于着重强调环境变化对啤酒花的影响。故选A。DAMarch2023reportfromGoldmanSachsestimatedthatAIcapableofcontentgenerationcoulddoaquarterofalltheworkcurrentlydonebyhumans.AcrosstheEuropeanUnionandUS,thereportfurthernotes,300millionjobscouldbelosttoautomation.Andthatcouldbeawful,saysMartinFord,authorofRuleoftheRobots:HotArtificialIntelligenceWillTransformEverything.“It’snotjustthatthiswouldhappentoindividuals,butitcouldbeprettysystemic.”hesays.“Itcouldhappentoalotofpeople,potentiallyquitesuddenly,potentiallyallatthesametime.Andthathasimplicationsnotjustforthoseindividuals,butforthewholeeconomy.”Thankfully,it’snotallbadnews.Theexpertsissuetheirwarningswithacaveat(限制性条款):therearestillthingsAlisn’tcapableof—tasksthatinvolvedistinctlyhumanqualities,likeemotionalintelligenceandoutsidetheboxthinking.Andmovingintorolesthatcentrethoseskillscouldhelplessenthechancesofbeingreplaced.“Ithinktherearegenerallythreecategoriesthataregoingtoberelativelyinsulated(隔离)intheforeseeablefuture,”saysFord.“Thefirstwouldbejobsthataregenuinelycreative:you'renotdoingformulaicworkorjustrearrangingthings,butyou’regenuinelyingupwithnewideasandbuildingsomethingnew.”“Thesecondinsulatedcategory,hecontinues,isjobsthatrequiresophisticated(老练的)interpersonalrelationships.Hepointstonurses,secretarialclerksandinvestigativejournalists.Thesearejobs,hesays,“whereyouneedaverydeepunderstandingofpeople.”Thethirdsafezone,saysFord,“arejobsthatreallyrequirelotsofmobilityanddexterity(灵巧)andproblemsolvingabilityinunpredictableenvironments”.Manytradejobs—thinkelectricians,plumbers,weldersandthelike—fallunderthisumbrella,headds.“Theyareprobablythehardestofanythingtoautomate.”Inshort,seekingrolesindynamic,shiftingenvironmentsthatincludeunpredictabletasksisgoodwaytostaveoffjoblosstoAI.Atleast,forawhile.12.AccordingtoMartinFordwhat’shisattitudetowardsAI?A.Favorable. B.Pessimistic.C.Neutral. D.Dismissive.13.WhydidthewritermentionthecaveatinParagraph3?A.Tointroducethemaintopic. B.Toclarifyaconcept.C.Topresentafact. D.Tomakeaparison.14.Accordingtothepassage,inthefuturewhichjobismorelikelytobereplacedbyAl?A.Abusinessconsultant. B.Acraftsman.C.Atypist. D.Atouristguide.15.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Therobotsreallyareingforsomejobs. B.ThejobsAIwon’ttakeyet.C.AIwilltransformworkingmode. D.Thejobspeoplecandointhefuture.【答案】12B13.A14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些人工智能不能胜任的工作。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“AcrosstheEuropeanUnionandUS,thereportfurthernotes,300millionjobscouldbelosttoautomation.Andthatcouldbeawful,saysMartinFord,authorofRuleoftheRobots:HotArtificialIntelligenceWillTransformEverything.(报告进一步指出，在整个欧盟和美国，自动化可能会导致3亿个工作岗位流失。《机器人的规则：热门人工智能将改变一切》一书的作者马丁·福特(MartinFord)说，这可能很糟糕。)”以及第二段““It’snotjustthatthiswouldhappentoindividuals,butitcouldbeprettysystemic.”hesays.“Itcouldhappentoalotofpeople,potentiallyquitesuddenly,potentiallyallatthesametime.Andthathasimplicationsnotjustforthoseindividuals,butforthewholeeconomy.(“这不仅会发生在个人身上，而且可能是相当系统性的。他说。“这可能发生在很多人身上，可能很突然，可能同时发生。这不仅对这些人有影响，对整个经济也有影响。”)”可推断马丁·福特对人工智能的态度是悲观的，故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thankfully,it’snotallbadnews.Theexpertsissuetheirwarningswithacaveat(限制性条款):therearestillthingsAlisn’tcapableof—tasksthatinvolvedistinctlyhumanqualities,likeemotionalintelligenceandoutsidetheboxthinking.Andmovingintorolesthatcentrethoseskillscouldhelplessenthechancesofbeingreplaced.(谢天谢地，也不全是坏消息。专家们在发出警告的同时也提出了一个限制性条款：人工智能仍有一些事情是无法胜任的——这些任务涉及到明显的人类品质，比如情商和创新思维。而进入以这些技能为中心的岗位有助于减少被取代的可能性。)”可知这个限制性条款就是说人工智能仍有一些事情是无法胜任的，也就是有些工作是不能被人工智能取代的，也就是作者提到限制性条款的原因是引出本文的话题，故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thefirstwouldbejobsthataregenuinelycreative:you’renotdoingformulaicworkorjustrearrangingthings,butyou’regenuinelyingupwithnewideasandbuildingsomethingnew.(第一种是真正具有创造性的工作：你不是在做公式化的工作，也不是在重新安排东西，而是在真正地提出新想法，创造新东西。)”，第五段“Thesecondinsulatedcategory,hecontinues,isjobsthatrequiresophisticated(老练的)interpersonalrelationships.(他接着说，第二个被隔离的类别是需要复杂人际关系的工作。)”，第六段“Thethirdsafezone,saysFord,“arejobsthatreallyrequirelotsofmobilityanddexterity(灵巧)andproblemsolvingabilityinunpredictableenvironments”.(福特表示，第三个安全区“是那些在不可预测的环境中确实需要大量机动性、灵活性和解决问题能力的工作”。)”可知这三类工作是人工智能无法胜任的，对照选项可知C选项“打字员”是重复性的工作，最有可能被人工智能取代，故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其最后一段“Inshort,seekingrolesindynamic,shiftingenvironmentsthatincludeunpredictabletasksisgoodwaytostaveoffjoblosstoAI.Atleast,forawhile.(简而言之，在包括不可预测任务在内的动态、不断变化的环境中寻找职位，是避免人工智能抢走工作的好方法。至少暂时是这样。)”可知文章介绍了一些人工智能不能胜任的工作。B选项“人工智能还不能胜任的工作。”符合文章主题，故选B。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项.Brushingyourteetheffectivelylowersyourchancesofgettingahostofchronicdiseases,aswellaskeepingyourteethandgums(牙龈)healthy.___16___Sowhatexactlyaremostofusgettingwrong,andhowcanwechangeourroutinetomakesurewebrushourteetheffectively?Here’showtoproperlybrushyourteeth.accordingtoexperts.___17___Thatisonlypartiallytrue.It’smuchmoreimportanttoremovebacteriafromtheteeth.Thesebacteriaandothermicroorganismsgrowinsideeveryone’smouth.andformastickybiofilm(菌膜)monlyknownasdentalplaque.Theyarelivinginthestickyfilmstucktotheteethandalsotothesofttissues,whichcan’tbeeasilywashedoff—itreallyneedstobemanuallycleanedThemostimportantplacetoremoveitfromisnottheteeth,butthegumline.Thisiswheregermsarebestabletosinkinthegumtissueandcauseinflammation(炎症).Infact,thinkofbrushingyourgumline.ratherthantheteeththemselves.___18___Brushingtoohard.especiallywithafirmerbristled(硬毛)brush.cancausepainsandtearstothegums.___19___Andrubbingthebrush’sbristlesovertheenamel(牙釉质)cancausetinyscratchesinthetooth.whichadduptosignificanterosionovertime.___20___Itdependsonwhatyou’vehadtoeat.Acidicfoodanddrink—suchascitrusfruit, fruitjuiceandcoffee—wouldbeareasontobrushbeforeratherthanafterbreakfast.Moreimportantthanthebreakfastquestionistheeveningbrush.whichalsohasasimpleranswer:itshouldalwayshappenlastthingbeforebed.A.Butthemajorityofusaredoingitwrong.B.Then,theteethwillbebrushedautomatically.C.Thefirststepistobrushteethregularlywithpatience.DIsitbettertobrushyourteethbeforeorafterbreakfast?E.Theerodedgumswillbeeverysensitivetojustbeingbrushedoff.F.Thesesmalltearsgiveopportunityforbacteriatoenterthebloodstream.G.Lotsofpatientsunderstandthatwhattheyneedtodoisremovefoodleftover.【答案】16.A17.G18.B19.F20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章揭示了有效刷牙的重要性，纠正普遍的刷牙误区，强调去除牙菌斑而非仅食物残渣，轻柔清洁牙龈线以防细菌侵入及出血，避免用力过猛损伤牙齿，以及根据饮食选择合适刷牙时间，确保口腔健康。【16题详解】通过后文中的“Sowhatexactlyaremostofusgettingwrong,andhowcanwechangeourroutinetomakesurewebrushourteetheffectively?（那么，我们大多数人到底做错了什么，我们如何改变我们的日常生活以确保我们有效地刷牙呢）”我们知道，大多数人在刷牙时做的不对。那么，A项“Butthemajorityofusaredoingitwrong.”（但我们大多数人做错了）引出下文，并且和上文的“Brushingyourteetheffectivelylowersyourchancesofgettingahostofchronicdiseases,aswellaskeepingyourteethandgumshealthy.”（刷牙可以有效地降低患多种慢性疾病的几率，同时保持牙齿和牙龈健康。）构成转折关系，起到承上启下的作用。故选A。【17题详解】由下文的“Thatisonlypartiallytrue.It’smuchmoreimportanttoremovebacteriafromtheteeth.”（这只是部分对的。去除牙齿上的细菌更重要）可知，本空提到关于刷牙的观点。G项“Lotsofpatientsunderstandthatwhattheyneedtodoisremovefoodleftover.”（许多患者认为他们需要做的只是清除食物残渣）指出很多病人的观点，即他们需要做的只是清除食物残渣，下文进一步论述主要讨论的是刷牙时清除牙齿上的细菌更重要，上下文含义联系紧密。故选G。【18题详解】上文提到“Thisiswheregermsarebestabletosinkinthegumtissueandcauseinflammation(炎症).Infact,thinkofbrushingyourgumline,ratherthantheteeththemselves.”（这是细菌最容易进入牙龈组织并引起炎症的地方。事实上，想想刷牙的牙龈线，而不是牙齿本身。）强调了牙龈线是细菌最容易侵入并引起炎症的地方，并建议我们更多地关注刷牙龈线而非牙齿本身。B选项“Then,theteethwillbebrushedautomatically.”（之后，牙齿会自然被刷）作为承接句，意味着当我们正确刷牙龈线时，牙齿也会自然而然地得到清洁，因为牙齿和牙龈线是紧密相连的。因此，B选项与上文内容紧密相连，并为下文的进一步讨论做了铺垫。故选B。【19题详解】上文提到“Brushingtoohard,especiallywithafirmerbristledbrush,cancausepainsandtearstothegums.”（刷牙太用力，尤其是用硬毛牙刷，会导致牙龈疼痛和撕裂。）这里说明了刷牙过猛，尤其是使用硬毛牙刷，会对牙龈造成伤害，导致疼痛和撕裂。F选项“Thesesmalltearsgiveopportunityforbacteriatoenterthebloodstream.”（这些细小的裂口为细菌进入血液提供了机会。）直接指出了这些小的撕裂伤口为细菌进入血液提供了机会，进一步解释了为何刷牙方式要轻柔且适当，以避免对牙龈造成不必要的伤害。F选项与上文内容紧密相关，并且F项中的“Thesesmalltears”和上文“tears”相对应。故选F。【20题详解】根据后文的“Itdependsonwhatyou'vehadtoeat.Acidicfoodanddrink—suchascitrusfruit,fruitjuiceandcoffee—wouldbeareasontobrushbeforeratherthanafterbreakfast.”（这取决于你吃了什么。酸性食物和饮料，如柑橘类水果，果汁和咖啡——这将是早餐前刷而不是早餐后刷的理由。）可知，设空处提出了一个关于早餐前后刷牙的问题。选项D“Isitbettertobrushyourteethbeforeorafterbreakfast?”（早餐前刷牙好还是早餐后刷牙好）符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onceuponatimethecolorsoftheworldstartedtoquarrel.Allclaimedthattheywerethebest,themostimportant,thefavorite.Greensaid,“ClearlyIamthemostimportant.Iamthesignof___21___andofhope.Iwaschosenforgrass,treesandleaves.Withoutme,allanimalswoulddie.LookoverthecountrysideandyouwillseethatIaminthe___22___.”“Youonlythinkabouttheearth,”Blue___23___suddenly,“butconsidertheskyandthesea.Itisthewaterthatisthebasisoflifeanddrawnupbythecloudsfromthedeepsea.Theskygivesspaceandpeace,withoutwhich,youwouldallbe___24___.”Redcouldstanditnolongerandheshoutedout,“Iamtherulerofallofyou.Iamblood—life’sblood!Iamthecolorofdangerand___25___.Iamwillingtofightforacausebravely.Withoutme,theearthwouldbeasemptyasthemoon.”FinallyIndigo(青色)uttered,muchmorequietlythanalltheothers,butwithjustasmuchdetermination,“Thinkofme.Iamthecolorof___26___,hardlynoticed,butwithoutmeyouallbeeshallow.Irepresentthoughtand___27___.”Andsothecolorswenton___28___louderandmoreproudly,eachconvincedofhisorherown___29___.Suddenlytherewasastartlingflashofbrightlightningandthunderrollingand____30____.Rainstartedtopourdownmercilessly.Thecolorscroucheddowninfear,____31____closetooneanotherforfort.Rainbegantostate,“You____32____colors,fightingamongyourselves,eachtryingto____33____therest.Don’tyouknowthaty