初二英语八种时态梳理(单选语法选择句子翻译)

学科教师辅导教案学员编号：年级：初二课时数：学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课类型C八种时态基础知识C时态综合训练C时态考点分布授课日期及时段Spep1:导入ThenewteacherGeorgecamehomefromschoolonthefirstofSeptember."George,howdidyoulikeyournewteacher?"askedhismother."Ididn'tlikeher,Mother,becauseshesaidthatthreeandthreeweresixandthenshesaidthattwoandfourweresixtoo."【思考】这个小幽默用了什么时态？你能把这些动词找出来吗？除了这种时态，我们初中阶段还学习了哪几种时态？Step2:你能说一说每种时态的谓语构成吗？1.一般现在时_____________________________2.一般过去时_____________________________3.一般将来时_____________________________4.现在进行时_____________________________5.过去进行时_____________________________6.现在完成时_____________________________7.过去完成时_____________________________8.过去将来时_____________________________Step3:初中八种时态基础知识Ⅰ.一般现在时1.表示现阶段经常性、习惯性动作或者存在的状态、特征、客观真理。常用的时间状语有：__________________________________________________________________________Heusuallygoestoschoolbybike.TheyarebothfineThesunrisesintheeast.2.____________________________________________Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。3.____________________________________________Youmustn’teatanythinguntilyouseethedoctor.4.____________________________________________Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。5.begin,come,go,leave,stop,start,arrive,return,open,close等动词常用一般现在时表示按计划、规定将要发生的动作。Classbeginsateightinthemorning.Ⅱ.一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过去反复发生的动作。常用的时间状语有：__________________________________________________________________________ItsnowedheavilyItwasverycoldyesterday.Ⅲ.一般将来时1.表示在将来的某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态常用的时间状语有：__________________________________________________________________________MrWuwillteachusEnglishthisterm.Iwillgotomyhometownnextweek.2.一般将来时的形式1)____________________2)____________________3)come,go,start,move,sail,leave,travel等动词常用进行时态表示按照计划要发生的事Thewholefamilyisgoingfortwomonths.4)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来要发生的事情Ifyouareill,youmustgotoseeadoctorIwillgivethenotetohimassoonashecomesback.Ⅳ.现在进行时1.表示现在正在进行的动作或者现阶段正在进行的动作。其时间状语为now或现在的具体时间，也可以从上下文中体现出来。--Whatareyoudoing?--Iamreadingabook.2.________________________________________Myfatherisalwayslosinghiscarkeys.Sheisalwayshelpingpeople.3.表示计划或安排好了的将来动作，常与一个表示将来的时间状语连用。如：MikeiscominghomeonThursday.They’rehavingapartynextweek.注：表示安排将要做的事，人作主语宜用现在进行时，事物作主语，宜用一般现在时4.连系动词+介词/副词也可以表示正在进行的动作Heisatwork5.表示感觉、愿望、状态的某些动词，如hope,smell,hear,think(认为),like等一般不用进行时态。Ⅴ.过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一时间或某一阶段正在发生的动作。这一特定的时间除去有上下文暗示以外，一般都用表示过去的时间状语来表示，常见的有_____________________________________________________________Theywerehavingaclassthistimeyesterday.Iwastalkingwhentheteachercamein.Ⅵ.现在完成时1.表示过去已经发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。通常和副词never,ever,just,already,yet连用--Haven’tyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?--Yes,Ihave.Ihavejustfinishedit.2.表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，通常和时间状语before,recently,once,twice,for,since,uptonow，sofar（到目前之止）连用。IhaveknownLiLeiforthreeyears.Wehavelivedheresince2001.3.延续性动词和终止性动词常考延续性动词：work,stand,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,read,sleep,sing,live常考终止性动词：die,arrive,close,become,come,fall,leave,go,lose,give,jump,join,buy,start,begin,borrow.1)表示动作、状态持续时，用延续性动词WehavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears.2)延续性动词一般不和表示“点”的时间状语连用Itrainedateightyesterdaymorning.(×)但是可以借助终止性动词来表达：Itbegantorainateightyesterdaymorning.3)表示一次性动作用终止性动词。终止性动词的否定式可以转换成延续性Iputonmycoatquicklyandwentout.Wecamebackuntil9:00.(×)→Wedidn’tcomebackuntil9:00.4)终止性动词不能用表示一段时间的状语来修饰，要把动词或者时间状语做适当调整，句子才能合理。Theoldmanhasdiedfor3years(×)→Theoldmanhasbeendeadforthreeyears.Theoldmandied3yearsago.4.句型：1)Ithasbeen/It’s+时间段+since从句（动词用过去式）Ithasbeen/It’stwoyearssincehisgrandfatherdied.2)时间段+haspassedsince从句（动词用过去式）Manyyearshaspassedsincewekneweachother.5.常见的终止性动词要接一段时间，需要做如下转换动词变动词buy→have,borrow→keep，puton→wear,catchacold→haveacold,get/begintoknow→knowgo/gettosleep--sleep,become--be变成be+adj/advbegin→beon,close/open→beclosed/open,die→bedeadend/finish→beover,getup→beupmarry→bemarriedcome→bein/at…return→beback变成be+介词短语come/go→bein/atjoin→bein(或者be+成员)puton→bein(或wear)Ⅶ.过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看将来要发生的动作或者存在的状态，即“从过去看将来”，常用于宾语从句中Nobodyknewwhatwouldhappenafterahundredyears.Ⅷ.过去完成时1.表示到过去某一个时刻为止已经完成的动作，即某动作在过去某一时刻之前就已经完成了，所以在时间上含有“过去的过去”之意。1)by/before+过去的时间构成的介词短语Hehadlearntover1000Englishwordsbytheendoflastmonth.2）before,when引导的一般过去时的从句Tomhadalreadyfinishedhishomeworkbeforehismotherreturned.3）常见时间状语有:by,untilthen等Hesaidhehadknownnothingaboutheruntilthen2.表示从过去的某一时间开始，持续到过去另一时间的动作或者状态，常和由for,since引导的表示一段时间的短语或从句连用Hehadstudiedintheschoolforfiveyearsbeforehemovedhere.3.通过上下文表示Thestudentsstartedworkinginthefieldsateighto’clock.Therainhadstoppedandthesunwasshining.时态综合训练Step3：专题训练【例题解析】

()1.Ifyou_________carefully,you_______thereportwell.(08年广州白云区一模试题)A.willlisten,willunderstandB.willlisten,understandC.listen,willunderstandD.listen,understand()2.Mandy________anewcamera.Shehastakenalotofphotoswithit.（09年广州白云区一模试题）A.buysB.isbuyingC.boughtD.willbuy()3.Excuseme.Couldyoutellmeifyou____ourpartytomorrowevening?（10年广州白云区一模试题）A.willcomeB.comeC.comesD.tocome()4.—Tony,youmuststopwatchingTVanddoyourhomework.（10年白云区一模试题）

—I_______italready.

A.finished

B.havefinished

C.finishes

D.amfinishing()5.Mygrandfatheroften__________toswiminwinterwhenhewasyoung.（11年白云区一模试题）A.went B.go C.goes D.hasgone()6.—I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.（12年白云区一模试题）

—Oh,notatall.I________hereforonlyafewminutes.

A.havecomeB.hadbeenC.hasgoneD.havebeen

()7.It_______heavilyoutside.WehadbetterstayathomeandwatchTVplay.（12年白云区二模试题）A.rainsB.hasrainedC.israiningD.wasraining()8.Threeyears_______sinceIcametothisschool.（12年白云区二模试题）A.passB.passedC.haspassedD.waspassed()9.Thesummervocationwillbeginnextweek.MypenpalJoe______tostaywithme.（08年广州荔湾区模拟考）A.comesB.cameC.iscomingD.willbecoming()10.---I’msorry,Kate.I___________yourdictionaryforsuchalongtime.----Nevermind,Tom.（11年广州荔湾区模拟考）-A.havelentB.haveborrowedC.havetakenD.havekept()11.Doyouknowwhenhe________backtomorrow?Sorry,Idon’tknow.Whenhe________back,I’lltellyou.（11年广州越秀区一模）A.willcome,comesB.comes,willcomeC.comes,comesD.willcome,willcome()12.You_______thisbookfortwoweeks.Youshouldreturnitsoon.(12年广州越秀区一模)

A.borrowedB.haveborrowedC.kept

D.havekept()13.----Whydidn’tyouanswerthephone?(13年天河区综合)----I’msorry.I______abathatthattime. A.wastaking B.took C.hastaken D.amtaking()14.---Mrs.White,whenshallwegoforapicnic?（13年海珠区一模）---Ifit_____,we_____forapicnicintheparktomorrow.A.rains；willgo B.willrain；goC.doesn’train；willgo D.doesn’train；go()15.Linhong______balletsinceshewasfiveyearsold.(13年南沙区一模) A.practises B.practiced C.willpractise D.haspractised【真题再现】

2013年广州中考()24.A.Youlookveryniceinyournewdresstoday.B.Oh,really?I______itwhenitwasonsale.A.buyB.boughtC.haveboughtD.willbuy2012年广州中考()21．--I’vegotthefinalHarryPotterbook．--Youwillloveit．Iittwicealready． A.amreading B.haveread C.wasreading D.willread2011年广州中考()18.Yesterdayevening,I_____alongthestreetwhenIsuddenlymetmymathsteacher.A.walkB.walkedC.waswalkingD.amwalking【阶梯巩固】基础篇——选择填空()1.Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes. Ahasbegun Bhadbegun Chasbeenon Dbegan()2.Don’tworry.She__________youacallassoonasshe__________Shanghai. Awillgive,reachesBgiveswillgetto Cwillgive,arriveinDgives,willget()3.–Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?--Hesaidthattheearth__________roundthesun. Awent Bgoes Cgoing Dwillgo()4.Heturnedoffthelightsandthen__________theclassroom. Aleaves Bwillleave Cisleaving Dleft()5.WangPing__________hishomeworkandnowheiswatchingTV. Ahasfinished Bfinishes Cisfinishing Dfinished()6.–IamsorrythatJohnisout--Pleaseaskhimtocallmeassoonashe__________. Areturned Breturns Cwillreturn Dhasreturned()7.–Whatdidyoudoafterschoolyesterday?--I__________basketballwithmyfriends. Aplay Bplayed Cwillplay Damplaying()8.---MrGreen,__________you__________BaiyunHilllastSunday?--No.ButIwillvisitthemnextweek. Awill,goto Bhave,beento Cdid,goto Dhave,goneto()9.I__________theCDstoyouifIhavetimetomorrow. Awillreturn Breturned Chavereturned Dreturn()10.–WhereisFranknow?--He__________hisbikeintheyard. Afixesup Bfixingup Cisfixingup Dfixedup()11.–Didyouseethetrafficaccidentyesterday?--Yes.IthappenedwhenI__________pastthemuseum. Awalk Bamwalking Cwillwalk Dwaswalking()12.Since2000,Nanchanghasbecomeanewcity,andeverythingthere__________. Aischange Bwaschanged Chaschanged Dhadchanged()13.EveryoneexceptBillandJim__________therewhenthemeetingbegan. Awas Bis Care Dwere()14.TheWorldWithoutThievesisaverymovingfilm.I__________ittwicealready. Awillsee Bsee Csaw Dhaveseen()15.Theysaythere__________anewbridgeacrosstheriverintwoyears. Awillhave Bisgoingtobe Chas Dis提升篇——动词形式填空。

1．“Where_________(be)youlastnight?”“I_________(ask)tohelpTomathome”

2．I__________(feel)muchbetterafterI_______(take)the

medicine.

3．CouldyoutellmewhereAlice________(live)?

4．Hesaidhe__________(stay)hereforanothertwodays.

5．WhereisTom?He_________(go)tothepostoffice.Hesaidhe_________(come)backsoon.

6．Mikesayshe_________(want)tobeaworkerafterhe

_________(finish)school.

7．Thelastbus____________just________(leave)whenthey

________(get)tothebusstop.

8．She_________(notgo)tobeduntilshe_______(finish)herwork.例题解析：1-5CCABA6-10DCCCD11-15ADACD真题再现：BBC阶梯巩固：Keys:1-5CABDABBCACDCADB1.wereasked2.felttook3.lives4.stayed5.hasgonetowouldcome6.wantsfinishes7.hasleftgot8.didn’tgofinishes时态的考点分布（一）现在完成时考点考点一：考查基本概念()Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey______what'shappenedtohim.A.knew B.haveknownC.mustknowD.willknowKeys:B考点二：考查时间状语()1.Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?A.alreadyB.neverC.everD.still()2.HaveyoumetMrLi______？A.justB.agoC.beforeD.amomentago()3.Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.haswritten()4.—Ourcountry______alotsofar—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.A.haschanged;wellB.changed;goodC.haschanged;betterD.changed;better()5.ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studyingKeys:ACDCC考点三：考查与一般过去时的区别()1.—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.—Really?When_____there?A.willtheygoB.didtheygoC.dotheygoD.havetheygone()2.—______you______yourhomeworkyet?—Yes.I_____itamomentago.A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;havefinishedD.will;do;finishKeys:BB考点四：考查非延续性动词的用法()1.Hisfather______thePartysince1978.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin()2.—Doyouknowhimwell?—Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.A.wereB.havebeenC.havebecomeD.havemade()3.—Howlonghaveyou____here?—Abouttwomonths.A.beenB.goneC.comeD.arrived()4.Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.beganKeys:DBAC考点五：考查词组have/hasbeenin/to与have/hasgoneto的区别()1.MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.she_______tothelibrary.A.hasgoneB.wentC.willgoD.hasbeen()2.Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.A.havebeeninB.havebeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeenKeys:AA（二）主将从现简单来讲，“主将从现”是指在复合句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句是由when,assoonas...引导的时间状语从句或由if引导的条件状语从句,

从句中表示将来的动作要用一般现在时来代替Hewillgototheparkifitdoesn’traintomorrow.Shewillcallyouassoonasshegetstotheairport.考点一：if引导宾语从句和条件从句

If有两个意思，当“是否”讲时，引导宾语从句，从句的事态由事实决定；

Wedon’tknowifitwillraintomorrow.

当“如果、假如”讲时，引导条件状语从句，此时要使用"主将从现"“主现从现”原则。

Ifitisfinetomorrow,weshallvisittheGreatWall.Ifwetakefishoutfromwaterforalongtime,theydies.

考点二：when引导宾语从句和时间状语从句

当when引导宾语从句时，表示“何时”，时态由事实决定。

Idon’tknowwhenhewillcome.

当when引导时间状语从句时表示“当…的时候”，要使用“主将从现”原则。

Whenhecomes,Iwillcallyou.语法选择1.Myfriend,DavidSmith,keptbirds.Onedayhephonedandmehewouldbeawayforaweek.(10年广州中考)A.tellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold2.“OK.Buthowdoyouknowwhenit’stimetogohome?”（11年广州中考）“Thefactorybell____,”Harrytoldhim.A.ringB.ringsC.wasrungD.ringing综合提升一（13年黄埔一模）IwillneverforgetthelessonwhichMr.Ligaveus.OnedayMr.Liwasspeakingtousinourschoolmeetingroom.He26hisspeechbyholdingupa¥100bill.Heasked,“Whowouldlikethis¥100bill?”Mostofusputupourhands27.Thenhesaid,“Iamgoingtogivethis¥100tooneofyou,butfirstletme28this.”Hethenmadethebill29aballshapeandasked,“Whowantsitnow?”Weraised30handsagain.Buthesaid,“Waitamoment.”Hethendroppeditonthefloorandsteppedonit.Afterthat,hepickedup31dirtybillandaskedagain,“Whostillwantsit?”Manyhandswerestillup.“Myfriends,”hesaid,“youhavelearnedavaluablelessontoday.Nomatter32Ididtothemoney,youstillwantedit33itdidnotgodowninvalue.Itwasstillworth“Wealwayslosemanychanceswetakeinourlives.”Hewentonspeaking,“Wefeelasifweareworthnothing.Butremember,nomatterwhat34toyou,youwillneverloseyourvalue,youarealwaysvaluabletothosepeople35loveyou.Yourvaluedoesn’tcomefromwhatyoudoorwhoyouknow,butWHOYOUARE.”26.A.begin B.began C.beginsD.beginning27.A.quicker B.quick C.quicklyD.quickest28.A.do B.todo C.doingD.done29.A.on B.to C.inD.into30.A.our B.ours C.ourselvesD.us31.A.a B.an C.theD.不填32.A.how B.what C.whereD.when33.A.though B.aslongasC.whileD.because34.A.happens B.willhappen C.hashappenedD.hadhappened35.A.which B.who C.whoseD.what综合提升二（13年海珠区一模）Theworldisdividedintotwoparts.Onehalfoftheworldisrichand26ispoor.__27thepoorpart,peoplenevergetenoughtoeat.Whentheyareill,noneofthehospitalscanreceivethembecausethey28nomoney.Intherichpart，alotofpeopleeattoomuch.Forexample，adogorcatinNorthAmericaeats29thanachildinpoorercountries.Poorcountrieshavesome30problems.Sometimesthelandistoopoor.Peopletherehavenorichland31enoughwater.Thepeoplemustbetaughtandwatermustbefound.Butrichcountrieshaveproblems,32.Therearenotalwaysgoodplacestolivein.Sometimestheairisnotcleanandtheriversaretoodirty.Theroadsandstreetshave33peopleandbuses.Carsandbuseshavetomoveslowly.Noiseisheardeverywhere.Somepeopledon’thavehouses.Somethingmust34abouttheseproblems.Theairandtheriversmustbecleaned.Morehouseshavetobebuilt.Butthesethings35bedoneeasily.26.A.others B.another C.theothers D.theother27.A.In B.Onto C.Into D.By28.A.have B.has C.had D.arehaving29.A.good B.best C.better D.thebetter30.A.difficulty B.difficulties C.difficultly D.difficult31.A.and B.or C.but D.so32.A.either B.too C.aswellas D.also33.A.toomuch B.muchtoo C.toomany D.toolittle34.A.do B.bedone C.bedoing D.isdone35.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.shouldn’t D.can’t综合提升三（10年广州中考）Myfriend,DavidSmith,keptbirds.Onedayhephonedand1(tell)mehe2__(be)awayforaweek.Heaskedmetofeedthebirdforhimandsaidhe3(leave)hiskeyinmymailbox.Unfortunately,I4(notremember)tofeedthebirdsuntilthenightbeforeDavid_5___(return).Irushedoutofmyhouseandit6(be)alreadydarkwhenIarrivedathishouse.Isoonfoundthekeyhegavemecouldunlockneitherthefrontdoornorthebackdoor!IkeptthinkingofwhatDavid(say)whenhecameback.ThenI7(notice)thatonebedroomwindowwasopen.Ifoundabigstoneandpusheditunderthewindow.Becausethestonewasveryheavy,I8(make)alotofnoise.Butintheend,I9____(manage)toclimbup.IhadoneleginsidethebedroomwhenIsuddenlyrealizedthatsomeone_____10____shine)atorchupatme.Ilookeddownand11(see)apolicemanandanoldlady,oneofDavid’sneighbors.“What12you(do)upthere?”saidthepoliceman.Feelinglikeafool,Ireplied,“IwasjustgoingtofeedMr.Smith’sbirds.”句子翻译：——这些天你都在干什么呢？——我一直在练习弹钢琴，下周我要参加一个比赛。2.——你吃了早饭吗？——没，我打算做完了这些工作再去吃。3.——去广州的火车开了吗？——开出了！十分钟之前开出的，所以你又迟到了！4.——你哥哥离开中国多久啦？——他离开一年啦。他是去年八月份动身去纽约的。5.他们要到下周才能完成所有任务。6.——好久不见！这些年你都去哪了？——没去哪，我只是生病住院了一段时间。7.当我进来的时候他正在看书。8.如果你把冰加热，它就会变成水。Keys：1-4CBDC一：26-30BCADA31-35C二：26-30DAACD 31-35BBCBD三：1-5toldwouldbewouldleavedidn’trememberreturned6-10hadbeennoticedmademanagedwasshining11-12sawaredoing 句子翻译：1.-Whatareyoudoingthesedays?-I'mpracticingplayingthepiano,andI’lljoininacompetitionnextweek.

2.-Haveyouhadbreakfast?-No,Iplantohaveitafterfinishingthework.

3.-HasthetrainheadingforGuangzhouleft?-Yes,ithas.Itlefttenminutesago,soyou'relateagain.

4.-HowlongwillyourbrotherbeawayfromChina?-Hehasbeenawayforoneyear.HeheadedforLondoninAugustoflastyear.

5.-Theywillnotfinishallofthemuntilnextweek.

6.-Haven'tseenyouforalongtime.Wherehaveyoubeento?-Ihavebeennowhere,ihavejustbeenillforsometime7.HewasreadingwhenIcamein.8.Ifyouheattheice,itturnsintowater.课后作业复习巩固选择1.Sofar,thepopulationofthiscity__________712000AareBisChasbeenDhas2.He__________waituntiltherain__________.Awon’t,willstopBwon’t,stopCwill,stopsDwill,willstops3.–DidyougotoMichael’sbirthdaypartyyesterday?--No,I_______