10非谓语动词2022年中考英语易错考点解题秘笈（原卷版）

10非谓语动词2022年中考英语易错考点解题秘笈（通用版）中考易错考点三年考频统计考点考频考点考频动词不定式作宾语补足语32现在分词作宾语补足语4动名词作宾语26动词不定式作主语3动词不定式作目的状语19过去分词作宾语补足语3动词不定式的否定形式9动名词作主语2动词不定式的省略9动词不定式作结果状语1动词不定式和动名词作宾语的区别7动词不定式的被动形式1“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构7现在分词作伴随状语1动词不定式作宾语4过去分词作定语1易错题典例考点1动词不定式1.Attimes,parentsfinditdifficultwiththeirteenagechildren.A.talkB.talkedC.talkingD.totalk错因分析：易错选C.未掌握“find+it+adj.+todosth.”结构。正确解答：D句意为：“有时，家长们发现与他们处于青春期的孩子交谈是很困难的。”“find+it+adj.+todosth.”“发现做某事是·····的”为固定结构。2.Thetrafficsignswarnpeopleafterdrinking.A.todriveB.nottodriveD.don'tdriveC.driving错因分析：易错选D.在英语中一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词，本题中的warn已是谓语动词，所以不能再选D.正确解答：Bwarnsb.nottodosth.是动词不定式的否定形式，意为“警告某人不要做某事”。3..Whataheavyrain!－Soitis.Ipreferratherthanonsucharainyday.A.togoout;stayathomeB.tostayathome;gooutC.goingout;stayathomeD.stayingathome;goout错因分析：易错选D.未掌握prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.的搭配形式。正确解答：Bprefertoosth.ratherthandosth.是固定搭配，意为“宁可做某事而不做某事”，由句意可知选B.考点2动名词1.TheWorldCupising.Iwon'tanygame!－I'mlookingforwardtoeverymatchofit,too.A.miss;towatchB.miss;watchingC.tomiss;watchD.tomiss;watched错因分析：易错选C.分析不清第一空作谓语，不能用非谓语动词形式；第二空忽视lookforwardto中to为介词。正确解答：Bwon't为助动词，后面跟动词原形，一起构成谓语，故第一空用miss;lookforwardto表示“盼望，期望”，to是介词，后面跟动名词形式，故第二空用watching.2.honestisthefirstthingpeopleshouldlearn.A.BeingB.LookC.BeD.Bee错因分析：易错选C.句中已有谓语动词is,若选C句子就成了两个谓语。正确解答：A句意为：“诚实是人首先应该学习的东西。”所填词与honest在句中作主语，应用动名词形式，故选A.考点3分词1.IfoundaletteronthefloorwhenIcameintotheclassroom.A.lyingB.layC.lieD.lies错因分析：易错选B.未掌握现在分词作宾语补足语时的用法。正确解答：A句意为：“我走进教室的时候，发现地上有一封信。”所填词在句子中作宾语补足语，aletter与lie之间为主动关系，用现在分词。2..HewantstohavehisTV.A.repairingB.repairedC.torepair错因分析：易错选C.未掌握havesth.done的用法。正确解答：Bhavesb.doingsth.表示“让某人一直做某事”；havesth.done表示“让某事被做”；havesth.todo表示“有某事要去做”。TV和repair之间是被动关系，用过去分词表示被动。易错题题型单项选择完成句子汉译英易错题专练一、单项选择1．Heistooyoung.Hedoesn’tknow________byhimself.A．whattodothings B．howtodothings C．howtodo D．whattobedone2．—HaveyoueverheardthatChinaisbuildinganationwide5Gnetwork?—Right.5Gwillallowus______Englishmoviesfasterthanever.A．download B．downloads C．todownload D．downloading3．________baseballgame,youneedtogototheYankeeStadium.A．Towatch B．AfterplayingC．Beforebuying D．Lookingat4．—Didyoubuyablouseyesterday?—No.Theyareallbeautiful.Icouldn’tdecide________.A．whattochoose B．whichonetochooseC．whatshouldIchoose D．whichshouldIchoose5．It'simportant________basketballwell.A．ofhimtoplay B．forhimtoplay C．ofhimplaying D．forhimplaying6．Hefound________difficult________Englishwell.A．it,learn B．it,tolearn C．that,learn D．that,tolearn7．IliketowatchAroundtheWorld,becauseIhope_______outwhat’s_______onaroundtheworld.A．find;go B．tofind;going C．tofind;togo8．Howaboutthetwoofyou________thechickensonthefarm?A．tofeed B．feed C．feeding D．tobefeeding9．Weshouldpreventthesand________awaybythestrongwindinspring.A．fromblow B．fromblowingC．frombeingblown D．beingblow10．Nooneenjoys________at.A．laughing B．tolaugh C．beinglaughed D．tobelaughed11．Iregret________heradviceonhowtomakefewermistakes.A．don'tlistento B．notlisteningto C．notlistento D．notlistening12．It'salittlecoldtoday.Wouldyoumind

thewindow?Ofcoursenot.A．notopening B．nottoopen C．don'topen D．noopening13．Ourclassteacheroftensaysthat_________toomuchtimewiththemobilephone________inthewayofourschoolwork.A．spend;get B．spending;gets C．tospend;getting14．Themanwentbackand________downtohavearestafter________tohisbossaboutbeingill.A．lied,lying B．lay,laying C．lay,lying D．laid,laying15．Ihope________aletterfrommypenfriendLydiasoon.Myfavoritehobbyis________letterstoher.A．receiving;writing B．toreceive;writeC．receiving;write D．toreceive;writing16．Thewinnerofthe________petitionisaboy________Tom.A．speaking；calling B．spoken；called C．speaking；called D．spoken；calling17．Dogshelpthepolice_________thievesandfind_________people.A．catch…miss B．tocatch…miss C．catch…missing D．tocatch…missed18．Onhearingthenews,sherushedoutwithouthesitation,________herhandbag________onthesofaand________inthedistance.A．left;lied;disappeared B．leaving;lying;disappearedC．leaving;laying;disappearing D．left;lying;disappearing19．Ifyouseeaflag_____outsideawindow,youmayknowsomeoneinthathouse______abirthday.A．fly,have B．flew,hasC．flying,ishaving D．flying,has20．Thedog________overthereunderthetreebelongedtoJimmy.Besidethedog,abook________openontheground.A．lay;laid B．lying;laid C．lay;lay D．lying;lay21．Doyouknowthegirl________underthetree?A．standing B．stands C．stand D．stood22．MichaelJackson________as“KingofPop”wasannounceddeadonJune25th,________theworld.A．regarded;surprising B．whoregarded;surprisingC．regarded;surprised D．wasregarded;surprising23．Whentheypassedby,theysawsomechildren________happilyinthegarden.A．plays B．toplay C．played D．playing24．I’msorrytokeepyou______forabouthalfanhour.A．wait B．waits C．towait D．waiting25．Ididn’tnoticeanyoneintotheroomjustnowbecauseIwasbusytomyson.A．get;writing B．got;towrite C．getting;towrite D．getting;writing26．________withhisflat,minelooks__________new.A．pared;asgoodas B．Topare;aswellasC．pared;aswellas D．Topare;asgoodas27．—Eachyear,________fishesarekilledbythe________water.—Soweshoulddosomethingtostopit!A．millionof;polluting B．twomillions;pollutedC．millionsof;polluted D．twomillion;polluting28．Thisactionmovie________Transformersisvery________.Ihaveneverseenaworseone.A．isnamed;tired B．named;tiring C．isnamed;exciting D．named;exciting29．—Whydoyouspeakin______aloudvoice?—BecauseIwanttomakemyself______clearly.A．such;hear B．such;heard C．so;heard D．so;hear30．Manyoldpeopleare____atthe____modernscience.A．surprised;surprising B．surprised;surprisedC．surprising;surprising D．surprising;surprising31．___________bytheirdeeds,wedecidetodoeverythingforthepeoplefromnowon.A．Moving B．Tomove C．Moves D．Moved32．Pleaseremain______untiltheplanehasetoapletestop.A．toseat B．seats C．seating D．seated33．Mynewbikeisbroken,Iwanttohaveit________.A．repairing B．torepair C．repaired D．repairs34．LuXunhasbeen________formanyyears,butthenovels________byhimarestillveryeducational.A．died;waswritten B．died;written C．dead;waswritten D．dead;written35．________,thevillageisbeautiful.A．Seeingfromthemountain B．SeenfromthemountainC．Seefromthemountain D．Seesfromthemountain二、完成句子36．当你到达山顶时，你会发现吸入空气很困难。Whenyoureachthetopofthemountain,you’llfinditdifficult______________________________air.37．今天早晨妈妈用了20分钟做早饭。IttookMomtwentyminutes__________breakfastthismorning.38．我真后悔弄得这么一团糟，我现在得从头开始。Ireallyregret__________.Ihavetostartalloveragain.39．在跟外国人交谈时，我就是不能使他们明白我。Ijustcouldn'tmakemyself________whiletalkingtoforeigners.40．琳达很后悔在妈妈让她写作业的时候和妈妈顶嘴。Lindaregretted________hermotherwhenhermotheraskedhertodohomework.41．能让人们无论何时何地都能保持联系。Telephoneallowpeopleto___________________________________________eachother.42．老师告诉Sally即使是没有时间也不要放弃弹钢琴。TheteachertoldSally___________________________playingthepianoeventhoughshehadnotime.43．我们有足够的时间完成这项任务。Wehave_________________finishthetask.44．我最喜欢的运动是游泳。My________sportis________.45．你介意把剪刀放盒子里吗？Wouldyoumind________________________?三、汉译英将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在答题卡上标有题号的横线上。46．他别无选择，只能放弃了出国。__________________________________________________________________47．现在这种机器在工厂广泛应用。________________________________________________________________48．为了减少污染，我们应该多骑车来代替开车。__________________________________________________________________49．下雨天你最好不要让窗户开着。__________________________________________________________________50．那个音乐会如此精彩很值得等待。__________________________________________________________________易错题解题秘笈考点1动词不定式1.动词不定式的形式:基本形式为“to+动词原形”，否定形式为“notto+动词原形”。例It'simportantnottobelateforclass.上课不迟到是非常重要的。2.动词不定式的功能（1)动词不定式作状语。作状语时，一般在句中作目的状语、结果状语和原因状语。例WeneedmoremoneytoimprovetransportinLondon.我们需要更多的钱来改善伦敦的交通状况。（2)动词不定式作主语。常用it作形式主语，真正作主语的不定式后置。常用句型为“Itis+adj.+(of/forsb.)todosth.”。例It'snoteasytofindyourwayaroundthetown.在这个小镇上要找到路很不容易。（3)动词不定式作宾语。常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：wouldlike/wantto想要agreeto同意affordto负担得起hope/wishto希望decideto决定promiseto承诺continueto继续expectto期望refuseto拒绝（4)动词不定式作宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词：tellsb.todosth.告诉某人做某事warnsb.todosth.警告某人做某事invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事expectsb.todosth.期望某人做某事advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事（5)动词不定式作定语。作定语时常放在修饰词后，作后置定语。例Ican'tthinkofanygoodadvicetogiveher.我想不出任何好的建议给她。（6)动词不定式作表语。常放于be动词后。例Myjobistolookafterthebaby.我的工作是照顾这个婴儿。3.“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构动词不定式可以与疑问代词who,whom,what,which,whose及疑问副词when,where,how等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。Ididn'tknowhowtogetbacktothevillage.我不知道怎样回到村子。4.常见省略to的动词不定式结构hadbetterdosth.最好做某事wouldratherdosth.宁愿做某事cannotbutdosth.只好做某事Why(not)dosth.?为什么（不）做某事？考点2动名词1.动名词的功能（1)动名词作动词的宾语。常接动名词作宾语的动词（短语）有：enjoy喜欢finish完成keep(on)保持mind介意advise建议suggest建议practice练习admit承认feellike想要can'thelp禁不住imagine想象avoid避免（2)作介词的宾语。介词后用动名词作宾语。例Aftereatinginherrestaurantpeoplewouldbeetiredveryquickly.顾客在她的餐馆里吃过饭以后，很快就会感到疲乏。（3