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动词不定式作定语和状语(Book3Unit4
DiscoveringUsefulStructures)杭州市临平实验中学高中英语(人教版)SpaceExplorationBook3Unit4DiscoveringUsefulStructuresInfinitivesastheattributeandtheadverbialLearning
ObjectivesUponcompletingthislesson,you’llbeabletoIDENTIFICATIONidentifyinfinitivesasadverbialsandasattributesMEANINGINCONTEXTunderstandthemeaningsofinfinitivesasadverbialsandasattributesincontextCOMPARISONmasterthedifferencesbetweeninfinitives,participlesandclauseswhenusedasattributivesandadverbialsINFINITIVESINUSEuseattributiveandadverbialinfinitivestopreciselyandcreativelyinspokenandwrittenEnglishWhatisanInfinitive?launchorbitexploretonounattributeadverbialOurjourneyintospaceisnotjustaboutsurvival;itisaboutgrowth,aboutlearningtolivewiththeinfinite.object(noun)asasAttributeasAdverbialcomesimmediatelyafterthenounmovablemodifiesthenoun/pronounitfollowsplan/intentionmodifiestheverb/adverb/adjectivesmeaningpositionfunctionInfinitiveasAttributeandAdverbialplan/intentionTheymakevehiclestocarrybravepeopleintospacetofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse.Mysterycreateswonderandwonderisthebasisofman’sdesiretounderstand.Tofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse,theymakevehiclestocarrybravepeopleintospace.asAttributeasAdverbialDiscussthefunctionsandmeaningsoftheinfinitivesinthefollowingsentences.Itrainedforalongtimetoflyairplanesasafighterpilot.Asweallknow,anastronautneedstobehealthyandcalminordertoworkinspace.Firstofall,youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.Somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansrealizetheirdreamtoexplorespace.On12April1961,YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.asAttributeasAttributeasAdverbialasAdverbialasAdverbialTurntheClausesintoInfinitivesIn2003YuriMalenchenkobecamethefirstpersonwhogotmarriedinspace.
In2003YuriMalenchenkobecamethefirstpersontogetmarriedinspace.Inspace,astronautscollectalldirtywatersothatitcanberecycledforlateruse.
Inspace,astronautscollectalldirtywatersoastorecycleitforlateruse.AttributiveclauseAttributiveinfinitiveAdverbialclauseAdverbialinfinitiveRewritethesentencesusinginfinitivesor“inorderto/soasto+do”.Changetheitalicizedpartsaccordingly.Mankindhasalwaysbeencuriousabouttheuniverseandmanypeoplehavedreamtthatonedaytheywouldflyintospace.Astronauts’bonesandmusclescangetveryweakinspaceduetothelackofgravity,sotheyneedtoexerciseeveryday,whichwillhelpthemstayhealthy.Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspacebecauseeverythingwouldfloatoffotherwise.Duringaspacewalk,astronautshavetomoveslowlysothattheycankeeptheirbodiesundercontrol.Exercise=havethedreamtoflyintospaceoneday=to/inorderto/soastostayhealthy=to/inorderto/soastokeepeverythingfromfloatingoff=to/inorderto/soastokeeptheirbodiesundercontrolsimultaneousaction/manner/resultresultfromapastactioninfinitivepresentparticiplepastparticipleOtherformsofattributesandadverbialsplan/intentionSendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoal_________(achieve).Oneoftheproblemsisthatthetripwouldtakeaverylongtime.Forexample,____________(use)currenttechnology,itwouldtakeovertwoyears_________(get)totheclosetplanet,Mars,andback.Althoughlightisthefastestthing_________(know)intheuniverse,itcouldtakemorethanfouryearstoreachtheneareststarsystem.Willscientistsfigureoutaway_____________(store)sufficientfoodandwaterforthelongjourney?Isitpossibletotravelfasterthanlight?Nooneknowstheanswersyet.However,spacescientistsnevergiveup.Theyareexperimentingwithgrowingcropsinspacesoas______________(help)astronautsgetenoughfoodonlongerjourneysthroughspace.toachieveusingtogetknowntostoretohelpCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Micro-WritingExerciseChina'sinitiativetoexploreMarswiththeTianwen-1mission,whichincludesanorbiter,lander,androver,demonstratesthecountry'sexpandingcapabilitiesinplanetaryscience.…TheSpaceXStarshipisbeingdevelopedtorevolutionizespacetravel,withtheambitionofmakingMarscolonizationarealitywithinourlifetime.Thefutureofspaceexplorationliesininternationalcollaborationandprivateenterprise,workingtogethertoovercomechallengesandtosetfootonnewworlds.Describespacefactsandeffortstoexplorespace.Includeinfinitivesasattributesoradverbials.Self-EvaluationCanyoudistinguishbetweeninfinitivesasattributesandadverbials?Doyouunderstandthemeaningsofinfinitivesintheseroles?Canyouselectthecorrectformofverbs(participlesandinfinitives)incontext?CanyoueffectivelyuseattributiveandadverbialinfinitivesinEnglish?HomeworkWriteaparagraphaboutyouranticipationforthefuturespaceexplorationusinginfinitivesasattributesoradverbials.Homework—APossibleVersionWriteaparagraphaboutyouranticipationforthefuturespaceexplorationusinginfinitivesasattributesoradverbials.Aswegazetowardsthecosmoswithasenseofwonderandanticipation,thefutureofspaceexplorationpromisestobearealmofboundlessdiscoveryandinnovation.Thedreamofcolonizingdistantplanets,withMarsasournextfrontier,isdrivenbytheambitiontoestablishhumansettlem
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