第05讲时态疑问句感叹句的用法（原卷版）-2022年八年级英语寒假课（牛津上海版）

第05讲时态、疑问句、感叹句的用法【学习目标】掌握时态、疑问句、感叹句基本知识2、对于易错点、常考点的掌握与理解【基础知识】Ⅰ.重点时态基本概念基本形式学法点睛一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态，或客观真理do/does掌握常见时间状语：always/often/usually/sometimes/everyday/onceaweek用于条件状语从句以及时间状语从句。表示客观真理。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态did掌握常见时间状语：justnow/yesterday/lastweek/twohoursago/in1998一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态am/is/aregoingtodo或者willdo掌握常见时间状语：tomorrow/nextweek/intwodays/inthefuture过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态woulddo或者was/weregoingtodo掌握常见时间状语：thenextday在宾语从句中，主句过去时，从句的动作发生某个将来的时间。Ⅱ.重点时态基本概念基本形式学法点睛现在进行时表示现在正在发生的动作am/is/aredoing掌握常见时间状语：now/atpresent/atthe(this)moment/Look(Listen)根据句意进行判断某人此刻正在做某事。现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响或一直持续到现在have/hasdone掌握常见时间状语：already/just/yet/threetimes/sinceyesterday/forthreehours/recently/sofar/inthepast(last)tendays根据句意进行判断，过去的动作对现在产生了影响。过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在发生的动作was/weredoing掌握常见时间状语：atthatmoment/atthistimeyesterday/at6:00lastSunday/from1:00to3:00yesterdayafternoonwhen/while引导的时间状语从句或者主句中表示某一时间正在发生的延续性动作。过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作haddone掌握常见时间状语：bytheendoflastmonth根据句意进行判断，过去完成时的动作发生在某一过去的动作之前。【真题演练】一、单项选择1．Wehavebeenfriends________.A．lastyear B．oneyearagoC．sincewemetlastyear D．whenwemetlastyear2．—DidMike________thematch?—No,hedidn’t.Tom________him.A．win；beat B．win；won C．beat；won D．beat；beat3．—Look!Thechildren________.—Howhappytheyare!A．isdancing B．dancing C．aredancing D．dances4．Shewithherfriends________TVnow.A．watch B．arewatching C．iswatching D．watches5．—________?—I’mreadingastorybook.A．Howisitgoingwithyou B．WhatareyoudoingrightnowC．Whatdoyoudo D．Howareyougoing6．—Wouldyoumindturningdownyourmusicplayer?Everybody________now!—I’msorry.A．sleep B．sleeping C．issleeping D．aresleeping7．Mikeandhisfriendsaresinginganddancinginthegarden.They________agoodtimenow.A．having B．arehaving C．haven’t D．don’thave8．Itonly________him20minutes________tohisofficeeveryday.A．takes;drives B．take;drive C．takes;drive D．takes;todrive9．Oneoftheboys________apet.Thepetisreallycute.A．have B．has C．having D．arehaving10．Lindaoften________homeworkatnight,butnowshe________TV.A．do;watches B．does;iswatching C．does;watches D．isdoing;iswatching11．Oneofthegirls________adog.Thedogisreallylovely.A．have B．has C．keep D．save12．Weeach_______strongpointsandeachofus_______weakpoints.A．have;have B．have;has C．has;has D．has;have13．Themanagertoldusthatthepany________modernrobotstodosomeoftheworksoon.A．used B．uses C．willuse D．woulduse14．Thefamouswriterpromisedthatshe_______allthemoneyforhernewbooktocharity.A．gave B．wouldgive C．hasgiven D．hadgiven15．—Whenwillourdaughtereback?—Shetoldmeonthephonelastnightthatshe________inlateApril.Shemustbepackingthesedays.A．willarrive B．wouldarrive C．isarriving D．arrives16．—________at8:00yesterdayevening?—Iwaswatchingfootballgames.A．Whatwereyoudoing B．WhatdidyoudoC．Whatyouweredoing D．Whatareyoudoing17．—Hey,Kate,youweren’tathomeateighto’clocklastnight.—Oh,I__________inthelibrarywhenyoucalledme.A．wasreading B．willread C．read D．isreading18．—Didn’tyouhearDadcallyou?—No.Ididn’t.I_________withJackonthephone.A．amtalking B．wouldtalk C．havetalked D．wastalking19．Theboywithtwodogs________intheyardwhentheearthquakehitthecity.A．isplaying B．areplaying C．wasplaying D．wereplaying20．—Ididn’tseeyourfatheryesterdaywhenIwenttoyourhouse.—Oh,he________strawberriesonthefarm.picks B．picked C．waspicking D．haspicked【过关检测】21．We________Lilysinceshewasalittlegirl.A．haveknown B．hadknown C．know D．knew22．—Mum,lookatthisemail!IvyisingtoGuangzhou.—That’snice.Thetwoofyoucangosightseeing.________totheGuangzhouTower?—No,maybeIcouldtakeherthere.A．HavesheeverbeenB．DoessheevergoC．Hassheeverbeen D．Didsheevergo23．Iamsurprisedatthenewlookofmyhometown,forit__________alotovertheyears.A．changed B．changes C．willchange D．haschanged24．Howlonghaveyou________thisbook?A．borrowed B．lent C．keep D．kept25．—Whyaretheboyspracticing_______basketballinsuchbadweather?—Becausethere_______abasketballgametomorrow.A．toplay;willbe B．playing;isgoingtobeC．toplay;aregoingtobe D．playing;willhave26．—Excuseme,couldyoupleasewakemeupifmyfriend________here?—Ofcourse,butwestilldon’tknowwhenyourfriend________here.A．wille;esB．wille;willeC．es;willeD．es;es27．Heisgoingto________apianistwhenhe________up.A．do,grow B．do,grows C．be,grow D．be,grows28．—Children,youshouldbethankfultothosepeople________helpedandsupportedyou.—We________,MissChen.A．which;should B．whom;should C．who;will D．whose;will29．—Idon’tknowifit_________tomorrow.—Well,ifit_________,theschoolsportsmeetwillbecanceled.A．willrain;willrainB．rains;willrainC．willrain;rainsD．rains;rains30．Iusedto________uplateinthemorning,butnowIamusedto________upearly.A．get;getting B．get;get C．getting;getting D．getting;get31．—IhaveseenthefilmWeAreAllFightersagainsttheCOVID19.Whataboutyou,Peter?—Oh.I________itlastweek.A．haveseen B．see C．saw D．willsee32．—CouldI__________yourbook,Jack?—Sorry,I__________ittoAmy.A．lent;borrow B．lend;borrowed C．borrow;lent D．lent;borrowed33．—Haveyouever___________toCaozhouPeonyGarden?—Yes,I___________therelastyear.A．been;went B．gone;went C．been;gone D．gone;been34．Hesaidthathiscar______stolenandhe______havetotelephonethepolice.A．was;would B．hasbeen;will C．hadbeen;would D．hadbeen;will35．Myfriendssaidthey________hereby9p.m.,buttheyhaven’tarrivedyet.A．willbe B．hadbeen C．havebeen D．wouldbe【基础知识】Ⅰ.特殊疑问句构成：疑问词+一般疑问句二、疑问词what（什么），who（谁），whose（谁的），which（哪个），when（何时），where（哪里），why（为何），how（怎样），what（什么），who（谁），whose（谁的），which（哪个），when（何时），where（哪里），why（为何），how（怎样），howlong（多久，多长时间），howfar（多远），howoften（多久一次），howsoon（多快，多久以后），howmany（问数量可数名词）howmuch（问价钱；问数量不可数名词），howold（问年龄）等。三、疑问词的选择（一）对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问，疑问词用what；关于what的其他疑问词：whatcolor.（二）对修饰名词的定语提出疑问，疑问词应用which，而且通常和名词连用。（三）对指人名词或代词提问用who，作宾语时提问用whom。

（四）对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whose。（五）①对具体时间提出疑问，如inthemorning,lastSunday等，疑问词用when；②对具体几点钟提问，疑问词应用whattime（六）对具体地点提出疑问，疑问词应用where。

对表原因的从句提问，常见的有because引导的从句，疑问词应用why。（八）对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词How。（九）对数量提出疑问，疑问词为Howmany，要注意howmany必须跟名词的复数形式。（十）对价格提出疑问，疑问词用Howmuch。（十一）对时间、长度提出疑问，疑问词应用Howlong。（十二）对时间频率，如onceayear,twiceaweek等提问，疑问词用Howoften（难点）。（十三）对具体次数，如once,twice,threetimes等提问，疑问词用Howmanytimes。（十四）对in＋一段时间提问，疑问词一般用Howsoon。（十五）对距离提出疑问，疑问词用Howfar。

（

注意：对

tenminutes’walk/ride等提问也用Howfar）

（十六）对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问，则分别用

What'sthedate?/

Whatdayisit?

如果是过去时间，就用was代替is。如：Whatwastheweatherlike?（十七）关于how的其他疑问词：howold,howwide,howdeep,howtall,howhigh(可以和what’stheage/width/depth/height…..转换)等Ⅱ.反义疑问句一、定义反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句在陈述句之后，附加上一个简短句，对陈述句所叙述的事情提出的事情提出相反的疑问，这种疑问句叫反意疑问句。二、构成反意疑问句由两部分组成，前一部分是对是对事物的陈述，后一部分是针对所提出是事提出疑问。如果前一部分用肯定式，后一部分就用否定式；如果前一部分用否定式，后一部分就用肯定式。三、用法 1.陈述部分用no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。Theoldmanmadenoanswer,didhe?Jimisneverlateforschool,ishe?否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。例如：Itisimpossible,isn'tit?Heisnotunkindtohisclassmates,ishe?陈述部分是"therebe"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。Thereissomethingwrongwithyourwatch,isn'tthere?Therewillnotbeanytrouble,willthere?陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything,that,nothing,this,疑问部分主语用it。Everythingisready,isn'tit?一切就绪，是吗？陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,noone等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。Everyoneknowstheanswer,don'tthey?（doeshe?）人人都知道答案，是这样吧？Nobodyknowsaboutit,dothey?（doeshe?）没人知道这件事，是吧？陈述部分有wouldrather+v.，疑问部分多用wouldn't+主语。Hewouldratherreadittentimesthanreciteit,wouldn'the?陈述部分有You'dliketo+v.疑问部分用wouldn't+主语。You'dliketogowithme,wouldn'tyou?陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用aren'tI。例如：I'mastallasyoursister,aren'tI?我跟你姐一样高，对吗？陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may+主语。例如：Iwishtohaveawordwithyou,mayI?我想与你说句话，行吗？四、易错点含有情态动词的反义疑问句基本原则：在通常情况下，当陈述部分含有情态动词时，疑问部分会重复前面同样的情态动词：HecanspeakEnglish,can’the？他会说英语，是吗？Weshouldn’tgo,shouldwe?我们不应该去，对不对？（1）当陈述部分含有must时，要分两种情况：①陈述部分有must的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。例如：Hemustbeadoctor,isn'the?他肯定是医生，是吗？YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears,haven'tyou?/didn'tyou?你一定读过三年英语，对吗？Hemusthavefinishedityesterday,didn'the?他肯定是在昨天完成任务的，是吗？②若must表示“必须”或“有必要”，疑问部分用mustn’t或needn’t：Youmustleaveatonce,mustn’t[needn’t]you?你必须(有必要)马上离开，是吗?但是若陈述部分有mustn’t表示禁止，疑问部分要must：Youmustn’tlaugh,mustyou?你不准笑，知道吗?（2）带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用need（dare）+主语。例如：Weneednotdoitagain,needwe?我们不必重做一遍，是吗？Hedarenotsayso,darehe?他不敢这样说，是吗？当dare,need为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do+主语。Shedoesn'tdaretogohomealone,doesshe?她不敢独自回家，是吗？（3）含有oughtto的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't/oughtn't+主语。Heoughttoknowwhattodo,oughtn'the?/shouldn'the?（4）陈述部分有haveto+v.（hadto+v.），疑问部分常用don't+主语（didn't+主语）。Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrow,don'twe?（5）陈述部分有hadbetter+v.疑问句部分用hadn'tyou?You'dbetterreaditbyyourself,hadn'tyou?（6）陈述部分的谓语是usedto时，疑问部分用didn't+主语或usedn't+主语。Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn'the?/usedn'the?【真题演练】一、单项选择1．—IsMaryreadingEnglishwithyou?—________.Sheisdoingherhomework.A．Yes,sheis B．No,sheisn’t C．No,I’mnot D．Yes,Iam2．—Excuseme.Isthereapostofficenexttoyourschool?—________.Butthereisoneacrossfromthehospital.A．Yes,thereis B．No,thereisn’t C．Yes,itis D．No,itisn’t3．—Excuseme.Arethereanybanksnearhere?—No,there________.A．isn’t B．don’t C．doesn’t D．aren’t4．—Istherealibrarynearhere?—________.A．Yes,itis B．No,therearen’t C．Yes,thereis D．Yes,thereare5．—Areyouusingtheputer?—________.A．No,youarenot B．Yes,they’re C．No,weare D．No,wearen’t6．—MustIfinishmyhomeworknow?—No,you______.Youcangohomenow.A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t7．—Haveyou__________watchedtalkshows?—Yes,Ireallyenjoythem.A．ever B．still C．yet D．never8．—________youplay_________basketball?—No,Ican’t.A．Do;the B．Can;the C．Can;/ D．Are;/9．—CanBobsingthesonginEnglish?—______.A．Yes,Ican B．No,hecan’t C．Yes,heis D．Yes,hecan’t10．—Thebookispopular.________you________ityet?—Yes,Ihave.A．Are;reading B．Were;reading C．Have;read D．Will;read11．—Doyoumindmy________thewindow?—________.Itisreallycoldoutsidetoday.A．close;No,notatallB．closing;No,notatallC．close;Yes,pleaseD．closing;Yes,please12．—MustIwritemyhomeworkinEnglish,Mr.Lee?—________.ChineseisOK.A．No,youmustn’t B．No,youneedn’t C．Yes,Ican D．Yes,youmay13．—Gina,________you________thedisheslastnight?—Yes,Idid.A．did;do B．are;doing C．do;do D．can;do14．—WillyougoshoppingthisSaturday?—________.Wewillcampinthemountains.A．Yes,wewill B．No,wewon’t. C．Yes,wedo. D．No,wedon’t.15．—________TomandJacklikerice?—No,________.A．Is;heisn’t B．Are;theyaren’tC．Does;hedoesn’t D．Do;theydon’t16．—It’sverycoldtoday,________?—Yes,itis.A．isit B．isn’tit C．ishe D．isn’the17．It’sFather’sDaytoday,__________?A．doesn’the B．isn’the C．doesn’tit D．isn’tit18．—Helen’salreadylateforthetrain,right?—________Thetrainwillleavein5minutes.A．Yes,sheis. B．Yes,shehas. C．No,sheisn’t. D．No,shehasn’t.19．Hiswordsdon’tseemsurprising,_________?A．doeshe B．isn’the C．dothey D．aren’tthey20．—Marydidn'tetoschoolyesterday,didshe?—,thoughshewasnotfeelingverywell.Yes,shedid B．No,shedidn't C．Yes,shedidn't D．No,shedid.【过关检测】21．―LiuTaoneverreadthebookTheAdventureofTomSawyer,________he?―________.Hetoldmeit’sveryinteresting.He’dliketoreaditagain.A．did;No,hedidn’t B．did;Yes,hedidC．didn’t;Yes,hedid D．didn’t;No,hedidn’t22．—He’sneverlateforschool,________he?—________.Hesometimescan’tgetupontime.A．isn’t;No,heisn’t B．is;Yes,heis. C．isn’t;Yes,heisn’t D．is;No,heisn’t.23．—It’sFather’sDay,________?—Yes.Let’sbuyagiftforDad.Heworksveryhardforus.A．isn’tit B．doesn’tit C．isn’the D．doesn’the24．—Mr.Blackgrewupinthissmallvillagesohedecidedtoraisemoremoneytoimproveitslivingconditionsforthevillagers,________?—Yes.Hehasalreadydonemuchforitsincehebegantowork.A．hashe B．didthey C．didn’the D．weren’tthey25．Idon’tthinkTomwillehereontime,_______?A．won’the B．doeshe C．willhe D．doesn’the26．LinTaousedtogetupearlywhenhewasatschool,_________?A．wasn’the B．didhe C．didn’the D．doesn’the27．—Johnwasn’tatschoolyesterday,washe?—________.Hewasillandstayedathome.A．No,hewasn’t B．Yes,hewas C．No,hewas D．Yes,hewasn’t28．—Thereis________intheclassroomatthemoment,isthere?—I’mnotsure.Let’sgoandhavealook.A．somebody B．nobody C．anybody D．everybody29．—Mikesavedmanyboysintheearthquake,didn’the?—________.Heisaheroinourschoolnow!A．Yes,hedid B．Yes,hehas C．No,hedidn’t D．No,hehasn’t30．—Yourbrothercametoseeyou,______?—Yes,togetherwithmysister.A．doeshe B．doesn’the C．didhe D．didn’the【基础知识】感叹句Ⅰ.感叹句基本概念感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句句末通常用感叹号，读时一般用降调。感叹句通常有what,how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。what修饰名词，how修饰形容词，副词或动词。Ⅱ.感叹句的基本句型感叹句有两种，一种是用what引导，一种用how引导。What引导的感叹句★结构一：What+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词+主语+谓语Whataclevergirlsheis!多么聪明的女孩啊！Whatabeautifulcityitis!多么美丽的城市啊！Whatanhonestmanheis!他是个多么诚实的人啊！Whataninterestingstoryitis!这是个多么有趣的故事啊！【注意】如果adj.是元音因素开头，不定冠词就用an。以辅音因素开头，则用a。★结构二：What+adj.+复数名词或不可数名词+主语+谓语Whattalltreestheyare!多么高的树啊！Whatcoldweatheritis!多冷的水啊！二、How引导的感叹句★结构一：How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语Howbeautifulthepictureis!多么漂亮的图片啊！Howwellshesings!她唱的多好呀！★结构二：How+主语+谓语Howtimeflies!时间过得多快啊！HowIlikethebook!我多么喜欢这本书啊！三、What感叹句和How感叹句的转换1.Whatanicepictureitis!Hownicethepictureis!2.Whatbeautifulbirdstheyare!Howbeautifulthebirdsare!四、感叹句的省略（在口语中，感叹句中的主语和谓语通常省略）Whatacleverboy!多聪明的男孩啊！Whatgreatfun!多有趣啊！Hownice!多好啊！Howfast!多快啊！五、感叹句的其他表示法（adj/adv/短语等也可以表示感叹）Well！好啦！Excellent！好极了！Welldone！干得好！六、判断用what还是how很多初学者常常对该用what还是该用how弄不清楚。如：____coldwaterthisis！HowB.What2.____colditis！A.WhatB.How【方法】我们采取“一找·二断·三辨·四确定”的方法很快就能确定该选哪个感叹词。Step1:“一找”即先找出句中的主语。Step2:“二断”就是在句中的名词（形容词、副词等）与代词（或名词）之间断开。例如上面第一句应在water与this中断开（因this是指示代词），断开后辨别断线前面的词的词性.Step3：“三辨”，句1中断线前的词是water，而water是名词。Step4:就可迅速确定如果是名词就选what。所以第一例句就选B。用这个方法我们会对上面第二个例句作出如下判断：____cold｜itis！断开线其前cold是形容词，故应填How。【真题演练】一、单项选择1．—________beautifulthepresentis!—Thankyou.A．What B．Whata C．How D．Howa2．excitingHuai’anMarathon(马拉松)is!A．What B．Whata C．How D．Howa3．________luckyyouaretoliveinafamilyfullofloveandcare!A．What B．How C．Whata D．Howa4．_________crowdedSuzhouCenteris!Thenumberofcustomershaskept_________greatlysincelastMay.A．Whata;rising B．Howa;raising C．How;rising D．What;raising5．—________angryyourcousinlooks!Whathappenedtoher?—Shefoundherbrotherlookingthroughherdiarywhenshereturnedhomeyesterday.A．How B．What C．Whatan D．Howan6．________interestingtheclassesare!Theyhavelearnedalotaboutdrawing.A．What B．Whata C．Howa D．How7．________fantasticthedragonboatteamare!A．Howa B．How C．Whata D．What8．—Howisthemovie“SnowWhiteandtheHuntsman”?—________wonderfulmovieitis!A．How B．Howa C．What D．Whata9．________pleasantthejourneywas!Itreallyopenedmyeyes.A．How B．Whata C．Whatan D．What10．—Stevewonfirstprizeinthespeechcontesttoday.—_______hardheworks!Weshouldlearnfromhim.A．How B．What C．Whata D．Howa11．________happyhewaseachtimehesawarainbow!A．Wha