专题12.八年级上册Unit2知识梳理与精练（教师版）-2021-2022学年七年级英语暑假知识点巩固与衔接大礼包(牛津译林版)

八年级上册：Unit2知识梳理与精练一．单词学习1.British英国的2.biscuit饼干3.rubber橡皮4.American美国的5.eraser橡皮6.soccer英式足球7.vacation假期8.cookie饼干9.fall秋天10.store商店11.truck卡车12.yard院子13.movie电影14.mixed男女混合的;混合的15.French法语16.foreign外国的17.language语言18.during在…期间19.discuss讨论,议论20.inclass在课堂上21.guy家伙22.offer主动提出,自愿给予23.end结束24.baseball棒球25.win赢得;赢,获胜26.least最少的;最小的27.further(far的比较级)程度更深的28.farther(far的比较级)较远29.furthest(far的比较级)程度最深的30.farthest(far的最高级)最远31.spend花费(时间或金钱)32.spendtimeon/doingsth花时间做某事33.uniform制服34.chess国际象棋35.atmost至多,不超过二．【知识积累】知识点1、Numberofstudents学生的数量thenumberof…的意思是“___________”，后面接_____________，作主语时，谓语动词要用_________。e.g:我们班学生那个的数量是50。_______________________inourclass_______fifty.=There__________________inourclass.thenumberof…还可以表示“_____________”。e.g:你知不知道我的号码？Doyouknow_________________________?拓展：anumberof表示“___________”，后面接_____________，作主语时，谓语动词要用__________。e.g:操场上有很多学生。There__________________________intheplayground.拓展：anumberof表示“大量的”，后面接可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。e.g:Thereareanumberofstudentsintheplayground.知识点2、ChinesestudentshavemoreweeksoffforthesummerholidaythanBritishstudents.(P25)have...off=________________,have可以用__________替换。Ihadtwodaysofflastweek.＝Ihad__________________________lastweek.上周我放了两天假。例题：Wehaveabouttwentydays_______forSpringFestivaleverywinter.BA.onB.off C.out D.in知识点3、Howmuchtimedoyouspendonyourhobbieseveryday.(P26)1)spendv.____________，用_______做主语。常构成句型：___________________(做某事花费时间或金钱)Ispent$100onthebike.我花了一百美元买下那辆自行车。2)spendv._______________Mycousinwillspendtheweekendwithus.我表哥将和我们一起过周末。3)辨析spend,cost,take与pay____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________例题：用spend,cost,take与pay的正确形式填空。1)It_________themthreeyearstofinishtheproject.2)Ihaveto_________them100poundsforaweek’stravelling.3)Collectingthesedata_________himalotoftime.4)They__________threemonthsrecoveringfromthedisease.1)spendv.花费时间／金钱，用人做主语。常构成句型：spendtime／moneyon/doingsth.做某事花费时间或金钱。2)spend度过；用尽。3)spend,cost,take与pay的区别：cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值……”，常见用法如下：①sth.costs(sb.)＋金钱，某物花了（某人）多少钱。Anewputercostsalotofmoney.一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。②(doing)sth.costs(sb.)＋时间，（做某事）某物花了（某人）多少时间。Rememberingthesenewwordscostshimalotoftime.他花了大量时间才记住了这些新单词。注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost，并且不能用于被动语态。take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：①Ittakessb.＋时间＋todosth.做某事花了某人多少时间。，Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。②doingsth.takessb.＋时间，做某事花了某人多少时间。Repairingthiscartookhimthewholeafternoon.他花了一整个下午修车。pay的基本用法是：①pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付钱（给某人）买某物。Ihavetopaythem20poundsforthisroomeachmonth.我每个月都得付他们20英镑的房租。②payforsth.付某物的钱。Ihavetopayforthelostbook.我不得不赔丢失的书。③payforsb.替某人付钱。Don'tworry!I'llpayforyou.别担心！我会替你付钱的。④paysb.付钱给某人。Theypayuseverymonth.他们每月给我们报酬。⑤paymoneyback还钱。MayIborrow12yuanfromyou?I'llpayitbacknextweek我可以向你借12块钱吗？下周还你。⑥payoffone'smoney还清钱。Hepaidoffallthemoneyyesterday.昨天他还清了所有的债务。1)took2)pay3)costs4)spent知识点4、IalsokeepwritinginEnglishaboutmydailylife.(P27)keepdoingsth.=______________.keepsbfromdoingsth=_________________拓展：keep的用法________________________保持......________________________一直做某事________________________使某物/某人保持......________________________使某物/某人一直做某事________________________阻止某人/某物做某事keepdoingsth=keepondoingsth.的意思是“继续、重复做某事”。keepsbfromdoingsth=stopsb(from)doingsth拓展：keep的用法keep+adj.保持......keep+doingsth.一直做某事keep+sb./sth.+adj.使某物/某人保持......keep+sb./sth.+doingsth.使某物/某人一直做某事keep+sb./sth.+from+doingsth.阻止某人/某物做某事知识点5、Wedonotneedtogetupearly.(P29)1)need作___________，无__________和_________的变化，后接__________。由need引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用_________或_________，否定回答常用_________或__________。Youneedn’tworry.—NeedIanswerthequestion?—Yes,youmust.／Yes,youhaveto.（肯定回答）。—No,youneedn’t.／No,youdon’thaveto.（否定回答）。2)need作为___________动词，有人称和数的变化，后面可接名词、代词、动名词及带to的动词不定式。例题：用所给动词的适当形式填空1)Heneeds_______(have)agoodrest.2)Youneedn’t_______(say)itinEnglish.1)need作情态动词无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。由need引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或haveto，否定回答常用needn't或don'thaveto。2)need作为行为动词，有人称和数的变化，后面可接名词、代词、动名词及带to的动词不定式，可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句中。1)tohave2)say知识点6、Wealwayshavefun.(P29)havefun=_______________=_______________=_______________。havefun接动词时用其_________形式。Theyhadfuninthepark.＝They_______________________________inthepark.＝They_________________inthepark.他们在公园里玩得很开心。例题：用所给动词的适当形式填空Theyhadfun_______(play)footballwithyou.havefun=haveagood/greattime=enjoyoneself=playhappily。havefun接动词时用其doing形式。Theyhadfuninthepark.＝Theyhadagood/greattimeinthepark.＝Theyplayedhappilyinthepark.他们在公园里玩得很开心。playing知识点7短语lookthrough的用法教材原文Ilookedthroughthequestionsquickly.我快速浏览了一下问题。lookthrough意为“浏览”，是动词加介词构成的短语。Jacklookedthroughtheintroductionaboutthebookbeforehedecidedtobuyit．杰克在决定买这本书之前浏览了一下它的序言。拓展与look相关的短语：lookafter照看；lookat看；looklike看起来像；lookdownon瞧不起；lookforwardto期待；lookoutof向外看；lookfor寻找；lookaround环顾。知识点8动词finish的用法教材原文Whendoyoufinishschool?你们什么时候放学？finish作动词，意为“结束；完成”，其后可接名词、代或动名词，但不能接动词不定式常用固定结构finishdoingsth．意为“做完某事”。Hehasn'tfinishedreadingthebookyet.他还没读完这本书拓展英语中有些动词，若后面的宾语为动词时，必须用其动名词形式，而不能用动词不定式。常见的这类动词有：finish（完成）、enjoy（享受）、mind（介意）、practise（练习）等例单项选择Mylittlebrotherdidn'tgotobeduntilhefinished________hishomeworklastnight.A.do B.doing C.todo D.did知识点9it、one和that词条含义及用法示例it“它”，特指上文提到的同一对象，是同一事物Thisbookismine.Itisveryinteresting这本书是我的。它很有趣。one“一（个、支、只、件……）”，泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个，同类而不同一Whohasapencil?谁有钢笔？Ihaveone．我有一支。that“那，那个”，常用于比较结构中，指代前面提到的名词，以避免重复TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinGuangzhouinwinter．冬天北京的天气比广州冷。例单项选择Thefridgesareonsaleinthesupermarkettoday.Really?Let'sgoandbuy___________foryournewkitchen.A.one B.it C.that D.them随堂精练一、根据所给首字母提示填写单词。1.MiddleschoolstudentsinChinahavealongsummerv________andtheycanhaveabouttwomonths'freetime.2.Thefisthefarmers'favouriteseason,becausetheycanhaveagoodharvest（收成）.3.Didyoubuythefoodinthesupermarket?No.Iboughtitinas_________nearmyhome.4.Lastnight,myfatherandIwenttothecinemaandwatchedaverygoodm_________.5.Oh,Imadeamistakeintheexercise.Canyoulendyoure___________tome?Noproblem.Hereyouare.【答案】1.vacation2.fall3.store/shop4.movie5.eraser二、根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空,完成句子。1.__________(Britain)EnglishisalittledifferentfromEnglishusedinAmerica.2.In1990,two___________(America)wontheNobelPrizeinMedicine（诺贝尔医学奖）.3.WhydoesSamlookunhappy?Becausehegot___________(few)presentsthanhisbrotherattheparty.4.Mum,Igot90pointsintheEnglishtestGood!Ifyouwork_________(hard)atEnglish,youmayget100pointsinthetestnexttime.5.SuzyisamemberoftheHelpingHandsClubandshedoesalotofthingsforpeopleinneedlike_____________(raise)moneyforpoorchildren.【答案】1.British2.Americans3.fewer4.harder5.raising三、选择方框中的单词或短语,并用其适当形式填空。yard,haveto,truck,buysomebiscuits,practicehard1.LiHong'sfatherisa__________driverandheoftencarriesvegetablesandfruitfromShandongtoNanjing.2.Mygrandfatheroftenchatswithhisoldfriendsinthe____________infrontofhishouse.3.Susanmaywinthetennismatchifshe____________forsometime.4.Whereareyougoing,SunHan?I'mgoingtothesupermarket____________formycousin.5.WuHua____________stayathomeeverySundaybecausehehaslotsofhomeworktodo.【答案】truck2.yard3.practiceshard4.tobuysomebiscuits5.hasto四，根据短文内容，用括号中动词的适当形式填空。WoodlandSchoolisa1(mix)schoolnearLondon.Thereisa2(read)Weekintheschooleveryyear.Studentscanenjoyreadingdifferentkindsofbooksby3(borrow)booksfromtheschoollibrary.It'salsopossibleforthem4(bring)inmagazinesandbooksfromhome.Thestudentsalwayshavefun5(do)somereadingintheweek,andtimeseems__6(go)fasterwhentheyreadbooks.RockyMountainHighSchoolisanAmericanschoolnearDenver.Thereisaclub7__(call)theBuddyClubintheschool.Withthehelpofolderstudents,newstudentscan8(learn)muchabouttheschoolsoon.Thestudentshavedifferentclasseseveryday.OnFriday.afternoon,school9(finish)earlierthanusual.Johnisastudentintheschool.Helovesbaseball.Lastmonth,histeam10(win)twogames.That'sreallygreat!【答案】1.mixed2.Reading3.borrowing4.tobring5.doing6.togo7.called8.learn9.finishes10.won五、用所给单词的合适形式填空,完成对话。Mother:LiJun,canyoutellmesomethingaboutyournewfriendinyourclass?LiJun:OK.MynewfriendisYeQiang.Webothlikesinging.Hesingsas____1____(good)asIdo.Mother:Whogetstoschool2(early)everymorning,youorYeQiang?LiJun:YeQiang.Heusuallygetstoschoolat7:40a.m.andIusuallygettoschoolat7:50a.m.Mother:WhoisbetteratMaths?LiJun:Iam.Ialwaysmake3(few)mistakesinmathshomeworkthanhe.Mother:Whostudies4(hard)?LiJun:YeQiang.Hespends5(much)timestudyingthanI.What'smore,YeQiangdoeseverything6(carefully)than1.SoIshouldlearnfromhim.Mother:IsyourEnglishasgoodashis?LiJun:Ido7(badly)inEnglishthanhe.HeusuallyanswersourEnglishteacher'squestions8(quickly)ofallthestudentsinourclass.Mother:DoyouknowwhyyourEnglishisn'tasgoodashis?LiJun:Yes.IpractiseEnglish9(often)