《课时把关练》英语选择性必修第三册RJUNIT 3 Part I Reading and Thinking含答案

UNIT3ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION第课时把关练PartIReadingandThinking基础知识练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Theexplosivemixtureinarocketconsistsofbothaf（燃料）andasupplyofoxygen.2.Developmenthasbeenguidedbyaconcernforthee（生态）ofthearea.3.Beforer（释放），thesealionsarefittedwithelectronictrackingdevices.4.Plantsabsorbc（碳）dioxidefromtheairandmoisturefromthesoil.5.Theproblematpresentishowtogetenoughfoodtos（维持）life.6.Thefirstb（广播）ofVOASpecialEnglishwasonOctober19，1959.7.Thelivingconditionsthereseverelyr（限制）thechildren’sfreedomtoplay.8.TheybelievethattheEuropeanCommunityneedsacommonforeignandsecurityp（政策）.Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子1.Atpresent，cycling，（和……一起）joggingandswimming，isregardedasoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.2.MissJacksonbelievesherexperimentcould（对……有影响）theenvironment.3.WhenJohnmeetswithdifficulties，heusuallychoosesto（参考）relevantlearningmaterials.4.Theplanets’strongforceofgravityholds（大量的）hydrogenandheliumgas.5.AsfarasI’mconcerned，concentrationonyourstudieswill（导致）goodgrades.6.Thecountryistryingto（采取措施来）preventandcontrolpollution.7.Governmentwillneedto（制定政策）toencourageprivatecompanies.8.IfIwereyou，Ishould（抓住这次机遇）toimprovemyself.Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.Theyhavesentsomebookstothecountrysidebecausechildrentherearestarvingknowledge.2.Manyfactoriespouruntreatedwaterintoriversdirectly，andreleasepoisonousgastheair，whichcausesacidrain.3.Thenewteacherfounditdifficult（sustain）thechildren’sinterestinclass.4.Theconcertwill（broadcast）livetomorrowevening.5.Heisself-employedbecausehefindsworkingforotherpeopletoo（restrict）.6.Higher-incomeparentstendedtohavechildrenplaywithpuzzlesmore(frequent)，andbothboysandgirlswhoplayedwithpuzzleshadbetterspatialskills.7.Thestudentsweredoinga（comprehension）reviewoftheterm’swork.8.（sustain）developmentofsocietyandenvironmentiscloselyrelatedtohumanculture.Ⅳ.练通句型【一句多译】1.在挪威北极岛斯瓦尔巴群岛发现的一只死北极熊的新闻照片使人们震惊。①PeoplewereshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearonNorway’sArcticislandofSvalbard.（定语从句）②PeoplewereshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearNorway’sArcticislandofSvalbard.（过去分词作定语）2.他当时能记得的是，他滑了一下，倒在了地上。①atthemomentwasthatheslippedandfelltotheground.（定语从句）②atthemomentwasthatheslippedandfelltotheground.（主语从句）3.我们认为对环境做出贡献是我们的责任。①Wethinktomakecontributionstotheenvironment.（形式主语）②Wethinktomakecontributionstotheenvironment.（形式宾语）【句式升级】4.ThisiswithoutdoubtthemostsignificantpersonalexperienceIhavebeenthrough. （同位语从句）5.Playingping-pongcannotonlybuildupyourbodybutalsoitshapesyourcharacter. （倒装句）能力提升练=5\*ROMANV.教材语法填空Thereislittledoubt1.Earthisbecomingwarmerandthereisstrongevidenceofwhatcausesthedramaticchangeintheglobalclimate.A2013newsphotoofa2.（die）polarbearshowedthatthepolarbearseemedtohavediedof3.（starve）.Thisalarmingcaseshowedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehad4.impactonEarth’secology.The“greenhouseeffect”istoblame.The“greenhouseeffect”hastwocommonmeanings：the“natural”greenhouseeffect5.the“man-made”greenhouseeffect.Theprocessof“natural”greenhouseeffect6.（keep）Earth’sclimatewarmandhabitablewhilethe“man-made”greenhouseeffectcausesEarth’ssurfacetemperature7.（rise）.Asisknowntoall，theriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide，notonly8.（cause）seriousdamage，butalsocostinghumanlives.9.（reduce）greenhousegasemissions，governmentsneedtoconsidermakingpoliciesandtakingappropriateactionsandmeasureswhileweasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxide10.（we）lifestylesproduce.VI.阅读理解AAnenvironmentalgroupinColombiaisleadingaprojecttosavewildareasintheSanLucasMountainswiththehelpofcoffeegrowers.Since2016，SanLucasareashavebeenthreatenedbyminingandcoca（古柯）planting.Goldminersandcocagrowersmakemoremoneythancoffeefarmers.NowthegroupWebConservahelpslinkcoffeefarmerswithcoffeeprocessorsfromaroundthecountryinorderthattheycanearnmore.Atthesametimecoffeefarmscanserveasbordersaroundforeststoprotectthebiodiversitywithin.Todate，theprojectincludes10familieswhofarm400hectaresofcoffeeplants.WebConservasaidithopes，intime，200familieswillbeincluded.Atthatlevel，20，000hectaresofuntouchedforestcouldbeprotected.Thefamiliespromisenottocutdowntreestoexpandtheircropsortohuntwildanimals.Inreturn，theyreceive$300for125kilogramsofcoffee.ArcadioBarajasisamongthosetakingpart.Hiscoffeefarmsetsupabarrierbetweencattlefarmsandforestswherewildanimalslive，thusreducingthepossibilityofconflictbetweencattlefarmersandwildanimals.“Cuttingdowntheforesttoplantcocaandkillingwildlifeareagainstmyfaith，andnowIfeelthatgrowingcoffeeletsmebeagoodguardoftheland，”hesaid.ArnobisRomeroisaformercocagrowerandminer.“Manyfamiliesdependedonillegalactivitiestosupporttheirchildrenyearsago.Now，wefeelitadutytolookafterthisbiodiversityandtoleaveitforfuturegenerations，”hesaid.ActivistswantSanLucastobeprotectedasanationalpark，buttheprocesshasbeenslow.CarlosValderrama，directorofWebConserva，hopestheprojectcanbuildproductionsystemthatwilllastfarintothefuture.“Itprotectsforests，biodiversityandecosystemsatthesametimeasimprovingcoffeegrowers’qualityoflife，”hesaid.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph2referto?A.Goldminers. B.WebConservamembers.C.Coffeefarmers. D.Cocagrowers.2.HowdoesWebConservasavewildareasinSanLucas?A.Bysettingupabarrier. B.Byincreasingcattlefarms.C.Bydevelopinggoldmining. D.Byencouragingcoffeefarming.3.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoshowbymentioningArcadioBarajasandArnobisRomero?A.Therearefamilieshavingasenseofduty.B.Theprojectwillattractmoreandmorefamilies.C.Familieshaveenoughmoneyfortheirchildren.D.Coffeeplantingwilllastforseveralgenerations.4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Familiesprotectingwildlifewillgetveryrich.B.WebConservabenefitsecosystemsandlocalpeople’slife.C.Goldminingandcocafarminghavebeenreplacedrapidly.D.SanLucaswilldevelopintoanationalparkinthenearfuture.BTheTibetAutonomousRegionhasplacednearlyhalfitslandareaunderthestrictestecologicalsupervision（监督）.ItwasannouncedatanannualmeetingoftheregionalPeople’sCongress，whichkickedoffonWednesday.Theecologicalprotectionarea，whichcoversmorethan539，000squarekilometers，makesup45percentoftheregion’sarea，and22ecologicalreserveshavebeenbuiltandareoperational.Accordingtothegovernmentworkreport，therateofdayswithgoodairqualityinTibet’scitieshasreached99.4percent，andalltheregion’sdrinkingwatersourceshavemetapplicablestandards.ThereportalsosaidthatthenumberoftheTibetanantelope（羚）intheregionhasrisentomorethan200，000，wildlifespeciesto1，072andblack-neckedcranestomorethan8，000.Fiverarenewspecieshavebeendiscoveredinrecentyears.Theregionhasspent12.2billionyuan（about$1.9billion）onecologicalprotectionprojectsinrecentyears.Fivecitiesandthreecountieshavebeennamedasnational-levelecologicallycivilizedmodelcitiesandcounties，andmoreruralresidentshavebenefitedfinanciallybyundertakingpart-timeecologicalprotectionwork.Moreadvancedmonitoringfacilitieshavebeeninplaceinthereserve，withmoreecologicalprotectioninspectorsemployedtoundertakeprotectionwork.Theprofessionalecologicalinspectorsareprovidedwithbasictoolssuchasmotorcycles，telescopesandpagingreceivers，andtheyprovidefeedbackregularly.ProfessionalinspectorsalsoreceiveoneweekoftrainingeveryyearfromprofessorsatTibetUniversity.KunsangDarje，arailwaymaintenanceworkerinNagchu，saidthatapartfrommaintainingtherailwayandhighway，healsocollectstrashalongthesectionwithhiscolleagues.“TheplacewhereIworkisinano-man’sland，andIthinkit’sveryimportanttoprotecttheanimalstherewithoutaffectingthemwithhumanactivities，andwearealsoboundtotakeresponsibilitythere，”hesaid.5.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.TheecologicalsituationinTibethasbeencompletelyimproved.B.Tibetanlandisundergoodecologicalsupervision.C.Muchmoreoperationalecologicalreserveshavebeenbuilt.D.MoreTibetanprotectioninspectorshavebeenemployed.6.WhichofthefollowingisthepositiveeffectofTibet’secologicalprotection?A.Largerprotectionareas. B.Numerousrarenewspecies.C.Moredayswithqualityair. D.Globalcapitalinvestments.7.Inwhichaspectdopeoplebenefitfromdoingecologicalprotectionwork?A.Protectioninspectorscanemployotherpeople.B.Protectioninspectorsaresuppliedwithcars.C.Tibet’sruralresidentscangetannualtraining.D.Tibet’sruralresidentscanearnextramoney.8.WhatcanbeinferredfromKunsangDarje’swords?A.Heaskshiscolleaguesnottolittereverywhere.B.Heattachesimportancetoraisinganimalsthere.C.Hekeepstherailwayandhighwayingoodcondition.D.Hehasasenseofdutytoprotectanimalsthere.VII.完形填空Isoondiscoverthatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof1amongtonsofrubbishinthehighestmountaininAfrica.Ifindacleanmountain，2toiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenviron-mentalchallengesare3buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe4.ThebestofaKilimanjaro5，inmyopinion，isn’treachingthetop.Mountainsareregarded6spiritualplacesbymanycultures.This7isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas8gothroughfiveecosystems（生态系统）inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3，000meters，9landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup，theweather10—lowcloudsenvelopthemountainsides，whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I11twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4，000metersisthehighland12：gravel（砾石），stonesandrocks.13youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith14snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.DoesKilimanjaro15itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.1.A.equipment B.grass C.camps D.stones2.A.despite B.unlike C.without D.with3.A.new B.special C.significant D.necessary4.A.payingoff B.spreadingout C.blowingup D.fadingaway5.A.atmosphere B.experience C.experiment D.sight6.A.for B.by C.with D.as7.A.view B.quality C.reason D.purpose8.A.scientists B.climbers C.locals D.officials9.A.holdingonto B.goingbackto C.livingupto D.givingwayto10.A.changes B.clears C.improves D.permits11.A.match B.imagine C.count D.add12.A.village B.desert C.road D.lake13.A.Obviously B.Easily C.Consequently D.Finally14.A.permanent B.little C.fresh D.artificial15.A.enjoy B.deserve C.save D.acquire课时把关练PartIReadingandThinking参考答案Ⅰ.1.fuel2.ecology3.release4.carbon5.sustain6.broadcast7.restricted8.policyⅡ.1.alongwith 2.haveanimpacton 3.referto4.hugeamountsof5.resultin6.takemeasuresto7.makepolicies8.seizetheopportunityⅢ.1.for句意：他们给乡村送了一些书，因为那里的孩子们渴望知识。starvefor渴望，是固定搭配。2.into句意：许多工厂将未经处理的水直接排入河流，向空气中释放有毒气体，这导致了酸雨。o...把……排入……3.tosustain 句意：这位新老师发现在课堂上维持孩子们的兴趣点很难。it为形式宾语，故用动词不定式作真正的宾语。4.bebroadcast/broadcasted 句意：音乐会明晚将进行现场直播。broadcast和concert是动宾关系，故用被动语态。5.restrictive句意：他自谋职业是因为他觉得为别人打工限制性太强。restrictive限制性的；约束的。6.frequently句意：高收入父母倾向于让孩子更频繁地玩拼图，玩拼图的男孩和女孩都有更好的空间感。所填词修饰动词play，故用副词形式。7.comprehensive句意：学生们正在进行整学期功课的综合复习。所填的词修饰名词，故用形容词形式。8.Sustainable句意：社会和环境的可持续发展与人类文化密切相关。所填的词修饰名词，故用形容词形式。Ⅳ.1.①that/whichwasfound that/which引导的是定语从句。②foundonfound是过去分词，在句中作定语。2.①Allthathecouldremember that引导的是定语从句。②Whathecouldremember what引导的是主语从句。3.①itisourresponsibility it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式短语是真正的主语。②itourresponsibility it是形式宾语，后面的动词不定式短语是真正的宾语。4.ThereisnodoubtthatthisisthemostsignificantpersonalexperienceIhavebeenthrough. Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问……，that引导的是同位语从句。5.Notonlycanplayingping-pongbuildupyourbodybutitalsoshapesyourcharacter. notonly...位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序。=5\*ROMANV.【语篇解读】本文通过讲述一只北极熊被饿死的事例来引起人们对全球变暖的重视。1.thatThereislittledoubtthat...意为“毫无疑问……”，that引导同位语从句。2.dead所填词修饰名词，所以用形容词形式。3.starvation所填词作介词of的宾语，所以用名词形式。4.anhaveanimpacton对……有影响。5.and根据句意可知，此处表示“和”，所以填and。6.keeps主语是第三人称单数，时态是一般现在时，所以填keeps。7.torise causesth.todo造成某物做……，所以填torise。8.causingnotonly...butalso...连接两个并列成分，根据下文中的costing可知，此处用动词-ing形式。9.Toreduce 此处作目的状语，所以用动词不定式。10.our所填词修饰名词，所以用形容词性物主代词。VI.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了哥伦比亚的一个环保组织WebConserva帮助和鼓励哥伦比亚农民尝试种植咖啡以保护环境。1.C词义猜测题。根据第二段第三句“NowthegroupWeb-Conservahelpslinkcoffeefarmers...theycanearnmore.”可知，WebConserva帮助咖啡种植者与全国各地的加工商建立联系，故画线词they指的是“咖啡种植者”。2.D细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，WebConserva通过鼓励当地居民种植咖啡以拯救圣卢卡斯未开发利用的地区。3.A细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“‘Cuttingdowntheforest...beagoodguardoftheland，’hesaid.”以及第五段最后一句可推知，ArcadioBarajas和ArnobisRomero都在有责任感的家庭。4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，WebConserva有益于生态系统和当地人民的生活。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了西藏自治区有很好的生态监督，生态逐步转好的现象。5.B主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“TheTibetAutonomousRegionhasplacednearlyhalfitslandareaunderthestrictestecologicalsupervision.”可知，西藏自治区接近一半的土地被进行了严格的生态监督，而这也是下文主要讲述的事情。6.C细节理解题。根据第三段“Accordingtothegovernmentworkreport，therateofdayswithgoodairqualityinTibet’scitieshasreached99.4percent...”可知，西藏生态保护的积极影响之一是西藏的空气质量得到改善，更多的日子有优质的空气。7.D细节理解题。根据第四段中的moreruralresidentshavebenefitedfinanciallybyundertakingpart-timeecologicalprotectionwork可知，通过生态保护工作，居民可以赚到额外的钱。8.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“TheplacewhereIworkisinano-man’sland，andIthinkit’sveryimportanttoprotecttheanimalstherewithoutaffectin