新高考英语二轮复习题型专练08 故事叙述类阅读理解(原卷版)

高考英语二轮复习题型专练（新高考）08专练08故事叙述类阅读理解【命题意图】阅读理解从能力的角度来讲，考查学生运用英语的能力，具体地说，就是通过阅读有关文章提取有用信息的能力。【考试方向】记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读此类文章应特别注意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生，发展，高潮和结局；（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；（3）若是＂逸闻趣事＂，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。【得分要点】高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有可能大大提高。要熟练掌握记叙文的阅读技巧，了解记叙文的写作特点与命题特点也是有必要的。一、记叙文写作特点记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓＂一篇之妙，在于落句＂。二、记叙文命题特点从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。三、记叙文答题技巧一把钥匙开一把锁。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。No.1顺藤摸瓜记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what,who,when,where,why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。No.2左顾右盼在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。No.3刨根问底如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如＂Whatcanbeinferredfrom…?＂或是Whatdoestheauthorimplyin…?＂之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。No.4拨云见日每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。这时，你不仅需要＂左顾右盼＂，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后拨开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案。【真题再现】【2020年1月·浙江卷，A】Ineverknewanyonewho’dgrownupinJacksonwithoutbeingafraidofMrs.Callowayourlibrarian.SheranJackson’sCarnegieLibraryabsolutelybyherself.SILENCEinbigblackletterswasonsignshungeverywhere.Ifshethoughtyouweredressedimproperly,shesentyoustraightbackhometochangeyourclothes.Iwaswilling；Iwoulddoanythingtoread.MymotherwasnotafraidofMrs.Calloway.Shewishedmetohavemyownlibrarycardtocheckoutbooksformyself,Shetookmeintointroduceme.“Eudoraisnineyearsoldandhasmypermissiontoreadanybookshewantsfromtheshelves,childrenoradults,”Mothersaid.Mrs.Callowaymadeherownrulesaboutbooks.Youcouldnottakebackabooktothelibraryonthesamedayyou`dtakenitout；itmadenodifferencetoherthatyou’dreadeverywordinitandneededanothertostart.Youcouldtakeouttwobooksatatimeandtwoonly.Sotwobytwo,IreadlibrarybooksasfastasIcouldgo,rushingthemhomeinthebasketofmybicycle.FromtheminuteIreachedourhouse,Istartedtoread.Iknewthiswasextremehappiness,knewitatthetime.Mymothersharedthisfeelingofmine.Now,Ithinkofherasreadingsomuchofthetimewhiledoingsomethingelse.IrememberherreadingamagazinewhiletakingthepartoftheWolfinagameof"LittleRedRidingHood"withmybrother'stwodaughters.She'djustlookupattherighttime,longenoughtoanswer–incharacter–"Thebettertoeatyouwith,mydear,"andgobacktoherplaceinthemagazinearticle.21.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribedMrs.Calloway?A.diet. B.Strict. C.Humorous. D.Considerate.22.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"thisfeeling"refertointhelastparagraph?A.Desiretoread. B.LoveforMrs.Calloway.C.Interestingames. D.Fearofthelibraryrules.23.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.guidebook. B.anautobiography. C.anewsreport. D.bookreview.【答案】21.B22.A23.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要内容为作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样拥有对读书的渴望。21.推理判断题。根据第一段中Ineverknewanyonewho’dgrownupinJacksonwithoutbeingafraidofMrs.Callowayourlibrarian.（我从来没见过哪个在杰克逊长大的人不害怕我们的图书管理员卡洛维夫人）以及SILENCEinbigblackletterswasonsignshungeverywhere.Ifshethoughtyouweredressedimproperly,shesentyoustraightbackhometochangeyourclothes.（到处都挂着牌子，上面用黑色的大字写着“肃静”。如果她认为你穿得不合适，她会直接让你回家换衣服）可知Mrs.Calloway很严格。故选B。22.词义猜测题。根据下文Now,Ithinkofherasreadingsomuchofthetimewhiledoingsomethingelse.（现在，我觉得她在做其他事情的同时，也在阅读）可知作者的妈妈也非常喜欢阅读，故作者的母亲渴望读书和作者是一样的。故划线短语意思为“渴望读书”。故选A。23.推理判断题。结合文章主要内容可知，作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样渴望读书。故可推测文章可能来自于一份自传。故选B。【题型演练】1Jeanisabrightyoungwomanwhocomesfromarichandfamousfamily.Shegoestoagooduniversityandhaseverythingthatmoneycanbuy.Well,almosteverything.TheproblemisthatthepeopleinJean'sfamilyaresobusythattheycanhardlyfindtimetobewithher.Infact,Jeanisquitelonely.SoJeanspendsalotoftimeonherQQ.Shelikesbeinganonymous(匿名),talkingtopeoplewhodonotknowaboutherfamousfamilyandherrichlife.SheusesthenameLindaonQQandhasmadealotoffriendswhoshekeepsintouchwithquiteoften.LastyearJeanmadeaveryspecialfriendonQQ.HisnamewasDavidandlivedinSanFrancisco.Davidwasfullofstoriesandjokes.HeandJeanhadacommon(共同的)interestinrockmusicandmoderndance.SoitalwaystookthemhourstotalkhappilyonQQandsometimestheyevenforgottheirtime.Ofcourse,theywantedtoknowmoreabouteachother.Davidsentapictureofhimself:Hewasatall,good-lookingyoungmanwithabig,happysmile.Astimewentby,theybecamegoodfriendsandoftensentcardsandsmallthingstoeachother.WhenJean'sfathertoldherthathewasgoingonabusinesstriptoSanFrancisco,sheaskedhimtolethergowithhimsothatshecouldgiveDavidasurpriseforhisbirthday.ShewouldtakehimthelatestDVDoftheirfavoriterocksinger.ButwhensheknockedonDavid'sdoorinSanFrancisco,shefoundthatherspecialfriendwasatwelve-year-oldboynamedJim!1.JeanspendsalotofhertimeonQQbecausesheis_______.A.rich B.famousC.young D.lonely2.Jeanthought“David”wasspecialbecausehe_______.A.madeherquitehappyonQQ B.wasfromSanFranciscoC.sentherapictureofhimself D.wastallandgood-looking3.WhenJeanand“David”metandintroducedthemselvestoeachother,whofeltsurprised?A.“David” B.Both“David”andJean.C.Jean. D.Neither“David”norJean.4.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Don'tbelievethoseyougettoknowonQQsoeasily.B.Peopledon'tusetheirrealnamesonQQsooften.C.Don'tgotomeetthoseyougettoknowonQQ.D.PeopleshouldtelltheirrealnamestoothersonQQ.2Acampaign（活动）isbeinglaunchedtoencouragechildrentogiveup30minutesofscreentimeadaytoheadforthegreatoutdoors.ThenewlyformedWildNetwork—acooperationofnearly400organisations---istryingtoattractteenagersawayfromtelevisionandcomputerscreenandintofields,woodsandparks.OrganiserssaythatitistheUK'sbiggestevercampaigntoreconnectchildrenwithnatureandoutdoorplay,andthatitcouldhelpimprovefitness,mental（精神的）healthandgeneralwellbeing.Adocumentaryfilm,ProjectWildThing,willannouncethelaunchatmorethan50cinemasacrosstheUKfromFriday.Itlooksattheincreasinglyweaklinkbetweenchildrenandnature.AndySimpson,chairmanoftheWildNetwork,said:"Thesadtruthisthatkidshavelosttouchwithnature.Timespentoutdoorsisdown,activityareasandlevelsarefallingstronglyandtheabilitytoidentifycommonspecies（物种）hasbeenlost."Suggestionsofhowtogetmoretimeinnatureincludecampingorracingandobservingautumncolourontreesandsoon.FromJanuary,thenetworkwillaimtomakesuggestionstopoliticiansonhowgovernmentcandomoretogetchildrenmuddy（沾满泥污的）andbright¬-eyed.Thisisnotthefirsttimethemessageoflessscreen,moreplayhasbeenbroughtup.Childreninthe1980swereaskedtodothesamebytheBBCTVseriesWhyDon'tYou,whichsomewhatconfusinglycalledonitsviewersto"switchoffyourTVset,anddosomethinglessboringinstead".5.Thepurposeofthecampaignistocallonkids____________.A.toloveanimals B.toplayoutdoorsC.togiveupscreens D.toprotectnature6.WhatmaymakeAndySimpsonsad?A.Kids'disabilitytonamesomecreatures.B.ThefallingdurationofRids'vacations.C.Strictrulesonkids'outdooractivities.D.Thedisappearanceofcommonspecies.7.Whatdoesthenetworkappealtothegovernmenttodo?A.Reconnectkidswithnature. B.Providekidswithmoremud.C.Takemeasurestoprotectkids. D.Payattentiontoeyeprotection.8.WhydoestheauthormentiontheBBCTVseries?A.TotellthedevelopmentofBBCTVseries.B.Toprovetherecognitionofhissuggestion.C.ToshowtheTVseriescausedconfusion.D.TocomparepresentTVserieswitholdones.3Thesignsappearedpracticallyovernight.They’dbeenplantedeverywhere—infrontofhomes,alongsidewalks,aroundthelocalhighschool.Eachfeaturedjustafewupliftingwordsinsimpleblacktype:“Don’tGiveUp,”“YouAreWorthyofLove,”“YourMistakesDoNotDefineYou.”ThehighschoolinNewberg,Oregon,hadlostfourstudentsandthreeformergraduatestokillthemselvesthatyear,sothetownof25,000instantlyunderstoodthemessages.AmyWolffhaddoneso,inpart,becauseshe’dlostherownteenagebrotherinanaccidentabout20yearsearlier.Itwascompassion(同情)forcompassion’ssake.YetasWolffsawthedeepemotionhersigninspiredinherneighbors,shedecidedtostepforwardtosharehermessagepublicly.Instantly,herinboxwasfloodedwithrequestsformoresigns.Sincethen,theDon’tGiveUpMovementhasspreadfromNewbergtotheheartsandyardsofpeopleineverystate.Wolffchargesonlythecostofmaterialsandshipping.“It’saterriblebusinessdecisionifwewantedtofunctionlikeabusiness,”shesays.ChrisanneMogercommentedononeofthemovement’spostsabouttheneedforoneparticularsign,“We’reAllinThisTogether.”ShethoughtitwouldreallyspeaktoaworldhuddlingtogetherunderthecloudofCOVID-19.Wolffagreed,andshereceived750orderswithinaweekofitscreation.AmotherinColorado,unabletotravelduringthequarantine(隔离),contactedtheorganizationafterherstepson’ssuddendeath.“Isawoneofyoursignsrecentlyanditwasatouchingmessagefromabovetohangon.”shewrote.Awareoftheaddedemotionalchallengesisolationbrings,theDon’tGiveUpMovementhassinceofferedtosendhandwrittenlettersofsupporttoanyoneinquarantinewhoneedsit.9.WhydidthesignssuddenlyappeareverywhereinNewberg?A.Theyfeaturedsomeinspiringwords.B.Thehighschoolhadlostseveralstudents.C.Theyconveyedsimplemessages.D.TheoutbreakofCOVID-19scaredpeople.10.WhatdoyouknowabouttheDon’tGiveUpMovement?A.Itisanon-profitorganization.B.Itmetallrequestsofneighbors.C.Itgraduallywontheheartsofpeople.D.ItwasstartedinhonorofAmy’sbrother.11.Whateffectdothemessagesfromthepostshave?A.Theybringemotionalchallenges.B.Theyoffergreatencouragement.C.TheyprovideinformationforCOVID-19.D.Theyimproveinterpersonalrelationships.12.WhatdoyouthinkofAmyWolff?A.She’sactiveandopen-minded. B.She’stalkativeandsociable.C.She’sdecisiveandambitious. D.She’sselflessanddevoted.4Ourhousewasacrossthestreetfromahospital.Werentedtheupstairsroomstooutpatientsattheclinic.OnesummereveningasIwaspreparingsupper,therewasaknockatthedoor.Iopenedittoseeatrulyawfullookingmanhardlytallerthanmyeight-year-olddaughter.Butthefrighteningthingwashisswollenface.Hetoldmehe’dbeenhuntingforaroomsincenoonbutnooneseemedtohavearoom.ForamomentIhesitated,buthisnextwordsconvincedme:“Icouldsleepontheporch（门廊）.Mybusleavesearlyinthemorning.”Iwentinsideandfinishedgettingsupper.Whenwewereready,Iaskedhimtojoinus.“Nothankyou.Ihaveplenty.”Andheheldupabrownpaperbag.WhenIhadfinishedthedishes,Iwentouttotalkwithhimafewminutes.Hetoldmehefishedforalivingtosupporthisdaughter,whowashopelesslydisabled,andherfivechildren.Hedidn’ttellitbywayofcomplaint;infact,hewasgratefulthatnopainaccompaniedhisdisease.Hethankedlifeforgivinghimthestrengthtokeepgoing.Atbedtime,weputacampsmallbedinthechildren’sroomforhim.WhenIgotupinthemorning,thebedlinenswereneatlyfoldedandthelittlemanwasoutontheporch.Herefusedbreakfast,butjustbeforeheleft,hesmiled,“Yourchildrenmademefeelathome.Grownupsarebotheredbymyface,butchildrendon’tseemtomind.”Itoldhimhewaswelcometocomeagain.Intheyearshecametostayovernightwithustherewasneveratimethathedidnotbringusfishorvegetables.Othertimeswereceivedpackages.Knowingthathemustwalkthreemilestomailthese,andknowinghowlittlemoneyhehadmadethegiftsmoreprecious.Iknowourfamilyalwayswillbegratefultohaveknownhim;fromhimwelearnedwhatitwastoacceptthebadwithoutcomplaintandthegoodwithgratitude.13.Whatactuallyledtotheoldman’sfailuretogetaroombefore?A.Hisfishingjob. B.Hisuglyappearance.C.Hisdisableddaughter. D.Hislackofmoney.14.Whydidtheauthorfinallyaccepttheoldman?A.Hewasinverybadcondition.B.Hemightattackherunlessaccepted.C.Hewouldn’tbotherthemtoomuch.D.Theauthorhadabigfamilytosupport.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Theoldmanoftencametoaskforhelpeversince.B.Theoldmanactuallydidn’teatanythingforsupper.C.Itwasnoteasyfortheoldmantosendtheauthorgifts.D.Theauthor’shelptaughttheoldmantoliveindependently.16.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Apreciousgift!B.Asilentcomplaint!C.Astubbornfisherman!D.Anincrediblemeeting!5AfightlastmonthbetweenCampinasandSaoJosedoRioPretoinsouthernBrazilbecamethesceneofaspontaneous(自发的)actofkindnessthatspreadonsocialmedianetworks.AccordingtothewebsiteAeroin.net,apassengernamedSirlandiaDiasPereirawastravelingwithhersonCaleb,whosufferedfromheartfailureandbadaheartmurmur(杂音).Duringtheflight,shetoldthepassengernexttoher,AlexPontes,thatshewastravelingsohersoncouldbehospitalized.Shealsoexplainedthatshewasrelyingonthecharityofothersforlivingquarters.Thepassengertalkedtothecrewoftheairlineandaskedtousetheairplane'sloudspeaker,invitingtheothertravelerstocontributetoaspontaneouscollectiontohelpthemotherandherson.“Allofuswouldliketofindanangeltohelpus.Thoseofuswhofeelmovedtodos0,let'shelpthismothertotakealittlesomethingwithher.alittlesomethingwehaveandcanshare,"hesaid.Inamatterofminutes,passengersofferedatotalworthnear$400whichgoesalotfurtherinBrazilthanintheUSA),plusapplauseforthemother,whowasthrilledwiththehelpandrepeatedlyexpressedhergratitudetothepassengers.Thesitethatfirstsharedthestorylaterupdatedthearticle,addingthatCalebwentthroughsurgeryandWasrecoveringwell.ThewebsiteRazoesParaAcreditarreportedthatthestorycaughttheattentionofBrazilinTVpersonalityLucianoHuck,whostartedacrowdfundingcampaigntohelpthefamily.Thisstoryjustgoestoshowthatakindactcangoalongwaytowardsmakinganimportantdifferenceinsomeone'slife.Therearepeopleinneedallaroundus,Let'snotletthesechancestohelpotherspassusby!17.Whywasthemothertraveling?A.Togethersicksontreated, B.TolookforlivingquartersC.Toexperiencetakingaplane, D.Topickuphersonfromhospital.18.WhatdidAlexPontesdoforthemotherontheplane?A.Hegaveher$400byhimself, B.Hecalledfordonationforher,C.Heexchangedhisseatwithher, D.Hehelpedherattendtoherson,19.WhydidLaucianoHuckdecidetohelpthemotherandherson?A.Hewasoneofthewitnessesontheplane. B.Hewantedtomakehimselfwell-known.C.Hewasinspiredbythespontaneousact. D.HeWasaskedtoofferassistancebythem.20.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tospeakhighlyofakindpassenger. B.Toaskustocommunicatewithothers.C.Toshowtheimportanceoffirstaid. D.Toencourageustohelpthoseinneed.6WhenIwasincollege,amannamedHenryworkedasacustodian(看门人)inourstudentunionbuilding.White-haired,withaPennsylvaniaDutchaccent,Henrycouldusuallybeseeninabaseballcap,aT-shirtandapairofjeans.Hewasthecustodian,andhewasthemostrespectedandmostwell-knownpersoninthebuilding.EveryonelovedHenry,anditwasbecauseofalltheimplicitwaysheexpressedhisloveforeveryonearoundhim.Henrydidn’thavetosay,“Iloveyou.”Helive