专题26数词情态动词

专题26数词&情态动词（解析版）一、了解数词的分类和用法二、掌握情态动词的相关考点考点1数词的分类和用法一）、基数词的构成百位数和十位数（或个位数）之间用and连接。如：608sixhundredandeight,732sevenhundredandthirtytwo四位数及以上的基数词读法为：先将数字从右向左每三位加一个逗号，第一个逗号读thousand（千），第二个逗号读million（百万），第三个逗号读billion（十亿），读数时从左向右依次读出来。如：7,003seventhousandandthree80,690 eightythousand,sixhundredandninety9,911,120ninemillion,ninehundredandeleventhousand,onehundredandtwenty2,100,010,001twobillion,onehundredmillion,tenthousandandone二）、基数词的用法1、表顺序。由单数名词+基数词，此时名词和基数词第一个字母大写。如：ClassOne,RoomFive,LessonTen,Page108,No.9MiddleSchool2、确数与概数的表达确数：基数词+计数单位的单数（hundred,thousand,million,billion）+名词复数Therearesixhundredworkersinthisfactory.注意：hundred,thousand,million,billion用单数例如：severalhundredstudents几百个学生概数：计数单位的复数（hundreds,thousands,millions,billions）+of+名词的复数例如：ThousandsofvisitorshaveetoHangzhouinthelasttwoweeks.注意：twohundredofthestudents学生中的两百个3、“整十”的基数词的复数形式可用于表示“几十年代”inthe1960s在二十世纪六十年代4、“another+基数词+名词复数”=“基数词+more+名词（复数）”表示在已有的基础上再增加一定的数量，意思是“再、又、还”。Heateanothertwocakes.=Heatetwomorecakes.他又吃了两块蛋糕。Weneedonemorehourtofinishthework.=Weneedanotherhourtofinishthework.我们还需一小时来完成这项工作。5.表示钟点：5：45，写作fivefortyfive或aquartertosix。6.表示年龄：表示某人几岁的确切年龄，用“基数词+yearsold”或“基数词+ofage”或“attheageof+基数词”，也可直接用基数词；表示某人几十多岁这样的大概年龄，用“inone’s+表整十的基数词的复数形式(如tens，twenties，thirties等)"来表达。7.表示编号：可在基数词前加number，简写为No．，如：“第八”写作No．8。与普通名词可以构成专有名词，如：108房间写作Room108；用于号码或车辆的号牌(用基数词逐个念，0念字母O)。三）、序数词的构成1、第一到第三需逐个记忆:first,second,third2、第四到第十九，特殊的是：fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth。3、2090之间“第几十”的序数词由相应的基数词去掉y加ieth构成。twentieth,thirtieth,fortieth,fiftieth,sixtieth,seventieth,eightieth,ninetieth4、2199之间的“第几十几”的序数词，前面的十位数用基数词，后面的个位用序数词，中间用连词符连接。如：twentyfirst,twentyninth,seventyeighth。5、对比以下序数的写法：fourth,fourteenth,fortieth ninth,nineteenth,ninetieth11th,12th,13th 21st,22nd,23rd,几个常考的不规则变化序数词需注意：ninth，twelfth，fortieth，ninetieth等。四）、序数词的用法1、序数词表顺序时，前要加定冠词the，有物主代词或名词所有格不需要加the。Thesecondpictureisverybeautiful.第二幅图很漂亮。Todayisgrandma’s_____ninetieth_________(ninety)birthday.Heisalwaysthefirst___toe_______(e)toschoolinourclass.2、表示考试或比赛等的名次时，通常不加冠词。Hecame_____fourth_____(four)inthedrawingpetition.3、序数词前也可以用不定冠词a/an,表示“再一，又一”。I’vetriedtwice,butI’lltryathirdtime.我已经试过两次了，但我将再试一次。4、表日期中的“日”：2009年7月6日July6th,20095、分数的表达：分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于一，分母加s如：2/3的学生twothirdsofthestudents.（分子大于一，分母加s）1/3的学生onethirdofthestudents.（分子在一以下，分母不加s）如：a(=one)third

三分之一

onefifth

五分之一twothirds

/

twothirds

三分之二

threefourths/

threefourths

四分之三Twothirds/Twothirdsofthetreeswerecutdowntenyearsago.10年前三分之二的树木被砍伐了。

（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）It’soneofthethreemostimportantlunarfestivalsinChina,alongwiththeSpringFestivalandtheMidAutumnFestival.TheDragonBoatFestivaltakesplaceonthe____42____(twentytwo)ofJunethisyear.【答案】42.twentysecond【解析】句意：端午节在今年六月二十二日举行。此处表示“六月二十二日”，用序数词表示。故填twentysecond。（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）52.Myunclelivesinatown________kilometersfromYangzhou.(十五)【答案】fifteen【解析】句意：我叔叔住在离扬州十五公里远的一个镇上。fifteen“十五”，是基数词，此处表示数量，应用基数词，故填fifteen。（2022·江苏淮安·中考真题）49.Lisagotthe_________(two)placeintheChineseKungfupetition.【答案】second【解析】句意：丽莎在中国功夫比赛中获得第二名。此处在句中作定语修饰place，用序数词second，故填second。（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）5.—Peopleinourtownplanted________treesonTreePlantingDay.—Goodjob!Everyonecandosomethingtomakeourtowngreener.A.hundred B.hundredof C.hundreds D.hundredsof【答案】D【解析】句意：——我们镇上的人在植树节那天种了数百棵树。——干得好！每个人都可以做些事情让我们的城市变得更绿色。考查hundred用法。空前没有具体的数字，是概数的表达，应用hundredsof“数百”表示，故选D。（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）51.InthetwelveChineseanimalsigns,theTigeristhe________（第三）inorder.【答案】third【解析】句意：在十二生肖中，老虎排在第三位。third“第三”，是序数词，表示顺序，故填third。（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）59.Beijing,thecapitalofChina,isworld’s________(one)citytohostOlympicGamestwice.【答案】first【解析】句意：中国首都北京是世界上第一个两次举办奥运会的城市。根据“citytohostOlympicGamestwice”可知，此处是指第一个两次举办奥运会的城市，表示顺序用序数词first“第一”。故填first。（2022·江苏盐城·中考真题）62.Grandpaisinhis________(ninety),butheisstillwillingtolearnnewthings.【答案】nineties【解析】句意：虽然爷爷已经九十几岁了，但他仍然愿意学习新东西。ninety“九十”，基数词。根据“inhis”可知，inone’s+基数词复数“在某人……岁时”，故此处应用ninety的复数形式，由于其是以辅音字母+y结尾，故变复数时，是变y为i加es。故填nineties。（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）53.________minutesaftersheleft,itstartedtosnowheavily.（三十）【答案】Thirty【解析】句意：她离开三十分钟后，天开始下大雪。三十：thirty，此处表示数量，用基数词，放句首首字母大写。故填Thirty。单项选择1.Thechairpersonreceivedaboutthree______applicationstojointheBirdwatchingClub.A.hundred B.hundredsof C.hundredof D.hundreds2.Theactionfilmhasattractedmillionsofyoungpeopletothecinema.A.130minute B.130minutes C.130minute D.130minutes3.Ourschoolissofamousthatpeopleeandvisititeveryterm.A.hundredB.hundredsC.hundredofD.hundredsof4.—Thereismilkinthefridge.Pleasebuysomeonyourwayhome.—Allright.A.muchB.manyC.littleD.few5.Somewordpuzzlesinthisbookare____difficultthat_____studentscansolvethem.A．such;fewB.such;littleC.so;fewD.so;little6.howwasyourweekend?Great!Itwasmygrandfather’s_______birthday.Weenjoyedourselves.A.seventyB.seventiethC.theseventiethD.seventeenth7.—Doyouknowthattherearemanydifferent_____animalsinthezoo?—Yes,Ido.AndIalsoknowthatsomeofthemare_____scaring.kindsof;kindofB.kindsof;kindsofC.kindof;kindsofD.kindof;kindof8.Iamverythirsty.Couldyoupleasegiveme______water?A.someB.littleC.manyD.other9.Pleaseturntopage__________andlookatthe____________pictureinthisunit.A.twentieth;oneB.twenty;oneC.twentieth;firstD.twenty;first10.Didyouknowthattheearthishometo_____animals?AmillionB.millionsC.millionofD.millionsof【答案】AADCCBAADD考点2情态动词的考点情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪，态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词的原形构成谓语。情态动词数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有下列：can(could),may(might),must,need,oughtto,shall(should),will(would)。1.情态动词can和could的主要用法（1）表示能力，意为“能，会”。Canyouswim?你能游泳吗？Hisgrannyisovereightybutstillcanreadwithoutglasses.他的奶奶虽然八十多岁了，但是仍旧不用戴眼镜能够阅读。注意：can和beableto表示“能力”时的区别：can只有现在式和过去式两种形式，而beableto除了现在式和过去式，还有将来式和完成式等多种形式。Shewillbeabletohelpyoutomorrowafternoon.明天下午她将能帮助你。ThisistheinformationthatIhavebeenabletogetsofar.这是我到目前为止能得到的信息。（2）表示“许可，允许”。can和could没有时态上的区别，could比can在语气上更客气；在回答could引导的一般疑问句时要用can。Could/Canyoutellmethewaytotherailwaystation?你能告诉我去火车站的路吗？—CouldIuseyourpen?我可以用你的钢笔吗？—Yes,ofcourseyoucan.是，当然你可以。（3）表示“可能”，can多用于否定句和疑问句。Weknowthataputercan’tthinkforitself.我们知道计算机不可能自己思考。Canshestillbealiveafteralltheseyears?这些年过后，她仍旧可能活着吗？’（4）表示否定推测，意为“不可能”。Theshyboycan’tbeourmonitor.那个腼腆的男孩不可能是我们的班长。2.情态动词may和might的主要用法（1）表示许可，意为“可以”。might比may语气上更客气，更委婉。在回答may和might引导的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用may，否定回答要用mustn’t。—May/MightIgonow?我可以现在去吗？—Yes,youmay./No,youmustn’t.是，你可以。/不，你一定不要。May/MightIhaveatalkwithyou?我可以和你聊聊吗？（2）表示可能性，意为“可能”，might的可能性比较小。Youmay/mightwalkformilesherewithoutmeetinganyone.你可能在这走数英里都见不到任何人。Hemay/mightbesick.他可能是病了。（3）表示对可能的情况推测，might的可能性比较小。Thatwomangoesintotheclassroom.Shemay/mightbeourteacher.那个妇女进了教室，她可能是我们的老师。Theymight/mayhavegoneoutatthattime.在那个时候，他们可能出去了。（4）表示祝愿。（may+名词或代词+动词）Mayyousucceed!祝你成功！3.情态动词must的主要用法（1）must表示“必须”，“应该”，否定式mustnot/mustn’t表示“不准”，“禁止”。在回答must引导的一般疑问句时，否定回答要用needn’t或don’thaveto。Theworkmustbefinishedassoonaspossible.工作必须尽可能快得完成。Youmustn’tswimhere，becauseit’sdangerous.你一定不要在这游泳，因为很危险。—MustIbehomebeforeteno’clock?十点钟，我必须在家吗？—No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.不，你不必一定在。（2）表示肯定推测，意为“一定，肯定”。Youmustbehungryaftersuchalongwalk.漫长的步行后，你一定是饿了。Ididn’thearthephone.Imusthavebeenasleep.我没有听到那个。我一定是睡着了。注意：must和haveto的区别must表示说话人的主观看法，而haveto表示客观需要，而haveto有多种形式，可用于不同时态。Asastudent,Imuststudyveryhard.作为一个学生，我必须努力学习。Ihavetobeatmyofficebeforeeighteverymorning.每天早上八点之前，我必须在我的办公室。4.情态动词need的主要用法（1）need作情态动词一般用于疑问句、否定句和条件句。need无人称变化，后接动词原形，意思是“需要”。在回答need引导的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t。Heneedn’tdothat.他不需要那样做。—Needyougonow?你需要现在去吗？—Yes,Imust./No,Ineedn’t.是，我必须（现在去）。/不，我不需要。（2）need可用作行为动词，用法与其他的行为动词一样。Weneedtothinkitover.我们需要仔细考虑。Doesheneedtogonow?他需要现在去吗？Shedidn’tneedtoknowit.她不需要知道它。5.情态动词shall的主要用法shall用作情态动词，用于第二和第三人称，表示说话人的意愿，有“命令”，“警告”，“允诺”的意思。在疑问句中，shall用来征询对方的意见或请求指示，多用于第一人称。YoushalldoasIsay.你应该按照我说得做。Shallwetakeawalkafterdinner?我们饭后去散步好吗？Let’sgohometogether,shallwe?让我们一起回家，好吗？6.情态动词should的主要用法（1）表示“应该”，说话人主观上认为的责任和义务，可用于所有人称。Youshouldkeepyourpromiseonceyoumakeit.你一旦许诺，就应该兑现。（2）shouldhavedone表示过去应该做而实际上没有做的事，而shouldn’thavedone表示过去不应该做而实际上已经做了的事。It’seleveno’clock.Heshouldhavearrivedherebynow.十一点钟了。他应该不晚于现在到这。Youshouldn’thavetoldanyoneaboutthat.你本不该告诉任何人关于那事。7.情态动词oughtto的主要用法表示“应该”，没有人称和时态的变化，只有一种形式。否定形式为oughtnotto（缩写形式为oughtn’tto），疑问形式为ought+主语+to+动词原形。Yououghttodoitnow.你应该现在就做。—Oughtwetogotherenow?我们应该现在就去那吗？—Yes,youought(to).是，你应该去。—No,yououghtnot(to).不，你不该去。8.情态动词would的主要用法would是will的过去式，表示过去的“意志”，“愿望”，用于各个人称。用于陈述句和疑问句中还表示说话人的意愿或向对方提出请求，语气比will委婉。Shesaidthatshewoulddothatwhateverhappened.她说无论发生什么她都愿意做。IpromisedyouthatIwoulddomybesttohelpyou.我保证过我将尽力帮助你。—Wouldyoulikesomeapples?你想吃苹果吗？—Yes,I’dliketo.是的，我想吃。Iwouldliketogowithyoutonight.今晚我想和你一起去。（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）4.Whenyouhavefixedthistypeoflock，you________takeakeywithyou.Youcanopenthedoorwithyourfingerprint.A.shouldn’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.can’t【答案】B【解析】句意：你把这种锁修好后，就不必带钥匙了。你可以用指纹把门打开。考查情态动词。shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能。根据“Youcanopenthedoorwithyourfingerprint.”可知可以用指纹把门打开，所以不必带钥匙。故选B。（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）4.Earthquakescanbeverydangerous.We________learntoprotectourselves.A.might B.should C.could D.would【答案】B【解析】句意：地震可能非常危险。我们应该学会保护自己。考查情态动词。might可能；should应该；could能；would将。根据“We...learntoprotectourselves.”可知此处是表示建议，我们应该学会保护自己，故选B。（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）11.IfafootballteamwantstoentertheWorldCup,it________beeamemberofFIFAfirst.A.may B.must C.can D.might【答案】B【解析】句意：如果一支足球队想进入世界杯，就必须首先成为国际足联的成员。考查情态动词。may可能；must必须；can能；might可能。根据“IfafootballteamwantstoentertheWorldCup,it...beeamemberofFIFAfirst”可知想要进入世界杯，必须先成为国际足联的成员。故选B。（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）6.Accordingtothetrafficrules,people________rideebikeswithoutwearinghelmets.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.maynot D.mightnot【答案】A【解析】句意：根据交通规则，人们禁止骑电动车不戴头盔。考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；maynot可能不；mightnot可能不。根据“Accordingtothetrafficrules”可知是规则，结合常识可知禁止骑电动车不戴头盔。故选A。（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）9.Oh,eon!________youdoubteverythingIsay?I’mnotathreeyearold!A.Can’t B.Can C.Mustn’t D.Must【答案】D【解析】句意：哦，别这样！你非得要怀疑我所说的一切吗？我不是三岁小孩！考查情态动词的用法。Can’t不能；Can能；Mustn’t禁止；Must偏要，非得。根据“...youdoubteverythingIsay?I’mnotathreeyearold!”可知，此处是抱怨的语气，“你非得要怀疑我所说的一切吗”，用must表示“偏要、非得”。故选D。（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）5.Thenewappaboutfashionisreallyfreeandyou________paymoneyforit.A.may B.must C.shouldn’t D.needn’t【答案】D【解析】句意：这款关于时尚的新应用程序真的是免费的，你不需要付费。考查情态动词。may可以；must必须；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不需要。根据“Thenewappaboutfashionisreallyfree”可知，这款app是免费的，不需要付费。故选D。（2022·江苏常州·中考真题）4.Toachieveourdream,we________restonwhatwehavedone.A.maynot B.shouldnot C.neednot D.couldnot【答案】B【解析】句意：为了实现我们的梦想，我们不应该依靠我们已经做了的。考查动词辨析。maynot也许不；shouldnot不应该；neednot不需要；couldnot不能。根据“Toachieveourdream,we...restonwhatwehavedone.”可知，此处表示建议，不应该依靠我们已经做了的，故选B。（2022·江苏淮安·中考真题）4.—MissLi.Idon’twanttosaysorrytoDaniel.—I’mafraidyou________.Afterall,youbrokehisglasses.A.may B.haveto C.mustn’t D.needn’t【答案】B【解析】句意：——李小姐。我不想向丹尼尔道歉。——恐怕你必须这么做。毕竟，你打破碎了他的眼镜。考查情态动词。may可能；haveto必须；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要。根据“Afterall,youbrokehisglasses.”可知对方必须要向丹尼尔道歉，故选B。（2022·江苏南通·中考真题）13.Inthelibraryyou________draworwriteinthebooks,oryouwillbefined.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.wouldn’t D.couldn’t【答案】A【解析】句意：在图书馆你不能在书上画画或写字，否则你会被罚款。考查动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；wouldn’t不会；couldn’t不可能。根据“oryouwillbefined.”可知，是禁止在书上画画或写字。故选A。（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）7.—Allofus________followthetrafficruleswhengoingout.—Exactly!Safetyesfirst.A.might B.must C.may D.could【答案】B【解析】句意：——外出时，我们所有人都必须遵守交通规则。——确实！安全第一。考查情态动词辨析。might可能；must必须；may可能；could可能。根据“Allofus…followthetrafficruleswhengoingout”可知，此处指必须遵守交通规则，故选B。（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）5.Weshouldlearnsomebasiclifeskillssincewe________dependonourselvessomeday.A.can B.can’t C.must D.mustn’t【答案】C【解析】句意：既然有一天我们必须要依靠自己，我们就应该学习一些基本的生活技能。考查情态动词。can可以；can’t不会，不可以；must必须；mustn’t不能，不可以。根据“dependonourselvessomeday”可知将来有一天我们必须要依靠自己。“必须”用情态动词must。故选C。（2022·江苏盐城·中考真题）6.Safetyesfirst.Everyoneonthecoach________weartheseatbelt.A.can B.can’t C.must D.mustn`t【答案】C【解析】句意：安全第一。车上的每个人都必须系好安全带。考查情态动词。can能，可以；can’t不能，不会；must必须；mustn’t禁止，不能。根据“Safetyesfirst”和“weartheseatbelt”可知，安全最重要，故必须系好安全带。故选C。单项选择1.DanielbethenewchairpersonoftheStudents’Union?Hebe,butI’mnotsure.A.Can;can’t B.Can;may C.May;must D.May;mustn’t2.CanIgotothepark,Mum?Certainly.Butyou______bebackbysixo’clock.A.canB.mayC.mightD.must3.HowmanyEnglishwordsdoyouthinkIshouldknow?Asmanyasyou______.Thenyouwillfindreadingquiteeasy.A.willB.mustC.canD.might4.Canwerunacrosstheroadnow?No,we.We________waituntilthelightturnsgreen.A.needn’t;mustB.mustn’t;havetoC.couldn’t;havetoD.shouldn’t;must5.Idon’tcarewhatmyteachersthink．Well,you________．A.couldB.wouldC.shouldD.might6.Itdoesn’tlooklikerain,soyoubringyourumbrellawithyou.A.shouldn’tB.mustn’tC.can’tD.needn’t【答案】BDCBCD单项选择()1.一WeletoLosAngeles.Haveyoueverbeenhere?一Sure.Ivisitedthiscitythreeyearsagosothisismytimehere.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth()2.一Howmanyhoursdoyousleepeverynight?一Abouthours.From9;00p.m.to6:00a.m.A.nineB.nineteenC.ninthD.ninety()3.一HaveyouheardofTFBOYS?一Certainly.Aboutteenagerslovethemverymuchinourschool.A.hundredsB.twohundredsofC.twohundredsD.twohundred()4.Hehasfailedtimes,buthewon'tgiveupachance.A.third;fourB.three;fourthC.third;fourth()5.Therearemonthsinayear.Decemberisthemonthofayear.A.twelve;twelveB.twelfth;twelfthC.twelve;twelfthD.twelfth;twelve()6.一Ifyourparentswantedtohaveachild,wouldyouagree?一Ofcourse.Buttheyshouldmakeitinyears'time.A.second;secondB.two;twoC.second;twoD.two;second()7.Pleaseturntopageandtakealookatthepictureonit.A.theeightiethB.eightiethC.eightiesD.eighty()8.Heclimbedsofastthathereachedfloorintwominutes.A.nineB.thenineC.theninthD.ninth()9.一Howmanyfriendswilletoyourbirthdayparty?一About.A.twelve;twelfthB.twelveth;twelveC.twelfth;twelve()10.Theworkerswillpletethenewbridgein.A.twoandahalfmonthsB.twomonthsandhalfC.twoandahalfmonth()11.Meimeiisgoingtobeanoldersister.Herparentsareplanningtohavetheirchild.A.oneB.twoC.firstD.second()12.一Hi,Andy!Therearefloorsinthisbuilding.Whichfloordoyouliveon?一Iliveonthefloor.A.thirty;twentysecondB.thirty;twentytwoC.thirtieth;twentytwo()13.Kobe'sfanswatchedhisfinalmatchandofthemweremen.A.Millionof;threefourthsB.Threemillions;thirdfourC.Millionsof;threefourthsD.Threemillion;thirdfours()14.July1stofthisyearisthebirthdayoftheCPC(中国共产党).A.ninetyfiveB.ninetiethfifthC.ninetiethfiveD.ninetyfifth()15.一Arecentsurveyshowsthat35outof45studentsinmyclasswillsavetheirphonesfirstinafire.一Aboutofthestudentsmadesuchachoice?Lifeisfarmoreimportant,isn'tit?A.halfB.onethirdC.twothirdsD.threequarters()16.一Whatdoyouthinkoftheenvironmenthere?一Wonderful!ofthelandcoveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifths;isB.Twofifth;isC.Twofifths;areD.Twofifth:are【答案】1～5：B、A、D、B、C6～10：C、D、C、C、A11～16：D、A、C、D、D、A（2023年南京市玄武区中考一模英语试题）B(Scienceandtechnologymakesourschoollifeeasierandbetterthanbefore!WhenyourteachergiveslessonswithhisphoneoriPad,Bluetoothdoeshelpalot.WhatisBluetooth?Readthearticleandfinditout!)Ifyoulookaroundtheroomyouareinrightnow,you’llprobablynoticeanumberofelectronics.Butcanyouimagineiftheyallhadtobejoinedtogetherbywires(电线)?Picturethewiresnakingalongthefloor,forexample,fromyoursmartphonetoyourspeaker,orconnectingyourgamecontrollertotheputerscreen,meaningyoucouldneversitmorethanacoupleofmetersawayfromit.Aworldofelectronicsconnectedbywireswouldn’tjustbeuntidy,butapossibledanger,too.That’swhereBluetoothesin.We’veallheardofit—butwhatexactlyisit?Bluetoothisamethodofshortdistance（短距离）wirelessmunicationbetweenelectronicsthatmakesuseofthepowerofradiowaves.TheideawasfirstthoughtofbyDr.JanpHaartsenatSwedishmobilepanyEricssonin1994.ThingsreallysteppedupinSeptember1998whentheBluetoothSpecialInterestGroup(SIG)wassetuptodevelopandspreadthetechnology.Bluetooth1.0cameoutin1999,andayearlateritbegantobeusedinmobilephonesanddesktopputers.NowBluetoothhasbeeanincreasinglypopularwayofsolvingtheproblemofmoreandmoreelectronicsneedingtobeconnectedwithouthavingtoconnecteverythingtogetherwithwires.Butifyoulookattheremotecontrol（遥控器）youusetochoosetheprogramonTV,youmightrightlyaskyourselfwhyBluetoothwassuchabigdeal.Afterall,connectingobjectswithinfraredsignals（红外信号）whichcan’tbeseenhadbeendonebefore.Theproblemwithremotecontrolsisthattheyneedtokeepwhatiscalled“lineofsight”.Ifsomethingisstandingbetweentheremotecontrolandreceiver,itwon’twork.BecauseBluetoothusesradiowaves,thethingsstandinginthewayarenolongeraproblem.Sinceitscreationinthelate1990s,thetechnologyhasbeemoreandmoreimprovedandwidelyused,withthe4billionthBluetoothobjectsshippedin2020.34.Howdoesthewriterleadinthetopic“Bluetooth”inParagraph1?A.Bydescribingscenes. B.Byparingfacts.C.Bytellingstories. D.Byexplainingreasons.35.WiththesettingupofSIG,Bluetooth________.A.startedtobeusedincars B.maderadiowavesknowntopeopleC.improvedandspreadquickly D.wasabletoconnectallelectronics36.FromParagraph3,wemainlygettoknowthe________ofBluetooth.A.development B.popularity C.standard D.advantage37.________willmostprobablybeinterestedinthistext.A.Phonesellers B.Technologyfans C.Newspaperreporters D.Historylovers【答案】34.A35.C36.D37.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了蓝牙技术的相关信息。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据“Ifyoulookaroundtheroomyouareinrightnow,you’llprobablynoticeanumberofelectronics.Butcanyouimagineiftheyallhadtobejoinedtogetherbywires?Picturethewiresnakingalongthefloor,forexample,fromyoursmartphonetoyourspeaker,orconnectingyourgamecontrollertotheputerscreen,meaningyoucouldneversitmorethanacoupleofmetersawayfromit.Aworldofelectronicsconnectedbywireswouldn’tjustbeuntidy,butapossibledanger,too.That’swhereBluetoothesin.”可知第一段描述了一个由电线连接的电子世界，不仅不整洁，而且也很危险，由此引出了本文的话题——蓝牙，所以作者通过描述一个场景引出话题。故选A。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据“ThingsreallysteppedupinSeptember1998whentheBluetoothSpecialInterestGroup(SIG)wassetuptodevelopandspreadthetechnology.”可知蓝牙特别兴趣小组(SIG)用以开发和传播该技术。故选C。【36题详解】主旨大意题。根据“BecauseBluetoothusesradiowaves,thethingsstandinginthewayarenolongeraproblem.”以及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了蓝牙的优势。故选D。【37题详解】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了蓝牙的发展过程，所以科技爱好者会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选B。

（2023年南通市启东市中考一模英语试题）三、阅读理解(本题共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。APlantingtherightseedsattherighttimewillnottakeaslotsofeffortsaswethink.Andsomeeasygardenvegetablesdogrowthemselveswithlittlecare.Herearefourvegetablesthatareperfectforabackyardgarden.Thereisreallyonlyoneimportantruleforplantinggreenbeans—don’tplantthemtooearly.Theywon’tsurviveafrost(霜)whichcancausetheseedstobeebad.Theymayalsostopproducinginthemiddleofthesummer,butifyouwaterthem,theywillcontinuetoproduceoncethetemperaturesstarttodropinearlyfall.Themorebeansyoupick,themoretheplantwillgrow.Brusselssprouts(抱子甘蓝)—thissweetvegetablecanbegrowninnearlyanyhomegardenwithrichsunlight.Theyhavealonggrowingseasonparedwithothervegetables.Theirtasteimprovesiftheyarecoveredwithfrost.However,theyonlybearafewdaysofcoldweather,sobesuretoharvestthemquickly.Broccoli(西兰花)isacoolweatherplantthatgrowsbestinspringandfall.Ifgrowninwintertoavoidheavyfrost,broccolicanalsobegrownindoorsandmovedtothegardenwhentemperaturesrise.Whenyougrowbroccoli,besuretowatchoutforpests(害虫).Ifyoustartseeingpests,justpickthemoffbyhand.Peasareagreatchoicefornewgardeners.Allyouneedisacontainerthatisatleast10inchesdeepandsomethingfortheplantstoclimb.Theypreferlowertemperaturesandoncetheheatofsummerhits,peaplantswillstopproducing.Ifgardenspaceislimited,youcanpullthemupandreplacepeasinsummerwithanothercropthatlikestheheat.31.Whatcanyoudoifyouwanttoharvestmoregreenbeans?A.Planttheseedsinearliestspring. B.Avoidwateringtheminsummer.C.Collectthemasoftenaspossible. D.Keepthemwarmthroughautumn.32.WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutBrusselssproutsistrue?ATheycanproduceallyearround. B.Theycan’tsurvivealongcoldwinter.C.Theycangrowwellinanygarden. D.Theytastebetterifcoveredwithsnow.33.Whatdobroccoliandpeashaveinmon(共有的)accordingtothepassage?A.Theyenjoycoolweather. B.Theytakeupalotofspace.C.Theycandealwithfrost. D.Theystopgrowinginsummer.【答案】31.C32.B33.A【解析】本文主要介绍了四种适合后院花园种的蔬菜。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“Themorebeansyoupick,themoretheplantwillgrow.”可知，摘的豆子越多，植物就会长得越多。因此如果想收获更多的青豆，就得尽可能多地收集它们。故选C。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据“However,theyonlybearafewdaysofcoldweather,sobesuretoharvestthemquickly.”可知，抱子甘蓝只能忍受几天的寒冷天气。因此可推断，它们无法度过漫长而寒冷的冬天。故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据“Broccoliisacoolweatherplantthatgrowsbestinspringandfall.”和“Peas...Theypreferlowertemperatures,andoncetheheatofsummerhits,peaplantswillstopproducing.”可推断，西兰花和豌豆都喜欢凉爽的天气。故选A。BFiveyearsago,whenZhuQingwas28,hepaidavisittoAfrica.Whiletherehediscoveredthebeautyofthelandaswellasthedifficultiesthelocalyouthwerefacing—educational,economic(经济的)andenvironmentalproblems.Asaglobalaffairs(国际事务)andinternationalpeacestudiesmajor,Zhudidfieldresearchatmorethan10nongovernmentalorganizations(NGOs),nationalforestparks,governmentsandpaniesinsixAfricancountriesincludingKenya,UgandaandSouthAfrica.Hethendecidedtohelpsolvetheserealworldproblemsbysettingupaconsultingfirm(咨询公司)calledPumbaaEco.“Whetheritisagovernment,anNGOoranindividual(个人),theycannotsolveallthesocialproblemsontheirown.Manygapscanbefilledbybusinesspower,inanefficient(高效的)way.”saidZhu.PumbaaEcostartedplentyofprojectstoempoweryoungAfricanpeopleandencourageculturalexchange.TheAfricaTrueStoryisaprojectthataimstodrawthepublic’seyetoAfricaandhelpAfricancontentcreators.Morethan100youngjournalists(记者),environmentalists,scholarsandbusinessworkersinAfricahavetakenpartinit.Theyhavewrittenarticlesandresearchreportsandmadevideosabouttheirlivesorrelatedsocialissues.SomeoftheirworkswerepostedonplatformslikeToutiao,Wechat,ThePaperandtheIFengwebsite.Someworksweresoldtopaniessotheseyoungpeoplecanmakemoneyaswellasexpressthemselves.PumbaaEcohasalsoworkedwithAfricanWildlifeFoundationtoholdwildlifeprotectionforums(论坛),andorganizeddanceandmusicclassesaswellassoccerpetitionsforkidsinslumareas(贫民区).NowtheyareworkingtobuildaninternationalvolunteercenterinNairobi,thecapitalofKenya.“Thecenterwillopenthisspring.Itwillbeaspaceforyouthfromacrosstheworldtomunicateandaplatformforsharingallkindsofprojects.”explainedZhu.“MoreyoungChinesepeoplecanconnecttoAfricamoreeasily,too,whetherthroughecological(生态的)researchtrips,ecotourism(生态旅游)orvolunteeringexperience.”“Imyselfhaveachievedasenseofselffulfillment(自我实现)throughmywork.Ihopemyworkcanhelpmoreyoungpeople,frombothChinaandAfrica,tolivetheirlivestothefullest.”Zhuadded.34.WhatdidZhuQinglearnafterhisfieldresearchinAfrica?A.TherewerenotanyconsultingfirmsinAfrica.B.Africanyouthwerefacingrealworldproblems.C.ThebeautyofAfricacouldattractmanytourists.D.PeopleinAfricadidn’tknowhowtodobusiness.35.Accordingtothepassage,PumbaaEcohelpsAfricansby①attractingthetalentedAfricanpeopletoworkinChina②or