课时04.形容词副词-2023中考英语四轮总复习（学生版）

第四课时形容词和副词形容词和副词是中考的必考点，主要以“用括号中所给词的正确形式填空”的形式考查考生。考查重点主要分布在：①形容词和副词的转换②常见形容词固定搭配③形容词和副词的比较等级④同源副词的词义辨析考点1形容词、副词的句法功能及相互转换1.形容词、副词的句法功能2．名词、动词转化为形容词的后缀后缀例词－ablefort→fortable舒适的fashion→fashionable时髦的suit→suitable合适的forget→forgettable易被忘记的－almusic→musical音乐的person→personal个人的nature→natural自然的－fuldoubt→doubtful怀疑的forget→forgetful健忘的harm→harmful有害的hope→hopeful有希望的peace→peaceful和平的care→careful仔细的－edfrighten→frightened害怕的－ingsurprise→surprising令人吃惊的－ibleterror→terrible可怕的－iveact→active积极的；活跃的effect→effective有效的；生效的attract→attractive有吸引力的－oushumour→humorous幽默的danger→dangerous危险的－yhealth→healthy健康的wind→windy多风的rain→rainy多雨的－erneast→eastern东方的；向东的west→western西方的－ishfool→foolish愚蠢的；可笑的self→selfish自私的【名师指津】以－ed结尾的形容词多表示主语所处的状态，意为“感到……的”，通常修饰人；以－ing结尾的形容词多表示主语所具有的特征，意为“令……的”，通常修饰物或事。3．形容词转化为副词Hemadeaveryinterestingspeechlastweek.他上周做了一次非常有趣的演讲。Listentomecarefully,please.请认真听我说。1.Mygrandparentslive(peace)inthecountrysideandtheylikethelifethere.

2.Atpresent,smartmobilephonesare(wide)usedinourdailylives.

3.Douyin,whichis(sudden)everywhereontheInternet,ismakingitswayintoourlives.

4.It’s(high)possiblethathumanshavetomovetoMarsinthefuture.

5.Onceaweekmybusinesssuitis(smooth)ironed.

考点2形容词、副词的比较等级一、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的词形变化1．规则变化词形分类及变化方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般加－er或－esttalltallertallest以e结尾的，只加－r或－stnicenicernicest以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写该辅音字母再加－er或－estbighotfatbiggerhotterfatterbiggesthottestfattest以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，先变y为i再加－er或－esthappyeasyhappiereasierhappiesteasiest其他双音节词和多音节词在前面加more或mostdifficultmoredifficultmostdifficult2.不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad(badly)/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest二、形容词和副词的比较等级的用法1．平级比较(1)“as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”与“notas/so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”表示同级比较。Thebookisnotso/asdifficultasyouimagine.这本书不是你想象的那么难。(2)as＋形容词＋(a/an)＋名词＋as表同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。Iwatchedhimbeeastenderandcaringafatherashewasason.我看着他从一个温柔、体贴的儿子成长为一个同样温柔、体贴的父亲。2．比较级(1)比较级的常见结构①比较级＋than：表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。Shedoesn’tworkharderthanyou.她工作不如你努力。②more/fewer/less＋名词＋than：比……多/少Ihavemorenewbooksthanmycousin.我的新书比我表弟的新书多。【名师指津】比较级的修饰语有：rather,much，still,any(否定句、疑问句中),even,far,alot，abit,alittle,agreatdeal等。HeismuchtallerthanYaoMing.他比姚明高多了。(2)比较级的特殊结构①The＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..表示“越……，就越……”Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.你越细心，你犯的错误就会越少。②“比较级＋比较级”和“moreandmore＋多音节词原级”表示“越来越……”Ourcitybeesmoreandmorebeautiful.我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。3．最高级(1)表达最高级意义的常见结构主语＋谓语＋the＋最高级＋表示范围的状语(ofthestudents,intheclass等)。Thisappleisthebiggestofthefive.这个苹果是五个苹果中最大的一个。(2)表达最高级意义的特殊结构(比较级形式表示最高级意义)①never...a(n)＋比较级＋可数名词单数Ihaveneverreadabetterbookthanthis.这是我读过的最好的一本书。②否定词＋比较级＝最高级—Areyousatisfiedwithwhathesaidatthemeeting?你对他在会议上说的满意吗？—No.Itcouldn’thavebeenworse.不。再糟糕不过了。③eq\a\vs4\al(主语＋,谓语＋)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(比较级＋than＋anyother＋单数名词,比较级＋than＋alltheother＋复数名词,比较级＋than＋anyoneelse,比较级＋than＋anyoftheother＋复数,名词,比较级＋than＋therestof＋复数名词或,不可数名词))Juliaistallerthananyothergirlinherclass.＝Juliaistallerthanalltheothergirlsinherclass.＝Juliaistallerthananyoftheothergirlsinherclass.＝Juliaistallerthantherestofthegirlsinherclass.＝Juliaisthetallestgirlinherclass.Julia是她班上最高的女生。Ⅰ.单项选择1Joggingisthanmanysports—tostart,justgetsomefortablesportsclothesandgoodrunningshoes.

A.cheap B.cheaperC.cheapest D.thecheapest2.—Youwanttoloseweight?Butwhy?Youlookquiteslimtome.—Thatmaybetrue.ButI’mthanlastyear.

A.muchheavier B.heavyenoughC.muchlighter D.lightenough3.—Whatistheworld’smountain?

—MountQomolangma.A.lower B.lowestC.higher D.highest4.—IsLarryasasOliver?

—No,heisn’t.Larryisshorter.A.taller B.tall C.thetallest5.—Idon’treallylikebigcities.—NeitherdoI.Ifeelmuchinthecountryside.

A.free B.freerC.freest D.thefreest考点3倍数表达法表示倍数的句型：(1)A＋be＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B(2)A＋be＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B题组训练根据汉语提示完成句子①Thereisnothingintoday’snewspaper.

今天的报纸上没有什么重要的内容。②Hisideasounds.他的主意听起来很棒。

③Heisasashisfather.他和他的父亲一样高。

④Thefilmistoo.这部电影太无聊了。

⑤Itiseventoday.今天甚至更冷了。

⑥Suzhouisbeing.苏州变得越来越美丽。⑦Thispictureistheofall.这幅画是所有的画中最好的。⑧Sheisthesecondgirlinourclass.她是我们班第二高的女生。随堂练习考点1形容词词义辨析1.(2021福建,27)Photosare,buttheysayalotaboutourlives.

A.specialB.strangeC.silent2.(2021南平二模,26)MissLiualwaysspendsmuchtimeexplainingthingstous.Sheisso.

A.silentB.patientC.rude3.(2021莆田二模,25)Wecan’tdependonourparentstoomuch.It’sforthemtodoeverythingforus.

A.impoliteB.importantC.impossible4.(2021福州二模,26)Thepaintonthewallisnotasasitwastenyearsago.Ithaschangedfromwhitetogrey.

A.wetB.heavyC.bright5.(2021宁德二模,23)—HaveyouheardoftheChinaUShighlevelstrategicdialogueonMarch18th,2021?—Certainly,IwhatChineseofficialssaid.TheyarereallyChineseidols(偶像).

A.amangrywith B.amproudof C.amstrictwith6.(2020福建,24)—Ihearyouruncleandaunthavemovedtothecountryside.—Yes.Theythinkthelifeinthecountrysideismore.

A.similar B.boring C.peaceful7.(2020福建,30)MygrandmatheChineseWomen’sVolleyballTeamandwatchesalmostalltheirmatchesonTV.

A.iscrazyaboutB.isgoodfor C.isstrictwith8.(2019福建,26)Moreandmorepeoplehaverealizedthatclearwatersandgreenmountainsareasasmountainsofgoldandsilver.

A.central B.special C.valuable9.(2018福建,28)—How!Therearenoworkersinthebank.

—It’sthefirstselfservicebankinChina.A.strange B.scary C.boring10.(2017福建,27)TFBOYShasalotoffans.Itthousandsofyoungpeople.

A.ispopularwith B.issatisfiedwith C.isstrictwith11.(2021福建,84)Taichiisamixofbreathing,meditation(冥想)and/sləʊ/movements.

12.(2021福建,89)Youcanalsotakean/ˌɒnˈlaɪn/classandtrytaichiathome.

13.(2020福建,82)Therewasafamine(饥荒)andeverybodywasvery/ˈhʌŋɡri/.

14.(2017福建,82)Thefestivalstartedas/ˈɜːli/astheWarringStatesPeriod(475—221BC).

15.(2021漳州二模,89)Readingtohorsesis/fʌn/forthekids.

16.(2021龙岩二模,84)Inthe70sqkmWuyiMountain,touristscanenjoymany/ˈspeʃl/anduniquenaturalfeatures.

考点2副词词义辨析1.(2020福建,27)Thekidisdoinghislessonsinordertopassthetest.

A.wildlyB.carefullyC.lazily2.(2019福建,30)—Youaresingingtotheplants!—That’strue.Ibelieveithelpsthemgrow.

A.slowerB.betterC.harder3.(2017福建,24)—JoanhasmadegreatprogressinspeakingChinese.—Sheworkshardatit,youknow.

A.neverB.seldomC.always4.(2021漳州二模,30)—Nowadayssomepeoplearealwaysbusycheckingtheirmobilephoneswhilegettingtogether.—Soitis.Theyshouldputdownphonesandhavemoretalks.

A.alreadyB.insteadC.aloud5.(2021龙岩二模,27)—TheboysaretalkingaboutChang’e5.

—Yes.Theyareinterestedinspace.A.happilyB.sadlyC.angrily6.(2021莆田二模,27)—WhatdoyouthinkofthefilmHi,Mom?—Wonderful!I’mmovedbythegreatmother’slove.

A.deeplyB.nearlyC.widely7.(2021宁德二模,18)—Mom,whydoweorderfoodonapps?

—Mybaby,I’mafraidtakeawayfoodisnotgoodforourbodies.A.seldomB.sometimesC.always8.(2020三明质检,26)—Mum,whydoweeatout?

—Honey,homecookingishealthier.A.seldomB.alwaysC.often9.(2020泉州质检,28)—Listen!Itisrainingoutside.

—Wow,look!Theyardisfullofrainwaternow!A.heavilyB.stronglyC.slowly考点3形容词、副词的比较级和最高级1.(2021福建,24)Childrenusuallyplaythiskindofwordgamethangrownups.

A.wellB.betterC.best2.(2018福建,24)Tonyisthebeststudentintheclassbecauseheworksthantheothers.

A.hardB.harderC.hardest3.(2021漳州二模,25)Amobilephonewith5Gcansendvideosthantheonewith4G.

A.fast B.faster C.thefastest4.(2020宁德质检,21)The2020’sSpringFestivalisChineseNewYearI’veeverhad.

A.quiet B.quieter C.thequietest5.(2020南平质检,34)—Whichdoyouprefer,ChinesefoodorWesternfood?—Chinesefood.BecauseIthinkWesternfoodisChinesefood.

A.asdeliciousas B.notasdeliciousas C.moredeliciousthan6.(2020惠安质检,33)—Tomis6andheishissister,Jane.HowoldisJane?

—Three.A.twiceasoldas B.twoyearsolderthan C.threeyearsyoungerthan7.(2019福建,86)Hispaperwas(strong)andcheaperthananypaperthathadbeenmadebefore.

8.(2017福建,83)Amongthenumbersfromzerotonine,nineisthe(high)oddnumber(奇数).

9.(2021宁德二模,87)InTheBookofSongs(《诗经》),the(old)existing(存在的)collectionofChinesepoetry,theanimalwasmentionedinnineoutofthe305pieces.

考点4形容词、副词的构词法1.(2021福建,85)Asyoumakeyourmovements,youbreathe(deep)andnaturallywithmeditation.

2.(2020福建,85)Shewas(great)surprisedtoseetheraysofsunshinefallingthroughthenet.

3.(2019福建,82)Writingmaterialswere(real)expensiveandfewpeoplelearnedtoread.

4.(2018福建,89)Today,Dr.LonnieJohnsonhasmorethan100(use)inventions.

5.(2021漳州二模,88)Thisway,theycanseethemselvesinthestories(happy).

6.(2021福州二模,89)AtleastonestudysuggeststhattheseaiceintheArcticOceancouldmelt(plete)duringthesummerbytheyear2035.

7.(2021宁德二模,89)Whensomeonedoessomething(success)throughhardwork,peopleoftenuse“niu”todescribehimorher.

8.(2020厦门质检,89)Fireworkscanalsobeausefulexpression.Itmeansagreatshowof(noise)anger.

9.(2020福州毕业班适应性训练,88)It’salsoatraditiontoeatDoubleNinthcakesduringthefestivaltowishforapeacefuland(fort)life.

综合练1.(2021江苏扬州,24改编)Ican’tbelieveyoumadethelifelikecatoutofpaper.Howyouare!

A.loyalB.creativeC.helpful2.(2021湖北武汉,38改编)—Doesthestorehavegoodfame?—Yes,thepricesherearealwaysveryfair.Theownerjustwantstomakea(n)living.

A.honest B.healthy C.relaxing3.(2021云南,30改编)—Hello,Jenny.Ican’tfindmymathbook.Didyouseeit?

—Sorry,Ididn’t.A.everywhere B.anywhere C.somewhere4.(2021安徽,22改编)Thedancingteachergivesusinstructionsuntilweareperfectineverymove.

A.patiently B.quickly C.bravely5.(2021甘肃武威,Ⅰ,8改编)Ican’tkeepupwithhim—herunsthanme.

A.muchfaster B.evenworse C.morecarefully6.(2021河北,38改编)—Whatistheworld’smountain?

—MountQomolangma.A.lower B.lowest C.highest7.(2021吉林,29)Kelly,don’tgoout,please.It’sraining.

A.slowly B.heavily C.luckily8.(2021江西,27改编)—Areyougoingtotheairportbybus?—I’drathertakeataxi.It’s.

A.quicker B.cheaper C.higher9.(2021辽宁本溪,8改编)Learn,andyouwillbeasuccessfullearner.

A.wisely B.lazily C.quickly10.(2021内蒙古包头,25改编)Itisveryforpassengerstouseeticketswhentheyaretakinghighspeedtrains.

A.peaceful B.basic C.convenient11.(2021江苏南京,5改编)Joggingisthanmanysports—tostart,justgetsomefortablesportsclothesandgoodrunningshoes.

A.cheap B.cheaper C.thecheapest12.(2021天津,23改编)Itistosay“thankyou”veryoften,eventofamilymembers.

A.polite B.rude C.dangerous13.(2021重庆,29改编)Protectingourselvesisoneofthingswemustdo.

A.important B.moreimportant C.themostimportant14.(2021新疆,30改编)—DoyouknowthatTomisoneofstudentsinhisclass?

—Yes,Ido.He’sasasmybrother.

A.thetallest;tallerB.tallest;taller C.thetallest;tall15.(2021湖南邵阳,23)—Ourfinalexaminationisingandwearesobusy.—Iagree.Wehavemoreexercisestodoandtimetorestnow.

A.more B.fewer C.less16.(2020河北,36改编)Helenisthepersoninherfamily.Hertwoeldersistersarebothmarried.

A.young B.younger C.youngest17.(2020贵州贵阳,45)Ifweareinterestedinsomething,ourbrainisanditisalsoeasierforustopayattentiontoitforalongtime.

A.active B.moreactive