工程硕士英语考试试题

Vocabulary(Unit to B.C. D.ofa B.C. D.Causalreasoningisa inwhichwegofromcausetoeffectorviceversa,thatis,wereasonfromwhatweknowtowhatwewanttofindout. B.C. D. B.C. D.Today’sadvertisementsaremeanttobeattractive,buttoomanyofthemmakethings B.C. D.Televisionhasbecomeanindispensablemeansofentertainmentwhichmanypeople whileawaytheirspareeup B.liveupC.count D.castlightis B.C. D.Noonecanfunctionproperlyiftheyare ofadequate B.C. D.His unionmembersdeclinedsincehisfailuretostrivehigherwagesfordetermination B.descriptionC.depression D.influence B.C. D.Everyday,wegrowandhavenewexperiences.Weconstantlylearnbyreading,watchingtelevision, withotherpeople,andsoforth. B.C. D.Moreandmorescholars,aswellasbusinessmen,arefocusingonthequestion:whye- p-beat B.beatC.beat D.beatTheCEOandsomeothercompanyexecutivesarediscussinghowto thenewproceduresintotheworkoutline. B.C. D. B.C. D.ArecentreportbyNASArevealsthatasthestarrotatesonitsownaxis,thebeams spacelikesearchlightbeams.sweep B.sweepC.sweep D.sweepBritishscientistsaredevelopingarobottoworkintoxicenvironmentsthatcan itsownpowerbyeatinganddigestingflies. B.C. D.TheAndersonshavenot yetandIdoubtiftheywillshown B.shownC.shown D.showninshowA.Internetusersareincreasinglyturningtoe-governmentsitestocarryouttheirbusinesswithgovernment.ButInternetusersandnon-usersalikevaluehavingmorethanonewaytowithgovernment.getalong B.getangryC.getintouch D.gettiredInpractice,itisalwaysthecasethatthesolutiontoaproblemin B.C. D.Theliberalphilosophyholdsthatenduringgovernmentsmustbeaccountabletosomeonebesidethemselves;thatagovernmentonlytoitsownconscienceisnotforlong B.C. D.ReadingComprehension(3passages)Passage1Largecompaniesneedawaytoreachthesavingsofthepublicatlarge.Thesameproblem,onasmallerscale,facespracticallyeverycompanytryingtodevelopnewproductsandcreatenowjobs.Therecanbelittleprospectofraisingthesortofsumsneededfromfriendsandpeopleweknow,andwhilebanksmayagreetoprovideshort-termfinance,theyaregenerallyunwillingprovidemoneyonapermanentbasisforlong-termprojects.Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolendthemmoney,ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.ThistheydobyissuingstocksandsharesinthebusinessthroughtheStockExchange.Bydoingsotheycanputintocirculationthesavingsofindividualsandinstitutions,bothathomeandoverseas.Whenthesaverneedshismoneyback.hedoesnothavetogotothecompanywithwhomheoriginallyplacedit.Instead,hesellshissharesthroughastockbroker(证卷经纪人)tosomeothersaverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney.Manyoftheservicesneededbothbyindustryandbyeachofusareprovidedbythegovernmentorbylocalauthorities.Withouthospitals,roads,electricity,telephones,railways,thiscountrycouldnotfunction.Alltheserequirecontinuousspendingonnewequipmentandnewdevelopmentoftheyaretoserveusproperly,requiringmoremoneythanisraisedthroughtaxesalone.Thegovernment,localauthorities,andnationalizedindustriesthereforefrequentlyneedtoborrowmoneytofinancemajorcapitalspending,andthey,too,cometotheStockExchange.Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountrywhosejoborwhosestandardoflivingdoesnotdependontheabilityofhisorheremployerstoraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopment.Inonewayoranotherthisnewmoneymustcomefromthesavingsofthecountry.TheStockExchangeexiststoprovideachannelthroughwhichthesesavingscanreachthosewhoneedAlmostallcompaniesinvolvedinnewproductionanddevelopmentmust ​dependonthepopulationaswholeforrelyontheirownfinancialpersuadethebankstoprovidelong-termborrowlargesumsofmoneyfromfriendsandpeopletheyThemoneythatenablesthesecompaniestomakeprogresswiththeirprojectsis investedindifferentcompaniesontheStock​raisedbythesellingsofsharesintherepaidtoitsoriginalownersassoonasexchangedforpartownershipinthe-StockWhenthesaverswanttheirmoneybackthey transfertheirmoneytoamoresuccessfullookforotherpeopletoborrowmoney​puttheirsharesinthecompanybackontheaskanothercompanytoobtaintheirmoneyforAlltheimportantserviceswhichwedependonare unabletoprovidefortheneedsofthe​inconstantneedforfinancialrunbythegovernmentorourlocalfinancedwhollybyratesandTheStockExchangemakesitpossibleforthegovernment,localauthoritiesandnationalizedindustries toborrowasmuchmoneyastheytobecertainthateverybodylendsmoneyto​toraisemoneytofinancenewtomakecertaineverybodysavesPassageHaveyoueverbeenstartledbyaloudnoiseorbysomeoneappearingsuddenlybehindyouonadarknightorbyasnakeinthegrass?Doyourememberthesudden,tightfeelinginyourthewayyourheartstartedtopound,thewayyouseemedtobreathemorerapidly?Suchreactionsoccurredbecauseyouwerefrightened.Yourbrainsentasignaltothespecialgland(腺)inyourbodycalledtheadrenal(肾上的)gland.Otherpartsofyourbodywereinvolved,too,butadrenalglandhasaveryspecialTheadrenalglandislocatedontopofyourkidney.Sinceyouhavetwokidneys,youalsohavetwoadrenalglands.Eachadrenalglandisdividedintotwoparts:acortex外皮)andamedulla髓质).Thecortexformstheoutershell;themedullaformsthecentralcore.Boththecortexandthemedullasecrete(分泌)hormones,buttheyhavedifferentfunctions.Thecortexproducesmorethanfortydifferentchemicalcompoundsandhormones.Allthesethingsareessentialtosustainlife.Themedullasecretesadrenalin(alsocalledepinephrine,thehormonethatpreparesthebodyforemergencies.Whenyouaresuddenlyfacedwithadangerousorstressfulsituation,partofyourbraininstantlysendsasignaltotheadrenalgland,andallsortsofthingsbegintohappeninyourbody.Themedullareleasesanextraamountofadrenalinintothebloodstream.Theadrenaliniscarriedrapidlythroughoutthebody,stimulatingotherglandsandsystems.Inthispassage,theauthorismainlydiscussingthefunctionof thehumanglandsandsystemsinthethecortexoftheadrenal​themedullaoftheadrenalWhichofthefollowingisNOTTheadrenalglandislocatedontopofthe​EachkidneyiscomposedoftwoadrenalThemedullaisinsidetheThecortexandthemedullahavedifferentItis thatmainlyhelpsyourespondtoadangerousorstressful​thespecialfunctionoftheadrenalasignalsentbyyourallstimulatedpartsofyourAllofWhatcouldbesaidabouttheItissecretedbythekidneysintothe​ItisthehormonethatpreparesthebodyforItistheonlyusefulhormoneproducedintheItisessentialtosustainWhatdoyousupposetheauthorwillgoontodiscussinthefollowingthebrainfunctionsofthe​reactionsofthebodytostressandotherhumanorgansrelatedtothePassageTheviewoveravalleyofatinyvillagewiththatchedroofcottagesaroundachurch;adrivethroughanarrowvillagestreetlinedwiththatchedcottagesappointedpinkorwhite;thesightovertherollinghillsofprettycollectionofthatchedfarmbuildings—thesearestillcommonsightsinpartsofEngland.MostpeoplewillagreethatthethatchedroofisanessentialpartpftheattractionoftheEnglishcountryside.ThatchingisinfacttheoldestofallthebuildingcraftspracticedintheBritishIsles.AlthoughThatchingissolitarycraft,whichoftenrunsinfamilies.ThecraftofthatchingasitispracticedtodayhaschangedverylittlesincetheMiddleAges.Over800full-timethatchersareemployedinEnglandandWalestoday,maintainingandrenewingtheoldroofsaswellasthatchingnewerhouses.Manypropertyownerschoosethatchnotonlyforitsbeautybutbecausetheyknowitwillkeepthemcoolinsummerandwarminwinter.Infact,ifwelookatdevelopingcountries,overhalftheworldlivesunderthatch,buttheyalldoitindifferentways.Peopleindevelopingcountriesareoftenreluctanttogobacktotraditionalmaterialsandwouldprefermodernbuildings.However,theymaylackthemoneytoallowthemtoimportthenecessarymaterials.Theirtemporarymudhutswiththatchedroofsofwildgrassesoftenonlylastsixmonths.Thatch,whichhasdonetheBritishway,lastsfromtwentytosixtyyears,andisaneffectivedefianceagainsttheheat.WhichofthefollowingremainsauniquefeatureoftheEnglish​CottageswiththatchedChurcheswithcottagesaroundWhatdoweknowaboutthatchingasaItisacollectiveItispracticedonfarmsalloverThatchedhousesarestillpreferredbecauseof ​theirstyleandtheirtheireasytheircheapandready-madePeopleindevelopingcountriesalsoliveunderthatchbecause thatchedcottagesareabigtourist​thatchedroofhousesarethethatchisaneffectivedefenseagainstthetheylikethatchedhousesbetterthanotherWecanlearnfromthepassa