人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册UNIT 1 Science and Scientists知识点课件

选择性必修第二册UNIT1

SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTS★每日早晚必背假定你是李华，最近你的朋友Martin想了解你校开展的丰富多彩的课外生活。请根据下面要点提示，给他写一封回信，详细地介绍相关内容。内容包括：

1.开展丰富多彩的课外生活的原因；

2.介绍具体的课外活动内容(至少两条)；

3.发表个人对此的看法。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【佳文背诵】DearMartin，Tofurtherreducestudents’academicburdenandstudypressure，andatthesametimeexpandstudents’horizons，ourschoolhasheldavarietyofextracurricularactivities.OurschoolholdsabasketballmatcheveryMondayandFridayafternooninordertobuildupthestudents’physiques.Allthestudentsareencouragedtoparticipate.EveryTuesdayafternoon，wecangototheschoolexhibitionhalltoparticipateinavarietyofartactivities.EveryThursdayevening，theschoolpreparesaninstructiveandenlighteningfilmforstudents.Alltheseactivitiesnotonlyenrichourextracurricularlife，butalsocontributetoouracademicperformance.Yours， LiHua【词汇积累】furtheradv.进一步academicburden学业压力avarietyof各种各样的buildup积累；增加enlighteningadj.具有启发性的contributeto有助于；促成expandone’shorizons开阔眼界【句式结构】1.Tofurtherreducestudents’academicburdenandstudypressure，andatthesametimeexpandstudents’horizons…(不定式短语作目的状语)2.Allthestudentsareencouragedtoparticipate.(被动语态的运用对主语起到强调作用)3.Alltheseactivitiesnotonlyenrichourextracurricularlife，butalsocontributetoouracademicperformance.(notonly…butalso…连接并列成分，使得表达更丰富、具体)★课前语基夯实▶高频重点词汇◎核心词汇

会运用1._________n.病毒2._________n.思想；思维；见解3._________adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的4._________n.细胞；小房间；单间牢房5._________n.发现；调查结果；(法律)判决6._________adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的

n.

固体virus

thinking

substantial

cell

finding

solid

7._________n.混凝土

adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的8._________adj.抽象的；理论上的n.(文献等的)摘要9._________n.概念；观念10._________adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的11._________adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的12._________adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的13._________n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低14._________vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷15._________v.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)concrete

abstract

concept

outstanding

brilliant

severe

decrease cast

pour【语境活用】根据汉语提示完成句子1.Yourclaimoughttosucceed，inwhichcasethedamageswillbe_________(大量的).2.Thisswitchhas_________(减少)pollutioninthecountry’smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.3.Afewhoursinapolice_________(牢房)shouldcoolhimoff.4.Heisaterrificathleteanda_________(聪颖的)jumper.5.Amodern_________(抽象的)paintingtakesoveronecompletewall.substantialdecreased

cellbrilliant

abstract

6.Asacityteenagerusedtotheforestof_________(混凝土制的)buildings，streamsofvehiclesandskiesofsmog，Ifoundfarmlifeaneye-openingexperience.7.Whenyouwanttorelaxafteralongdayofwork，turnonyourTVand_________(斟)yourselfacupofhotchocolatetomakeyourselfrefreshed.8.Asisknowntousall，ChenWeiisan_________(杰出的)Chinesewomanscientistinthefieldofmedicine.9.Thedeathofherhusbandhas_________(投射)ashadowonherlife.concrete

pouroutstanding

cast◎拓展词汇

能提升1._________adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→frustratev.使受挫折；令人沮丧→_________adj.令人泄气的；使人沮丧的

→_________n.挫折；失败；失意2._________vt.使感染；传染→_________

adj.被传染的→_________n.感染；传染3._________vt.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)→_________n.订阅→_________n.订户4._________adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的→contradictionn.矛盾；反驳frustratedfrustratingfrustrationinfectinfectedinfectionsubscribesubscriptionsubscribercontradictory5._________adj.数量多的；多种多样的→multiplyv.乘；(使)增加；(使)繁殖6._________vt.&

vi.

怀疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象→_________adj.猜疑的；疑心的；表示怀疑的7._________v.把……归咎于；责怪；指责n.指责；责备→blamefuladj.应受责备的；该受责备的→blamelessadj.无可指责→

adv.无可责难地

8.handlen.把手；拉手；柄v.处理；搬动；操纵→_________n.处理者；管理者multiplesuspectsuspiciousblameblamelesslyhandler9._________n.联系；纽带vt.把……连接起来；相关联→linkern.链接器→_________adj.连接的10.

adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→

adv.

纯粹地→_________v.净化；使净化

11._________vt.使改观；使改变形态vi.改变；转变→_____________n.转变；变化12._________adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→initiallyadv.

最初13.mechanicaladj.机械的；发动机的；机器的→_________n.机械师；机械修理工linklinked

purepurelypurifytransformtransformationinitialmechanic14._________vt.保卫；防守；辩解→________________n.防卫；防御措施→_________adj.防守的；防御用的；15._________n.助理；助手→_________v.帮助；促进→_________n.帮助；援助16._________adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→_________n.礼物；赠品；天赋；天才17._________n.弱点；过错→_________adj.有错误的；有缺点的；出毛病的defenddefense/defencedefensiveassistantassistassistancegiftedgiftfaultfaulty18._________n.改变；转换；轮班vt.&vi.转移；挪动；转向→_________adj.变化的；诡异的；机智的→_________adj.懒惰的；得过且过的；没出息的19._________adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→_________adv.

生动地；强烈地shiftshiftyshiftless

vividvividly【语境活用】使用所给单词的适当形式填空1.OnhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhen_________(suspect)ofdrugdealing.2.Thatcountryhas___________fromabackwardagriculturalcountryintoanadvancedindustrialcountry.Thatistosaythecountryhasmadeacomplete______________.(transform)3.Intimeofwar，lotsofmoneywillbespenton________________andmanymeasureswillbetakento_________acountryfrombeingattacked.(defend)suspectedtransformedtransformationdefence/defensedefend4.Hedescribed_________whathesawinLondon，givingusa_________pictureaboutpeople’slifethere.(vivid)5.Duetotheoutbreakof_________disease，peopleallovertheworldwhodon’twantto_________arewearingmaskstoreducetheriskof_________.(infect)

6.Ifyouwanttoreadthenewsusingyourmobilephone，youcan_________tothedigitalnewspaperandtheannual___________isjust$20.(subscribe)vividlyvividinfectiousbeinfectedinfectionsubscribesubscription

7.Siri，avirtual_________createdbyApple，hastheabilityto_________theuserstoperformcertainactionsandSiri’s_________providesgreatconvenience.(assist)assistantassistassistance▶高频短语串记※单元短语再现【语境活用】选用所给短语的适当形式填空1.We___________withillnessesmoreeasilywhenunderstress.

2.Onlybyexploringthesepatterns，theircausesandeffects，isthereanypossibilityofbreakingthem_________________.

3.ThereisabusinessphilosophyI____________，whichsaysthatifyouarenotmakingmistakes，youarenotdoingitright.

inchargeof；comedown；aboveall；subscribeto；onceandforall；breakoutcomedownonceandforallsubscribetoinchargeof；comedown；aboveall；subscribeto；onceandforall；breakout4.Theteacher___________thechildrenhastoaccompanythemonthecoach.

5.Whenwar________，hehadtoendurefourmonths’internmentasanenemyalien.

6.Iwasnottoanswerthephone；

________Iwasnottospeaktothepress.

inchargeofbrokeoutaboveall▶重点句型仿写1.have

sth.

done某事被做Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.

似乎是这个女人如此喜欢水泵的水以至于她每天都把水运到她家。［仿写］Shehungoutwithherfriends，butunfortunately，she_____________________(她的包被偷了).

hadherbagstolen2.more

likely

…than…表示“比……更有可能……”Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuchmorelikelytogetcholerathanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwater.

喝这种水的人比喝纯净水或白开水的人更有可能感染霍乱。［仿写］Accordingtotheresearch，non⁃drinkersare___________todevelopthewintersnuffles_________moderatedrinkers.

morelikelythan3.since引导原因状语从句Sincehecamedownwithadiseasewhichcausedhimtolosetheuseofmostofhismuscles，hisworldbecameoneofabstractthought.

由于他得了一种使他失去大部分肌肉功能的疾病，他的世界变成了一个抽象的思想世界。［仿写］___________________________________indifferentcultures，communicationisoftendifficult.由于时间在不同的文化中有如此不同的含义，沟通往往是困难的。Sincetimehassuchdifferentmeanings★考点多维突破▶词汇精磨1.blame

vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责

n.责备；指责【探究归纳】【典例示范】Sheblamedthefailureoftheirmarriageonherhusband.她把他们婚姻失败归咎于她的丈夫。IoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwastoblameforMiller’saccident.我经常做疯狂的梦，在梦里我应为米勒的事故承担责任。【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换(1)MylifeisruinedandIsupposeIonlyhavemyself_________(blame).

(2)_________(blame)forthebreakdownofthecomputersystems，hewasinlowspirits.(3)Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorningandputtheblame_________thealarmclock.(4)Iusedtoblamemyparentsformessingupmylife.→Iusedtoblamemymessylife_________myparents.→Iusedto____________________formessingupmylifeonmyparents.

toblameBlamed

on

onput/laytheblame【探究归纳】【典例示范】Hewassuspectedofstealingtheringatthepartylastnight，andthepolicewerelookingintothematter.他涉嫌在昨晚的聚会上偷戒指，警方正在调查此事。2.suspect

vt.&

vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任

n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换(1)Didn’tyounoticeanything_________(suspect)inhisbehaviour？(2)Shesuspectedherhusband_________takinghermoney.(3)Theteacherwassuspicious_________thestudent’sfurtivebehaviourduringtheexam.(4)Isuspecthimtobethethief，ashecan’texplainthesourceofhismoney.→I__________________________，ashecan’texplainthesourceofhismoney.(宾语从句)suspiciousof

of/aboutsuspectthatheisthethief【探究归纳】3.severe

adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的【典例示范】Manypeoplefeelthepunishmentshouldhavebeenmoresevere.许多人感觉这个惩罚本应该更严厉些。Iftheinjuredareinaseverecondition，donotremovethem，administeremergencytreatmentifpossible，andarrangeanambulance.

如果伤者处于严重的情况，不要移动他们；如果可能，则安排紧急处理办法，同时安排救护车。【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子(1)Punishmentfromthepoliceisoftenmoresevere_________studentsandwillpreventfuturebullyingbetter.(2)Anyonebreakingthelawwillbe

(severe)punished.

(3)Thechanceofafullrecoverywilldependonthe_________(severe)ofherinjuries.(4)在上次的选举中这个党派遭受了严重的损失。Thepartysuffered____________duringthelastelection.

on/withseverelyseverityseverelosses【探究归纳】【典例示范】Accordingtoarecentsurvey，fourmillionpeoplediefromdiseaseslinkedtosmokingeachyear.

根据最近的一项调查显示，每年有四百万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。4.link

n.联系；纽带

vt.把……连接起来；相关联【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换(1)Therelationshipsyoudevelopnowwillprobablybelinked_________theonesyouvaluelater.(2)Sincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasters_________(link)toElNiño，reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.(3)ThepurposeoftheHUNCHprogramistolinkspacetechnology_________schooleducation.to/withlinkedto/with

(4)Thegirllikesyellowthatislinkedwithconfidenceandself-respect.→Thegirllikesyellow____________confidenceandself-respect.(用非谓语动词改写)

linkedwith【探究归纳】【典例示范】I’mfullyawarethatit’stheexperiencefrommylifeabroadthathastotallytransformedme.

我充分地意识到，正是我在国外的经历完全改变了我。5.transform

vt.

使改观；改变形态

vi.改变；转变【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子(1)Sincethen，thissocietyhasmovedonward，neverlookingback，asthecartransformedAmerica_________afarm⁃basedsociety_________anindustrialpower.(2)Wethoughtthe_____________(transform)wasaccomplishedwithastonishingspeed.(3)最好的公司可以依靠一个好主意在几年内从萌芽成长为巨人。Thebestcompaniescantakeagoodideaanduseitto_________________fromembryos_________giantsinafewyears.fromintotransformation

transformthemselvesinto【探究归纳】6.decrease

n.减少；降低；减少量

vi.&

vt.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低【典例示范】Thenumberoftouriststothisareaisonthedecrease.

来这个地区旅游的人数正在减少。Beingaddictedtoonlineshoppingfortoolong，accordingtoasurveyconductedrecently，willgreatlydecreasepeople’sdesiretotakepartinsocialactivities.

根据最近进行的一项调查显示，长时间沉迷于网络购物将极大地减少人们参加社交活动的欲望。【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换(1)Thenumberofcaraccidentsis_________thedecrease.(2)Bytheendofthestudy，thatpercentagehaddecreased_________half，to45percent.(3)Wehavenoideawhenthehousingpriceswilldecrease_________thelevelwecanafford.(4)Therehasbeen_________decreaseinourimportsovertheyears.onby

toa

(5)Thenumberofsuchpeopleisdecreasingnow，whichshowsthatpeoplearebecomingmorereasonable.→Thenumberofsuchpeopleis_______________now，whichshowsthatpeoplearebecomingmorereasonable.

onthedecrease【探究归纳】7.thanks

to幸亏；由于【典例示范】Owingtothebadweather，theflightwasdelayed.

由于天气不好，航班延误了。We’vereachedourgoalof$500，000，thankstothegenerosityofthepublic.

由于公众的慷慨解囊，我们已经达到了我们的目标50万美元。【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子(1)_________(thank)forhelpingmygrandmothergettothehotel.(2)Theprojectwasrunninglate，_________(owe)tounforseencircumstances.(3)Hewasforcedtoretirebecause

illhealth.

(4)多亏了商品潮和财政收入的增加，近几年来多国政府才能顺利地度过经济萧条时期。__________thecommodityboomandrisingrevenues，governmentsinmanycountrieshavehadaneasytimeofeconomicdepressioninthepastfewyears.

Thanksowingof

Thanksto▶句型透视(教材P2)Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.

似乎是这个女人如此喜欢水泵的水以至于她每天都把水运到她家。【句式提炼】该句中的

“haditdelivered”从“havesth.done”这一结构演变而来。【归纳拓展】语法现象本句中的“havesth.done”意为“某事被做”结构特点done在句中作宾语补足语，与宾语存在逻辑上的动宾关系。句式演变(1)havesb./sth.doingsth.意为“让某人或某物一直做某事”。在否定句中，尤其与won’t，can’t等连用时，可表示“容忍或允许”之意。(2)havesb.dosth.意为“让/使某人做某事”，强调事实。【典例示范】UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhavenutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.

在新奥尔良和布鲁克林不寻常的时装表演把海狸鼠的皮毛制成了不同风格的衣服。【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子(1)You’dbetterhaveyoureyes_________(examine)tomorrow.(2)Asaresponsibleteacher，hecan’thaveanyofhisstudents_________(cheat)intheexam.examined

cheating

(3)Tellthepersonyou’resorryandexplainthatyouhaveamillionthings_________(do)andthenaskifthetwoofyoucantalkatadifferenttime.(4)我需要一本新护照，所以不得不拍新照片。IneedanewpassportsoIwillhaveto___________________________.

todohavemyphotographstaken★能力优化集训Ⅰ.语境辨义根据语境写出黑体词的词性及含义1.UndertheleadershipoftheParty，wearemarchingfromvictorytovictory._________2.Ifyouexperienceenginetrouble，youtakeyourcartoamechanic._________3.Thecoachandhisteamwereinterviewedfortheiroutstandingperformance._________n.领导n.修理工adj.杰出的4.Somepeoplesaybeautyitselfisabstract.Doyouagree？_________5.Thisconceptisnoteasytounderstandbecausethewordsseemtohaveoppositemeanings._________6.Abirdwatcher，armedwithatelescope，foundthepetsittingdesperatelyonarock._________7.Weshouldbebroad⁃mindedandlearntoforgiveotherpeople’sslightfaults._________adj.抽象的n.概念n.望远镜n.过错Ⅱ.语境填词comedown；pure；breakout；inchargeof；gifted；steady；aboveall；suspect

Asisknowntous，StephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousand1.

scientistsinphysics.Unfortunately，he2.

withaseverediseasecausingthedoctorwhowas3.

himnottocurehim.However，Hawkingfirstachievedfameasagraduatestudentin1964whenadispute4.

betweenthetwomaintheories—the

5.

statetheoryandbigbangtheory.giftedcamedowninchargeof

brokeout

steadyHe6.

theformerwaswrong，sohemanagedtoproveit.WhatmadeHawkingageniuswasnotonlyhisbraverybutalsohisdetermination.7.

，hewaswillingtoadmithisfaults.Thisoddcombinationofcharacteristicshadmadehimagreatthinkerintheworldof8.

thought.

comedown；pure；breakout；inchargeof；gifted；steady；aboveall；suspectsuspected

AboveallpureⅢ.课文语法填空JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Cholerausedtobeoneofthemostfeared1.

(disease)intheworlduntilJohnSnowshowedhowitcouldbeovercome.Cholera，as2.

deadlydiseaseofitsday，threatenedordinarypeople.Nooneknewitscauseoritscure.Everytimecholerabrokeout，largenumber