Unit-3新视野大学英语预备级一第三单元

Unit3

TryingtoFitintoaNewFamily

Teacher:GaoWenjieTime:2015.09第1页，共61页。airplane，relative，fence，annual，farmer，celebrate，wedding，anniversary，rather，wipe，tear，game，comfort，shock，successful，firm，avoid，lie，ceiling，height，appear，fair，stay，mixture，straight，cheek，bone，wake，anxious，anxiously，luckfitinto，clearaway，moveon，thinkof…as，ofone’sown，lookat，lookafter，wipeaway，nolonger，withashock，standupto，loseheight，comefrom

NewWords&Phrases第2页，共61页。Whatisafamily?FAMILYfatherandmotheriloveyou第3页，共61页。AngelinaJolieVoightPitt

(

June4,1975)isanAmericanactress,filmmaker,andhumanitarian.Shehasreceivedan

AcademyAward,two

ScreenActorsGuildAwards,andthree

GoldenGlobeAwards,andhasbeencitedasHollywood'shighest-paidactress.BorninLosAngeles,California,Jolieisthedaughterofactors

JonVoight

and

MarcelineBertrand.Sheisthesisterofactor

JamesHaven

andnieceofsinger-songwriterChipTaylor.

Hergodparentsareactors

JacquelineBisset

and

MaximilianSchell.Onherfather'sside,JolieisofGermanandSlovakdescent,andonhermother'sside,sheisofprimarilyFrench-Canadian,Dutch,andGermanancestry.

Likehermother,Joliehasstatedthatsheispart

Iroquois,althoughheronlyknownindigenous

ancestorswere17th-century

Hurons.adj.人道主义的博爱的慈善的n.人道主义者慈善家博爱主义者变形复数：

humanitariansindigenous

(GRE

IELTS)adj.土生土长的生来的，固有的本地的第4页，共61页。1.OnMarch10,2002,Jolieadoptedherfirstchild,

seven-month-oldMaddoxChivan,

fromanorphanagein

Battambang,Cambodia.2.Jolieadoptedadaughter,six-month-oldZaharaMarley,fromanorphanagein

AddisAbaba,Ethiopia,onJuly6,2005.3.Inanattempttoavoidtheunprecedentedmediafrenzysurroundingtheirrelationship,JolieandPitttraveledtoNamibiaforthebirthoftheirfirstbiologicalchild.

OnMay27,2006,shegavebirthtoadaughter,ShilohNouvel,in

Swakopmund.4.OnMarch15,2007,Jolieadoptedason,three-year-oldPaxThien,fromanorphanagein

HoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.5&6.Atthe

CannesFilmFestival

inMay2008,Jolieconfirmedthatshewasexpectingtwins.Forthetwoweeksshespentinaseasidehospitalin

Nice,France,reportersandphotographerscampedoutsideonthepromenade.

Shegavebirthtoason,KnoxLéon,andadaughter,VivienneMarcheline,onJuly12,2008.

第5页，共61页。TryingtoFitintoaNewFamily

第6页，共61页。Para.1

Thethreechildrensatintheairplane,watchingthecloudsclearawayastheairplanewenthigherandhigherintothesky.Twoyearsago,beforetheirparents'death,itwouldhavebeenfun.Nowitwasnothingmorethananothertimeofmeetingnewrelatives,tryingtofitintotheirfamilylife,andthenmovingonagain.

Itwasn'teasytothinkoftheseplacesashome.

第7页，共61页。Para.2

AmyJacksonthoughtaboutthedayswhentheyhadahomeoftheirown,whenshethoughttheirparentswouldalwaysbewiththem.Althoughtheirfatheroftenspentdaystravelingroundthesheepfarmlookingatthesheep,grass,andfences,theirmotherwasalwaysthere.第8页，共61页。Para.3

Then,whenAmywasjustthirteen,everythingchanged.Usuallyherfatherwentalonetotheannualfarmers'meetinginSydney,butthatyeartheirmotherwenttoo.Theywereto

celebratetheirfifteenthweddinganniversary..第9页，共61页。Para.4

ThedayAmylearnedofthecaraccidentandherparents'deathinSydney,sherealizedwhatitreallymeanttobetheeldestinthefamily.

Before,shehadratherenjoyedplayingmotherandhelpingtolookaftertheyoungerchildren,thoughshedidlessforRichardthanshedidforSusie,thebabyofthefamily.Amyhadwashedherdirtyhands,readstories,washedcuts,andwipedawaytearsforher,alwaysknowingshecouldstopwhenshewantedto.Thenitwasnolongeragamenow.第10页，共61页。Para.5

Susiewastooyoungtorealizeexactlywhathadhappened,butthroughwatchingtheotherchildren,sheknewitwassomethingterrible.HercrieshurtAmy,andasshetriedtocomfortRichardandSusie,sherealizedwithashock

thatinfutureshemustbebothsisterandmother.第11页，共61页。Para.6&7

Now,Amywonderedhowsuccessfulshehadbeen.

WouldSusiehavebeensoself-willediftheirmotherhadbeenalive?Amyknewthatsheneededafirmparent,butitoftenseemedeasiertoavoidafightthantostanduptoherinpublic.Richard,whoseemedolderthanhistenyears,wasneveranytrouble,butAmyworriedabouthimtoo.Shesometimesfoundhimlyinginbed,justlookingattheceiling.第12页，共61页。Para.8

AstheplanebegantoloseheightAmytriedtothinkofhowtheywouldappeartotheiraunt.Withherveryfairskin,redhairandblueeyesshelookedjustlikeherfather,atypicalAustralian.Richard,however,lookedlikehismother,awomanfromSingaporewhohadmettheirfatherwhenshevisitedAustraliaforashortholidayandstayed.

第13页，共61页。Para.9&10

Susiewasamixtureofthetwo,andAmylovedherespeciallyforthis.HerhairwasasdarkandshinyasRichard's,butnotasstraight.Herskinandhighcheekbonescamefromhermother,buthereyeswereherfather's.Amymovedtowakehersister."WillAuntHelenlikeus?"shethoughtanxiously."Perhapsourluckwillchangeatlast;thenwemightbeaskedtostayandnotmoveon."第14页，共61页。三个孩子坐在机舱里，注视着云彩随着飞机升空渐渐消散开去。如果是两年前父母还在世的时候，这一定很让人开心。而现在只不过是又一次去见新的亲戚，又一次设法适应新家庭的生活罢了，然后又到另一个地方去。把这些地方看作自己的家可不太容易。Para.1第15页，共61页。艾米·杰克逊想起他们在自己家的那些日子，那时她以为父母会永远与他们在一起。虽然父亲常常一连几天绕着牧羊场转来转去，照看着绵羊、草地和围栏，但母亲总是在他们身边。Para.2第16页，共61页。然而，在艾米刚刚13岁的时候，一切都发生了变化。往年她父亲总是一个人去参加在悉尼召开的农场主年会，但那年她母亲也一起去了。他们要庆祝结婚15周年纪念日。Para.3第17页，共61页。在艾米得知父母在悉尼死于车祸的那天，她意识到了作为家里的长女实实在在意味着什么。以前，她很喜欢扮演妈妈的角色，帮助照料弟弟妹妹，但她照顾理查德较少，照顾苏茜多些，因为她是家里的小宝宝。艾米把苏茜的小脏手洗干净，为她读故事，清洗伤口，擦干泪水，同时她知道如果她不想做随时都可以停下来。然而，现在这一切都不再是游戏了。Para.4第18页，共61页。苏茜当时年龄小，不能确切地意识到究竟出了什么事，但通过观察其他孩子，她知道可怕的事情发生了。她的哭声令艾米伤心。在她设法安慰理查德和苏茜的时候，她猛然间意识到，她今后必须既当姐姐又当妈妈。Para.5第19页，共61页。到如今，艾米不知道自己做得怎样。假如妈妈还活着，苏茜会像现在这样任性吗？艾米知道苏茜需要一个严厉的大人管教，但在众人面前驳斥她似乎总不像阻止一场打斗那么容易。理查德10岁，看起来比实际年龄大些，他从未惹什么麻烦，可是艾米也为他担忧。她时常发现他躺在床上，眼睛盯着天花板发呆。Para.6&7第20页，共61页。飞机开始降落时，艾米试着想像他们在姑妈眼中会是什么样子。她皮肤白皙，头发呈红色，一双碧蓝的眼睛，看上去很像她的爸爸，一个典型的澳大利亚人。而理查德则像他的妈妈。他们的妈妈是新加坡人，在澳大利亚短期度假时遇到了他们的爸爸，于是就留下来了。Para.8第21页，共61页。苏茜既像爸爸，又像妈妈，艾米因此特别喜爱她。她的头发黑而亮，像理查德的头发，但不像他的那么直。她的肤色和高高的颧骨是妈妈遗传给她的，而她眼睛的颜色则来自爸爸。艾米起身唤醒妹妹。"海伦姑妈会喜欢我们吗？"她不安地想着。"也许我们终于会有好运气，或许会被留下来，不用再继续漂泊了。"Para.9&10第22页，共61页。Para.1

Thethreechildrensatintheairplane,watchingthecloudsclearawayastheairplanewenthigherandhigherintothesky.Note:动词watch后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to,这类感官动词还有feel,see,hear,lookat,listento等。如：Isawhimcome.我看见他来了。Iheardhimsing.我听见他唱歌了。第23页，共61页。感官动词的用法感官动词是表示人的感官动作，常见的有see/notice/look/watch/listento/hear/feel/taste/smell/sound等。（1）感官动词的用法感官动词+宾语+V表示经历事件的完整过程感官动词+宾语+Ving表示动作正在进行，经历事件的部分过程感官动词+宾语+Ved表示宾语与do是被动关系第24页，共61页。Isawhimworkinthegardenyesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)Isawhimworkinginthegardenyesterday.昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseecarriedoutthenextyear.第25页，共61页。注意：若不定式作感官动词的补足语，用于被动语态，后面原有动词原形改为带to不定式Wesawhimgointotherestaurant.→Hewasseentogointotherestaurant.Iheartheboycryeveryday.→Theboyisheardtocryeveryday.第26页，共61页。（2）look,sound,smell,taste,feel可当系动词，后接形容词。Helooksangry.Itsoundsgood.Theflowerssmellbeautiful.Thesweetstastesweet.Thesilkfeelssoft.Ifelttired.Theyalllookedtired.

这些动词都不用于被动语态。如：Thesweetsaretastedsweet.是错误的。（3）look,sound,smell,taste,feel这些动词后面也可接介词like短语，like后面常用名词。

Herideasoundslikefun.她的主意听起来很有趣。（4）"look/sound/feel+asif+从句"结构，意为"看起来/听起来/感觉好像……"。Itlooksasifourclassisgoingtowin.看来我们班好像要获胜了.第27页，共61页。练习Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher___upfromchildhood.A.growB.grewC.wasgrowingD.togrowThemissingboywaslastseen___neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplayAB第28页，共61页。Para.1Twoyearsago,beforetheirparents'death,itwouldhavebeenfun.Note:虚拟条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只隐含在上下文中，如：WhatwouldIhavedonewithoutyou?如果没有你，我怎么办呢？(条件隐含在介词短语withoutyou中。)中文翻译：如果两年前父母还在世的时候，这一定很让人开心。Meaning:Twoyearsago,whentheirparentswerestillalive,travelingbyairwouldhavebeensomethingtheyenjoyed.第29页，共61页。nothingmorethan的用法nothingmorethan+名词

仅仅,只不过e.g.Theyexpectednothingmorethananew-typemachine.他们期望的只不过是一台新型的机器而已。Para.1Nowitwasnothingmorethan

anothertimeofmeetingnewrelatives,tryingtofitintotheirfamilylife,andthenmovingonagain.第30页，共61页。Para.1

Itwasn'teasytothinkoftheseplacesashome.

thinkof…as:havesth.orsb.inmindforsth.orsb.else把……看作；认为---Theydidn’tthinkofthemselvesasguests.---Itwasashocktohimthattheythoughtofhimasanactor.第31页，共61页。Para.2

AmyJacksonthoughtaboutthedayswhentheyhadahomeoftheirown,whenshethoughttheirparentswouldalwaysbewiththem.关系代词与关系副词的选择用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用（即所担当的成分）。试比较：

A.

I

know

a

place

where

we

can

have

a

picnic.

我知道一个我们可以野炊的地方。

I

know

a

place

which

/

that

is

famous

for

its

beautiful

natural

scenery.

我知道一个以自然景色优美而闻名的地方。

I

know

a

place_______

we

can

have

a

picnic.

I

know

a

place

_______

is

famous

for

its

beautiful

natural

scenery.

第32页，共61页。B.

I

will

never

forget

the

days

when

we

spent

our

holidays

together.

我永远忘不了我们一起度假的日子。

I

will

never

forget

the

days

that

/

which

we

spent

together.

我永远忘不了我们一起度过的日子。

C.

This

is

the

reason

why

he

was

dismissed.

这就是他被解雇的原因。

This

is

the

reason

that

/

which

he

explained

to

me

for

his

not

attending

the

meeting.

这就是他向我解释的他没有参加会议的原因。第33页，共61页。关系副词指代先行词在从句中的成分When(=at/in/on/during等介词+which)

Where(=in/at等介词+which)why(=forwhich)

表时间时间状语表地点地点状语表原因原因状语第34页，共61页。关系副词-----when1.when表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词（如:time,day,year,week,month,morning,evening等）,在从句中作时间状语when可换成“at/in/on/during等介词+关系代词”。e.g.Istillremembertheday

when(=onwhich)IfirstcametoNanjing.

Myfatherwasbornintheyear

when(=inwhich)WorldWarⅡbrokeout.第35页，共61页。.ThedaywhenMandelatoldmewhattodoandhelpedhimwasthehappiestdayforJim.ThedayonwhichMandelatoldmewhattodoandhelpedhimwasthehappiestdayforJim第36页，共61页。2.July1,1921wastheday________our

Party

was

founded(成立).(ourPartywasfoundedontheday作状语）

July1,1921wastheday__________wewillnotforget.（wewillneverforgettheday作宾语）whenwhichwhen在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语第37页，共61页。3.Irememberthedays_________Ilivedinmyhometown.(Ilivedinmyhometown

during

the

days

作状语）

Irememberthedays__________Ispentwithmygrandpa.（Ispentthedayswith..the

days作宾语）whenwhich第38页，共61页。

(Para.3Theyweretocelebratetheirfifteenthwedding

anniversary.)

Note:“betodo”isusedtoshowthatsth.musthappenorthatsth.hasbeenprepared(用以表示必会发生或已安排好的事).Youaretoleaveherebefore10o’clock.你必须在10点之前离开这里。TheyaretogetmarriedinJune.他们准备6月结婚。第39页，共61页。Para.4Before,shehadratherenjoyedplayingmotherandhelpingtolookaftertheyoungerchildren,thoughshedidlessforRichardthanshedidforSusie,thebabyofthefamily.rather

adv.稍微，有点,相当，颇,宁愿,相反地int.当然啦，怎么不before

prep.在…之前先于，优于当着…的面与其…conj.在…之前在…以前比…早些与其…adv.先前，从前在前，在前方第40页，共61页。一、rather与其同义词的区分rather作为独立的副词使用,可表示"相当"的意思。其同义词有:pretty,quite,fairly。它们表示"相当"的程度从强到弱依次为:rather,pretty,quite,fairly。例如,对于HarryPorter这本书,有人认为"fairlygood(还可以,还不错)",这种评价通常并不能引起听话人去看这本书的兴趣；有人认为"quitegood(相当不错,值得一看)",这可以说是一种推荐的说法；而如果有人说"rathergood",那就表示"远远胜过其他同类",你可应该看一看了。可见这组词在"相当"程度上的语气差别。当pretty表示"相当"的意思时,通常只用于口语。rather

的用法第41页，共61页。二、rather构成的习惯用语及搭配形式

1.wouldrather宁可,宁愿

(1)wouldrather后接动词原形；表否定时,后接not+动词原形I’llneverbedependentonanyoneagain.Iwouldratherstarve(thanbedependentonanyoneelse).我再也不依靠任何人了。我宁愿饿死(也不靠别人)。

(2)wouldrather后接that从句,从句用虚拟语气,即用一般过去时表示现在或将来的动作或状态,用过去完成时表示过去的动作或状态。如:I’drather(that)yousetouttodothetasknow.我宁愿你现在就着手这项工作。

(3)变体形式:wouldratherdo...thando...Iwouldratherdiethansurrendertotheenemy.我宁可死也不会向敌人屈服。第42页，共61页。2.ratherthan(1)接形容词/名词,表示"与其……,不如……"Thispairofshoesiscomfortableratherthanpretty.这双鞋与其说是漂亮,不如说是舒服。Johnisadoctorratherthanateacher.与其说约翰是个老师,不如说他是个医生。

(2)接名词或代词,可表示"而不是"的意思,相当于短语insteadof或inplaceof。I,ratherthanhe,shouldberesponsibleforthisfailure.该对这次失败负责的是我,而不是他。(3)接动词原形,表示“而不是”。Ratherthanallowthevegetablestogobad,hesoldthemathalfprice.他将蔬菜半价卖掉,而不是让菜坏掉。第43页，共61页。3.orrather,表示"更确切地说",起进一步解释说明的作用。Sheworkedasasecretary,orrather,apersonalassistant.她当了秘书,确切地讲,是私人助理。4.not...butrather...表示"不是……,相反(而是)……"Theirproblemisnotalackoffunding,butratheralackofplanning.他们的问题不是缺乏资金,而是缺乏规划。5.ratherthan与prefer连用,表示"宁愿做……而不愿做……"(1)prefertodo...ratherthando...,如:Theyprefertorepeattheirformerexperiencesratherthantakenewrisks.他们宁可重复以前的经历也不愿意进行新的冒险。(2)prefer+名词...ratherthan+名词,替代prefer...to的用法,如:Ishouldpreferwineratherthanbeer.我宁愿喝红酒而不愿喝啤酒。第44页，共61页。standupto:notaccept拒绝；对抗e.g.Youshouldstanduptoherabitmore.

你应该顶撞她一下。Somebody’sgottostanduptothem.必须有人敢于和他们斗争。Para.6第45页，共61页。Para.6WouldSusiehavebeensoself-willediftheirmotherhadbeenalive?

Note:虚拟条件句所表示的假设是不可能或不太可能发生或实现的。在与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句中，条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，结果主句的谓语用should(第一人称)或would(第二、三人称)+have+过去分词，例如：Iwouldn’thaveknownwhatthesewereforifIhadn’tbeentold.假如没有人告诉我，我不会知道这些东西是做什么用Meaning:WouldSusiehavebeenagirlwhofollowedherownwishesandnotlistenedtoothers’adviceiftheirmotherhadbeenalive?第46页，共61页。Para.5

shock

n.[C;U]afeelingofsurpriseusuallycausedbyasuddenunpleasantevent

震动,

（由爆炸、地震等引起的）剧烈震动,剧烈震荡、电击、打击、激动,震惊、休克、震惊;惊愕;令人震惊的事、浓密的一堆（头发）

e.g.Theyoungprofessor'sdeathwasagreatshocktousall.

那位年轻教授的去世使我们都很震惊。

Iwasnotabletospeakfromtheshock.

我惊骇得说不出话来。v.causegreatsurprise使震惊e.g.Shewasshockedwhensheheardthatthebuildingwastobepulleddown.

当她听说那座楼要被拆毁时，非常震惊。Sheknewhowmuchthebadnewswouldshockme.第47页，共61页。lie:vi.&n.vi.1)putone’sbodyflatonsth.---Helayonthegroundandwenttosleep.2)beorremaininacertainway---Snowlaythickontheground.3)saysth.untrueinordertodeceive---Hismotherwasveryangrybecausehelied.Note:lie的第一和第二个义项的过去式和过去分词分别是lay和lain，而表示说谎时动词变化为规则变化：lied，lied。注意不要和lay（laid,laid）vt.混淆。---Heislyinginbed.---Helaidthenewspaperonthetable.Para.6Shesometimesfoundhimlyinginbed,justlookingattheceiling.

第48页，共61页。复合宾语在英语中，有些动词接了一个宾语后句子意思仍不完整，还需要再加上一个词或短语放在宾语之后来补充说明其身份、特征、状态或所做的动作，这种“宾语＋宾语补足语”结构称为复合宾语.例如：WecallhimJack.我们叫他杰克。这里him是宾语,Jack是宾语补足语Theyappointedhimchairman.他们任命他为主席.这里的him是宾语,chairman是宾语补足语.foundhimlyinginbed,justlookingattheceiling.第49页，共61页。①及物动词+宾语+名词宾补（即复合宾语）②及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（即双宾语）例:①Theymadehimcaptainoftheship.②Shetoldthechildrenaninterestingstory.在句①中，him与captain之间在逻辑上有主语和表语的关系，即“Hewascaptain.”句中him为宾语，captain为宾语补足语，两者合称“复合宾语”。在句②中，children与story之间的关系是及物动词与涉及到的人与物之间的关系。一般表示人的(children)为间接宾语，表示物的(story)为直接宾语，两者合称“双宾语”。第50页，共61页。识别“复合宾语”和“双宾语”的方法有二：其一，看宾语与它后面的词在逻辑上的关系，能改写为主语和表语关系的，是“复合宾语”；若不能，只是及物动词所涉及到的人与事物之间的关系，并且表示人的宾语可以加介词后置的，则为双宾语。其二，英语动词在使用中要符合句型表达习惯。能充当宾语补足语的成分很多，如不定式、分词、形容词、介词结构、名词等。从上面例子可以看出，其中只有名词作宾补时，才有可能引起与“双宾语”结构相混。而能带名词作宾补的动词并不多，常见的有：call,name,make,elect,think,consider,keep,leave,find等。同样，能带双宾语的及物动词在英语中也有一定的范围，如：ask,tell,find,teach,build,make,get,buy,pass,send,sing,spare,show,hand,write,return,read,lend,do等。第51页，共61页。ExercisesⅢ.1.relatively2.avoided3.annual4.fence5.firmly6.appeared7.shocked8.fairⅣ.1.from2.to3.with4.away5.into6.away7.at8.on第52页，共61页。Ⅴ.TranslationThesechildrenaretryingtofitintotheirnewconditions.2.Thehusbandandwifearegoingtocelebratetheirtwentiethweddinganniversarythisyear.3.Thismanenjoysreadingnewspaperandlookingafterhischild.第53页，共61页。4.Hefoundhisdaughterlyinginbedandreadingabook.5.Withherveryfairskin,redhairandblueeye,shelooksmorebeautifulthanbefore.第54页，共61页。1.三个孩子坐在机舱里，注视着云彩随着飞机升空渐渐消散开去。2.虽然父亲常常一连几天绕着牧羊场转来转去，照看着绵羊、草地和围栏，但母亲总是在他们身旁。3.得知父母在悉尼死于车祸的那一天，艾米就意识到了作为家里的长女真正意味着什么。4.苏西当时年纪太小，未能确切地意识到究竟出了什么事情，但通过观察其他的孩子，她知道可怕的事情发生了。5.艾米知道苏西需要一个严厉的大人管教，但似乎阻止一场打斗不在众人面前驳斥她更容易。第55页，共61页。VI．SpotlightonGrammar“beto+不定式”表示将来时间Theyweretocelebratetheirfifteenthweddinganniversary.(PassageA,Unit3)

此句中的weretocelebrate(即beto+不定式)表示按计划或安排将要发生的事情。

“be