专题4.‬动词时态复习2

动词时态复习一般现在时的用法：（1）表示经常发生的动作或者经常存在的状态。经常和表示时间的状语often，always，usually，sometimes，everyday等连用。例如：Mysisterusuallygoestoschoolonfoot.我姐姐经常步行去上学。Weoftenetoschoolatsixinthemorning.我们经常在早上六点到学校。（2）表示某种习惯或者能力，也可以表示职业、特征等。例如：Mymotheroftengetsupveryearlyinthemorning.我的妈妈经常在早上起床很早。Thiskindofcarrunsveryfast.这种小汽车跑得非常快。（3）表示客观事实、客观规律或者客观真理。例如：Thiskindoftreesnevergrowsinthedesert.这种树从来不在沙漠里生长。Doyouknowthatknowledgeispower?你知道知识就是力量吗？（4）在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，表示将来的动作。例如：They’llbesohappywhenItellthem.我告诉他们时，他们会很高兴的。Ifyouaren’thereontimetomorrow,I’llwritetoyourparents.如果你明天不准时到，我就给你父母亲写信。注意：（1）一般现在时的第三人称单数：在一般现在时中，如果句子的主语是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词用其第三人称单数形式。例如：MyfatheroftenwatchesTVafterdinnerathome.我的爸爸经常在晚饭后在家看电视。（2）一般现在时的谓语如果是实义动词，其否定句和一般疑问句要用助动词do，如果主语是第三人称单数时，要用does，doesn’t来构成。例如：Mylittlebrotherdoesn’tdohishomeworkatschool.我的小弟弟不在学校做家庭作业。1.认识从实践开始Knowledge practice.2.如果明天下雨,我们就不去公园了。Ifit tomorrow,we tothepark.【答案】1.beginswith.2.rains,won’tgo一般过去时一般过去时的构成：一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。LastweekTommadeamodelplanewithhisfriendJack.上周汤姆和他的朋友杰克做了一个飞机模型。Tomwasathomeyesterday.汤姆昨天在家。一般过去时的用法：（1）表示过去经常发生的动作或者过去经常存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday，justnow，amomentago，lastweek/year/night，in1985，inthosedays，whenIwasatmiddleschool等连用。例如：Theywenttocollegelastyear.他们是去年上大学。Wehadagoodtimeintheparkyesterday.我们昨天在公园玩得很高兴。（2）表示过去接连发生的一系列动作。例如：Weplayedfootballfirst，thenwentboatingandfishing,，andatlasthadapicnicthere.我们先踢足球，然后去划船、钓鱼。最后我们在那里野餐。注意：（1）表示过去经常或反复的动作，而现在却不这样做了，也可以用usedto+动词原形来表示。例如：Iusedtogetupverylate.我过去总是起床很晚。（2）如果主句的谓语动词是现在完成时，since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。例如：Wehavemadealotoffriendssincewecamehere.自从我们来到这里以来已经交了很多的朋友。（3）谈论某人的出生日期经常用一般过去时。例如：—Whenwereyouborn?你是什么时候出生的？—Iwasbornin1983.我出生于1983年。1.She (notvisit)herauntlastweekend.

2.Myfriend,Lucy, (study)forthemathtestand (practice)Englishlastnight.

【答案】1.didn’tvisit2.studiedpracticed一般将来时（1）will/shall＋动词原形,其中shall常用于第一人称的疑问句。（2）begoingto＋动词原形。例如：WhatareyougoingtodonextSunday？下周日你打算做什么？I’lleandhelpyoutomorrow.我明天来帮助你。Shallwegotothezoo?我们去动物园好吗？一般将来时的用法：表示将来发生的动作或者存在的状态。常和表示将来的时间状语，如tomorrow，nextweek/year/month，thisafternoon/evening，tonight，inafewdays，whenhees等连用。例如：HewillgotoBeijingandseehisfathernextweek.他下个星期打算去北京看他的爸爸。注意：（1）will用来表示有礼貌地询问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时。Willyoupleaselendmeyourbike?请你把你的自行车借我用一下好吗？（2）shall一般和第一人称的代词连用构成，shallI或者shallwe的一般疑问句，用来询问对方的意图和愿望，征求别人同意等。助动词shall引起的一般疑问句征求别人同意时，回答不能用Yes,youshall或者No,youshallnot，应该用Yes,pleasedo.或者No,pleasedon’t.例如：—ShallIclosethewindow?我把窗户关上好吗？—No,pleasedon’t.不，别关。（3）begoingto+动词原形，常用来表示已经决定或安排要做的事，也用于表示必然或很可能发生的事。例如：Theyaregoingtofinishtheworkthisevening.他们打算今天晚上完成这项工作。It’sgoingtosnow.要下雪了。（4）对于动词go，e，start，move，sail，leave，arrive，stay，live,fly等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作（行进时动词）。例如：I'mleavingforBeijing.我要去北京。1.Mary’sbirthdayisonnextMonday.Hermother (give)herapresent.

2.Itisverycoldthesedays.It (snow)soon.

【答案】1.willgive2isgoingtosnow现在进行时主语+be+ving〔现在分词〕:Iam+ving；You/They/Weare+ving;He/She/Itis+ving现在进行时的用法：（1）表示此时此刻正在发生的动作，经常与时间状语now，atpresent，atthistime/moment等连用。例如：Theboysareplayingfootballovertherenow.这些男孩子们正在那边踢足球。MyfatheriswatchingTVwithmymothernow.我的爸爸正在和妈妈一起看电视。（2）表示现阶段正在进行着的动作，但不一定在说话时正在进行。经常与now，thesedays等时间状语连用。例如：IamlearningFrenchinBeijingthesedays.这些天我正在北京学法语。（3）一些瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示一般将来时的意义。表示“即将……”，常伴有表示将来的时间状语。常用的这类动词有e，leave，go，arrive，die等。例如：Hurryup!Thebusising.快点！公共汽车马上就要开了。Heisingbacktomorrow.他明天会回来。1.—Whereisyourfather?—He (fish)bythelake.

2.It’s8o’clock.Thechildren (do)morningexercises.

【答案】1.isfishing2.aredoing过去进行时表示说话的过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。这一特定时间除了有上下文暗示外，经常和表示过去时间的状语then，amomentago，atthistimeyesterday，attenlastnight，atthattime/moment等连用。例如：—Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?昨天这个时候你正在做什么？—Iwascookingwithmymother.我正和我妈妈一起做饭。过去进行时与一般过去时的区别：A.过去进行时表某一行为的“片断”,一般过去时表示行为的“整体”和存在的状态。Iwasreadingthebookatthattime.(未读完，“读”的片段)Ireadthebookyesterday.(已读完，表整个“读”)B.过去进行时多与一段持续的时间状语连用。Itwasrainingallnight整个晚上在下雨。Hewaswritingaletterthewholeofafternoon.他整个下午在写信。C.while引导的时间状语从句常用进行时。Hebrokeachairwhilehewasjumpingupanddown.他在跳上跳下的过程中弄坏了椅子。D．while所在主从句动作持续相等时间时，主从句一般都用进行时；如果两个动作一长一短时，经常是短的用一般过去时，长的用过去进行时。Iwascookingthedinnerwhilehewasplayingthepiano.他在弹钢琴时我在做饭。IsawhimwhileIwaswalkingtothestation.我在去往车站时看见了他。1.当我进来时,他正在读书。2.你写信的时候,我在看书【答案】1.HewasreadingwhenIcamein.2.Whileyouwerewritingletters,Iwasreadingabook.随堂练习一、完成句子1.当爷爷读书时,他戴着眼镜。Grandpaglasseswhenhe.2.沿着这条路走,你将看到挨着银行有一个图书馆Justgodownthisroadandyouthelibrarynexttothebank.3.Paula很高兴她已经找到了她丢失的手表Paulaispleasedthatsheherlostwatch4.我们很骄傲中国这些年正变得越来越强大We’reproudthatChinastrongerandstrongertheseyears.5.汤姆安全地到达了机场。Tom theairportsafely6.我们发现一个男人躺在地上。We amanlyingontheground.7.今天下午有一场足球比赛There afootballgamethisafternoon.【答案】1.wears，reads2.willsee3.hasfound4.isbeing5.reached6found,.7.willbe二、翻译句子我们已经很久没见了。直到上星期五，我才知道你会来。那里有一家工厂正向河里倒废水。【答案】1.Wehavenotseenfoealongtime.2.Ididn’tknowhewouldeuntillastweek.3.Thereisafactorypouringwastewaterintotheriver.一任务型阅读

Stayassafeaspossibleduringanearthquake(地震).Doyouknowwhattododuringanearthquake?Herearesomethingsyoushouldknow.

Ifindoors.Droptotheground;takecoverbygettingunderahardtableorotherpiecesoffurniture;andholditonuntiltheshakingstops.Ifthereisn'tatableordesknearyou,coveryourfaceandheadwithyourarms..Stayawayfromglass,windows,outsidedoorsandwalls,andanythingthatcouldfall,suchaslightingfixturesorfurniture..Stayinsideuntiltheshakingstopsanditissafetogooutside..DONOTusetheelevators.Ifoutdoors.Staythere..Moveawayfrombuildingsandstreetlights..Onceintheopenair,staythereuntiltheshakingstops.Thegreatestdangerexistsdirectlyoutsidebuildings.Ifinamovingcar.Stopasquicklyassafetypermitsandstayinthecar.Avoidstoppingnearorunderbuildings,treesandutilitywires.Iftrappedunderdebris(瓦石乐).DONOTlightamatch..DONOTmoveaboutorkickupdust..Coveryourmouthwithahandkerchieforclothing..Shoutonlyasalastresort(求生机会).根据文章内容完成下列表格。PlaceWhatshouldyoudo?indoors1.________bygettingunderahardtableorotherpiecesoffurniture.outdoors2._________

awayfrombuildingsandstreetlights.ina3.__________carStopasquicklyassafetypermitsandstayinthecar.underdebrisYoucan't4.

__________amatchandmoveaboutorkickupdust.Shoutfor5.__________

.【答案】1.hide2.move/stay3.moving4.light5.help二任务型阅读Therearemanythingsyoucandotoimproveyourmemory(记忆力).Amongthemaremanykindsofusefulwaysarewellastakingspecialcareofyourhealth.Itisimportantthatyoumakeyourselfexcitedtomakeyourmemorymoreactive.Youcandothisbydoingsomenewactivitiesandbychangingyourdailyhabits（习惯）.Learninganewskillhelpsyourbrain（大脑）todevelop.Whentryingtoremembersomething,youshouldpayspecialattentiontothemostimportantthingsaboutit.Donotallowotherthoughtstoenteryourmindbecausethiswillreduceyourchancesofmakingrightmemories.Anexcellentwaytohelpmemoryistoconnectinformationwithpictures.Trytoseethepicturesinyourmind.Takingnotesandkeepingadiarywillalsobehelpful.Healthyfoodandplentyofvitaminsarenecessaryforyourmemorytoworkwell.Drinkingalotofwateralsohelpskeepyourmemory.Youmustallowyourbraintohaveenoughsleepandrest.Whenyouareasleep,yourbrainstoresmemory.Notenoughsleepcancauseproblemswithstoringinformation.Andbeingtiredwillalsostopyoufrombeingabletothinkclearlyandwell.Inordertokeepyourmindonyourwork,youmustbefreefromworry.Generallykeepingfitandnormalhealthchecksarebothimportantaswellnotjustforimprovingyourmemory.

TitleHowtoImproveYourMemoryMain___1_____:

Looking____2____yourhealthwellspeciallyMakingyourselfexcitedtomakeyourmemorymoreactiveby___3____insomenewactivitiesandchangingyourdailyhabits.Payingattentiontothemostimportantthings,inordertoaddtoyourchancestomakerightmemoriesConnectinginformationwithpictures.Takingnotesandkeeping____4_____Otherways

Eating____5_____foodandtakingplentyofvitaminsDrinkingalotofwater

Havingenoughsleepandrest【答案】1.ways2.after3.joining4.diaries5.healthy三任务型阅读，每空一词。Goodmorning,boysandgirls.TodayI’llgiveyouatalkaboutgoingonline.WeknowthattherearetoomanyNetbars(网吧)aroundus.TheInternetmakesourlivesinteresting.Manyofuslikegoingonlineverymuchbecausewecanlearnhowtousetheputer.WecanlearnEnglishandreadsomenewspapersandmagazinestoknowmoreinformationaroundus.Itcanmakeuscleverinplayingputergames.Alsowhenwesendemailstoourfriends,theycangetthemrightaway.Itcanhelpuskeepintouchwithpeoplefromallovertheworld.ButsomestudentsspendtoomuchtimeinplayingputergamesandsomestayintheNetbarsalldayandallnight.Ittakesthemtoomuchtimetochatonlinesodon’tstudywellanymore.Ithinkwemustn’tgetonlinewhenitistimeforustostudy.Wecandoitinsummerorwinterholidays.Ithinkweshouldgetonlinewithourteachersorparents.Atthesametime,ifwehavelotsoffreetime,wecandosomeactivitiesafterschool.Weusuallyhaveactivitiesfrom4:50to5:50intheafternoon.Wecanplaybasketballorfootball.Wealsohavesomeinterestgroupsinschool,suchasdrawing,singinganddancing.WecangototheEnglishcorneronMondayafternoon.IhopewecanspendmoretimeonoursubjectsoronsuchactivitiesthatwecanlearnalotfromandlesstimeontheInternet.That’sall!Thankyou.Title:A1

aboutgoingonlineAdvantages(优点)●Makeourlives2●Learnhowtousetheputerandcangetmore3.●Sendemailstoourfriendsanytimeandtheycangetthemright

4.●Helpuskeepin5withpeoplefromallovertheworld.Disadvantages(缺点)●It6

toomuchtimetoplayputergames.●Somestudentsspendtoomuchtime7

online,sotheydo8intheirlessons.9Doitinsummerorwinterholidays;dosome10

activitiesandhavesomeinterest

groupsinschool.【答案】1.talk 2.interesting 3.information4.away 5.touch6.takes 7.chatting 8.worse/badly9.Advice/Suggestions 10.afterschool四EveryweekendinBritain,DIYshopsandgardencentresarealwaysfullofpeople.Alargenumberofpeoplespendtheirweekendsdoingimprovements(改进)totheirhomesinsteadofhavingarest.DIYprojectsareverypopularandtherearelotsofTVprogrammeswhichshowpeoplehowtheycanimprovetheirhomes.Somepeoplelikedecoratingbetter–puttingupwallpaperandpaintingwalls,alsotherearemanyotherDIYprojectsthatpeopledecidetotakeon,fromchangingthenewfloortomakinganewshower.Theyarenotsodifficultforthem.Unluckily,somepeoplebiteoffmorethantheycanchew(不自量力),andtrytotakeonjobswhichalwaysgowrongintheend.Forexample,theshopsoftentellpeoplethatit’snotsafe(安全的)forapersontodoanythingelectrical(电的).However,manypeopledon’tcareaboutthisadviceandputthemselvesindanger.[来源:]SomethingaboutDIYprojectsinBritainOnweekends★DIYshopsandgardencentresarefilled1people.★Manypeopleimprovetheirhomesinsteadofresting.Way★By2TVprogrammes.3★Somepeoplelike4decorating,suchasputtingupwallpaperAndpaintingwalls.★Somepeopletakeonsomeotherimprovements,suchaschangingthenewfloorandsettinganewshower.ProblemIt’s5thatmanypeopledon’tcareabouttheadvice.【答案】1.with2.watching3.Kinds4.easy5.dangerous五阅读下列短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）InAmerica,manystudentsuseblogs（博客）asdiariesandplacestolookforadviceorfindhelp.It’sveryhot.Manystudentsaredoingit.“Iwriteaboutmyactivitieseveryday,funnythings,orquestionsinmylife,”saysMary,astudentatamiddleschool.Tom,astudentatahighschool,says,“Ilikepostingpicturesonmyblog.Postingpicturesisawaytomakemyblogmorebeautifulandmanypeoplelikethem.It’sawindowintomylifeinafunway.”Hehasbeenwritingtheblogforeightmonths.Studentslikewritingblogsbecausethey’reeasyandthey’refree.Theycanwritewhattheylike,think,feelorpostpictures.Theydon’tneedtospendanymoney.“BeforeIwriteablog,Ineverreallyhaveaplacetowritedownmyideasorshowmypicturestopeople,”saysKate,astudentatacollege.Formanystudents,theblogbeesaplacetolookforhelpwiththeirproblems.Theylookforsupportforadvicefromanyone.“Itletsmewritedownanyproblems.Andsometimes,thingsareeasierifyouwritethemoutfirst,”Bedasays.Informationabout1InAmerica,manystudentsuseblogsas2andplacestolookfor_3or4