考向42任务型阅读之阅读还原（难点）-2023年中考英语一轮复习考点微专题（原卷版）

考向42任务型阅读之阅读还原（2022·广西柳州·中考真题）Doestalkinginfrontofpeoplemakeyoushy?Ifso,youarenotalone.Manypeopleintheworldsufferfromshynessandwanttochangethissituation.___1___Herearesometipsforyou.Findoutthecauseofyourshyness.Doyoubeeshyinfrontofnewlisteners?Pleasetrytofindoutthethoughtsthatgothroughyourheadbeforetheshynessesout.You’reokaybeingaroundyourfamily,right?Aretheydifferentfromthestrangersaroundyou?Ofcoursenot.___2___Placeyourattentiononothers.Formostofus,whenwethinkwewillfeelnervousifwespeakuporstandout,webeeshy.___3__Whenyoustoppayingattentiontoyourself,youstopworryingaboutyourperformance（表现）.___4___Youhavegotusedtohearingyourownvoice.Recordyourvoicepretending（假装）tohaveconversationswithothers.Atthebeginningyou’llfeellikeanactor,butsoonitwillbeeahabit.Afterdoingitforsometime,youwillbeabletovoiceyouropinionsbravely.Stopparingyourselftoothers.Themoreyoupareyourselftoothers,themoreyouwillfeelshybecauseyoumaythinkyouarenotgoodenough.___5___Everyoneelsemusthavehisownconfidenceproblemstoo.根据短文内容，从下列七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。A．Listentoyourownvoice.B．Practisespeakingloudlytoyourself.C．That’swhyyoushouldnoticeothersinstead.D．Trynottothinkaboutyourowndisadvantages.E．However,ittakestimeandefforttosolvetheproblem.F．Youjustknowthembetterandwhat’smore,theyknowyouaswell.G．Theymayneverseeyouagain,sowhydoyoucarewhatothersthinkofyou?任务型阅读之阅读还原阅读还原题难度有所增加。但是它是英语中考试卷中的一个重要题型。10分的分值。阅读还原题可分为正文和选项两个部分，正文通常是200词左右的短文，文中有5个句子被挖空，正文后给出六个选项，要求考生根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。该题型主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。总的来说，这样题型难度要大于传统的阅读理解题，对学生把握文章结构脉络、逻辑思维能力和语言综合运用能力，有更高的要求。一、题型特点：考查体裁有说明文、议论文、记叙文，其中以说明文为主。因为说明文结构比较清晰，适合考查标题概括、主题句、过渡句等，从而考查学生对行文结构、脉络层次的综合分析能力。题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容），过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。二、解题步骤：要做好阅读还原题，先要使用高效、快速的解题步骤。（一）分析选项，串联主题：在开始解题前，了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。如果文章有标题，标题往往就点出了文章的主题。如果文章没有给出标题，就需要同学们快速分析出主题。但是正文中空缺了五处，结构和逻辑可能被打断。而且阅读文章要耗费一定时间，考场上需要争分夺秒，所以建议同学们直接从选项着手，勾画选项关键词，串联出文章主题。关键词包括：名词、动词、形容词、数词、代词等。因为正文通常都是说明文，选项中反复出现的高频词、词组，通常就是文章的说明对象。如果6个选项中没有同一高频词、词组出现，就把各个选项的核心关键信息进行叠加，也可以总结出文章的主题。（二）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案：了解了文章主题，马上开始第二步：解答题目。此时需要回到文中，重点阅读空格附近的句子，圈定线索词，再和选项进行比对，锁定和线索相关的选项，从而确定答案。如果有题目拿不准，不要把宝贵的时间耗在一道题上，在一棵树上吊死。先放过此题，继续往下，把容易的题目做完，再返回来攻克难题。此时可用的备选项已经缩小范围，选择起来难度自然小了很多。（三）复读短文，核对答案：做完了所有的题目，为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。看文章从内容上、逻辑上是否通顺连贯，直白地说，就是检查文章是否读得通、读得懂，符合逻辑。三、解题技巧：六选五题型最实用的技巧有三种：线索法、结构法和逻辑关系法。（一）线索法解答一道题目，首先考虑线索法，这是最简单、最好用的方法。尤其是英语基础差的同学，用好线索法，在读不懂句子的情况下，也很有可能做对题目。线索法，就是在空格前后圈定线索词，然后在选项中查找该线索词的原词或同反义词复现。线索词主要包括代词、名词（尤其是时间、地点、名称等专有名词）、数词、动词等。1、代词指代当选项，空格前后出现代词，一定要重视，绝对是解题的超级线索。出现代词，就说明前文中有代词指代的具体人或事物。利用这一线索，解答题目就相当的简单。2、词语复现：词语复现包括原词复现和同反义词复现，即正确选项和空格前后句子有相同的词或同反义词相互呼应。抓住这些复现线索，题目自然迎刃而解。需要指出的是，词语复现法解题十分管用，但这并不意味着凡与上下文有复现词的选项就一定是正确选项，只是正确的可能性更大，在解题过程中需重点考虑或优选考虑而已。是否为正确答案，还得将选项代入原文，检验选项与上下文能否自然衔接，只有上下衔接紧密的才是正确选项。（二）结构法：当文中出现明显的结构词、词组，或空格句在一些特殊位置，如段首、段尾等，要考虑文章、段落的行文结构，根据空格句在文中所起的作用，来考虑作答。文中出现结构词、词组：当文中有first,second,next,then,finally等明显的结构词，圈出这些结构词，理清文章或段落结构，对解题有很大的帮助。1、空格句在段首(1)段落主题句：阅读后文的内容，推断出段落主题，选出正确选项。(2)过渡句：在后文找不到解题线索时，就要想到空格句子可能起到承上启下的作用，试着从上一段的结尾处寻找线索。正确选项通常与上一段结尾能够自然地衔接起来。2、空格句在段尾(1)总结、概括性句子：阅读选项，先搜寻选项中是否有表总结的词、词组，如intheend，inaword等等；再看哪个选项是对前文内容的总结、概括。(2)过渡句：引出下一段的内容。如果在前文中找不到线索，就从下一段的开头寻找提示，看看是否有哪个选项可以和下一段开头形成有机的衔接。(3)本段所阐述问题的一个方面：段尾的空格句是段落主题下的一个细节，和前文是并列、排比、转折等关系。抓住关联词或段落结构，对比选项，得出答案。(4)首段末句：空格句在第一段末尾出现，很有可能是全文的主题句。此时要把握全文主题来分析作答。（三）逻辑关系法逻辑关系法，即通过分析句子间逻辑关系进行解题。文中出现逻辑关系词、词组时，可以快速判断出句子间的逻辑关系，是选择答案时的重要线索。中考常见逻辑关系词、词组如下：并列关系：and,andalso,notonly…butalso…,…递进关系：then,besides,what’smore,…因果关系：because,since,as,therefore,asaresult,thanksto,becauseof,…转折、对比关系：but,however,ontheotherhand,while,ratherthan,insteadof,itistruethat,ofcourse，though,although,eventhough,evenif…列举关系：first/second/third…,inthefirstplace/inthesecondplace,tobeginwith,ononehand…ontheotherhand,foronething…foranother…举例关系：forexample,suchas…,take…forexample,…条件关系：if,aslongas,unless…基础练（2023·陕西西安·西北大学附中校考二模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thewordfamilyhasspecialmeaningstoeveryone.Ahappyfamilyiswhateveryoneisthirstyfor.However,becauseofdifferentpersonalities,values,livinghabits,interestsandhobbies,someunhappythingsmayhappenamongfamilymembersattimes.____1____Learntosaythanksandsorry.Weareusedtosayingthanksandsorrytoothers,butoftenwedon’tdothattoourfamilymembers.____2____Andsayingsorrymakesthemfeelunderstood.municatewitheachotheroften.municationcanhappeninanyplaceatanytime.Wecantalkaboutourexperiencesandfeelingswithourfamilymembersinthecar,atthedinnertableoronthewaybackhome.____3____Sharehousework.____4____Sinceweliveinonehouse,weshoulddoourpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.It’seasytohelpdochoreslikemakingthebedordoingthedishes.Inthisway,wecanunderstandtheideaoffairness.Spendmoretimetogether.Wearebusyaroundallday,butnothingismoreimportantthanspendingtimewithfamilymembers.Eithereatingmealsortravelingtogetherisagoodchoice.____5____A．Helpingaroundthehousebringsfamilymembersmuchcloser.B．Sohowcanweachievefamilyhappiness?C．Notonlywillthisallowustoenjoythedeeplovebutitcanalsobringusmoresweetmemories.D．Bytalking,wecanknowwearecaringabouteachother.E．Sayingsorryisnotverynecessary.F．Bysayingthanks,wecanmakeourfamilymembersfeelthey’reimportant.G．Itencouragespeopletomakehandmadegiftsfortheirlovedfamilymembers.（2023·山东济南·山东大学附属中学校考一模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weallknowthatexerciseisgoodforus,don’twe?____6____Justthinkingabouthavingtorunorswimalongwaycanbeenoughtomakesomepeoplewanttoliedownandgiveup!However,didyouknowthatexerciseisnotallaboutdoingsport?____7____Movingourbodiescausesourbrainstogiveoutsomespecialchemicalsthatcreateagoodfeeling.Justtenminutesofworkingoutcanleaveusfeelinghappier.Moreover,regularexercisehelpsusfeelfresherandgettosleepmoreeasily.Finally,ifweconnectourexercisewithahealthydiet,wewilllookhealthierandfeelmoreconfidentaboutourselves.Soundslikeagooddeal,doesn’tit?____8____Ifexercisehasn’tbeenpartofyourlifeforalongtime,thereisnopointtrainingforamarathon(马拉松):youwillsoongiveupandgobacktoyouroldways!Walkingandridingbikesaroundthelocalparkfortenminuteseverydayaregreatwaystodevelopafitnesshabit.Chooseanactivitythatnotonlyexercisesyourbody,butthatyoualsoenjoy.Somepeoplesimplygojoggingwhilelisteningtotheirfavouritemusic.Otherstakeupactivitiessuchasdancingorplayingbasketballwiththeirfriends.Maketheexperiencemoreenjoyableasyouworkout.____9____Itdoesn’tmatterhowmuchweexercise.Doingregularexerciseisn’tjustaboutappearance.____10____Whowouldn’twantthat?A．Startsmall!B．Thatway,you’llnevergiveitup!C．It’saboutbeinghealthierandfeelinghappier.D．Forastart,exerciseisnotjustaboutthebody.E．Butwealsoknowthatnoteverybodylovesdoingit.F．Ifyoudon’texerciseforalongtime,itwillbeuseless.G．Keepingadietisanotherwaytokeepourbodyinagoodcondition.（2023·江苏宿迁·统考一模）阅读短文，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Nooneisperfect.It’snotalwayseasytogetalongwitheveryone.Whatshouldwedowhenwehurtsomeone’sfeelings?____11____Whyapologize(道歉)?Sayingyou’resorryismorethanjustwords.You’realsosayingthatyoucareabouthisorherfeelings.Afterapologizing,youwillfeelalittlebetter.Theotherpersonprobablywill,too.Whatdoesanapologysoundlike?____12____Herearesomeexamples:I’msorryIlostyourbook.Iwascrazy,butIshouldn’thavecalledyounames.I’msorry.I’mreallysorryIpushedyou.Thatwaswrong.Iwon’tdoitanymore.Whenshouldweapologize?Herearesometimeswhenanapologycanmakethedifference:Ifyouhurtsomeone,evenifyoudidn’tmeanit.____13____Ifyoudidn’tkeepapromise.____14____Sometimesaheartfelt(诚挚的)“I’msorry”fixeseverythingrightaway.Atothertimes,itmighttakealongtimeforsomeonetogetpastfeelingsad.____15____A．Weshouldapologize.B．Doesapologizingfixeverything?C．Doyouoftenhurtothers?D．Ifyoutoldalieorbrokearule.E．Youmayneedtogivetheotherpersonsometime.F．Therearemanywaystoapologize.G．Canwerefusetoapologize?提升练（2022·云南曲靖·统考一模）Theweather’sgettingcooler;thetreesareturningbrown—it’sautumn!Whydoleavesturnyellow?Inautumn,leavesgofromgreentoorange,red,yellowandbrown.Achemicalcalledchlorophyll(叶绿素)playsarole.____16____Thisfeedsthetreeandkeepstheleavesgreen.Butasautumnes,thechlorophyllbeesless.Thegreencolorgoesaway,andnowwecanseetheothercolorsintheleaves.____17____Inautumn,applesaregoodforyouandtherearelotsofotherantiinflammatory(抗炎的)foodstotryaswell,suchascabbage,cauliflower(花椰菜),garlic,peas,gingerandallkindsoflettuce.Isitautumnorfall?____18____BothofthemwereborninBritain.Whatexactlyyoushouldcallthatseasondependsonwhereintheworldyouareandwhomyouask.____19____ButifyoutravelacrosstheAtlanticandetotheUS,you’llfindthatAmericanpeopleusebothfallandautumnwhenreferringtothistimeofyear.Dosomeoutdooractivities!Autumnisaperfectseason,withafortabletemperatureforpeopletodosomeoutdoorevents.Gohikingupthemountainorbikingdowntheroadinthecountryside.____20____A．Whatarethespecialfoodsinautumn?B．Icansmellautumndancinginthebreeze.C．Justgiveyourselfabreaktoenjoynature.D．Chlorophyllhelpstreesmakesugarfromsunlight.E．InGreatBritain,itusuallyhasonlyonename:autumn.F．Manypeopleloveautumnforthechangingcolorsofleaves.G．Thethirdseasonoftheyearhastwonames,autumnandfall.（2022·江西南昌·南昌二中校联考模拟预测）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。一空一句。Youknowyouhavetoread“betweenthelines”togetthemostoutofanything.Iwanttotellyousomethingimportantduringyourreading.Youshouldn’tmarkabookwhichisn’tyours.___21___Ifyouthinkitusefultomarkbooks,youwillhavetobuythem.Therearetwowaysinwhichonecanownabook.Thefirstistogettherightbypayingforit,justasyoupayforclothesandfurniture.Butfullownershipesonlywhenyouhavemadeitapartofyourself.___22___Therearethreekindsofbookowners.Thefirsthasallthebestsellers—unreadanduntouched.Thesecondhasagreatmanybooks.___23___Thethirdhasafewdogeared(翻折的)books,whicharemarkedfromfronttoback.Whyismarkingabooknecessary?First,itkeepsyouawake.Inthesecondplace,readingisthinking.___24___Themarkedbookisusuallythethoughtthroughbook.Finally,writinghelpsyourememberthethoughtsyouhad,orthethoughtsthewriterexpressed.Ifreadingistolearnanythingmorethanpassingtime,itmustbeactive.Thebookyoureadforpleasurecanbereadinastateofrelaxation,andnothingislost.Butforagreatbook,richinideas,readingmustbeactive.___25___Youshouldeupwithanunderstandingofwhatyouhaveread.A．It’smoreimportantthan“betweenthelines”.B．Youcan’tletyoureyesmoveacrossthelines.C．Areaderwillreceiveeverythingthebookpresents.D．Peoplewholendyoubooksexpectyoutokeepthemclean.E．Butmostofthemareascleanasthedaytheywerebought.F．Andthinkingcanexpressitselfinwords,spokenorwritten.G．Thebestwaytomakeyourselfapartofitisbywritinginit.（2022·重庆渝中·重庆巴蜀中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Earlierlastmonth,myparentsandIhadafreeday.Wedecidedtocooktogetherinthekitchen.Forourweekendmenu,wedecidedtomakesmokedpork.Ifoundthisrecipeonline.___26___,sowedecidedtomakeitfordinneroneweekendtogether.First,accordingtotherecipe,___27___.Theprocesswouldtakealongtime,somomstartedworkingonitearlythenightbefore.Momfirstthawed(解冻)theporkandthenspreadsalt,sugarandpepperonitssurface.Afterthat,___28___andrefrigerateditfortwodays.Twodayslater,theporkwasreadyforthenextsteps.Tomakesmokeddishesindoors,weneededtousealuminumfoil(铝箔).Afterthat,___29___,andmotherwasresponsibleforpreparingtheingredients.Iwasresponsibleforspreadingtheblackteaandsugarontheslicesandaluminumfoilandthenalayerofbakingpaper.Finally,___30___.Aftermorethantenminutesofsmokingandafewminutesoffrying,thesmokedporkwasplete.Theporkwasveryjuicy.Withanapplevinegarsauce,themeatwasevenmoredelicious.Afterworkingtogether,therelationshipbetweenourfamilymembershasbeemoreharmonious.Ifeelhappytohavecookedwithmyparents.Ihopewewillcookmoredeliciousmealstogetherinthefuture,A．theporkneededtobesaltedB．shewrappedtheporkinaplasticbagC．ItlookedinterestingandthestepsweresimpleD．theporkshouldbethawedE．dadwasresponsibleformakingtheporkintoslicesF．IputtheslicesofporkonthesmokingshelfG．dadwasresponsibleforputtingtheporkonthealuminumfoil真题练（2022·湖北荆门·统考中考真题）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Happypeoplehavehappyhabits,which,inturn,makethemhappier.___31___Developgoodselfcarepractices.Exercise,eathealthilymostofthetime,getenoughsleep,andbekindtoyourself.___32___Doonetoday.___33___Expressyourthankstothosewhohavemadeadifferenceinyourlife.Sendacard.Writealetter.Visitinperson.Payattentiontothegood.___34___Takepictures.Keepscrapbooks(剪贴簿).Thishelpsleadourbrainstothefactthatthingsareactuallygoingprettywell.RickHanson,theauthorofthebookHardwiringHappiness,haspopularizedthisphrase.Livelikeyou’reonvacation.Whatmakesthetimewespendonvacationbetterthanthetimewespendathome?___35___Wearetryingdifferentthings.Althoughthereareplentyofthingsthatwillbefunathome,it’salsoagoodideatoplanatimetobeatouristinyourowntown.Liveameaningfullife.Besuretoyourselfandliveinlinewithyourvalues.Askyourself:WhatdoIwantinlife?WhatsmallstepscanItaketomoveinthatdirection?A．Weareopentonewexperiences.B．Keepintouchwithothers.C．Writedowngoodthingsthathappeneachday.D．Here’salistofhabitsthatcanincreaseyourhappiness.E．Shareyourthanksandlove.F．Youshouldremembertotakecareofothers.G．Therearealsomanyotherselfcareideas.（2022·山东济南·统考中考真题）Leadingyoungpeopletotakeupphysicalexerciseisreallyimportant.____36____Butareportrecentlyshowsthatonlyhalfofgirlswhowerequestionedbyresearchersenjoydoingsports.____37____Whatarethereasons?Becauseoftheirdislikeoftheclothestheyareaskedtowearandthelack（缺乏）offacilities（设备）todotheirhairafterwards.Asmoregirlsthanboysfailtotakepartinphysicalactivities,thisisseenasaproblemthatneedsdealingwith.ManyofthegirlsquestionedsaidtheydislikedwearingtheskirtsthatareoftenpartofPEclothesandthattheclothesshouldbemorefortabletowear.ThegirlswantedtohavethechancetosaywhatthePEclothesshouldlooklike.Theysuggestedclothingshouldcovermoreoftheirbodies,suchasleggingsandhighneckedshirts.____38____Anotherkeyproblemthegirlsreportedwasnothavingthefacilitiesavailabletodotheirhairaftertheyhadtakenpartinexercise.Thegirlsbeinginterviewedwantedprivatespacewheretheycouldgetchanged.Theyfeltschoolsshouldsupplyhairdryerssothattheycouldstyletheirhair.____39____Theycouldusethistimetodotheirhairandmakesuretheylookedthesameastheydidbeforetheclass.Theresearchersarguethatsincegirlsworryagreatdealabouthowtheylookduringtheirteenageyears,itisimportantthatschoolstaketheseproblemsseriously.____40____Someteachersfeelsportsshouldkeepyoungers’mindsoffhowtheylook.Itshouldhelpthemseethevalueofkeepingphysicallyfit,enjoyingteamspiritandachievingtheirsuccessandnotworryingaboutwhattheirhairlookslike.A．Girlshadthefollowing