2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit4SpaceExplorationSectionⅠListeningandSpeakingReadingandThinking作业含解析新人教版必修第三册

PAGEUnit4SpaceExplorationUnit4SectionⅠ请同学们仔细完成[练案13]一、语言基础训练Ⅰ．单词拼法1．ScientistssaythesurfaceoftheEarthiscracked(裂开)likea__giant__(巨大的)eggshell.2．We__desire__(期望)thatimmediatehelpbegiventothelocalvillagerswhohavebeentrappedbytheflood.3．Weare__determined__(有决心的)togettheworkdonebeforeNewYear’sDay.4．EverytimeIcatchsightofmyselfinthemirror,Ifeelso__disappointed__(懊丧的)．5．Peterwilltakeuphispostastheheadofthetravel__agency__(代理处)attheendofnextmonth.6．Thecountriesare__independent__(独立的)andaregovernedindifferentways.7．Earlyastronomersthoughtthatourplanetwasthecentreofthe__universe__(宇宙)．8．Therailway__signal__(信号)wasonred,sothetrainstopped.9．The__frontier__(国界)issowellguardedthatnoonecangetacross.10．InthirtyyearsfromnowtheUnitedStatesshouldhaveamanned__spacecraft__(宇宙飞船)onMars.Ⅱ．单句语法填空1．Asastudentinseniorhighschool,themostimportanttaskistostudyhard,which__determines__(determine)ourfuture.2．Theydidn’ttaketheactivityseriously.Itwasnotwellorganised,whichmadeusvery__disappointed__(disappoint)．3．Yourparentsalwaystrytheirbesttosatisfyallyour__desires__(desire)．4．Afterthat,Igotusedtocorrectmyownhomeworkandbecamemore__independent__(independence)．5．Ittookthemanentiredaytogo__through__theforest.6．Ioftenlook__up__thenewwordsinthedictionary.7．It’sdifficulttocarry__on__thediscussionwithallthisnoisearoundus.8．Welookedthroughmanybooks__in__thehopeofgettingfurtherinformation.9．Heturnedoffthelightsoas__tofall__(fall)asleepquickly.10．NotonlyTombutalsoI__am__(be)fondofswimming.Ⅱ．选词填空succeedin，onboard，findout，lookupat，believein，inthehopeof，gowrong，carryon1．Therecanbenodoubtthatyouwill__succeedin__yourscientificresearch.2．Theyneedtointerviewsomepeopleand__findout__iftheyliketheirjobs.3．Laterwelearntthattherewasaveryimportantperson__onboard__.4．You__lookupat__theskyandifit’sclear,itisagooddayandyou’rehappy.5．Someofhissupportershavestopped__believingin__him.6．Whenthings__gowrong__atwork,ourhealthcansuffer.7．Herbraveryhasgivenhimthewillto__carryon__withhislifeandhiswork.8．TheymovedtoLiège__inthehopeof__gettingbettertreatment.二、培优提升训练Ⅰ．阅读理解Somenewcomets(彗星)havebeendiscoveredaccidentallybyamateur(业余的)astronomers.Surprisinglyafewbrightcometshavebeendiscoveredwiththenakedeye(肉眼)bymembersofthegeneralpublic.However,agreatnumberofcometsarefoundbycomethunterscarryingouttelescopesearchesofchosenareasofthenightsky.AsthemovementofallcometsisdirectedaroundtheSunandbecausethesebodiesbrightenastheymovetowardstheSun,thereisagreaterpossibilityforthediscoveryofanewcometintheskiestowardstheSunratherthanawayfromtheSun’sdirection.Thismeansthatsearchesshouldbeputonthewesternskyaftereveninglightandontheeasternskybeforemorninglight.Fromtheastronomicalpointthereisnotimeduringtheyearwhichisthebestforthediscoveryofnewcomets.AsearchcanbedoneatanytimeprovidingthereisnobrightMoon.Studiesdoneonthediscoveryconditionsofcometsdiscoveredbeforeshowthatmorecometshavebeendiscoveredinthemorningskythanintheeveningsky.Thusthesmartcomethuntershouldmakesurethatmorningactivityreceivesasmuchifnotmoreattentionthananyeveningeffort.Inrecenttimes,theuseofadvancedCCDtechnologytodiscoverobjectsclosetotheEarthwillinthefuturegreatlyreducethechancesofnewcometsbeingfoundwithsmalltelescopes.AnexampleofthenewtechnologyistheverysuccessfulLINEARprogramoperatinginNewMexico.However,untilasimilarsystemisbasedinthesouthernhalfoftheEarththerewillcontinuetobechancesforthediscoveryofnewcometswhichcomefromthesouth.文章大意：本文是说明文。文章介绍了观测彗星的要领。1．Whatarecomethuntersadvisedtodo？__D__A．LookawayfromtheSun.B．Staywherethere’sbrightlight.C．Facethewesternskyinthedaytime.D．Turntotheeastintheearlymorning.解析：细微环节理解题。由其次段中的“Thismeansthatsearchesshouldbeputonthewesternskyaftereveninglightandontheeasternskybeforemorninglight.”可知，早晨太阳出来之前应观测东面的天空。故选D。2．Whatdoweknowaboutthetimeforthediscoveryofnewcomets？__C__A．Dayswhenthey’reclosetotheEartharegreatchances.B．Certainfixeddaysarebestforwatchingcomets.C．Everydayisthesameifthere’snobrightMoon.D．DayswiththeMoonshouldneverbemissed.解析：细微环节理解题。由第三段中的“AsearchcanbedoneatanytimeprovidingthereisnobrightMoon.”可知，只要没有月亮，每一天对彗星猎人来说都一样可以观测。故选C。3．Whichofthefollowingisasmartideaforcomethunters？__B__A．Payingmoreattentioninthemorningthanintheafternoon.B．Beingequallyseriousbothinthemorningandafternoon.C．Beingmorerelaxedinthemorningthanintheafternoon.D．Formingahabitofworkingonlyinthemorning.解析：推理推断题。由第四段中的“Thusthesmartcomethuntershouldmakesurethatmorningactivityreceivesasmuchifnotmoreattentionthananyeveningeffort.”可知，早晚观测彗星应当投入一样的精力。故选B。4．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheCCDtechnology？__B__A．It’ssimilartoatelescope.B．It’lldisappointcomethunters.C．It’sspreadingallovertheworld.D．It’llmakecomethuntersfeellucky.解析：推理推断题。由最终一段中的“theuseofadvancedCCDtechnology...greatlyreducethechancesofnewcometsbeingfoundwithsmalltelescopes”可知，这种技术降低了追星猎人发觉新的彗星的概率，因此他们应当会感到有些悲观。故选B。Ⅱ．七选五依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtochangetheworldYouwanttochangetheworld,butyouaren’tsurewheretostart.First,rememberthatchangingtheworldcanmeansomanydifferentthings.Understandwhat’swrong.__1.A__Theworldissuchabigplace,soyouwon’tbeabletochangemuchifyoudon’tunderstandwhat’sgoingonoutthere.Trytolearnaboutwhatishappeningbothhomeandabroad.Knowthatchangedoesn’tcomeovernight.__2.G__Trytoliveyourvalueseachday,evenifyoudon’tseemuchchangeonaday-to-daylevel.Workhardanddon’tgiveup.Startsmall.Findwaystomakeadifferenceeveryday.Itmayfeelasthoughyouarejustonetinypartofahugesystem.Atfirst,youalmostcertainlywillbe.Bepatient.__3.C__Trytoputyouractivismintopracticeandmakeitareality.__4.B__Writeletterstonewspapers；postanarticle,video,orideaontheInternet；wearaspecialT-shirt.Ifyouthinkthatitisimportantandworthyofattention,trytoraiseawareness(意识)bytellingasmanypeopleasyoucan.Consideracareer(事业)．Thinkaboutwhichsortofjobmightputyouinthebestpositiontochangetheworld.__5.E__Therearealotofwaystogetpaidforaddingvaluetotheworld.Startresearchingtofindjobsinfieldsthatfeelvaluable.A．Readthenews.B．Spreadtheword.C．AllthingsbeginsmallD．Rememberthatyoudon’tneedtodoitalone.E．Youcouldbeteacher,areporter,orsomethingelse.F．Thereareother,lesspublicwaystoshowyoursupport!G．Don’texpecttochangetheworldwithonebigheroicact.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变更世界的几种方法。解析：1．由该段小标题Understandwhat’swrong和本段中的“Trytolearnaboutwhatishappeningbothhomeandabroad.”可知，要变更世界，首先得多看新闻，了解目前国内外的形势，哪些问题须要改进，故选A项。2．由该段小标题Knowthatchangedoesn’tcomeovernight和本段中的“Trytoliveyourvalueseachday”可知，任何变更都不是一夜之间就发生的，所以不要想着通过一次英勇的行为就变更世界，故选G项。3．由该段小标题Startsmall可知，要从点滴做起，C项内容符合此处语境。4．由该段中的“Writeletterstonewspapers...wearaspecialT-shirt”等信息可知，要让大家知道你的想法，故用B项作为小标题最恰当。5．由该段小标题Consideracareer和本段中的“Thinkaboutwhichsortofjob...tochangetheworld.”可知，这里谈论职业的选择，故选E项。Ⅱ．语法填空依据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang’e-4probe(探测器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess—__1.touched__(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis__2.extremely__(extreme)challenging.Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot__3.where__itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular__4.interest__(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山),moreso__5.than__thefamiliarnearside.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-4__6.tofind__(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.“Thisreallyexcitesscientists，”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseit__7.means__(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon__8.isconstructed__(construct)．”Dataaboutthemoon’scomposition,suchashow__9.much__iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether__10.its__(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.文章大意：这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器着陆在月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无人