寒假作业03形容词的比较级和最高级-2024年八年级英语寒假培优练（牛津深圳版）

限时练习：40min完成时间：月日天气：作业03形容词的比较级和最高级1.形容词的比较级、最高级的规则变化类别构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词一般直接加er,estlongtalllongertallerlongesttallest以不发音的e结尾时加r,stlatelargelaterlargerlatestlargest以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写最后的辅音字母,再加er,estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest双音节以辅音字母加y或以ly结尾的形容词，把y变i,再加er,estearlyhappyearlierhappierearliesthappiest多音节词和部分双音节词在原级前加more,mostcarefulmorecarefulmostcarefulbeautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautiful注意：1.一般单音节词和少数以er,ow结尾的双音节词，比较级在后面直接加er，最高级加est.如：slowslowerslowest,clevercleverercleverest,narrownarrowernarrowest2.形容词的最高级前要加the,副词的最高级前可省略the.2.形容词的比较级、最高级的不规则变化（补全表格）原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstoldolder/elderoldest/eldestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest形容词原级、比较级和最高级相关表达结构含义例句A＋谓语动词＋as＋原级＋as＋B表示前后两者情况一样BillrunsasfastasJack.A＋谓语动词的否定式＋as/so＋原级＋as＋B表示前者不如后者Tomisn'tasstrongasJack.A＋谓语动词＋比较级＋than＋B表示“A比B更……”Iamolderthanmygoodfriend.比较级＋and＋比较级表示“越来越……”Thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.the＋形容词的比较级，the＋形容词的比较级表示“越……，越……”Themoreyoupractice,thebetteryou'llbe.the＋形容词的最高级＋in/of短语。。之中最。。。Heisthetalleststudentinhisclass.oneofthe＋形容词的最高级＋名词复数最。。的之一Heisoneofthetallestboysinourclass.the+序数词＋形容词的最高级第几最。。。的Heisthesecondtallestinhisclass.一、单项选择1．Pleasekeepas________aspossiblewhilewatchingbirds,asanynoisewillmakethemafraidandflyaway.A．quiet B．quieter C．quietly D．morequietly【答案】A【详解】句意：观鸟时请尽可能保持安静，因为任何噪音都会让它们害怕并飞走。考查形容词原级。quiet安静的，形容词；quieter更安静的，形容词的比较级；quietly安静地，副词；morequietly更安静地，副词的比较级。根据“Pleasekeepas…aspossiblewhilewatchingbirds,asanynoisewillmakethemafraidandflyaway.”可知，as+形容词/副词原级+aspossible“尽可能……”，空前有系动词keep“保持”，其后接形容词作表语，空处应填形容词quiet“安静的”。故选A。2．—HowdoyoulikethenewfilmAvatarⅡ?—Amazing.Ihaveneverenjoyed________one.A．abetter B．thebetter C．aworse D．theworse【答案】A【详解】句意：——你觉得新电影《阿凡达Ⅱ》怎么样？——太令人惊奇了。我从未享受过比这更好的。考查比较级用法。abetter更好的，表泛指；thebetter更好的，表特指；aworse更糟糕的，表泛指；theworse更糟糕的，表特指；根据“Amazing.Ihaveneverenjoyed...one.”可知，“我”从来没有欣赏过比这更好的一部电影了。此处表示泛指一部好电影，且“否定词+比较级”表示最高级的含义。故选A。3．Ifpeopledrivemorenewenergyvehicles(新能源汽车),theenvironmentwillbe______.A．worseandworse B．lessandless C．betterandbetter D．moreandmore【答案】C【详解】句意：如果人们开更多的新能源汽车，环境会越来越好。考查形容词比较级。worseandworse越来越差；lessandless越来越少；betterandbetter越来越好；moreandmore越来越。根据“drivemorenewenergyvehicles(新能源汽车)”可知环境会越来越好。故选C。4．EveryoneknowsthatChinaisgetting________.A．strongandstrong B．strongestandstrongestC．strongerandstronger D．strongerandstrong【答案】C【详解】句意：每个人都知道中国正在变得越来越强大。考查比较级的用法。“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”，strong的比较级为stronger。故选C。5．—Canyoutellmewhyyoulearnmathsowell?—It’sverysimple.________youwork,________gradesyouwillget.A．Theharder;thebest B．Thehard;thebetterC．Harder;better D．Theharder;thebetter【答案】D【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你为什么数学学得这么好吗？——这很简单。你学习越努力，你的成绩就会越好。考查比较级形式。根据句子结构及句意可知，空处应是“The+比较,the+比较级”，表示“越……，越……”；hard的比较级是harder；good的比较级是better。故选D。6．—Howisyourfatherfeelingtoday?—Much________.Hecan’tgotoworktoday.A．bad B．worse C．good D．better【答案】B【详解】句意：——你父亲今天感觉怎么样？——更差了。他今天不能去上班。考查形容词用法。bad坏的，不好的；worse更差，bad比较级；good好的；better更好的，good比较级。根据“Howisyourfatherfeelingtoday?Much...”可知，设空处指父亲今天的感受，暗含与之前作比较，此处选填比较级形式，排除A和C，结合“Hecan’tgotoworktoday”，better不符合语境，排除D。故选B。7．Boysandgirls,themorecarefulyouareduringtheexam,________mistakesyou’llmake.A．theless B．thefewer C．thefew D．thelittle【答案】B【详解】句意：同学们，你们在考试中越小心，犯的错误就越少。考查比较级。根据“themorecarefulyouare”可知此处用“the+比较级...，the+比较级...”，意为“越……就越……”，所以排除C和D；little/less修饰不可数名词，few/fewer修饰可数名词，“mistakes”是复数名词，排除A。故选B。8．Althoughourclassroomissmall,itis_______thantheirs.A．morebright B．muchbrighter C．morebrighter D．themostbright【答案】B【详解】句意：虽然我们的教室很小，但比他们的教室要明亮得多。考查比较级。bright“明亮的”，比较级为brighter，最高级为brightest。注意到句中的than，可知应该用比较级，much可修饰比较级，故选B。9．Ofallthestudents,Marydonates________moneytoProjectHopeeveryyear,butsheseldombuysnicethingsforherself.A．more B．less C．themost D．theleast【答案】C【详解】句意：在所有学生中，玛丽每年向希望工程捐款最多，但她很少给自己买好东西。考查形容词的最高级。根据“ofallthestudents...”可知，此处表示限定的范围，属于最高级的标志词；后文中强调她很少给自己买好东西，此处应使用much修饰money，much的最高级是themost。故选C。10．—Chinaisoneof________countriesintheworld.—Yes.Ithasmuch________historythantheUS.A．older;longest B．older;longer C．theoldest;longest D．theoldest;longer【答案】D【详解】句意：——中国是世界上最古老的国家之一。——是的，中国的历史比美国的历史更悠久。考查形容词比较级和最高级。根据句型oneof+the+形容词最高级+名词复数“最……之一”可知，第一空填theoldest；根据than可知用比较级，much修饰比较级，因此第二空填longer。故选D。二、用所给单词的正确形式填空11．Thisisthe(good)jacketinourshopanditisalsothemostexpensive.【答案】best【详解】句意：这是我们店里最好的夹克衫，也是最贵的。根据“inourshop”可知此处是the+最高级+比较范围，所以空处应用good的最高级best修饰名词jacket。故填best。12．Ibelievethatthereis(little)pollutionthanbeforeasthegovernmentcarriesoutgarbagesorting.【答案】less【详解】句意：我相信，由于政府进行垃圾分类，污染比以前少了。根据“thanbefore”可知，此处应使用比较级less，故填less。13．Themoreyouhelpothers,the(happy)youwillbe.【答案】happier【详解】句意：你帮助别人越多，你就会越快乐。根据“Themoreyouhelpothers,the...youwillbe.”可知，此处是“The+比较级，the+比较级”结构，故填happier。14．Thisdictionaryismuch(expensive)thanthatstorybook.【答案】moreexpensive【详解】句意：这本字典比那本故事书贵得多。根据“than”可知，空处用比较级，expensive的比较级形式为moreexpensive。故填moreexpensive。15．Ithinkprimaryschoollifeisoneof(wonderful)timesinmylife.【答案】themostwonderful【详解】句意：我认为小学生活是我一生中最美好的时光之一。根据“Ithinkprimaryschoollifeisoneof...(wonderful)timesinmylife.”可知，此处指“一生中最美好的时光之一”，oneofthe+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”，形容词wonderful的最高级形式mostwonderful。故填themostwonderful。一、完形填空（2023上·辽宁沈阳·八年级沈阳市第七中学校考）Oneday,astrongwoodcutterfoundanewjobatatimber（木材）pany.Becausehewas16thepayandthework,themandecidedtoworkashardashecould.Hisbossgavehimanaxe（斧子）andtoldhim17heshouldworkbyshowinghimaround.Onhisfirstday,thewoodcuttercutdown21trees.“Amazing!Goodforyou!”hisbosssaid.“Keepgoing!”Afterhearinghisboss’swords,thewoodcutterdecidedtoworkharderthenextday,18tohissurprise,hecouldonlycutdown18trees.Onthethirdday,althoughhedidhisbest,hefinallybrought19treesback.Dayafterday,themancoulddonothingbutcutdownfewerandfewertrees.“Whydoesmystrength20?”thewoodcutterthought.Hewenttohisbossandsaidthathecouldnotunderstandwhatwasgoingon.“Whenwasthe21timeyousharpened（磨）youraxe?”hisbossasked.“Sharpen?Ihave22timetosharpenmyaxe.Iamalwaysbusytryingtocutdowntrees.”Ourlivesarelikethat.Attimeswegetsobusythatwedon’thavetimetosharpenour“axe”.Intoday’sworld,itseemsthateveryoneisbusierthanever,butmuch23.Whyisthis?Thereis24wrongwithactivityandhardwork.Maybeitisbecauseweforgethowtostay“sharp（锋利）”.Wespendlittletime25soweloseourefficiency（效率）.Thenweourselvesbeemoreupsetandworried.Whataboutyou?Haveyousharpenedyouraxetoday?16．A．happywith B．angryat C．sadabout D．worriedabout17．A．when B．where C．what D．why18．A．if B．because C．but D．so19．A．twelve B．eighteen C．fifty D．thirty20．A．lose B．work C．end D．disappear21．A．first B．last C．third D．second22．A．no B．some C．any D．much23．A．happier B．lazy C．lesshappy D．unhappy24．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything25．A．doingexercise B．toworkhard C．todevelop D．improvingskills【答案】16．A17．B18．C19．A20．D21．B22．A23．C24．C25．D【导语】本文通过一个伐木工因忙着砍树而忽略了磨斧子这个故事告诉我们，我们在忙碌的同时也要记得提高我们自己的技能。16．句意：因为他对薪水和这份工作很满意，所以他决定尽可能努力工作。happywith对……满意；angryat对……生气；sadabout为……难过；worriedabout对……担忧。根据后句“themandecidedtoworkashardashecould”可推知，伐木工对薪水和工作满意。故选A。17．句意：他的老板给了他一把斧头，带他四处走走，告诉他应该在哪里工作。when当……时候；where哪里；what什么；why为什么。根据空后“byshowinghimaround”可知，此处指告诉他应该在哪里工作。故选B。18．句意：听到老板的话后，伐木工决定第二天更加努力，但令他惊讶的是，他只能砍伐18棵树。if如果；because因为；but但是；so因此。根据“Onhisfirstday,thewoodcuttercutdown21trees”可知第二天他只砍倒18棵树，对此他感到惊讶，前后语意表示转折。故选C。19．句意：第三天，尽管他尽了最大的努力，但他最终带回了十二棵树。twelve十二；eighteen十八；fifty五十；thirty三十。根据后句“Dayafterday,themancoulddonothingbutcutdownfewerandfewertrees.”可知，应是他带回来的树越来越少，第一天是21棵，第二天是18棵，那么此处应是12棵。故选A。20．句意：“为什么我的力量消失了？”伐木工想。lose丢掉；work工作；end结束；disappear消失。根据上句“Dayafterday,themancoulddonothingbutcutdownfewerandfewertrees.”可知，砍伐的树木越来越少，他在疑惑为什么力量不见了。故选D。21．句意：“你上次磨斧头是什么时候？”他的老板问。first第一；last最近的；third第三；second第二。根据下文“Sharpen?I…sharpenmyaxe.Iamalwaysbusytryingtocutdowntrees.”可知，此处指老板问他最近一次磨斧子是什么时候。故选B。22．句意：我没有时间磨斧头。no没有；some一些；any一些；much更多。根据下句“Iamalwaysbusytryingtocutdowntrees.”可知，此处指伐木工只顾着砍树，没有时间磨斧头。故选A。23．句意：在当今世界，似乎每个人都比以往任何时候都忙，但也没有那么快乐。happier更快乐；lazy懒惰的；lesshappy不那么快乐；unhappy不快乐；根据下文“Thenweourselvesbeemoreupsetandworried.”可知，虽然更忙，但是更不快乐了，空前的much修饰比较级，因此填比较级的否定形式，D项不是比较级形式。故选C。24．句意：活动和努力工作两方面都没有问题。something某些事情；anything任何事情；nothing没有事情；everything每件事情。根据后句“Maybeitisbecauseweforgethowtostay“sharp（锋利）”可知，此处指活动和努力工作两方面都没有问题。故选C。25．句意：我们很少花时间提高技能，因此我们失去了效率。doingexercise做练习；toworkhard努力工作；todevelop发展；improvingskills提高技能。根据后句“soweloseourefficiency（效率）.”可知，应是不知如何提高技能所以效率不高，根据“Wespendlittletime”可知符合句式spendtimedoingsth,空处填doing形式。故选D。二、阅读理解（2023上·广东广州·八年级统考期末）TheFlowbeewasinventedinthelate1980s.Whatisit?Itisaspecialkindofmachine.Itcutshairwithlittlemess.TheFlowbeewasmadebyanAmericanmanwhobuiltthingswithwood.In1987,RickHuntwasworkinginhiswoodshop.Alotofwoodwascutintheshop,solittlepiecesofwoodwereeverywhere.Theywereontheground,onHunt’sshirtandeveninhishair.Theshophadabigvacuum（真空吸尘器）forcleaning.Huntusedittocleannotonlytheshop,butalsohimself.Thepiecesofwoodwereeasilysucked（吸）fromhisclothesandhishair.AsHuntusedthevacuumtocleanhishair,hegotanidea.“Thiswouldbeagoodwaytocuthairwithlessmess,”hethought.Headdedsomespecialpartstoamonvacuum.Inthisway,thefirstFlowbeeswereborn.ThosefirstFlowbeesweresoldoutofHunt’shome.Then,afallfestivalwasheldnearHunt’shome.HetookallofhisFlowbeesthere,andalotofpeopleboughtthem.Next,HuntwentontelevisionwiththeFlowbee.MoreandmoreFlowbeesweresold.MorethanamillionFlowbeesweresoldinAmericaoverthenexttenyears.Today,thisinterestingmachineissoldtopeoplearoundtheworld.Hunt’scleverwaytocuthairreallyworks.Sometimesgreatideasefromsurprisingplaces.26．WhatkindofmachineistheFlowbee?A．Afunnymachinetodryhair. B．Ausefulmachinetocuthair.C．Amodernmachinetocutwood. D．Asmartmachinetocleanthefloor.27．Paragraph2mainlytalksabout________.A．whentheFlowbeewasinvented B．whattheFlowbeewasusedforC．wheretheFlowbeewasinvented D．howtheideaoftheFlowbeecame28．WhichofthefollowingabouttheFlowbeeisTRUE?A．HuntaddedsomepartstoavacuumtoinventtheFlowbee.B．ThousandsofHunt’sFlowbeesweresoldoutofhishouse.C．AmillionpeopleknewaboutFlowbeesatthefallfestival.D．PeoplearoundtheworldcouldbuyFlowbeesinthe1980s.29．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Practicemakesperfect.B．It’snevertoooldtolearn.C．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.D．Successmayefromcreativity.【答案】26．B27．D28．A29．D【导语】本文主要讲述了Flowbee的发明过程。26．细节理解题。根据“Whatisit?Itisaspecialkindofmachine.Itcutshairwithlittlemess.”可知，它是一个有用的剪头发的机器。故选B。27．段落大意题。根据“Alotofwoodwascutintheshop,solittlepiecesofwoodwereeverywhere.Theywereontheground,onHunt’sshirtandeveninhishair.Theshophadabigvacuum（真空吸尘器）forcleaning.Huntusedittocleannotonlytheshop,butalsohimself.”（商店里切了很多木头，所以到处都是小木头。它们在地上，在亨特的衬衫上，甚至在他的头发上。这家商店有一台大吸尘器用来清洁。亨特不仅用它来清洁商店，还用它来清洁自己。）可知，第二段主要讲述了Flowbee的想法是怎么来的。故选D。28．细节理解题。根据“Headdedsomespecialpartstoamonvacuum.Inthisway,thefirstFlowbeeswereborn.”可知，亨特在吸尘器中添加了一些部件，发明了“Flowbee”。故选A。29．推理判断题。根据“AsHuntusedthevacuumtocleanhishair,hegotanidea.‘Thiswouldbeagoodwaytocuthairwithlessmess,’hethought.”以及“Headdedsomespecialpartstoamonvacuum.Inthisway,thefirstFlowbeeswereborn.”可知，里克是为了剪头发不那么乱发明了这个机器，所以成功可能来自于创造力。故选D。三、语法填空（2023下·广东深圳·八年级深圳市福田区莲花中学校考开学考试）根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空，未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。Chinaisacountrywithrichculture.EachdifferentpartofChinahas30(it)ownspecialformsoftraditionalart.Theseusuallytrytoshowtheimportantthingsinlife,suchaslove,beautyandfamily.AccordingtoChinesehistory,skylanternswere31(one)usedbyZhugeKongming.Hesentthemouttoaskforhelpwhenintrouble.Today,skylanternsareusedatfestivalsandother32(celebrate).They33(make)ofbamboo(竹子)andcoveredwithpaper.Whenthelanternsarelit,theyslowlyriseintotheairlikesmallhotairballoonsforalltosee.Theyareseenasbrightsymbolsof34(happy)andgoodwishes.Papercutting35(be)aroundforover1500years.Papercuttingsoundsveryeasy36itcanbedifficulttodo.Thepaper,usuallyred,isfolded(折叠)beforeitiscutwithscissors.TheMostmonpicturesareflowersandanimals.DuringtheSpringFestival,theyareputonwindows,doorsandwallsassymbolsofwishesforgoodluckandahappynewyear.Chineseclay(陶土)artisfamousbecausetheclaypiecesareas37(small)asricebuttheylookveryreal.ThepiecesareusuallylovelychildrenorlivelycharactersfromaChinesehistoricalstory.Thepiecesare38(careful)shaped(塑形)byhandfromaveryspecialkindofclayandthenallowedtoairdry.Theyarethenpainted.Ittakesseveralweeks39(plete)everything.ThesesmallpiecesofclayshowthelovethatallChinesepeoplehaveforlifeandbeauty.【答案】30．its31．first32．celebrations33．aremade34．happiness35．hasbeen36．but37．sma