第01讲 单词+短语（必修1~必修3）重点易考单词变形+词义辨析（讲义）（含答案解析）

第01讲必修1~必修3词汇考点目录01考情透视·目标导航··························································202知识导图·思维引航··························································303考点突破·考法探究··························································4考点一必修1~必修3核心词汇··············································4知识点1核心单词知变形·················································4知识点2核心单词知拼写·················································18考点二必修1~必修3阅读词汇···············································24知识点1阅读单词知词义·················································24知识点2核心短语知辨析·················································3104真题练习·命题洞现真题实战······························································36命题演练·····························································38考点要求考题统计考情分析教材词汇课标词汇派生词：2023:rental,erase,statistician,bimonthly;2022:strengthen,additionally;2021:popularization,undoubtedly,outperform；合成词：2023:fiberglass,ecosystem,checkpoint;2021:makeup;footprint转化词：mind(n.-v.);leaf(n.-v.);tear(n.-v.);average(n.-v.);touch(v.-n.);新高考词汇难度增大。阅读分值上涨，总阅读量2959词，阅读量上升。读后续写部分要求读写结合，需要更多的词汇积累和输出。分析最近的高考试题可知，适度考查一些学生不常接触的高考词汇。强化了对熟词生义的考查。加大了对构词法的考查力度。全面考查词汇在语境中灵活运用的能力，如情境意识、同义转换和概要思维能力。复习目标：以新课标词汇为依据，新教材单词表为蓝本，以近三年新高考真题为导向，在一轮词汇复习中夯实词汇基础，并反复积累，运用构词法扩大词汇量并在大量的语篇阅读中迁移词汇运用能力，大胆猜测熟词的生义并积累地道的搭配和习惯用语。考点一必修1~必修3核心词汇知识点1核心单词知变形【高考导航】Forexample,acoatonafenceorapipeonthefloorwouldfrightenthemaway.(2021上海卷写作)例如，篱笆上的一件外套或地板上的一根管子会把他们吓跑。Itdoesn’timpresslikeGeorgeWashington’splantationonthePotomac,butLincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfield,LLLinois,hasprovedirresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.（2021浙江卷知识运用）林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家不像乔治·华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但自从向公众开放以来，就吸引了无数游客。Inthelab,keepingthingscleanandorganizedcanhelpprovideasaferenvironment.（2021天津卷知识运用）在实验室里，保持物品整洁有序，有助于提供一个更安全的环境。必修一单词变形WelcomeUnit1．nationn.国家；民族；国民→nationaladj.国家的；民族的→nationalityn.国籍；民族2．anxiousadj.焦虑的；不安的→anxietyn.焦虑；忧虑；担心；害怕3．annoyvt.使恼怒；打扰→annoyedadj.恼怒的；生气的→annoyingadj.使恼怒的；恼人的→annoyancen.烦恼；可厌之事；打扰4．frightenedadj.惊吓的；害怕的→frighteningadj.令人恐惧的；使惊恐的→frightenv.使惊吓；吓唬→frightn.惊吓；惊骇5．impressvt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象vi.留下印象；引人注目→impressionn.印象；→impressiveadj.令人钦佩的给人深刻印象的6．concentratevi.&vt.集中(注意力)；聚精会神→concentrationn.专心；集中；浓度；浓缩7．confidencen.信心；信任→confidentadj.自信的；有把握的→confidentlyadv.自信地；8．organisevt.组织；筹备；安排；组建vi.组建；成立→organisedadj.有组织的；安排有秩序的；做事有条理的→organisationn.组织；团体；机构→organisern.组织者；承办单位9．curiousadj.好奇的；→curiouslyadv.好奇地→curiosityn.好奇，好奇心；珍品速效练笔用所给单词的适当形式填空Thefirstdayofschoolusuallycauses,_______especiallyforchildren,buthewasnot_______toleavehissonalonethere.(anxious)2．Usually,itwas_______tohavesuchrainyweather,whichmadepeople_______.However,hesaiditnever_______himatall.Heenjoyedwalkingintherain.(annoy)3．Iwas_______bythe_______noise,whichalso_______otherstodeath.(fright)4．WhenIfirstmethimIhadthe_______thathewasshy,butlaterIwas_______withhis_______speech.(impress)5．Ican't_______becausethenoiseoutsidemademy_______difficult.(concentrate)6．Be_______!Insomeway,your_______willsurelyhelpyouachievesuccess.(confident)7．Thelackoffundsposeddifficultiesforthis_______lastyear,butit_______itsstafftotryeverymeanstopullthrough.Thegood_______playsanimportantpartinit.(organize)8．Wewere_______aboutthewildlife,sowewalkedintothethickforest_______.Itwasthisexperiencethatsatisfiedour_______.(curious)【易错提醒】解答语法填空时，不能简单默写其变形，而是要观察设空前后的词性，分析句意和词义，进行综合推断设空处所需词形，进而填写正确词形。【答案】1.anxiety,anxious2.annoying,annoyed,annoyed;3.frightened,frightening,frightened;4.impression,impressed,impressive;5.concentrate,concentration;6.confident,confidence;7.organization,organized,organizer;8.curious,curiously,curiosity;Unit11．prefervt.较喜欢→preferencen.偏爱；爱好；喜爱2．movementn.动作；运动；活动→movevt.移动；搬家3．suitableadj.合适的；适用的→suitablyadv.适当地；相配地；适宜地→suitvt.适合4．confusevt.使糊涂；使迷惑→confusedadj.糊涂的；迷惑的→confusingadj.难以理解的；不清楚的→confusionn.困惑，不明确5．fluentadj.(尤指外语)流利的；熟练的→fluentlyadv.流利地；通畅地→fluencyn.流畅，流利6．graduatevi.&vt.毕业；获得学位n.毕业生→graduationn.毕业；毕业典礼7．recommendvt.建议；推荐；介绍→recommendationn.建议；推荐；推荐信8．responsibleadj.负责的；有责任的→responsiblyadv.负责地，可信赖地→responsibilityn.责任；义务9．behaviourn.行为；举止→behavevi.表现10．attractvt.吸引；引起……的注意(或兴趣)→attractiveadj.吸引人的；有魅力的；引人注目的→attractionn.吸引，吸引力；引力；吸引人的事物11．addictn.对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人→addictedadj.上瘾的；入迷的→addictiveadj.使人上瘾的；使人入迷的→addictionn.上瘾，沉溺；癖嗜;速效练笔1．Hestudiedhistoryin_______tophysicsatuniversity.Hesaidhe_______tomajorinartstoscience.(prefer)2．Tina_______quicklyinordernottobefound,buttheslight_______ofthecurtainsshowedwhereshewashiding.(move)3．Thecitylifestyleseemsto_______her.Thisareaismost_______forrelaxingherself.(suit)4．Thereseemstobesome_______overwhoisactuallygivingthetalk.Stop_______mewithotherfacts!Ifeelcompletely_______withthese_______figures.(confuse)5．Tospeak_______Englishiswhateverystudentdreams.Ifyoukeeppracticing,itwillcertainlyimproveyour_______andyouwillspeakit_______justasnativespeakersintheend.(fluent)6．To_______successfullyfromtheuniversity,Tomdevotedhimselftohisstudydayinanddayout.Andhewasratherproudtodeliveraspeechonthe_______ceremonyasanoutstanding_______.(graduate)7．Whenaskedaboutthe_______,thedoctor_______swimmingasthebestall­roundexercise.(recommend)8．Lastmonth'sbadweatherwas_______forthecropfailure.Weshouldtake_______tohelpthefarmers.(responsible)9．Theplacewasso_______thatit_______alotofpeople,becomingoneofthe_______alloverthecountry.(attract)10．WeChatcanbe_______.Butneverbe_______toit,forthis_______willbringussometrouble.(addict)【答案】preference,preferred;2.moved,movement,3.suit,suitable;4.confusion,confusing,confused,confusing;5.fluent,fluency,fluently;6.graduate,graduation,graduate;7.recommendation,recommended;8.responsible,responsibility;9.attractive,attracted,attractions;10.addictive,addicted,addiction;Unit21．applyvi.&vt.申请；请求vt.应用；涂(油漆、乳剂)→applicantn.申请人→applicationn.申请书；应用，运用2．amazedadj.惊奇的；惊喜的→amazingadj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的→amazinglyadv.令人惊讶地；惊奇地→amazevt.使惊奇→amazementn.惊异；惊愕3．arrangementn.安排；筹备→arrangevt.安排；筹备4．recognisevt.辨别出；承认；认可→recognitionn.识别；承认，认出；重视；赞誉5．admirevt.钦佩；赞赏→admirableadj.可钦佩的；值得赞赏的；令人羡慕的→admirationn.钦佩；赞赏；羡慕；赞美6．economyn.经济；节约→economicadj.经济(上)的；经济学的→economicsn.经济学速效练笔1．Many_______havepresentedforthejob.Mostofthemwillbesatisfiedbecause70%ofthose_______forithavethechancetobeadmitted.(apply)2．What_______himmostwasthathegotthechancetotakepartinthecompetition.Itwasevenmore_______thathegotthefirstprize.(amaze)3．I_______forataxitomeetmyfriendattheairport,andthe_______satisfiedher.(arrange)4．Ihadn'tseenherfor20years,butI_______herimmediately.Igaveheranodof_______acrossthecrowdedroom.(recognise)5．Ireally_______peoplewithgreatambitions.Leeisoneofthem.My_______forhimgrowsdaybyday,soIcomeupwithan_______ideatofollowhisexample.(admire)6．Thecountry's_______hasbouncedbackstronglyafterbeinghithardbythe_______recession.(economy)【答案】1.applicants,applications,applying;2.amazed,amazing;3.arranged,arrangement;4.recognised,recognition,5.admire,admiration,admirable;6.economy,economic;Unit31．fitnessn.健康；健壮；适合→fitv.适合，合身adj.健康的；合适的；恰当的；准备好的2．honourn.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→honourableadj.荣誉的；值得尊敬的；表示尊敬的；正直的3．gloryn.荣誉；光荣；赞美→gloriousadj.光荣的；辉煌的；极好的→glorifyvt.赞美；美化4．determinationn.决心；决定→determinevt.&vi.决定；决心5．injurevt.使受伤；损害→injuredadj.受伤的；有伤的→injuryn.伤害；损伤6．gracefuladj.优美的；优雅的→gracefullyadv.优美地；优雅地→gracen.优雅；恩惠；魅力；慈悲7．strengthn.力量；体力→strongadj.坚强的；强壮的；牢固的；擅长的→strengthenvt.加强；巩固8．failuren.失败；失败的人(或事物)→failvi.&vt.失败；未能(做到)9．stressn.压力；紧张；重音vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安→stressfuladj.紧张的；有压力的→stressedadj.焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的速效练笔1．Sheistryingtoimproveher_______bycyclingtoworkandhernewjacketfitsherperfectly.(fit)2．Asan_______person,youarereallyan_______toourteam.(honour)3．Heknewthattowinthisbattlewasa_______moment,whichwouldbringhimtrue_______.(glory)4．Thefinalresultwas_______largelybywhathedid.Withstrong_______,heworkedhardtoachievehisgoal.(determine)5．_______oftenoccursinthefootballgames.Measuresshouldbetakentopreventplayersfrombeing_______.(injury)6．Joannahasnatural_______andelegance.Andsheisawonderfully_______dancer.Asshetoldstoriesofherlife,herhandsgestured_______.(grace)7．Tomakeourcountry_______andricher,weshould_______communicationwithothercountries,getting_______throughhelpingeachother.(strength)8．_______canalsooccuramongteenagers,assomedatasuggestthattoday'steenagersarejustas_______asadults,andtheycanmeetmany_______situations.(stress)【答案】1.fitness;2.honourable,honour;3.glorious,glory;4.determined,determination,_5.Injury,injured;6.grace,graceful,gracefully;7.stronger,strengthen,strength;8.Stress,stressed,stressfulUnit41．deathn.死；死亡→dievi.死亡；凋零；熄灭→deadadj.无生命的；呆板的；废弃了的→deadlyadj.致命的；极度的2．shockn.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→shockedadj.震惊的；震撼的→shockingadj.令人震惊的；可怕的，令人厌恶的；糟糕的3．breathevi.&vt.呼吸→breathn.呼吸，气息；一口气，(呼吸的)一次；瞬间→breathlessadj.喘不过气来的；停止呼吸的4．revivevt.&vi.复活；(使)苏醒→revivaln.振兴；复苏5．survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→survivaln.幸存，残存；幸存者，残存物→survivorn.幸存者；生还者；残存物6．calmadj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静→calmlyadv.镇静地，冷静地；平静地；安静地→calmnessn.镇静，冷静；平静，安宁7．delivervt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表→deliveryn.传送；递送；交付8．effectn.影响；结果；效果→effectiveadj.有效的，起作用的；实际的；给人深刻印象的→effectivelyadv.有效地，生效地；有力地；实际上速效练笔1．Peoplewere_______bythe_______news.(shock)2．Traditionalculturehasagreat_______onus,soinmyopinion,some_______measuresshouldbetakentoprotectit_______.(effect)3．Mymainconcernistokeepthemwarm,ensuringtheir_______.(survive)4.Our_______sometimeswillsaveourlives.Inotherwords,weshouldact_______indealingwithdifficulty.(calm)5．Mailis_______toourofficetwiceaday.Inotherwords,wegettwo_______ofmailaday.(deliver)【答案】1.shocked,shocking;2.effect,effective,effectively;3.survival;4.calmness,calmly,5.delivered,deliveries;Unit51．refervi.提到；参考；查阅vt.查询；叫……求助于→referencen.指称关系；参考2．basevt.以……为据点；以……为基础n.底部；根据→basedadj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→basicadj.基本的；基础的→basicallyadv.主要地，基本上3．varietyn.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→varyv.相异，不同；(根据情况)变化→variousadj.各种各样的；多方面的4．majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究→majorityn.大部分；大多数5．appreciatevt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值→appreciativeadj.感激的；赏识的；有欣赏力的→appreciationn.欣赏，鉴别；增值；感谢6．equaln.同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同样的→equallyadv.同样地；相等地，平等地→equalityn.平等；相等；[数]等式7．demandn.要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要vi.查问→demandingadj.要求高的;苛刻的的；费力的8．descriptionn.描写(文字)；形容→describev.描述；形容；把……称为→descriptiveadj.描写的，叙述的；描写性的9．relatevt.联系；讲述→relativeadj.相对的；有关系的；成比例的n.亲戚；相关物→relationn.关系；叙述；故事；亲属关系速效练笔1．Whenplanning______meals,youneedtothinkabout______andtasteaswellasnutritionalvalue.(vary)2．Allofher______playshavebeentranslatedintoEnglish.The______ofpeoplelikeherplays.(major)3．I'mvery______ofallthesupporthegaveme.Actually,his______inspiredmealot.(appreciate)4．Weshouldtreateverystudent______andteachthemabouttheimportanceof______bywhatwedo.(equal)5．He______thatheshouldbegivensomemore______job.(demand)6．Igaveavivid______aboutit,whichleftadeepimpressiononthevisitors.(describe)【答案】1.various,variety;2.major,majority;3.appreciative,appreciation;4.equally,equality;5.demands,demanding;6.description;必修二单词变形Unit11．creativeadj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→creativelyadv.创造性地；有创造力地→createv.创造→creationn.创造，创作；创作物，产物→creativityn.创造力；创造性2．preservevt.保存；保护；维持n.保护区→preservationn.保存，保留3．promotevt.促进；提升；推销；晋级→promotionn.促进；提升，晋升；推销，促销；发扬，振兴4．proposaln.提议；建议→proposevi.建议；打算；求婚5．establishvt.建立；创立→establishmentn.确立，制定；企业；机构6．preventvt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠→preventionn.预防；阻止；妨碍7．contributionn.捐款；贡献；捐赠→contributevi.&vt.捐献；捐助8．investigatevi.&vt.调查；研究→investigationn.调查；调查研究9．donatevt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠，赠送；献(血)→donationn.捐赠物；捐赠；赠送10．forgivevt.&vi.原谅；宽恕vt.对不起；→forgivingadj.宽恕的；宽容的;→forgivenessn.宽恕；宽仁之心11．traditionn.传统；传统的信仰或风俗→traditionaladj.传统的；惯例的→traditionallyadv.传统上；习惯上；12．historicadj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的→historyn.历史，历史学；历史记录；来历→historicaladj.历史的；史学的；基于史实的13．comparisonn.比较；相比→comparev.比较；对比；与……类似(或相似)14．identifyvt.确认，认出，找到→identificationn.辨认，识别速效练笔1．Readingbookson________contributestonotonlysome________ideas,butalsodealingwithproblems________.(creative)2．Somehousesareinapoorstateof________.Wewantto________thecharacterofthetownwhileimprovingthefacilities.(preserve)3．Didyougetthe________youwanted?Ifyouwanttoget________withinthenexttwoyears,don'tchangejobstoooften.(promote)4．Alotofpeople________somemoneytouspoorstudents.Wemadeupourmindstomakegreat________tosociety.(contribute)5．Hisresearchinthefieldofdisease________producedunexpectedresults,which________patientsfromsufferingalot.(prevent)【答案】1.creation，creative，creatively2.preservation，preserve；3.promotion，promoted；4.contributed，contributions5.prevention，preventedUnit21．illegaladj.不合法的；→illegallyadv.不合法地；非法地→legallyadv.合法地→legaladj.合法的；2．huntvt.&vi.打猎；搜寻；追捕→huntern.猎人3．immediatelyadv.立刻→immediateadj.立即的；立刻的；目前的；当前的4．alarmvt.使惊恐；使害怕；使担心n.恐慌；警报；警报器→alarmingadj.惊人的；使人惊恐的5．extinctadj.已灭绝的→extinctionn.灭绝6．awareadj.知道；发觉；有……意识的→awarenessn.意识，认识；明白，知道7．concernvt.涉及；让……担忧→concernedadj.担心的；关切的→concerningprep.关于；涉及8．adaptvi.适应vt.使适应；使适合→adaptableadj.适合的；能适应的；可修改的→adaptationn.适应；改编；改编本，改写本9．reserven.(动植物)保护区；储藏(量)vt.预订；预留；保留→reservationn.预约，预订；保留；居住地10．observevt.观察(到)；注视；遵守→observationn.观察；监视；观察报告→observern.观察者；遵守者11．beautyn.美；美人；美好的东西→beautifuladj.美丽的→beautifullyadv.漂亮地；美好地→beautifyvi.美化12．threatn.威胁→threatenvt.威胁；危及13．existvi.存在；生存→existingadj.目前的；现存的→existencen.存在，实在；生存，生活14．harmonyn.和谐；融洽→harmoniousadj.和谐的，和睦的；协调的；悦耳的15．emotionn.感情；情感；情绪→emotionaladj.情绪的；易激动的；感动人的→emotionallyadv.感情上；情绪上；令人激动地；情绪冲动地速效练笔1．Ateachershouldteach______.Tohitachildisnotjustmorallywrongbutalso______.(legal)2．Weshouldprevent______from______wildanimals.(hunt)3．Hearingthe_____sound,theyknowtheywere______．(alarm)4．______ofenvironmentalissues,weorganizedanactivitylastweekendwiththepurposeofraisingpeople's______ofprotectingtheenvironment.(aware)5．______environmentprotection,manypeoplearevery______aboutthedestructionoftherainforests.(concern)6．Aftertryinghard,hersuccessful______tolifetherehascomeasnosurprise.(adapt)7．Theseseatsare______fortheelderly.Youcanmakeatable______fortwopeopleinadvance.(reserve)8．Thestudents______theteacherdoingexperimentsinthelab;somediscoveriesarebasedonthecareful.These______obtainmuchpracticalknowledge.(observe)9．To_____ourhometown,wehadthehouses________decorated.Idaresay,youcouldn'tfindamore______placelikethis.(beauty)10．Weshouldtryourbesttobein_______withnature,creatinga______environment.(harmony)11．Thecoachappeared_______tiredafteryesterday'sloss.Likealotofpeople,hefoundithardtoexpresshis_______.(emotion)【答案】1.legally,illegal;2.hunters,hunting;3.alarming,alarmed;4.Aware,awareness;5.Concerning,concerned;6.adaptation;7.reserved,reservation;8.observe,observation,observers;9.beautify,beautifully,beautiful10.harmony,harmonious;11.emotionally,emotions;Unit31．convenientadj.方便的；近便的→convenientlyadv.便利地；合宜地→conveniencen.便利；方便的事物2．benefitn.益处vt.使受益vi.得益于→beneficialadj.有益的，有利的；有用的3．distancen.距离→distantadj.遥远的；冷漠的；远隔的→distantlyadv.远离地；疏远地；冷淡地4．inspirevt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考→inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；灌输的；启发灵感的→inspirationn.灵感；鼓舞；妙计5．accessn.通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会vt.进入；使用；获取→accessibleadj.易接近的；可进入的；可理解的6．rudeadj.粗鲁的；无礼的→rudelyadv.无礼地；粗暴地→rudenessn.无礼；粗蛮7．embarrassingadj.让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的→embarrassinglyadv.使人尴尬地；令人难堪地→embarrassedadj.尴尬的；窘迫的→embarrassvt.使局促不安；使困窘；阻碍→embarrassmentn.窘迫，难堪；使人为难的人或事物；拮据8.privacyn.隐私；私密→privateadj.私人的；秘密的→privatelyadv.私下地；秘密地9．familiaradj.熟悉；熟知→familiarlyadv.不拘礼节地；亲密地；精通地→familiarityn.熟悉，精通；亲密；随便10．definevt.给……下定义；界定；解释→definitelyadv.清楚地，当然；明确地，肯定地→definitionn.定义；[物]清晰度；解说速效练笔1．Itisverydifficultto_______theconceptofbeauty.Doyouhaveaclear_______ofit?(define)2．The_______ofteamworkareapparent.Ifeelthateveryonehas_______greatlyfromteamwork,becauseitis______forourwork.(benefit)3．Hewasan_______teacher.Hisconfidentleadership_______hisstudents,whichgavemeagood_______.(inspire)4．Ifoundhim_______.Hetreatedothers_______.His_______wouldbringhimintotroublesoonerorlater.(rude)5．Hisfailingtoanswerthequestionis_______,buttoavoidthe_______,theteacherimmediatelyaskedhimaeasierquestion,makinghimless_______.(embarrass)6．Thestreetwas_______tome.Ilovedthe_______ofmyoldtown.(familiar)【答案】1.define,definition;2.benefits,benefited,_beneficial;3.inspiring,inspired,inspiration;4.rude,rudely,rudeness;5.embarrassing,embarrassment,embarrassed;6.familiar,familiarity;Unit41．puzzlen.谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzledadj.困惑的；茫然的；搞糊涂的→puzzlingadj.使迷惑的；使莫名其妙的→puzzlementn.迷惑；费解2．defencen.防御；保卫→defendv.防御；保护；保卫；辩解→defencelessadj.无防备的；不能自卫的3．evidencen.证据；证明→evidentadj.明显的；明白的→evidentlyadv.显然地，明显地；清楚地4．achievementn.成就；成绩；达到→achievev.达到；取得；成功5．locationn.地方；地点；位置→locatev.找出……的准确位置；确定地点；安置在6．announcevt.宣布；通知；声称→announcementn.公告；宣告；发表；通告→announcern.广播员；宣告者7．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→generouslyadv.慷慨地；宽大地；丰盛地→generosityn.慷慨，大方；宽宏大量8．eageradj.热切的；渴望的→eagerlyadv.急切地；渴望地；热心地→eagernessn.渴望；热心速效练笔Hewasn't_______atthe_______problem,whichpuzzledmealot.(puzzle)2．Onhearingthenewsthatourclass_______ourgoal,winningthefirstplaceinthevolleyballmatch,wehadasenseof_______.(achieve)3．Theexact_______ofthecompanyhasyettobedecided.Maybeitwillbe_______inthecitycenter.(locate)4．He_______apartyonnextFriday.His_______confirmedthathewouldberetiring.(announce)5．Hismotherisa_______woman.Her_______haswongreatpopularityintheneighborhood.(generous)6．We_______wanttomeetourlong­lostfriends.Finally,our_______wassatisfiedwiththehelpofthevolunteers.(eager)【答案】1.puzzled,puzzling;2.achieved,achievement;3.location,located;4.announced,announcement;5.generous,generosity;6.eagerly,eagernessUnit51．energyn.能源；能量；精力→energeticadj.精力充沛的；积极的；有力的→energeticallyadv.精力充沛地2．compositionn.成分；(音乐、艺术的)作品→composevi.组成；作曲→composern.作曲者；作曲家3．performvi.&vt.表演；履行；执行→performancen.表演；演技；表现→performern.表演者；演员4．originaladj.原来的；独创的；原作的n.原件；原作→originallyadv.最初，起初；本来→originn.起源；原点；出身；开端→originatevi.&vt.起源；发源；创立5．gradualadj.逐渐的；渐进的→graduallyadv.逐渐地，逐步地6．reliefn.(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除；(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱→relievevt.解除，减轻；接……的班→relievedadj.放心的7．equipmentn.设备；装备→equipvt.装备；配备8．satisfactionn.满足；满意；欣慰→satisfiedadj.感到满意的→satisfyingadj.令人满意的；令人满足的→satisfyvt.满足；说服，使相信；使满意，使高兴→satisfactoryadj.满意的；符合要求的；赎罪的9．variousadj.各种不同的；各种各样的→varietyn.多样化，变化→varyvi.相异，不同；变化vt.改变，使多样化速效练笔1．That______hassofar______apieceofmusic.His______willbepopularwiththeyoung.(compose)2．Theoldtemplehaskeptmanyofits______features._______,peopleknewlittleaboutit,butnowitbecomesveryfamous.(origin)3．I______myboredomathomebylearningdrawing.(relief)4．Withthe______matureofproductoilmarket,thesalesprofitwilldrop______.(gradual)5．Attendingagreatschoolwithmodern______wasoneofmydreamsinthechildhood.(equip)6．Tomy______,theywere______withwhatwehaddoneto______thelocalpeople'sneedsinthepastfewweeks.Itwasreallysomething______.(satisfy)7．Whenplanningmeals,youneedtothinkabout______andtasteaswellasnutritionalvalue.Youcanreferto______booksaboutcooking.(vary)【答案】1.composer,composed,composition;2.original,Originally;3.relieved;4.gradual,gradually;5.equipment;6.satisfaction,satisfied,satisfy,satisfying;7.variety,various;必修三单词变形Unit11．congratulatevt.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪→congratulationn.祝贺；恭喜2．religionn.宗教；宗教信仰→religiousadj.宗教的；笃信宗教的3．charmn.魅力；迷人的特征；咒语→charmingadj.迷人的；吸引人的；令人着迷的4．joyn.高兴；喜悦→joyfuladj.高兴的；快乐的5．gratituden.感激之情；感谢→gratefuladj.感激的；表示感谢的6．agriculturen.农业；农艺→agriculturaladj.农业(劳动/生产)7．commercialadj.商业(化)的；以获利为目的的→commercialisevt.使商业化；利用……牟利→commercialisationn.商业化8．faithn.宗教信仰；信任；相信→faithfuladj.忠实的，忠诚的→faithfullyadv.忠实地，忠诚地9．occasionn.特别的场合；(适当的)机会→occasionaladj.偶尔的，不经常的→occasionallyadv.偶尔；间或10．pleasedadj.高兴的；满意的→pleasuren.快乐，满足11．wrestlingn.摔跤运动→wrestlevi.&vt.摔跤；奋力对付→wrestlern.摔跤运动员12．gracen.优美；优雅；高雅→gracefuladj.优美的，优雅的→gracefullyadv.优雅地；优美地13．absolutelyadv.绝对地；完全地→absoluteadj.完全的，纯粹的14．horribleadj.令人震惊的；恐怖的；极坏的→horrorn.震惊，恐惧速效练笔1．Peopleofdifferent______havelivedtogetherinpeaceforcenturiesinthiscountry,becausetheyrespecteachother's______belief.(religion)2．Tohis______,hewasawardedthefirstprize.Buthedoesn'tfeel______aboutitatthemoment.(joy)3．His______oldcataccompaniedhimallthetime.He______promisedthathewouldnotdriveitaway.(faith)4．I'mtryingtotrainmysontodothe______bitofhousework.______,Idosomepaintingathome.(occasion)5．The______lookonherfaceindicatesthatsheenjoysthesimple______oflife.(pleased)6．Heissomethingofa______.______makeshimenergetic.(wrestle)7．Sheisawonderfully______dancer.Thatistosay,shecandance______．(grace)【答案】1.religions,religious;2.joy,joyful;3.faithful,faithfully;4.occasional,Occasionally;5.pleased,pleasure;6.wrestler,Wrestling;7.graceful,gracefullyUnit21．entrustvt.委托；交付→entrustmentn.委托，托付；信托2．marriagen.结婚；婚姻→marryv.结婚，嫁，娶3．complainvi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚→complaintn.抱怨，投诉4．respondvt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应→responsen.反应；回答；回复5．rejectvt.拒绝接受；不录用→rejectionn.拒绝接受；否决6．electvt.选举；推选→electionn.选举；推选；当选7．scarevt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓→scaredadj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的8．energeticadj.精力充沛的；充满活力的→energeticallyadv.精力充沛地9．operationn.手术；企业；经营→operatevi.运转；动手术vt.操作；控制；使运行→operatorn.经营者；操作人员10．assistvt.帮助；援助→assistancen.援助，帮助；辅助设备→assistantn.助手，助理，助教adj.辅助的，助理的；有帮助的11．waitressn.(餐馆的)女服务员；女侍者→waitern.服务员；侍者12．harmn．&vt.伤害；损害→harmfuladj.有害的，导致损害的13．flexibleadj.灵活的；可变通的→flexiblyadv.灵活地；易曲地；柔软地；有弹性地14．tensionn.紧张关系；紧张；焦虑→tensev.(使)(身体或肌肉)绷紧/僵直；使紧张adj.紧张的，焦虑的速效练笔1．MaryandJimmetatcollegeand______soonaftertheygraduated.Their______isahappyone.(marry)2．______can'thelpsolveanyproblems.Weshouldstop______andtakeactionstomakeourearthabetterplacetolivein.(complain)3．Herproposalwasmetwithanenthusiastic______.By______quicklytochangesinthemarkets,farmerscanearnenoughprofits.(respond)4．Thefinal______resultswillbeannouncedonFriday.Thenwewillknowwhois______President.(elect)5．The______firstlookedthroughthebrochure,then______themachineaccordingtotheinstructionsproperly.Thenew______ruleshouldbepaidmoreattentionto.(operate)6．______bymytwo______,__Isucceededinfinishingtheexperiment.Asamatteroffact,their______helpedalot.(assist)【答案】1.married,marriage;2.Complaints,complaining;3.response,responding;4.election,elected;5.operator,operated,operation;6.Assisted,assistants,assistance;Unit31．diverseadj.不同的；多种多样的→diversityn.差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性2．fortunen.机会；运气→fortunatelyadv.幸运地3．admitvi.&vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)→admissionn.承认，供认→admittedlyadv.诚然，不可否认地4．journaln.日志；日记；报纸；刊物→journalistn.新闻工作者；记者5．minorityn.少数民族；少数派；少数人→minoradj.次要的；较小的6．financialadj.财政的；财务的；金融的→financen.财政，金融；资金；财源，财力v.提供资金7．poisonn.毒物；毒药；毒素vt.毒死；毒害→poisonousadj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的8．constructionn.建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的)结构→constructv.建造，修建；组成n.构想，观念速效练笔1．_______,Ifelthewouldseemygivingupnowasan_______thatIwaswrong.(admit)2．Thisreportgivesaglobalpictureofthecompany's_______.Thecompanyneedsmore_______assistancefromthegovernment.(finance)3．Studentsneedtheabilityto_______alogicalargument.Thepreparationfortheirargumentiscurrentlyunder_______.(construct)【答案】1.Admittedly,admission;2.finances,financial;3.construct,construction;Unit41．mentaladj.精神的；思想的→mentallyadv.精神上，智力上；心理上2．intelligentadj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligencen.智力；智慧；情报工作；情报机关3．determinevt.查明；确定；决定→determinedadj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determinationn.决心；测定4．disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointv.使失望；使破灭→disappointmentn.失望，沮丧；令人失望的人，让人扫兴的事5．independentadj.独立的；自立的→independentlyadv.独立地→independencen.独立，自主；(国家的)独立6．arguevt.&vi.论证；争辩；争论→argumentn.争论；争吵；论点7．regularadj.定期的；经常的；正常的→regularlyadv.经常；定期地8．mysteryn.神秘事物；谜→mysteriousadj.神秘的；奇怪的速效练笔1．Somewill_______withthedetailsbutthethrustofthe_______issimple.(argue)2．The_______ofherwritingimpressesme.(intelligent)3．Shewas_______totryherbest,foragoodstartishalfthesuccess.Youcan'thelpbutadmireher_______.(determine)4．Totheir_______,thisjourneyabroadmadeallofthetourists_______.(disappoint)5．Enteringcollegehasmadememuchmore_______.Besides,it'simportantthatparents(should)allowtheirchildrensome_______(independent)【答案】1.argue,argument;2.intelligence;3.determined,determination;4.disappointment,disappointed;5.independent,independence.Unit51．apologisevi.道歉；谢罪→apologyn.道歉；谢罪；辩护2．ignorevt.忽视；对……不予理会→ignorancen.无知，愚昧→ignorantadj.无知的，(对某事物)不了解的3．judgevt.&vi.评价；评判；判断n.法官；审判员；裁判员→judg(e)mentn.意见；判断力；审判；评价4．narratorn.(书、戏剧或电影中的)叙述者；讲述者；幕后解说员→narrationn.叙述；讲述；解说5．miningn.采矿；采矿业→mineraladj.矿物的；矿质的6．patiencen.耐心；忍耐力；毅力→patientadj.有耐心的，能容忍的n.病人，患者；受动者，承受者7．musicaln.音乐剧adj.音乐的→musicn.音乐→musiciann.音乐家；作曲家；乐师8．optionn.可供选择的事物；选择；选择权→optionaladj.可选择的；选修的9．permissionn.准许；许可；批准；许可证