专题3.八年级下册Unit5-Unit6知识梳理与精练

Noteverythingthatisfacedcanbechanged,butnothingcanbechangeduntilitisfaced.并不是你面对了，任何事情都能改变。但是，如果你不肯面对，那什么也变不了。八年级下册Unit5Unit6第一节（词汇活用）1.properadj.符合习俗的；正确的→________(副词)2．loudlyadv.大声地→________(形容词)3．runvi.流动→________(过去式)→________(过去分词)4．parkingn.停车→________(动词)5.expressvt.表达→________(名词)6．explainvt.&vi.解释→________(现在分词)7．practicen.练习；训练→________(动词)8．decidev.决定→________(名词)9．discussv.讨论→________(名词)10．successn.成功→________(形容词)11.trainvi.&vt.训练→________(名词)12．supportvt.支持→________(名词)13．blindadj.瞎的→________(名词)14．disabledadj.残疾的→________(名词)15．homelessadj.无家可归的→________(名词)16．necessaryadj.必须的→______________(反义词)17.confidentadj.自信的→______________(名词)18．closelyadv.密切地→________(形容词)19．achievevt.实现→_____________(名词)20．donatevt.捐献→________(名词)21．organizationn.组织→________(动词)22．introductionn.介绍→________(动词)23．operationn.手术→________(动词)第二节（重点词组）1.打断(谈话)，插嘴____________2．到处扔垃圾____________3．把水龙头一直开着____________4．遵守交通规则____________5．排队等候____________6．与某人握手____________7．通过亲吻的方式打招呼____________8．公开地，在别人面前____________9．插队，加塞____________10．碰到某人____________11.挡住某人的路____________12．从某人身边挤过去____________13．也，还有____________14．偶然，意外地____________15．压低声音____________16．保护，使免受____________17．警告某人别做某事____________18．不久以后____________19．冒险做某事____________20．首要的是____________12.感觉更自信____________13．把人们聚拢在一起____________14．来自不同背景____________15．大家庭中的一部分____________16．和……密切合作____________17．实现某人的梦想____________18．在做某事方面有困难____________19．用这种方式____________20．生病住院____________21．丧生____________22．伸出援助之手____________第三节（重难聚焦）1.turnn.轮流，(轮流的)顺序[拓展]turn还可作动词，意为“旋转；转动”。 [搭配]taketurns轮流turnon打开turnoff关闭turnup调高；调大turndown调小；调低turnright向右转turnleft向左转2.pushvi.&vt.推，挤 [点拨]push也可作名词，意为“推，推动”。其反义词为pull，意为“拉”。 [搭配]pushin插队push…into…把……推进……givesbapush推某人一下3.inone'sway挡住某人的路[拓展]与way相关的短语：alltheway一直，总是bytheway顺便问/说一下onone'swaytosp在某人去某地的路上loseone'sway迷路4.expectvt.&vi.期待，指望；预料[点拨]expect表示“期待，期望”，通常为及物动词。expect后接动词时要用不定式，不用动名词。expect后可接that从句，若从句谓语为否定，注意否定的转移。—HasJanedonethewashingyet?—Youcannot_____hertodosuchathing.want B.hope C.expect D.wish5.similaradj.同样的，类似的[搭配]besimilarto和……相似befamiliarwith对……熟悉Bedifferentfrom与……不同Bethesameas与……相同1.Hisopinionsaresimilar_____yoursbutdifferent._____Julia’s. A.to;from B.from;to C.as;with D.with;as2.我最好的朋友跟我相似，因为我们都勤奋。Mybestfriendis___________mebecauseWearebothhardworking.6.giveup放弃 [点拨]giveup后接名词或动名词，接代词时，代词放中间，如giveitup。giveout分发，发出；发表 givein投降，屈服giveoff发出；放出；散发出 giveback归还；恢复givesbahand给某人帮助 giveaway赠予；颁发7.more/anothermore 数词＋more＋名词＝another＋数词＋名词another 意为“另一个，另外的，额外的，附加的”，后接可数名词单数；接可数名词复数时，其前常有 few或具体的数词修饰。8.prize/award/rewardprize 侧重于对各种竞赛中成绩优秀者的奖励，或对于某种行为的嘉奖。award 指正式地或官方地颁发、授予、给予，也可以指法庭裁决给予。reward 侧重于对某一行为的回报，即“报酬，赏金”。9.excuseme/sorryexcuseme 常用于句首，通常在打扰别人或要吸引别人注意时使用。sorry 通常在由于自己的过失给对方造成影响，或对别人的要求不能满足时使用；还可以用来 表示对别人的病情、身体不适、处于困境等感到同情、伤心、难过。10.aloud/loud/loudlyaloud 表示“出声地”，常与read,say等连用；当修饰cry,shout等动词时，有“大声地”的意思。Aloud 表示从不出声到出声，不存在声音大小的问题，因而没有比较级。loud 表示“大声地，响亮地”，既可作形容词，又可作副词，常与动词sing,speak,talk,laugh,cry等 动词连用。loudly 表示“高声地”，有时可与loud通用，但更多含有喧闹的意味。11.riskvt.冒险做[点拨]risk还可作名词，意为“危险，风险”。 [搭配]riskone'slifetodosth冒着生命危险做某事riskdoingsth冒险做某事takearisk冒险12.sbis＋(not)adj.＋enough＋todosth.某人足够/不够……做某事。 [点拨]enough置于形容词之后。“sbis＋(not)adj.＋enough＋todosth.”有时可转换为“It's＋adj.＋ofsb＋ (not)todosth.”。13.sbistoo＋adj.＋todosth.某人太……而不能……。 [点拨]“too…to…”句式可与“so…that…(not)”以及“sbis＋(not)adj.＋enough＋todosth.”进行转换，但要注意“too…to…”与“so…that”之间的形容词要与“sbis＋(not)adj.＋enough＋todosth.”句型中的形容词相反。随堂练习一．用所给词的适当形式填空1.Everyoneshouldbehave______inpublic.(polite)2.Don'tleavethetap________(run)whilebrushingyourteeth.3．—Foreignerscanhardlyeveravoid______(buy)Chineseproducts.4．Theguideadvisedusnottorisk________(stay)outlateatnight.5．Billistooselfish________(share)thingswithothers.6.It’s________(polite)ofTomtopushinbeforeothersinpublic.二．用所给词的适当形式填空1.Thenewsandtalkshowsmaynotbeveryexciting,butwecanexpect______（learn）alotfromthem.2.Doyouknowtheboy________(call)Daniel?3.Weshouldtryourbest________(finish)thework.4．Idon'tfeellike________(eat)anything.5．MyfriendsandIwouldliketohelpthe________(home)peopleasvolunteersaftertheterrible6．Whatdoyoudotohelppeopleinyour________(day)life?7．Ourenvironmentisgetting________(bad)thanbefore.8．Theboywasseriouslyill.Heneededan________(operate)．课后练习一一．翻译下列短语。1.和他爸爸握手 2.开始一次交谈在公共场合 4.挡住他们的路5.撞到你的哥哥 6.足够礼貌的意外地 8.禁止吸烟9.警告他们 10.注意到那个男孩给他们一些有用的消息12.不同的例子13.一些公共标志14.插在其他人的前面15.一幅名画二．用所给词的适当形式填空。Itisnecessaryforhimtofinish(design)aposterbeforeschool.Thepolicemanwarnsthedrivers(notdrive)carsafterdrinkingwine.Thereservecankeepthebirdsfrom(dangerous).Theboywantstorisk(lose)everythingallatonetime.It’sourpurpose(tell)studentswhatthemostimportantthingis.Thesignbythelakemeans“No(fish)”.Wedidn’tstartour(discuss)untileverybodyarrived.Themanistallenough(touch)theleaf.Don’tspeak(loud);yourfatherissleeping.Ihelpthechildby(teach)himEnglish.MrGreen,withhispleasure,(wait)forthebusnow.It’sfiveo’clock.Whatabout(go)home?It’smyjob(organize)theclassmeeting.Theyaretalkingaboutdifferentwaysof(raise)money.Weshouldpractise(speak)Englisheveryday.三．按要求改写句子，每空一词。1.Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.（改为同义句）Theboyisn’ttogotoschool.2.Youmustn’tmakealotofnoiseduringtheshow.（改为祈使句）alotofnoiseduringtheshow.Theygreeteachotherbyshakingtheirhands.（对划线部分提问）dotheyeachother?Youcanlookoutatthebeachandthesea.（改为否定句）Youlookoutatthebeachthesea.Wecanlearnalotofthingsbyreading.（对划线部分提问）youlearnalotofthings?Thequestionisveryeasy.Mysoncananswerit.（改为同义句）Thequestionisformysontoanswer.Shirleywastooweaktocarrythebag.（改为同义句）Shirleywasn’ttocarrythebag.8.Youtalkedabouttheprogramthismorning,andwedidtoo.（改为同义句）Youtalkedabouttheprogramthismorning,andwedid9.Myfatherdidn’twatchTVyesterdayevening.Butheplayedputergames.(改为同义句)Myfatherplayedputergames________________watchingTV.10.Amyisverycareful.Shenoticessmallchangesaroundher.(合并为一句)Amyiscareful________________noticesmallchangesaroundher.四．根据短文内容及首字母提示完成单词。Remembertobeagoodboyoragirlanytime.It’si1tohavegoodmanners,especiallyinsomep2places.Whenyouarewaitinginline,don’tjumpthequeue.Bepatient.Don’tstandtooc3toothersintheline.Keep20cma4ifyoucan.F5theadviceoftheworkerswhenyouarehavingavisitataplaceofinterest.Donotclimbonexhibition.Makesureit’sOKtotakep6beforeyouholdupyoucamera.Whenyougotoshows,w7cleanclothes.Youshouldgettotheshow15minutesbeforeitstarts.Duringtheshow,turno8yourmobilephone.Don’teatduringtheshow.Restaurantswillbequitebusy.Don’tstaytoolongwhenyoufinisheating.Remembertot9yourrubbishawayafterthemeal.Goodmannerscanmakeyouag10oralovelylady.Wheneveryouare,otherswillbepleasedwithyou.二翻译下列短语。1.伸出援助之手2.一个老年人尽可能快4.生来具有5.根据6.听说参加 8.导致9.和……相似10.由……组成献血12.付酬劳13.例如14.用这种方式15.不再用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Weshouldtryourbesttohelpthe_______(able)people.2.Asan________(experience)teacher,healwayshaswaystomakehisclasslively.3.Mr.King’ssonhasetoChinafor__________(far)study.4.Theoldmendoexerciseseverydaytoimprovetheir_______(fit).5.Thegovernmentshoulddosomethingtohelpthose______(home)people.6.Fundraisingeventsare_________(meaning)toorganize.7.It’s________(help)tolearnEnglishwell.8.It’s_________(sadness)forpoorchildrenthattheycan’tgotoschool.9.Idon’tthinkitiseasy________(finish)theworkinonehour. 10.__________(walk)onthemoonisharderthanontheearth.按要求改写句子，每空一词。1.Thistaskisdifficulttofinish.(同义句)__________________difficult___________________thistask.2.IfounditeasytolearnEnglishwell.(同义句)__________________easy______________________________learnEnglishwell.3.They’lllosetheirwayeasilyinsuchabigcity.(同义句)It’s___________________________to_______________________insuchabigcity.4.Itishopefulforustoreachthefootofthehillbeforesunset.(同义句)It’shopefulthat___________________________________________beforesunset.5.Icameheretoreturnthemoney.(对划线部分提问)_____________youehere______?6.Thecharitywalkheldeverymonth.(对划线部分提问)_______________isthecharitywalkheld?7.Ithinkit’simpossibleforhimtofinishitintenminutes.(改为反意疑问句)Ithinkit’simpossibleforhimtofinishitintenminutes,______________?8.Hecouldn’thearanythingwhenhewasborn.(同义句)Hewas_____________