湖南省雅礼教育集团2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中试题含解析

PAGEPAGE25湖南省雅礼教化集团2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中试题（含解析）时量：120分钟总分：150分其次部分阅读理解(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AYoucaneithertravelorread,buteitheryourbodyorsoulmustbeontheway.Thepopularsayinghasinspiredmanypeopletoreadorgosightseeing.Travelingjustlikereading,isarefreshingjourneyfromthebusyworld.Books,brainfood,cankeepyoucompanyonyourtravel.OntheRoad,1957,byJackKerouacThebookisagloballypopularspiritualguidebookaboutyouth.ThemaincharacterinthebookdrivesacrosstheUScontinentwithseveralyoungpeopleandfinallyreachesMexico.Aftertheexhaustingandexcitingtrip,thecharactersinthebookbegintorealizethemeaningoflife.ThebookcanbeagoodpartnerwithyoutoexploretheUnitedStates.LifeisElsewhere,1975,byMilanKunderaJean-JacquesRousseauoncesaid,“Manisbornfree,andeverywhereheisinchains.”Thebooktellsayoungartist’sromanticbutmiserablelife,abouthowhereads,dreams,andhasarelationship.Experiencetheartist’spassionatelifeinthebookduringatriptoCentralEurope.Thebookinvitesyoutodeeplyreflectonyourcurrentlife.TheStoriesofSahara,1967,bySanmaoThebooknarratestheauthor’ssimplebutadventurouslifeintheSaharaDesert,whichseemsadesolateanddullplace.Thefancynaturalsceneryandlifethere,alongwiththeauthor’sromanticandintensiveemotion,willinspireyoutoexplorethemysteriousland.Readingthebookislikeparticipatinginadialoguewiththeauthor,whoissincereandhumorous.Lotus,2006byAnnbabyThisnovelsetinTibet,tellsthreepeople’sstories,eachwiththeiruniquecharacteristics.Itrevealsmodernpeople’semotionsandinnerlife,theirconfusionaboutlove,andexplorationofBuddhism.ThebookisagoodpartnertobringyoutothesacredlandTibet.1.Whichbookisabouttheexplorationoflifevaluethroughajourney?A.OntheRoad. B.LifeisElsewhere.C.TheStoriesofSahara. D.Lotus.2.WhosebookcouldbethemostsuitableforyourtriptoGermany?A.JackKerouac’s. B.Sanmao’s.C.Annbaby’s. D.MilanKundera’s.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.LotusisareligiousbookexploringTibetanBuddhistculture.B.OntheroadadvisesaclassicroutefordrivingacrosstheUS.C.ThestoriesofSahararecordsitsauthors’ownlifeinthedesert.D.LifeisElsewheredemonstratesJean-JacquesRousseau’sownlife.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要举荐了几本适合在旅行途中阅读的书。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据OntheRoad,1957,byJackKerouac中的Aftertheexhaustingandexcitingtrip,thecharactersinthebookbegintorealizethemeaningoflife.可知，在那令人力倦神疲的旅行之后，书中的人物起先意识到生命的意义，故选A项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段TheStoriesoftheSahara,1967,bySanmao中的Experiencetheartist’spassionatelifeinthebookduringatriptoCentralEurope可知，Germany（德国）是属于CentralEurope（中欧）的，故选D项。【3题详解】推理推断题。依据标题Lotus,2006,byAnnbaby中内容可知，该书故事发生在西藏，反映三位人物的情感和内心生活、对爱的困惑以及对佛教的探究，但是并未说该书是宗教书籍，故A错。依据标题OntheRoad,1957,byJackKerouac中内容可知，该书只提及主子公驱车穿越美国大陆到达墨西哥，但其目的并不是介绍一条经典的穿越美国的路途，故B错。依据标题TheStoriesoftheSahara,1976,bySanmao中内容可知，阅读本书，就似乎加入了与作者的对话，并未说本书记录了作者的生活，故D错。依据标题LifeisElsewhere,1975,byMilanKundera中内容“Thebookinvitesyoutodeeplyreflectonyourcurrentlife.”可知，本书引导人们对当前生活进行深刻地反思，故选C项。BRodneySmithisamanwithatask.TheBermudanativeisinthemidstofatripthatwilltakehimtoeverystateinthenation,mowinglawns(修理草坪）.Fiveyearsago，Smithcameacrossaseniormanmowinghislawnandstoppedtohelp.“WhenIcameacrosstheelderlyman,mylifechanged，”hesaid.Afterthat,SmithwentontocreatetheRaisingMenLawnCareService(RMLCS)tomowlawnsfortheelderly，disabled，singlemomsandformersoldiersfreeofcharge.Aspartofprovidingfreeyardwork,theorganizationteacheschildrenaboutservingtheircommunitiesandlawnmowersafety.AkeycomponentofRMLCSisits50-yardchallenge，whichsetsagoalforchildrennationwidetomow50lawnsforfreeintheircommunity.Whenakidsignsupforthechallenge,thegroupsendsthemawhiteshirtwiththeRaisingMenlogo(标识），shadesandearprotection.Theparticipantsreceiveadifferentcoloredshirtafterevery10thlawntheymow.Whentheyhavecompletedthetaskfor50yards，theyreceiveaspecialvisitfromSmithorsomeonewithRMLCS.Theygivethevolunteeranewlawnmower,freeofcharge,andcutotherlawnswiththem.Sincethischallengestartedin2024，12kidshavealreadycompletedthechallenge.Andbothboysandgirlsarepartofit.Atpresenttheyhave130kidsnationwidetakingpartinthischallenge，including7inBermudaandtheU.K.andoneinCanada.Soit5sspreadingworldwide.EventheQueenofEnglandtooknotice—thegovernorofBermudapresentedSmithwithanawardlatelastyearonbehalfofher.ItwasalsolastyearthatSmithcameupwiththe50States50Lawnscampaign.Now,in2024，he’sontheroadagain.4WhatisthepurposeoftheRaisingMenLawnCareService?A.Educatechildrentoworkhard.B.Offerfreelawncuttingservice.C.Makelawnmowersofhighquality.D.Trainprofessionallawnmowingworkers.5.Whatindicatesachildcompletingthe50-yardchallenge?A.AvisittoRMLCS.B.TheRaisingMenlogo.C.Awhiteshirtandearprotection.DAnewlawnmowerfromRMLCS.6.WhyistheQueenofEnglandmentioned?A.Topraisethequeenforhercare.B.ToproveSmithisrespectedbyeveryone.C.ToshowSmith’sbehaviorgotrecognized.D.TointroducewhereSmith’smotivationcamefrom.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MowLawnsinOrdertoTravelB.LawnMowing—aNewTrendC.ChooseMowingLawnstoHelpD.Smith—aManLovesMowingLawns【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。史密斯创建了名为theRaisingMenLawnCareService(RMLCS)的组织来免费为老人，残疾人，单身母亲和退伍军人修剪草坪。这个组织有个帮助所在社区修剪50片草坪的挑战，完成最终挑战的孩子会得到一台新的割草机。自2024年这项挑战起先以来，有越来越多的孩子参与到其中，甚至引起了英国女王的留意。4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“tocreatetheRaisingMenLawnCareService(RMLCS)tomowlawnsfortheelderly，disabled，singlemomsandformersoldiersfreeofcharge.”可知史密斯创建了RMLCS来免费为老人，残疾人，单身母亲和退伍军人修剪草坪。故选B项。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Whentheyhavecompletedthetaskfor50yards，theyreceiveaspecialvisitfromSmithorsomeonewithRMLCS.Theygivethevolunteeranewlawnmower,freeofcharge,andcutotherlawnswiththem.”可知当这些孩子完成修剪50片草坪的任务时，Smith或RMLCS的其他人会对他们进行一次特殊的探望。他们会给这些孩子一台新的割草机，并一起修剪草坪。这说明一个小孩假如收到一台RMLCS送的新的割草机意味着他/她完成了修建50片草坪的任务。故选D项。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段中的“Soit‘sspreadingworldwide.EventheQueenofEnglandtooknotice—thegovernorofBermudapresentedSmithwithanawardlatelastyearonbehalfofher.”可知这项挑战在全世界传播开来。甚至英国女王也留意到了-百慕大省长去年年底代表她给史密斯颁奖。女王的嘉奖意味着一种确定，由此推断作者提到英国女王是为了说明史密斯的行为受到了认可。故选C项。【7题详解】推理推断题。全文主要讲了史密斯创建了这个组织来免费为老人，残疾人，单身母亲和退伍军人修剪草坪，并发起修剪50片草坪的挑战来激励孩子为社区免费修剪草坪。因此C项（选择修剪草坪来帮助他人）最适合做全文的标题。故选C项。CIfyouhaveadog,you’veprobablytriedtotrainit.Therearesomebasics,suchassitting,stavingnotgoingtothebathroomonyourrugs.Andifyourdoglearnsthingsquickly,youmightstarttothinkit’sreallysmart.Butifyoureallywanttoknowaboutdogintelligence,youhavetolookatnon-dogsaswelltounderstandwhat’sspecialtodogsandwhatisjusttypicalofgroupstheybelongto.StephenLea.aretiredprofessorofpsychologyfromtheUniversityofExeter,andhisteamlookedathundredsofpublishedstudiestocomparedogcognition(认知)withthatofotheranimals.Theyfoundthatdogsaregoodatpickinguponsocialcommands.Leaexplained,“Theyaregood,forexample,atusinghumanpointingorfollowinghumangaze,lookingatwhatyou’relookingat.We’renotsayingdogsaren’tgoodatthosetasks,theyare.Whatweweresayingisthattherearesomeotheranimalsthatarejustasgoodatthem,likebottle-nosedolphinsandgrayseals.”Leaalsosaid,“It’snotsomethingthat’suniquetodogsorindeedveryunexpectedindogs,giventhesortsofanimalsdogsare.Inotherwords,they’redomesticated(驯化的).They’reoriginalfromsocialhunters.Andimportantly,they’recarnivores(食肉动物).Theybelongtoabiggroupofmammalsthatalsoincludescats,hyenas,otters,bears,andalsothesealsandsealions,whichwesometimesforgetabout,butwhich,ofcourse,arealsoveryeasytotraindespitenotbeingdomesticated.”Andwhiledogcognitionmaynotactuallybeexceptional,theirnosesdefinitelyare.Theirsenseofsmell—theycantelltheextraordinarythings,likewhichoftwoidenticaltwinsthey’relookingatorsniffing(嗅)at.Leaalsopointsouttherearesometasksthatdogsapparentlycannotdo,suchasusingtoolsorexhibitingself-awareness.However,hesaid,“There’salwaysthepossibilitythatsomeone,somewhereisatthismomenttryingtoprovethatadogcandosomethingthatwesaiditcouldn’t.Butifyoucanfindit,wewillhappilychangeourminds.”8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesLeaagreewithinthepassage?A.Dogscanusetoolsandexhibitself-awareness.B.Dogsarealsothoughttobecleverevenifknowingfewbasiccommands.C.Dogsarebetteratcomprehendinghumanpointingthanbottle-nosedolphins.D.Dogscantellsimilarthingslikewhichoftwoidenticaltwinsthey’relookingat.9.Howdodogsgettheabilityofpickinguponsocialcommands?A.Dogsarebornwiththeability.B.Dogscopyotheranimals’behavior.C.Dogsaredomesticatedbyhumanbeings.D.Dogsaretaughttheabilitybytheirparents.10.WhatisLea’sattitudetowardstheopinionswhicharedifferentfromhis?A.Neutral. B.Positive. C.Doubtful. D.Negative.11.Whatistheappropriatetitleforthepassage?A.Thewaytoevaluateadog’sIQ.B.Thewaytodomesticateasmartdog.C.Thewaytoimproveadog’scognition.D.Thewaytostudyadog’ssmell.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了推断狗智商的方式，主要是要了解狗的特殊之处，尤其是擅长其他动物所不擅长的技能。

【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中“theycantelltheextraordinarythings,likewhichoftwoidenticaltwinsthey’relookingatorsniffingat.”他们能辨别不同寻常的事，比如辨别出他们看的或者嗅的是完全相同的双胞胎中的哪一个。故选D。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Theyfoundthatdogsaregoodatpickinguponsocialcommands.”他们发觉狗擅长领悟社交指令。以及第四段中“It’snotsomethingthat’suniquetodogsorindeedveryunexpectedindogs,giventhesortsofanimalsdogsare.Inotherwords,they’redomesticated.”考虑到狗所属的动物类别，这件事对狗来说不是独特的或者是出乎意料的。换句话说，他们是被驯化的。结合可知，狗擅长社交的实力，不是天生的，独特的，而是驯化得来的，故选C。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中“There’salwaysthepossibilitythatsomeone,somewhereisatthismomenttryingtoprovethatadogcandosomethingthatwesaiditcouldn’t.Butifyoucanfindit,wewillhappilychangeourminds.”有可能会有人此时正在在某个地方试着证明狗能做我们说它做不到的事情。但是假如你能找到，我们很乐意变更我们的想法。由此可知，Lea很乐意接受和自己观点不一样的观点，也就是对待不同的观点是“主动的”，故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段中“Butifyoureallywanttoknowaboutdogintelligence,youhavetolookatnon-dogsaswelltounderstandwhat’sspecialtodogsandwhatisjusttypicalofgroupstheybelongto.”假如你真的想了解狗的智商，你也要看看那些非狗类的数据，去以此辨别哪些是属于狗的特殊之处以及他们所属的群体典型特征。再结合短文介绍了推断狗智商的方式，主要是要了解狗的特殊之处，尤其是擅长其他动物所不擅长的技能。由此推断出短文的最佳标题为“评估狗智商的方法”。故选A。DAdecade-longstudy,alsothefirstmajorresearchintoairpollutionanddiseasehasshownthatlivingnearamainroadincreasestheriskofdementia.Thestudyof6.6millionpeoplefoundthatonein10dementiadeathsinpeoplelivingwithin50metersofabusyroadwasduetowastegasandnoise.Airpollutionisalreadyknowntocontributetothedeathsofaround40,000peopleinBritaineachyearbyworseningbreathingandheartconditions,whilepreviousresearchshowedemissionscancausebrainshrinkage.ButthenewstudybyCanadianpublichealthscientistsisthefirsttofindalinkbetweenlivingclosetoheavytrafficandtheincreasingofdementia,adiscoverydescribedas“believable”and“impressive”byBritishexperts.DrHongChensaid,“Ourstudysuggeststhatbusyroadscouldbeasourceofenvironmentalstressorsthatcouldgiverisetotheonsetofdementia.Populationgrowthandurbanizationhasplacedmanypeopleclosetoheavytraffic,andwithwidespreadexposuretoheavytrafficandgrowingratesofdementia,evenamodesteffectfromnear-roadexposurecouldcausealargepublichealthburden.Moreresearchtounderstandingthislinkisneeded,particularlyintotheeffectsofdifferentaspectsoftraffic,suchasairpollutantsandnoise.”Inthenewstudy,theteamtrackedalladultsagedbetween20and85livinginOntarioformorethanadecadefrom2001to2012.Theyusedpostcodestodeterminehowclosepeoplelivedtoamainroadandanalyzedmedicalrecordstoseeiftheywentontodevelopdementia,Parkinson’sdiseaseormultiplesclerosis.WhiletherewasnocorrelationbetweenlivingneararoadandParkinson’sdiseaseormultiplesclerosis,dementiariskreducedaspeoplelivedfurtherfromamainroad,witha7percenthigherriskindevelopingdementiaamongthoselivingwithin50metres:a4percenthigherriskat50-100metresanda2percenthigherriskat101—200metres.After200metrestherewasnoincrease.Researchersbelievethatnoiseoftrafficmayalsoplayaroleintheraisedriskaswellasotherurbanpollution,whichisoftenpresentnearbusyroads.12.WhatcanweknowaboutCanadian’snewstudy?A.itpuzzlesBritishexperts.B.Itbringsbenefitstodementiapatients.C.Itshowsthatairpollutioncanleadtodementia.D.Itshowsthatairpollutioncancausebrainshrinaage.13.WhatDrHongChensaidshowsthat________.A.peoplesufferdementiamainlyduetoairpollutionB.widespreadexposuretotrafficreducesthenskofhavingdementiaC.thelinkbetweenlivingnearroadsandhavingdementiaisnotobviousD.busyroadscouldbeasourceofenvironmentalstressorsthatcausedementia14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“correlation”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Change. B.Association. C.Improvement. D.Secret.15.Fromthelastparagraphwecanknowthat________.A.livingwithin200metresofamainroadissafeforpeopleB.noiseoftrafficisnotariskofpeopledevelopingdementiaC.livingnearamainroadaddstotheriskofsufferingParkinson’sdiseaseD.thefurtherawayfromheavytraffic,thesmallertheriskofhavingdementia【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。探讨发觉，居住在主道路旁边的居民由于受空气污染和噪音影响患痴呆和一些其他疾病的风险较高。文章介绍了空气污染的危害，这项探讨的开展过程以及人们对这项探讨的看法。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段中“Adecade-longstudy,alsothefirstmajorresearchintoairpollutionanddiseasehasshownthatlivingnearamainroadincreasestheriskofdementia.(一项长达十年的探讨，也是第一项关于空气污染和疾病的重大探讨表明，住在主干道旁边会增加患痴呆症的风险)”以及其次段中“ButthenewstudybyCanadianpublichealthscientistsisthefirsttofindalinkbetweenlivingclosetoheavytrafficandtheincreasingofdementia,adiscoverydescribedas“believable”and“impressive”byBritishexperts.(但加拿大公共卫生科学家的这项新探讨首次发觉了住在交通拥挤的地方与痴呆症增加之间的联系。英国专家称这一发觉“可信”且“令人印象深刻”)”可知，加拿大人的新探讨表明空气污染会导致痴呆。故选C。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段中“Ourstudysuggeststhatbusyroadscouldbeasourceofenvironmentalstressorsthatcouldgiverisetotheonsetofdementia.(我们的探讨表明，繁忙的道路可能是环境压力的一个来源，可能会导致痴呆症的发作)”可知，HongChen博士认为繁忙的道路可能是导致痴呆的环境压力源。故选D。【14题详解】词义揣测题。依据划线词后文“betweenlivingneararoadandParkinson’sdiseaseormultiplesclerosis,dementiariskreducedaspeoplelivedfurtherfromamainroad”结合上文提到探讨发觉的是住在主干道旁边会增加患痴呆症的风险。由此可知，居住在道路旁边与帕金森病或多发性硬化症之间没有关联，但随着人们居住在离主干道越远的地方，痴呆症风险就越低。故划线词意思为“关联”。A.Change.变更；B.Association.关联；C.Improvement.改善；D.Secret.隐私。故选B。【15题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中“dementiariskreducedaspeoplelivedfurtherfromamainroad(人们住得离主干道越远，患痴呆症的风险就越低)”可知，离交通拥挤的地方越远，患痴呆症的风险就越小。故选D。其次节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyouthinkyou’velostyourinspiration?Maybetheupsanddownsoflifeandworkhaveaffectedyou.You'renotalone.Themajorityofpeopleacrosstheworldaretryingnewerandeasierwaystogetinspired.___16___Theystartthinkingtothemselvesthattheyarenogood.Andonlyahandfulofpeoplecanstayinspiredforlife.Youcangetinspiredforlifeanytimeyouwant.That'sthepotentialofbeinghuman.Alonetimeisjustasimportantassocializingtime.Itisimportanttostayaloneforyoutounderstandyourthoughtsandemotionsatadeeperlevel.___17___It'salwaysinsideofyou,waitingtobeused.Doyouhavegoals?Ifyoudon't,nowisthetimetowritethemdown.Apersonwithoutgoalshasnodirection.Andheorshecanneverknowifheorsheismakingprogressornot.Createyourlifegoalsandthenbreakthemdowntoyearlygoals,monthlygoals,weeklygoalsanddailygoals,Youcanevengodeepertohourlygoals.___18___Whensocializing,listentothestoriesofotherpeople,You’llbehappytorealizehowfortunateyoureallyare.Mostofthepeoplearoundyouhavegonethroughthingsyoumightneverimagine.___19___Listentotheirstoriesandhowtheysettledtheirproblems.Youcanalsoreadaninspiringbookorwatchamovietogettheinspirationyouneedtomoveforward.___20___Ifyou’relostyourinspiration,youcanputtopracticethesetipsanytime.It'stimetostartlivingwithpassion.A.Inspirationcomesfrominside.B.Inspirationalsocomesfromyoursuccess.C.Buttheygiveupalongthewaygradually.D.Andtheretheyarestandinginfrontofyou.E.Everyoneneedsinspirationtosucceedinlife.F.Buttheyalwayskeeptheirexperiencesasecret.G.Havingasenseofdirectionwillkeepyouinspired.【答案】16.C17.A18.G19.D20.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文对如何获得灵感提出了一些建议：比如在独处的时候，了解自己的想法，或者倾听他人的故事等。。【16题详解】依据上文Themajorityofpeopleacrosstheworldaretryingnewerandeasierwaystogetinspired.和空格后句子Theystartthinkingtothemselvesthattheyarenogood.可知，世界上大多数人都在尝试更新更简洁的方法来获得灵感，他们起先自言自语地认为自己不好。所以选项与上文为转折关系。故C选项“但他们渐渐放弃了”切题。承上启下，故选C项。【17题详解】依据下文“It'salwaysinsideofyou,waitingtobeused.”可知，它始终在你的内心，等待着被利用。所以选项承接下文。故A选项“灵感来自内心”切题。故选A项。【18题详解】依据上文“Youcanevengodeepertohourlygoals”可知，你甚至可以进一步细化到每小时目标。所以选项对上文总结说明有目标对于获得灵感的好处。故G选项“有目标会让你保持灵感”切题。故选G项。【19题详解】依据上文句子Mostofthepeoplearoundyouhavegonethroughthingsyoumightneverimagine.可知，你四周的大多数人都经验过你可能无法想象的事情。所以选项D“Andtheretheyarestandinginfrontofyou.他们就站在你面前。”与上文连接紧密，这里的they指的就是上文的people，故选D。【20题详解】依据下文“Ifyou’relostyourinspiration,youcanputtopracticethesetipsanytime.It'stimetostartlivingwithpassion.”可知，假如你失去了灵感，你可以随时实践这些建议。是时候起先充溢激情的生活了。本段在总结全文，所以选项承接下文。故E选项“每个人都须要灵感来获得胜利”切题。故选E项。【点睛】找出句子之间的连接性的词语是解决7选5题型的重要解题方法，文章的语句间的组合，除了从语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助句子之间的连接性词语来把握，因为连接性词语能表明这个语段句与句之间、层与层之间的基本关系有承接关系（如so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,asaresult等）平列关系（如first,second,third…;firstly,secondly,thirdly…;first,next,then…;inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace…;foronething,foranotherthing…;tobeginwith,toconclude等）。转折关系（如however,nevertheless,nonetheless,still,though,yet,inspiteof,atanyrate,inanycase,whoever,whateveronthecontrary,incontrast,bycontrast,incomparison,bycomparison,conversely,otherwise等）。层递关系（如also,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition,what’smore,too,either,neither,not…but…,notonly…butalso等）。例如小题1，依据上文Themajorityofpeopleacrosstheworldaretryingnewerandeasierwaystogetinspired.和空格后句子Theystartthinkingtothemselvesthattheyarenogood.可知，世界上大多数人都在尝试更新更简洁的方法来获得灵感，他们起先自言自语地认为自己不好。所以选项与上文为转折关系。故C选项“但他们渐渐放弃了”切题。故小题1选C项。第三部分语言学问运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。JuanManuelBallesterowasa47-year-oldsailingenthusiast,whocurrentlylivedinPortoSanto,Portugal.WhentheCOVID-19pandemic(流行病)outbreakstartedtotakeitshold,Ballesterobeganto_____21_____acrosstheAtlantic10reachhis90-year-olddadinthemiddleofMarch.“Ididn’twantto_____22_____likeacoward(软弱的人)onanislandwheretherewereno_____23_____,Ballesterosaid.“Myfatheris90yearsoldandI’m_____24_____hishealth,especiallyduringthepandemic.”Thejourneywasn’twithoutanytrouble.Althoughhe’d_____25_____necessitiesandfuelbeforeleavingthePortugueseislandinhisboat,he_____26_____tomakeastopatCapeVerdeinmid-Apriltopickupmoresuppliesandfuel._____27_____,authoritiesinthemiddleoftheAtlanticOceanrefusedhisrequesttodock(停靠).So,the_____28_____sailorcarriedonhisjourneyinhopesthathe’dgettoseehisdad,unsureofwhatto_____29_____astheworldbattledwiththepandemic.Hesaid,“Theloveformyfatherkeptme_______30_______inthesesituations.Ilearnedaboutmyself;thisvoyagegavemelotsof_______31_______Hefinallyreachedtheportofhis_______32_______MardelPlataandwasableto_______33_______his90-year-oldfatherafterhisCOVID-19test_______34_______camebacknegative(阴性的)—justintimeforFather’sDay.Ballesteroproveshowtheloveforhisfatherhasno_______35_______eveninsuchadifficulttime.21.A.travel B.swim C.fly D.run22.A.escape B.leave C.stay D.relax23.A.resources B.comforts C.reasons D.cases24.A.awareof B.certainof C.concernedabout D.satisfiedwith25.A.ordered B.prepared C.produced D.consumed26.A.managed B.failed C.referred D.intended27.A.Otherwise B.Anyhow C.However D.Therefore28.A.honest B.courageous C.generous D.stubborn29.A.expect B.pay C.predict D.bring30.A.rising B.changing C.wondering D.standing31A.hope B.inspiration C.tests D.advantages32.A.unique B.native C.pretty D.great33.A.hug B.welcome C.accept D.protect34.A.result B.effect C.agenda D.standard35.A.measurements B.choices C.questions D.limits【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.C25.D26.D27.C28.B29.A30.D31.B32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文主要记叙了47岁的JuanManuelBallestero在疫情期间驾船穿越大西洋去探望自己的父亲，在克服了种种困难后，最终和父亲团聚的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当COVID-19疫情起先扩散时，Ballestero在3月中旬起先驾船跨越大西洋与他90岁的父亲相见。A.travel旅行；B.swim游泳；C.fly飞行；D.run奔跑。依据后文“acrosstheAtlantic”以及“inhisboat”可知，Ballestero在3月中旬起先驾船跨越大西洋与他90岁的父亲相见。travelacross“跨越”。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想像个胆小鬼一样留在一个没有病例的岛上。A.escape逃走；B.leave离开；C.stay停留；D.relax放松。依据第一段中“JuanManuelBallesterowasa47-year-oldsailingenthusiast,whocurrentlylivedinPortoSanto,Portugal.”可知，JuanManuelBallestero本身是住在PortoSanto岛上的，所以此处指他不想留在岛上。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不想像个胆小鬼一样留在一个没有病例的岛上。A.resources资源；B.comforts劝慰；C.reasons理由；D.cases案例。依据第一段中“theCOVID-19pandemicoutbreak”可知，当时正是流行病期间，而岛上没有病例，很平安。故选D。【24题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我父亲已经90岁了，我很担忧他的健康，尤其是在流行病期间。A.awareof意识到；B.certainof确信；C.concernedabout担忧；D.satisfiedwith满足。结合后文“hishealth,especiallyduringthepandemic”可知，他担忧自己90岁父亲的健康。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他在乘船离开葡萄牙岛之前已经消耗了必需品和燃料，但他准备在4月中旬在佛得角做了一次停留，以获得更多的补给和燃料。A.ordered吩咐；B.prepared准备；C.produced产生；D.consumed消耗。结合后文“topickupmoresuppliesandfuel”可知，他在乘船离开葡萄牙岛之前已经消耗了必需品和燃料。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他在乘船离开葡萄牙岛之前已经消耗了必需品和燃料，但他准备在4月中旬在佛得角做了一次停留，以获得更多的补给和燃料。A.managed尝试；B.failed失败；C.referred涉及；D.intended准备。后文提到他想在佛得角停留遭到了拒绝，说明他原来准备在此做一次停留的。故选D。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，大西洋中心的当局拒绝了他的靠岸恳求。A.Otherwise否则；B.Anyhow总之；C.However然而；D.Therefore因此。依据前后文语境可知，此处为转折关系，应用however。故选C。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，这位英勇的水手接着他的旅程，希望能见到他的父亲，但不知道在全世界与疫情抗争的过程中会发生什么。A.honest诚恳的；B.courageous英勇的；C.generous慷慨的；D.stubborn固执的。在必需品和燃料耗尽，且无法靠岸的状况下，Ballestero仍旧接着他的航行，说明他很英勇。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，这位英勇的水手接着他的旅程，希望能见到他的父亲，但不知道在全世界与疫情抗争的过程中会发生什么。A.expect期盼；B.pay支付；C.predict预料；D.bring带来。结合后文“astheworldbattledwiththepandemic”可知，全世界都在和疫情抗争，Ballestero无法预料会发生什么。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对父亲的爱让我在这种状况下矗立不倒。A.rising上升；B.changing变更；C.wondering想知道；D.standing站立，矗立。Ballestero坚持航行是因为父亲的爱，即父爱让他在这种状况下仍旧矗立不倒。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我了解了自己，这次旅行给了我很多启发。A.hope希望；B.inspiration启发，鼓舞；C.tests测试；D.advantages优点。结合上文“Ilearnedaboutmyself”可知，Ballestero在这次行程中了解了自己，说明旅行给了他启发。故选B。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他最终抵达了家乡MardelPlata的港口，在COVID-19检测结果为阴性后，他得以拥抱90岁的父亲——这正好赶上了父亲节。A.unique独特的；B.native本地的；C.pretty美丽的；D.great极好的。依据上文“Hefinallyreachedtheportofhis”可知，他最终到达了自己的家乡马德普拉塔港。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他最终抵达了家乡MardelPlata的港口，在COVID-19检测结果为阴性后，他得以拥抱90岁的父亲——这正好赶上了父亲节。A.hug拥抱；B.welcome欢迎；C.accept接受；D.protect爱护。结合后文“justintimeforFather’sDay”可知，在COVID-19检测结果为阴性后，他们两父子正好在父亲节这天拥抱。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最终抵达了家乡MardelPlata的港口，在COVID-19检测结果为阴性后，他得以拥抱90岁的父亲——这正好赶上了父亲节。A.result结果；B.effect影响；C.agenda日程表；D.standard标准。依据上文“COVID-19test”可知，此处指COVID-19检测结果。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ballestero证明白他对父亲的爱即使在这样困难的时候也是没有限制的。A.measurements测量；B.choices选择；C.questions问题；D.limits限制。结合文章内容可知，Ballestero克服了种种困难，最终见到了自己的父亲，他证明白对他父亲的爱是没有限制的。故选D。其次节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Therearemanybenefitsofsinginachoir(合唱团).Theyrangefromthesocialbenefitofhavingtheopportunity_____36_____(make)newfriendstothephysicalbenefitsoflearningtobreathe_____37_____(proper).Researchhasalsoshownthatyoungpeople_____38_____singinchoirsdobetterinstudiesandhaveatendency(趋势)tobehealthier.Butthefirstquestionyoushouldaskyourselfifyouareconsidering_____39_____(join)achoiris”CanIsingintune?”Itmightseemobvious,butunlessyoucan,thereislittlepointinseekingout_____40_____choirbecauseyou’llonlygetrejected.Everychoiryouapplytojoinisgoingtoaudition(面试)you.Don’tworryifyoucan’treadmusic;thatcanbetaughtlater.Ifyou_____41_____(accept),you’llfindchoirpracticestobehardwork,butgreatfun,becausethey’resocialeventsasmuchasmusictraining.Youwilllearntoreadmusicandhowtosing_____42_____confidence.Yourvoiceandtechniquewilldevelop,probablyquitequicklywithproperinstructions,andyoumayjustendupwondering_____43_____youdidn’tdothisyearsago.【答案】36.tomake37.properly38.who/that39.joining40.a41.areaccepted42.with43.why【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了参与合唱团的好处，不仅可以交友，而且还能学会正确呼吸，对自己的学业和身体都有益。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从有机会结交新挚友到学习正确呼吸都有好处。havetheopportunitytodo有机会做……，故填tomake。【37题详解】考查副词。句意同上。设空处修饰前面的动词breathe，需用副词形式，故填properly。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：探讨还表明，参与了合唱团的年轻人在学习上表现更好，也更加健康。分析可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为people，在从句中作主语，故填who或that。【39题详解】考查非谓语。句意：但假如你考虑加入合唱团，你应当问自己的第一个问题是：“我唱歌走调吗？”。句中表示考虑加入合唱队，considerdoing考虑做某事，故填joining。【40题详解】考查冠词。句意：这似乎是自不待言的，但除非你唱歌不走调，否则找合唱团没有什么意义，因为你只会被拒绝。choir为可数名词，发音以辅音音素开头，此处表示泛指，需用不定冠词a，故填a。【41题详解】考查被动语态。句意：假如你被他们接受了，你会发觉合唱团训练特别辛苦，但是很好玩，因为它们和音乐训练一样都是社交活动。分析句子可知，主语you和谓语动词accept(接受)之间是被动的关系，文章的基础时态为一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填areaccepted。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：你将学会识谱和怎样自信地唱歌。依据句意可知此处表示“自信地唱歌”，用withconfidence(自信地)作状语，故填with。【43题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：在适当的指导下，我们的发声和技巧将会提升得很快，你可能会想为什么几年前你没有这样做。分析句子可知，wonder后面的句子为宾语从句，从句中不缺主宾表，缺少缘由状语，故填why。44.Shewasreallyupsetand________(swear)thatshehadn’ttoldanyone.(所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】swore【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她很难受，发誓说她没有告知任何人。swear在句中作谓语，依据上文was可知应用一般过去时，swear的过去式为swore。故填swore。45.Ifyouharmtheenvironment,youshouldhavetopayforit________(repair).(所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】toberepaired【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：假如你破