2025届湖南省长沙市一中英语高三第一学期期末经典试题含解析

2025届湖南省长沙市一中英语高三第一学期期末经典试题考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．ThePalaceofVersailles,France’snationaltreasure,has________manychangesinitscentury-longhistorywhilekeepingitsbeauty.A．gonethroughB．takenonC．ledtoD．showedoff2．Healwayskeepsaneyeonshortcomingsofhisbrother’s_________refusingtoadmithisownmistakes.A．butB．whileC．althoughD．though3．---Didyouvisitthefamousculturalrelicslastmonth?---No,we____it,butwespenttoomuchtimeshopping．A．couldhavevisited B．musthavevisitedC．can'thavevisited D．shouldn'thavevisited4．—Theterribleaccidentisunderinvestigation.—Actually,quickeraction_________thoseworkerstrappedinthemine.A．mighthavesaved B．musthavesaved C．shouldhavesaved D．couldhavesaved5．Accordingtothelocallaw,noone______enterthebuildingsitewithoutpermission.A．canB．mustC．shallD．dare6．CouldIspeakto__________isinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?A．who B．whatC．whoever D．whatever7．—Catherine,willyouvisitusthisweekend?—Iplannedto,butsomethingunexpected.A．hascomeup B．wascomingupC．hadcomeup D．wouldcomeup8．I_________tohelpyoutodohomeworkbutIcouldn'tspareanytime.I________acompositionlastnightandI'llfinishittomorrow.A．wanted；wrote B．hadwanted；waswritingC．hadwanted；wrote D．wanted；havebeenwriting9．Ishookhandsand________greetingswiththemanager,whoIimpressedalot.A．conveyedB．swappedC．exchangedD．switched10．Ifithadnotbeenfortheheroes’contributionsandsacrifices,we_____suchahappylife.A．wouldn’thaveled B．wouldn’tbeleadingC．haven’tled D．arenotleading11．IfeelIamaswell-behavedandascarefulasmydeskmate,but_______Ialwaysfallbehind?A．howabout B．howcomeC．whatif D．whatfor12．Teachersinprimaryschools______influencethekidsfallundershouldberolemodels.A．whose B．whoC．where D．which13．________toherownwork，shespentlittletimewithherfamilyA．DevotingB．TobedevotedC．DevotedD．Havingdevoted14．Richardsaveduphismoney______hemightgoabroadforhissummerholiday.A．incaseB．nowthatC．asifD．sothat15．---Whereisyournewhomenow?---Inthenewdevelopedzone.ButI______downtownforfiveyears.A．lived B．hadlivedC．havelived D．wasliving16．Thegovernmenthasbeenundergrowingpressureto______thecausesofairpollutionassmogfrequentlysmothersthecountry’slargecities.A．release B．scheduleC．maintain D．address17．Thepopularityofgovernmentpostshasdroppedinrecentyears,thoughthecivilservicejobsarestillfavoredbytheChineseastheyoffera_______stablecareer.A．relatively B．regularlyC．roughly D．rigidly18．—Wouldyoumindmycomingoverandhavingalookatyourrehearse(排练)?Mylittleson’scuriousabouttheperformance.—_______.Justcomeround.A．Yes,Ido B．Nevermind C．Notatall D．Yes,please19．—Tony_______whatIdidannoyingthoughhedidn’tsayanything.—Soyouthinkyouwillhavetomakeanapology?A．couldfind B．shouldhavefoundC．mightfind D．musthavefound20．I’msorryyouhavebeenwaitingsolong,butitwillstillbesometime________youcangetyourpassport.A．since B．tillC．after D．before第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Atseventy-three,MarciaPollock’sfatherwasamanofgreatindependenceandpride.Thekidscalledhim“Poppy”,anamethateverybodyused.Poppylivedinhisoldneighborhoodandhehadapart-timejobatalocalpharmacy（药房）.AfterMarcia’smotherdied,PoppyfirmlyrefusedMarciaandJack’sinvitationtocomeandlivewiththem.Hewasstubbornaboutnotcrowdingtheirlittlehouse,aboutnotbecomingaburden.Infact,hewasalwayshelpful.Thekidslovedhimbecausehelistenedtothemandbecausehealwaysbroughtthemsomething.HealsobroughtspecialgiftstoMarciaandJack,neverarrivingempty-handed.Andsoitwaswithshockandbewilderment（迷惑）thatMarciawenttoseePoppyinthehospitalthatsummerafterhehadfallendowninthestreet.ThedoctorsaidthatPoppyhadbeenlivingoncoffeeanddoughnuts.Laterthatday,thepharmacisttoldMarcia,“Hehaspracticallynomoneyatall—justthegovernmentchequeandwhatlittlehemakeshere.YetImyselfsawhimspendmostofhislastchequeonyourlittleboy’sbicycle.”ShebecamesternwithPoppy.“You’refoolish,Poppy,”shesaid.“Ihavemypride,”Poppyanswered.“Falsepride,”shehurled（斥责）backathim.Duringautumn,Poppydidn’tcomearoundasoftenashehadinthepast,butwhenhedid,hewouldstillarrivewithlittlegiftsinhand.Then,justbeforetheholidays,PoppytoldMarciathathecouldn’tvisitthemonChristmasDaybecausehewouldwatchthestore,butMarciaknewtheshopwasnotopenonChristmas.ShefeltworriedandcalledPoppy,tellinghimthathewasoneofthemandthattheyalllovedhim.HalfanhourbeforetheturkeywentonthetableonChristmas,Poppycame.Thekidsrushedtohimandgavehimmorehugsandkissesthanhehadeverhadbefore.PoppyheldouthisarmstoMarcia,andhishandswereempty—yetneverhadtheybeenmorefilled.1、WhichisPoppy’sreasonfornotlivingwithhisdaughter?A．Hehadapart-timejob. B．Hewasstubbornsometimes.C．Helikedlivingindependently. D．Hedidn’twanttobecomeaburdentoher.2、WhywasMarciapuzzledafterhearingthedoctor’swords?A．Shedidn’tknowwhohadknockedPoppydown.B．ShethoughtPoppyhadenoughmoneyforliving.C．Shewonderedhowtotakecareofhimlater.D．Shethoughtthedoctordidn’tknowhislivingcondition.3、Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“stern”inparagraph5?A．patient B．angryC．respectful D．afraid.4、WhydoestheauthorsaythatPoppy’shandswerefilledatlast?A．Poppylearnedthathewasloved.B．Poppyhadbroughtenoughgiftsbefore.C．Poppystillheldhisindependenceandpride.D．PoppyhadfoundreasonsforMarcia’srudeness.22．（8分）NandakumarandSudhawerethrilledtolearnthattheywerehavingchildren.Unfortunately,Sudhadevelopeddiabeteswhilepregnantandherdaughterswereborntwomonthspremature.Theyneedventilator(呼吸机)supportforthenext4-6weekstobreathe.Thefamilyispooranddoesnothavethemoneytomeettheunexpectedexpensesandneedhelptokeepthebabiesalive.Nandakumar,acarpenterbyprofession,fellsickaftermarriageandhasnotrecoveredfully.Heisnotmentallystableandtendstotalkinastream.Healsofindsithardtoholddownajob.Nandakumar’smotherDheivanaihasbeenthestabilisingpresenceforthefamily.Shekeptthingstogetherandmadesurethattheyhadenoughtoeat.“Sudhahasbeenthroughalotofgriefovernothavingchildren.Thepreviouschildwasstillborn,sowewereveryhappythatthispregnancywasgoingwell,”saidDheivanai.Dheivanaihopedthatthechildrenwouldbringjoytotheirhouseholdandtakecareofhersonevenaftershewasgone.Shestartedsavingupmoneyforhergrandchildren.ThecostofkeepingthechildrenaliveisRs4lakhsperchildbecausetheyeachneedICU(IntensiveCareUnit)supportforthenext4-6monthsoftheirlives.Thesmallsavingsofthefamilyarealreadyoverandtheyarefacedwithaverypainfulsituationtryingtosavetwonewbornswithnomoney.NandakumarismentallyunwellandSudhaisstillrecoveringfromchildbirth.Soitfallstohismothertoarrangeforthebabies5well-being.“Aftermysonbecamesick,meandmydaughter-in-lawhavetakencareofthings.Duringherpregnancy.Ihavecaredforherlikeshe’smyowndaughter.IfeelpainedthatIdon’thavethemoneytosavethebabies,”shesays.Beforechildbirth,SudhaandDheivanaiworkedtogetherandearnedRs5,000permonth.Sometimes,Nandakumarpicksupoddjobsandearnsabitmore.Thefamilyhasnosavingsandtheyneedhelptosavetheirtwoinnocentbabies.1、Whatcaused“theunexpectedexpenses”（Paragraph1)?A．Nandakumar’smentalproblems.B．Thebabies1medicalcare.C．Dheivanai’sliving.D．Sudha’sdiabetes.2、WhydidDheivanaifeelhappyaboutthebirthofthechildren?A．Thechildrenwerebornhealthy.B．ItwasthefirsttimeforSudhatobepregnant.C．Thegovernmentwouldprovidewelfareservices.D．Thechildrenwouldlookaftertheirfatherinthefuture.3、Wheredoesthemoneyforthewell-beingofthebabiescomefromatpresent?A．Thefather.B．Themother.C．Thegrandmother.D．Thegovernment.4、Whatistheabovewritingmostprobablyfor?A．Raisingdonation.B．Sharingnews.C．Givinginstruction.D．Providingamusement.23．（8分）WelcometoSunBrightHotel,NewYorkIntroductionThishotelisperfectforstudenttravelersonalowbudgetortravelerslookingforaninexpensive,limitedservicehotel,andwantingtostayinNewYorkCity.Thesleepingroomsaresmallandquippedwitha13-inchTVwithcable.Guestswalkuponeflightofstairstoreachtheroomsandthelobby(大厅)onthesecondfloor.Nobathroomintherooms,andtheyarelocatedineachfloorandshared.Thereisnorestaurantinthehotel,buttherearemanyAsianrestaurantswithinatwo-minutewalkfromthehotel.Thehotel’slocationinChinatownprovidesitsguestswithworld-classeaterieswithinblocks.ItisalsoonlyblocksfromgreatItalianrestaurantsinLittleItaly,approximatelyafive-minutewalkfromthehotel.LocatedinManhattan’sChinatowndistrict,thehotelisawalkingdistancetomanyfamoussupermarketsonCanalStreet,LittleItaly,Tribeca,SoHoandtheFinancialDistrict.RoomandAccommodationConnectionforlaptopAirconditioningSatellitetelevisionDirectdialphoneAutomaticwake-upcallLocationandContactInformationAddress:140HesterStreetNewYorkNY10013UnitedStatesHotline:400-830-2353Email:hotels@Bookyourroomhere!1、Wecanlearnthatthehotelis.A．fashionableB．plainC．highD．grand2、Whatserviceisprovidedinthehotel?A．DeliciousbreakfastB．FreeWi-FiC．Automaticwake-upserviceD．Fitnessequipment3、Wecaninferthatitisveryconvenientforguestsinthehotelto.A．seeafilmB．attendaconcertC．visitazooD．goshopping24．（8分）WhychooseCambridgeEnglish?GiveyourstudentsthebestsupportAspartoftheUniversityofCambridge,wearecommittedtoexcellenceineverythingwedo.Weareknownallovertheworldforqualitymaterialsthatreallywork—fromtheever-popularEnglishGrammarinUsetobest-sellingcourseslikeTouchstoneandEnglishinMind.It’snowonderthattensofmillionsofteachersandlearnersaroundtheworldhavechosenCambridgetohelpthemachievetheirgoals.FocusonthelanguagetheyreallyneedWithCambridgeEnglish,youcanbesurethatthelanguageyou’reteachingisnatural,uptodateandusefulforyourstudents.WeusethelatestresearchtounderstandhowEnglishworksandtohelpstudentslearnmoreeffectively.PrepareforexamsuccessWearetheonlypublisherofofficialpreparationmaterialsforCambridgeEnglishexams.Ourwideselectionofcourses,practicetestsandmaterialsaredevelopedinclosecooperationwithCambridgeEnglishLanguageAssessment,thepeoplewhosettheexams.Soyoucanfullyprepareyourstudentsforexamsuccess.DevelopasateacherYourprofessionaldevelopmentisimportanttoustoo.Weprovideoutstandingteachersupportincludingteachertrainingseminarsandtheuniqueonlineprofessionaldevelopmentsite,CambridgeEnglishTeacher.Wearealsoincreasinglyworkingwithtopschoolsaroundtheworld,offeringourexperience,expertknowledgeandskilltohelpdevelopCambridgeEnglishschools.1、WhatisoneadvantageofCambridgeEnglish?A．Usefulmaterials.B．Experiencedteachers.C．Anauthenticlearningenvironment.D．Detailedresearchonlanguage.2、WhycanCambridgeEnglishhelpstudentsbecomeconfidentaboutCambridgeEnglishexams?A．Becausetheexamsarewrittenbyitsteachers.B．Becauseitworkstogetherwiththeexamauthority.C．Becauseitisguidedbylanguageassessmentexperts.D．Becauseitsmaterialsareprovidedbyofficialexaminers.3、Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A．Aguide.B．Areport.C．Anannouncement.D．Anadvertisement.25．（10分）Chinabecamethefirstcountrytocloneamonkeyusingnon-reproductivecells,reducingtheneedtobreedlabmonkeysandpavingthewayformoreaccurate,effectiveandaffordableanimaltestsfornewdrugs,scientistssaidonThursday.ByDecember,theInstituteofNeuroscienceoftheChineseAcademyofScienceshadcreatedtwoclonemacaques(猕猴)named”ZhongZhong”and“HuaHua”bynucleartransferringofsomaticcells(体细胞)-anycellintheorganismotherthanreproductivecells.Tetra,amonkeybornin1999,istheworld'sfirstclonedmonkey,butitwasdonebyusingasimplermethodcalledembryosplitting(胚胎分割);butitcouldonlygeneratefourclonedoffspringatatimeandcannotbegeneticallychangedtosuittheexperimentalneed.Cloningamonkeyusingsomaticcellshasbeenaworld-classchallengebecauseitisaprimate(灵长类)thatsharesitsgeneticmakeup,andthereforeallofitscomplexity,withhumans.Fordrugandotherlabtests,scientistshavetopurchasemonkeysfromallovertheworld,whichiscostlyandbadfortheenvironment,andproducesinaccurateresultsbecauseeachmonkeymighthavedifferentgenes.Bycloningmonkeyusingsomaticcells,wecanmassivelycultivatelargenumbersofgeneticallyidenticaloffspringinashortamountoftime,andwecanevenchangetheirgenestosuitourneeds.Thiscansavetime,cutdownexperimentcosts,andproducemoreaccurateresults,leadingtomoreeffectivemedicine.SunQiang,directorofthenon-humanprimateresearchfacilityattheinstitute,saidmostofthedrugtrialsarecurrentlydoneonlabmice.However,drugsthatworkonmicemightnotworkorevenhaveseveresideeffectsonhumansbecausethetwospeciesaresodifferent“Monkeysandhumansarebothprimates,sotheyaremuchcloselyrelatedandtestingonmonkeysissupposedtobeaseffectiveastestingonhumans,”hesaid.Thisisespeciallyusefulintestingdrugsforneural(神经的)diseasessuchasParkinson’sdisease,metabolicsyndrome(代谢综合症)andimmunesystemdiseases,andtumors,headded.“ThisachievementwillhelpChinaleadtheworldresearchintheinternationalscienceprojectsrelatedtoneuralmappingofprimatebrains,"hesaid."However,biolabsfromtheUnitedStates,Japan,andEuropeancountriesarealsoverycapable,andtheywillquicklycatchupwithChinaafterthemonkeycloningtechnologyismadepublic,"Sunadded.“Thismeanswehavetoinnovatecontinuouslyandworkextrahardthisyeartostayahead,"hesaid.1、Whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantfactorincloningmacaquesnamed"ZhongZhong"and"HuaHua"?A．Reproductivecells.B．SomaticcellsC．Neuralmapping.D．Geneticmakeup2、Whyiscloningmonkeyssodifficult?A．Becauseitisbadforourenvironment.B．Becauseeachmonkeymighthavedifferentgenes.C．Becausemonkeys'geneticmakeupisascomplicatedashumans.D．Becauseitistooexpensivetoworkontheirgeneticmakeup.3、WhatisthemainideaofParagraph8?A．Thecureforneuraldiseases.B．Theprocessofcloningmonkeys.C．Thesignificanceofcloningmonkeys.D．Thecloserelationsbetweenmonkeysandhumans.4、Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A．Moreeffectivemedicinewillbeproduced.B．Drugtrialsonlabmicewillbeabandoned.C．Chinaisthefirstcountrytohaveclonedmonkeys.D．Chinawillstayaheadoftheworldincloning.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）AU.Smanfound300letterstoGodfloatingintheAtlanticOceanlastweek.HesaidonFridayhewould1themtoachurchinsteadofsellingthemoneBayfollowingprotestsfromreligiouspeople.Theletters,senttoalateBaptistclergyman(牧师),were2putinasealedplasticshoppingbagneara3inAtlantic,NewJersey.BillLacovara,aninsuranceadjusterfromVentnor,Theletterswere4totheclergyman,whodiedin2004.Someonecleaninghishousemayhave5thebag,whichLacovarafoundabout100miles(160km)fromCooper’shouse.TheyincludeonefromateenagegirlaskingGodto6herforherwrongdoing,onefromaprisonerwhosaidhewas7andsomeonehadsetatrapforhim,and8fromamanwhowantedGod’shelpwinningthelottery,accordingtomediareports.Lavovarasaidhecouldhave9themoneBayforupto$15,000(7,889pounds)accordingtohispredictionofthecompetepriceandwouldhavegiventhemoneytocharity.Buthehaschangedhismindbecausehesaidthemovecaused10tosomereligiouspeople.“Theysaidtheywere11inme,andIdidn’twanttodosomethingthat’sgoingtocreate12results.”hetoldReuters.Some13himtoburntheletters,throwthembackintheoceanorgivethemtoachurch,Lacovarasaid.Lacovarasaidaboutadozenclergymenhaveofferedtotaketheletters,andheisevaluatingthe14tomakesurethelettersdon’tfallintothe15hands.1. A．donate B．show C．sell D．owe2. A．hurriedly B．privately C．mysteriously D．occasionally3. A．river B．lake C．hill D．beach4. A．taken B．offered C．addressed D．given5. A．collected B．thrown C．opened D．destroyed6. A．forgive B．punish C．adjust D．charge7. A．friendly B．correct C．innocent D．energetic8. A．others B．another C．theother D．one9. A．auctioned B．bought C．donated D．discounted10. A．damage B．offence C．injury D．worry11. A．absorbed B．involved C．interested D．disappointed12. A．final B．direct C．same D．bad13. A．forced B．urged C．questioned D．pleased14. A．requests B．orders C．commands D．invitations15. A．wrong B．poor C．tight D．firm第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Will1．matterifyoudon'ttakeyourbreakfast?Recentlyatest2．(give)intheUnitedSates.Thosetestedincludedpeopleofdifferent3．from2to83.Duringtheexperiment,thesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfasts,andsometimestheygot4．breakfastatall.Specialtestsweresetuptosee5．welltheirbodiesworkedandwhentheyhadeaten6．certainkindofbreakfast.Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsaproperbreakfast,heorshewillworkwithbettereffect7．ifheorshehasnobreakfast.Thisfactappearstobe8．(especial)trueifapersonworks9．hisbrains.Forexample,ifastudenteatsfruit,eggs,breadandmilkbeforegoingtoschool,hewilllearnmorequicklyandlistenwith10．(much)attentioninclass.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改、增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线（\)划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。、WhenIwasinthe6thgrade,myparentsboughtmeacellphone、Iwasreallyexcitingtoreceivethephone、Thenextweekend,myfamilywentoncampingintheEastLakePark、Weenjoyboatingonthelake、Iusedournewphonetoplaysomeofmyfavoritesong、Ithoughtitwouldbebrilliantideatoputmyphoneinaplasticbagtoprotectingitfromwater、Aftergettingback,Itookthephonein,onlytofindthebagfullofwater、Ididn’tknowwhattosavemyphoneandItriedlayingitouttodry、Unfortunately,itstartedtorain、Whatanawfullyexperience!第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）假设你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，你校将举办一次辩论赛。请你以学生会的名义用英语写一份书面通知。要点如下：报名须知截止日期11月11日，填写表格，提供照片时间和地点11月16日上午8