河南省许昌市魏都区2023-2024学年高一上学期开学英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省许昌市魏都区2023-2024学年高一上学期开学英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AScienceBooksforKidsofAllAgesTohelpyouchoosetheperfecteducationalbooksforyourchild,we’vecreatedthishandpickedlistofthebestsciencebooksforkids.Thetitlesfeaturedheresparkcuriosity,encourageleaning,andarelotsoffun,too.AboutTime:AFirstLookatTimeandClocksAuthor:BruceKoscielniak;Price:US$8.55Longagopeopleusedthesun,themoon,andthewatertotelltime.Soonafterwebeganusingourknowledgeaboutthenaturalworldtobuildclocksandtocreatecalendarsmadeupofmonthsandyears.Centurieslater,wehaveclocksandcalendarsallaroundus.Thisbooktellstheamazingstoryofhowitallhappened!Animalium:WelcometotheMuseumAuthor:KatieScott;Price:US$8.99Thisbookopensthedoorsofthenaturalhistorymuseumforyourchildallyearround!Itfeatures200full-colorspecimensaccompaniedbylively,informativetextandmore.Discovertheanimalkingdomingloriousdetailwithuniqueillustrationsthatcombinescienceandart.Bang!:HowWeCametoBeAuthor:MichaelRubino;Price:US$16.00“Bang!Andthatwasit,thebeginningofeverything.”Sobeginsthisbeautifullyillustratedstoryofevolution.Thisbookconveysnotonlythefactsbutalsotheexcitementofthescientificexplanationofourworld,fromtheoriginoftheuniversetothepresentrealityofourplanet.BedtimeMath:TheTruthComesOutAuthor:LauraOverdeck;Price:US$10.99Thisbookmakeslearningaboutmathasfunasdessertafterdinner!Itcombinesmathandcoolfactsforonefunandwildadventure.Nowkidscandiscoverthesciencebehindalltheirfavoritethings:marshmallows,soda,icecream,andmore.Withover100mathproblemsonavarietyoftopics,kidswillfindmathisn’tjustfun—itcanbefoundeverywhere!1.WhatcankidslearninthebookAboutTime?A.Thetoughlifeofancestors. B.Theoriginofthesunandthemoon.C.Theoldwaystomeasuretime. D.Thewildlifeinthenaturalworld.2.WhatdoAnimaliumandBanghaveincommon?A.Theyarechildren’snovels. B.Theyarepopularforcheapprice.C.Theyarecollectedinthemuseum. D.Theyareillustratedstoriesforkids.3.Whichbookcanmakenumbersfunandeasy?A.Bang. B.BedtimeMath. C.Animalium. D.AboutTime.〖答案〗1.C2.D3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍儿童喜欢的科学图书。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据AboutTime:AFirstLookatTimeandClocks的“Longagopeopleusedthesun,themoon,andthewatertotelltime.”（很久以前，人们用太阳、月亮和水来报时）可知，孩子们可以在《关于时间》这本书中了解过去计算时间的方法。故选C项。【2题详析】推理判断题。根据Animalium:WelcometotheMuseum中“Discovertheanimalkingdomingloriousdetailwithuniqueillustrations”（用独特的插图探索动物王国的辉煌细节）和Bang!:HowWeCametoBe中“Sobeginsthisbeautifullyillustratedstoryofevolution”（于是，这个插图精美的进化故事开始了）可知，这两本书中都有插图用来描述故事。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“BedtimeMath:TheTruthComesOut中Withover100mathproblemsonavarietyoftopics,kidswillfindmathisn’tjustfun―itcanbefoundeverywhere”（有100多道关于各种主题的数学题，孩子们会发现数学不仅仅是有趣的——它无处不在）可知，BedtieMath可以使数字学习简单有趣。故选B项。B3MandDiscoveryEducationannouncedSeanJiangfromGilmanSchoolasoneofthetoptenfinalistsfromacrossthenationforthe20233MYoungScientistChallenge.It’sacompetitionthatencouragesstudentstoidentifyaneverydayproblemandsubmitavideoshowingthesciencebehindthesolutionheorshecameupwith.14-year-oldJiangdecidedtohelpthosewhocan’tsee.Blindpeoplehadahardtimenavigating(导航)objectsthataremediumtofarrange.SoJiangwantedtodesignsomethingtogivethemaheads-uponobstacles(障碍)thatmaybeincoming.Jiang’sinspirationcamefromthepowersofthehearingsystem.“Ilearnedinschoolthatbatsandwhalesareabletouseecholocation(回声定位)tohelpthemnavigateandjustusetheirsenseofhearingandIalsosawonYouTubesomeveryskilledblindpeoplethatuseecholocationtohelpthemwalk,”saidJiang.Jiangstartedwithavirtualrealitysettingandthenmadeitareality.Hiscreationusesadepthcamerathatcandetecthowcloseobjectsare,thusgivingenoughtimetododgetheobstacles.Whenablindiswalkingwiththedevice,thesensorofthedepthcameragatherstheinformationregardingtheobstacles’positionanddistance.ThentheAIsysteminitwillturnthedistancedataintomusicalsoundguidance.Thiscouldsignificantlyincreasethewalkingspeedofablindpersonaswellasdecreasethenumberofobstaclestheyhit.Someothersimilarprogramswerealrightatfindingobjectsthatwereincloserange,butJiangstillwantedtheblindtoexperiencetheworldevenfullersotheywereabletoseestuffthatwasmuchfurtherawaythantheircircleofreach.InOctober,thetoptenfinalistswillcompeteinpersoninMinneapolisforthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”anda$25,000prize.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJiangfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasthechampionofthe20233Mevent.B.Heinventedtechnologytoremoveroadobstacles.C.Hesoughttoassisttheblindinwalkingsmoothly.D.Hedevelopedanewnavigationappforhisschool.5.WhydidJiangmention“echolocation”?A.Toshowthedevelopmentoftechnology.B.Topresentthedifficultiestheblindface.C.Tostressthesignificanceofhearing.D.Toexplaintheinspirationofhisinvention.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dodge”meaninparagraph4?A.Avoid.B.Encounter.C.Challenge.D.Remove.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.3Mfacilitiesintendedfortheblind.B.Ateenusingsoundtohelptheblind.C.Aninventiontocurevisionproblems.D.Acompetitiontoimprovetheblind’slife.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.A7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一个青少年SeanJiang的发明创造，他发明的设备能用声音帮助盲人顺利行走。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“14-year-oldJiangdecidedtohelpthosewhocan’tsee.Blindpeoplehadahardtimenavigating(导航)objectsthataremediumtofarrange.SoJiangwantedtodesignsomethingtogivethemaheads-uponobstacles(障碍)thatmaybeincoming.(14岁的Jiang决定帮助那些看不见的人。盲人很难在中远距离的物体上导航。因此，Jiang想设计一些东西，让他们对可能到来的障碍有所预警。)”可知，Jiang设法帮助盲人顺利行走。故选C项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Jiang’sinspirationcamefromthepowersofthehearingsystem.(Jiang的灵感来自于听觉系统的力量。)”以及Jiang所说“Ilearnedinschoolthatbatsandwhalesareabletouseecholocation(回声定位)tohelpthemnavigateandjustusetheirsenseofhearingandIalsosawonYouTubesomeveryskilledblindpeoplethatuseecholocationtohelpthemwalk.(我在学校里学过蝙蝠和鲸鱼能够利用回声定位来帮助它们导航，而且我还在YouTube上看到一些非常熟练的盲人利用回声定位来帮助他们走路。)”可知，Jiang提到“回声定位”是为了解释他的发明灵感。故选D项。【6题详析】词句猜测题。划线词句后文“Whenablindiswalkingwiththedevice,thesensorofthedepthcameragatherstheinformationregardingtheobstacles’positionanddistance.ThentheAIsysteminitwillturnthedistancedataintomusicalsoundguidance.Thiscouldsignificantlyincreasethewalkingspeedofablindpersonaswellasdecreasethenumberofobstaclestheyhit.(当盲人使用该设备行走时，深度相机的传感器会收集有关障碍物位置和距离的信息。然后其中的人工智能系统将把距离数据转化为音乐声音引导。这可以显著提高盲人的行走速度，并减少他们撞到的障碍物数量。)”说明该设备能够帮助盲人避开障碍物，从而推知划线词句“Hiscreationusesadepthcamerathatcandetecthowcloseobjectsare,thusgivingenoughtimetododgetheobstacles.(他的发明使用了一个深度相机，可以探测到物体有多近，从而有足够的时间dodge障碍物。)”故划线词汇意思是“避开”。故选A项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段中“14-year-oldJiangdecidedtohelpthosewhocan’tsee.(14岁的Jiang决定帮助那些看不见的人。)”以及第三段中“Jiang’sinspirationcamefromthepowersofthehearingsystem.(Jiang的灵感来自于听觉系统的力量。)”等内容可知，本文主要介绍了一个青少年SeanJiang的发明创造，他发明的设备能用声音帮助盲人顺利行走。故选B项。CWhendeliveringmedicationstopatients,oneofthemosteffectivemethodsisdirectinjection(注射)intothebloodstreamusinganeedle.Butthiscanbeanuncomfortableexperience,especiallyforkidsoradultswithafearofneedles.Whilepatientsdohavetheoptiontotakeoralpillsinstead,drugscontaininglargemolecules(分子)arenotabsorbedeffectivelythisway.Now,inspiredbyoctopussuckers(章鱼吸盘),researchersfromChinaandSwitzerlandhavedesignedaneedle-freealternative:atiny,drug-filled,cup-likepatch(贴片)thatstickstotheinsideofthecheeks.Thedeviceiseasilyaccessible,anditcanberemovedatanytimeandthedruggetsabsorbedthroughtheliningoftheinnercheek,theteamreportsinapaperinScienceTranslationalMedicine.Totestthedesign,theteam3Dprintedthesuckers.Theyloadedeachwiththedrugandstucktheminsidethecheeksofthreebeagles,akindofdogwhichhasasimilarinnercheekliningtohumans.Forcomparison,theyalsodeliveredthedrugtobeaglesviaapill.Afterthreehours,theteamfoundthatdrugbloodconcentrationsindogswiththepatchweremorethan150timeshigherthaninthedogsthattookatablet.Theyalsofoundpatchesworkedeffectivelyfordrugswithlargemolecules.40healthyhumanvolunteersself-appliedwater-filledpatchestoseehowwelltheywouldstayonwhiletalkingandmovingtheirmouths.After30minutes,onlyfiveofthe40patcheshadfallenoff,whichwasbecauseofimproperplacement.Mostvolunteerssaidtheywouldpreferapatchoverinjectionsfordailyapplications.Still,theteamonlytestedthepatchforashorttimesotheywouldneedtofindoutwhatwouldhappenifitwasusedrepeatedly.They’dalsoneedtodeterminewhichdrugswouldworkwiththetechnology:thetargetislargemolecules,suchasthoseusedtotreatobesityorosteoporosis,buttheycan’tbetoolargetofitinthecup.8.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthepatch?A.Tohelppatientsovercomethefearofneedles.B.Toenablekidstoswallowtabletssmoothly.C.Toofferabetterwayofdrugdelivery.D.Toguaranteetheefficiencyoforalpills.9.Whatdoestheresearchondogsprove?A.Itistechnologicallypossibleto3Dprintthepatches.B.Thecheekliningofdogsissimilartothatofhumans.C.Patchesfalleasilywiththeirmouthmovement.D.Drugsareabsorbedbetterthroughpatchesthanpills.10.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethedevice?A.Innovativeandprofitable.B.Effectiveanduser-friendly.C.Affordableandaccessible.D.Flexibleandlong-lasting.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphstress?A.Therelatedissuestobesolved.B.Theriskofusingpatchesrepeatedly.C.Thewaytoidentitylargemolecules.D.Thetroubleofimprovingthetechnology.〖答案〗8.C9.D10.B11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国和瑞士研究人员设计了一种用来输送药物的杯状贴片装置。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“ Whilepatientsdohavetheoptiontotakeoralpillsinstead,drugscontaininglargemolecules(分子)arenotabsorbedeffectivelythisway.(虽然患者可以选择服用口服药片，但这种含有大分子的药物不能有效吸收。)”和第二段中“Thedeviceiseasilyaccessible,anditcanberemovedatanytimeandthedruggetsabsorbedthroughtheliningoftheinnercheek,theteamreportsinapaperinScienceTranslationalMedicine.(研究小组在《科学转化医学》杂志上发表的一篇论文中报告说，这种装置很容易获得，可以随时取下，药物通过脸颊内侧的内壁被吸收。)”可知，研究人员研发这种贴片是为了提供一种更好的药物输送方式。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Afterthreehours,theteamfoundthatdrugbloodconcentrationsindogswiththepatchweremorethan150timeshigherthaninthedogsthattookatablet.(三小时后，研究小组发现，贴着贴片的狗血液中的药物浓度比服用药片的狗高出150多倍。)”可知，对狗的研究证明，贴片比药片更能吸收药物。故选D项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thedeviceiseasilyaccessible,anditcanberemovedatanytimeandthedruggetsabsorbedthroughtheliningoftheinnercheek,theteamreportsinapaperinScienceTranslationalMedicine.(研究小组在《科学转化医学》杂志上发表的一篇论文中报告说，这种装置很容易获得，可以随时取下，药物通过脸颊内侧的内壁被吸收。)”和第三段中“Theyalsofoundpatchesworkedeffectivelyfordrugswithlargemolecules.(他们还发现贴片对大分子药物有效。)”以及第四段中“Mostvolunteerssaidtheywouldpreferapatchoverinjectionsfordailyapplications.(大多数志愿者表示，他们更喜欢贴片，而不是每天注射。)”可知，该设备的特点是有效和对用户友好。故选B项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Still,theteamonlytestedthepatchforashorttimesotheywouldneedtofindoutwhatwouldhappenifitwasusedrepeatedly.(不过，该团队只测试了很短的时间，所以他们需要弄清楚如果反复使用会发生什么。)”和“They’dalsoneedtodeterminewhichdrugswouldworkwiththetechnology:thetargetislargemolecules,suchasthoseusedtotreatobesityorosteoporosis,buttheycan’tbetoolargetofitinthecup.(他们还需要确定哪些药物可以与该技术一起工作：目标是大分子，例如用于治疗肥胖或骨质疏松症的药物，但它们不能太大而无法装入杯子（杯状贴片）。)”可知，最后一段强调了这一技术还需要解决的相关问题。故选A项。DYouseeashoppertripoverinabusystreet.Someoneelsecanhelp.That’swhatyoutellyourself.Thisisthebystandereffectinaction—thedilution(淡化)ofresponsibilityinthepresenceofothers—andithasbeendemonstratedinmanypaststudies.Butlifeiscomplicatedandpsychologistshaveseenexceptionalcircumstances.TwoexperimentswereconductedbyMarcovanBommelandhisteamusinganonlinechatroomforpeoplewithextremeemotionalproblems.Eighty-sixstudentswereloggedintotheforum(论坛)andshownfivemessagesfromtroubledusers.Theyweretoldtowriteareplyiftheywanted,butitwasentirelyuptothem.Basically,participantscouldseetheirnamesonthescreenalongsideothers’names.Acounteralsotoldthemiftheforumwasquiet,withjustoneotherpersonloggedin,orbusy,with30othersonline.ThisarrangementreproducedtheclassicBystanderEffect-participantswerelesslikelytopostreplieswithmorepeopleloggedin.However,whentheresearcherscued(〖提示〗)self-awarenessbyhighlightingparticipants’namesinredonthescreen,theypostedmorerepliesonabusyforum.Asecondstudywasbuiltonthesefindings,butthistimeself-awarenesswasraisedbythepresence,ornot,ofacomputerweb-camera.Over100participantstookpart.Althoughtoldthecamerawouldn’tbeuseduntillater,thosewithcameraswereaskedtocheckthecamera’sindicator-lightduringthestudy.TheBystanderEffectwasreproducedwhenweb-cameraswereabsent-onbusyforumsparticipantspostedfewerrepliestoneedyusers.Bycontrast,thosecuedtobeself-awarebytheweb-camactuallywrotemorereplies.Nearlyanyonlinecommunitycanbenefitfromtheresearch.Theabilitytoturnhesitantbystandersintoeagerhelpersisarecipeforengagementandcollectivebenefit.Asintheresearch,simpledesigncuescouldbeintegratedtohelponlineusersremembertheyarevisibletothecommunity.Forexample,thesizeofprofileimagesandspecificon-sitereminderscanbeusedtohighlighthowusersseethemselveswithinthecommunity.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph1referto?A.Thehiddendangerofabusystreet.B.Thebystandereffectinaction.C.Thedilutionofresponsibility.D.Thepresenceofotherpeople.13.Inthefirststudy,theparticipantspostedmorerepliestothetroubledwhenA.thereweremoreemotionalproblemsB.thecounterindicatedtheforumwasquietC.theirpresencewasremindedonthescreenD.moreindividualswereloggedintheforum14.Whyistheweb-camerausedinthesecondstudy?A.Toencouragemorereplies.B.Toreproducethebystandereffect.C.Tofurthertestparticipants’mindset.D.Tobetterrecordparticipants’actions.15.Whatstrategycanonlinecommunitieslearnfromtheresearch?A.Workingtogethertoattractmoreusers.B.Combiningdesignstoboostusers’memory.C.Buildingmoreplatformsforpublicpromotion.D.Exploringwaystochangebystandersintoupstanders.〖答案〗12.B13.C14.C15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对旁观者效应的研究，该研究能使在线社区受益，把旁观者变成挺身而出者。【12题详析】词句猜测题。划线词前文“Thisisthebystandereffectinaction—thedilution(淡化)ofresponsibilityinthepresenceofothers(这就是行动中的旁观者效应——在他人在场的情况下责任被稀释)”谈论并解释了行动中的旁观者效应，从而推知划线词句“andithasbeendemonstratedinmanypaststudies(it在过去的许多研究中都得到证明)”中划线的“it”指的是“行动中的旁观者效应”。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“However,whentheresearcherscued(〖提示〗)self-awarenessbyhighlightingparticipants’namesinredonthescreen,theypostedmorerepliesonabusyforum.(然而，当研究人员通过在屏幕上用红色标出参与者的名字来〖提示〗自我意识时，他们在一个繁忙的论坛上发表了更多的回复)”可知，在第一项研究中，当参与者的存在在屏幕上被提醒时，参与者会对问题用户发布更多回复。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Asecondstudywasbuiltonthesefindings,butthistimeself-awarenesswasraisedbythepresence,ornot,ofacomputerweb-camera.(第二项研究建立在这些发现的基础上，但这一次，自我意识是由电脑网络摄像头的存在或不存在引起的)”和“TheBystanderEffectwasreproducedwhenweb-cameraswereabsent-onbusyforumsparticipantspostedfewerrepliestoneedyusers.Bycontrast,thosecuedtobeself-awarebytheweb-camactuallywrotemorereplies.(当没有网络摄像头时，旁观者效应也会重现——在繁忙的论坛上，参与者对需要帮助的用户的回复更少。相比之下，那些被网络摄像头〖提示〗有自我意识的人实际上写了更多的回复)”可推知，在第二个研究中使用网络摄像头是为了进一步测试参与者的心态。故选C项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Nearlyanyonlinecommunitycanbenefitfromtheresearch.Theabilitytoturnhesitantbystandersintoeagerhelpersisarecipeforengagementandcollectivebenefit.(几乎所有的在线社区都能从这项研究中受益。把犹豫不决的旁观者变成热心的帮助者的能力，是促成参与和集体利益的秘诀)”可推知，在线社区可以从研究中学到把旁观者变成挺身而出者的方法。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Forthepasttwomonths,MandyChen,asecond-yearstudentatBeijingUniversityofTechnology,hasbeenpostingphotosofherselftoTaobao,posingwithareusablecup,climbingstairsandswitchingofflights.____16____Taobao’sAlalgorithm(算法)calculatesthatChen’suseofareusablecupreduced15.7gramsofcarbonemissions(排放),whileherchoicetotakethestairsinsteadoftheliftresultedinareductionof19.5grams.____17____Aftersevendaysofpostingherphotos,ChenexchangedthepointsforadozenofbiodegradablerubbishbagsfromTaobao.Everyonecangetanendlesssupplyoffreetrashbagsiftheykeepgoing,accordingtoChen.____18____ChenusesCarbon88,aplatformlaunchedlastAugustbyAlibabaGroupHolding,tohelpthemorethan800millionusersonTaobaoadoptasustainablelifestyle.Theplatformrewardsusersforover70low-carbonbehaviours.____19____Italsorecommendsproductsthatitconsidersenvironmentallysustainable,andgivesuserspointsforbuyingthem.____20____“Ididn’tknowthatmyactionscouldproducesuchcarbonreduction,”Chensaid,“NowIfeelgoodforwhatI’mdoingtomakethisworldatinybitbetter.Weasapartofsocietycancallformoresystemicchanges.”A.Itencouragesthemtoreducetheircarbonfootprint.B.Andhereffortstosaveelectricityprevented65.50grams.C.It’savaluableadditiontocurrentcarbon-reductionpolicies.D.CarbonreductionhashelpedincreaseChen’senvironmentalawareness.E.Withinminutes,shereceivesadozenpointsfromtheappasareward.F.Theyrangefromtakingpublictransporttoshoppingofsecond-handitems.G.Sheisnowsavingpointsforsomethingbetter,likesnacksandwaterbottles.〖答案〗16.E17.B18.G19.F20.D【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了北京工业大学二年级学生MandyChen在淘宝的奖励机制中进行环保行为，并提高了环保意识。【16题详析】上文“Forthepasttwomonths,MandyChen,asecond-yearstudentatBeijingUniversityofTechnology,hasbeenpostingphotosofherselftoTaobao,posingwithareusablecup,climbingstairsandswitchingofflights.(在过去的两个月里，北京工业大学二年级学生MandyChen一直在淘宝上晒自己的照片，摆出拿着可重复使用的杯子、爬楼梯和关灯的姿势。)”说明MandyChen在淘宝上晒自己所做的有利于环境的照片，选项E“几分钟内，她就会从应用中获得12分作为奖励。”和上文存在因果关系，因为她为环境做出的努力，得到淘宝的奖励。故选E项。【17题详析】上文“Taobao’sAlalgorithm(算法)calculatesthatChen’suseofareusablecupreduced15.7gramsofcarbonemissions(排放),whileherchoicetotakethestairsinsteadoftheliftresultedinareductionof19.5grams.(淘宝的人工智能算法计算出，Chen使用可重复使用的杯子减少了15.7克的碳排放量，而她选择走楼梯而不是乘电梯减少了19.5克的碳排放量。)”介绍Chen的各种环保行为减少的具体碳排放量，选项B“她为节省电力所做的努力减少了65.50克。”承接上文，继续介绍Chen的节省电力环保行为减少的碳排放量。故选B项。【18题详析】上文“Aftersevendaysofpostingherphotos,ChenexchangedthepointsforadozenofbiodegradablerubbishbagsfromTaobao.Everyonecangetanendlesssupplyoffreetrashbagsiftheykeepgoing,accordingtoChen.(在晒出她的照片7天后，Chen用这些积分从淘宝上换了12个可生物降解的垃圾袋。根据Chen的说法，如果每个人都坚持下去，就可以得到源源不断的免费垃圾袋。)”说明Chen已经用积分换了垃圾袋，选项G“她现在正在攒积分换取更好的东西，比如零食和水瓶。”承接上文，介绍她现在正在准备攒积分换更好的东西。故选G项。【19题详析】上文“Theplatformrewardsusersforover70low-carbonbehaviours.(该平台奖励用户70多种低碳行为。)”谈到平台奖励用户70多种低碳行为，选项F“它们包括从乘坐公共交通工具到购买二手物品。”承接上文，说明这70多种低碳行为包括哪些内容。选项中They指上文中over70low-carbonbehaviours，语义一致，故选F项。【20题详析】下文“‘Ididn’tknowthatmyactionscouldproducesuchcarbonreduction,’Chensaid,‘NowIfeelgoodforwhatI’mdoingtomakethisworldatinybitbetter.Weasapartofsocietycancallformoresystemicchanges.’(‘我不知道我的行动能产生如此多的碳减排，’Chen说，‘现在我为自己所做的让这个世界变得更好而感到高兴。作为社会的一部分，我们可以呼吁更多的系统性变革。’)”说明碳减排行动提高了Chen的环保意识，Chen在为保护环境呼吁更多的变革，选项D“减少碳排放帮助Chen提高了环保意识。”引领下文，概括了本段主题，说明碳减排行动提高了Chen的环保意识。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题：每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。HarryBurleighheadedintothewoodsforacampingtripwithhisfishingequipment.Afewdayslater,hiswifeStacygrew____21____whenhedidn’tcomehomeasplanned.Stacycalledthe____22____toreportherhusband’smissing.Searchandrescueteams____23____begantheirworkandwentonfordays,buttherewasno____24____ofHarryanywhere.Everyonewasworried—thetemperatureswerequitelowsomenights,andithadevensnowed.OnMay15,therescuersfinallycaughtabreakwhenthey____25____ashelterandhisfishingequipment.They____26____supportfromover16rescueorganizations,andtheyexploredeverypossible____27____butwithnoluck.Therefore,therescuers____28____himalighterandanotetellinghimtomakea____29____andtheywouldbeback.Twodayslater,ateamfoundanother_____30_____,butthistime,Harrywasnearbyandheardhisnamecalled!Itturnedouthewas_____31_____alongthepathwithminorpain._____32_____,thecrewradioedforahelicoptertotakehimtothehospitalforacompleteevaluationafterspending17longdaysout.“Thiswasthe_____33_____weallhavebeenlookingforinthiscase,”arescuersaid.“Itisour_____34_____searchandrescueteamsandthepartnershipswehavewithotherteamsthathelped_____35_____Mr.Burleighandhisfamily.”21.A.excited B.concerned C.annoyed D.puzzled22.A.authorities B.hospital C.agencies D.family23.A.hesitantly B.instantly C.secretly D.suddenly24.A.news B.hope C.sign D.wonder25.A.spotted B.offered C.sought D.constructed26.A.turneddown B.dependedon C.calledin D.cutoff27.A.equipment B.break C.food D.path28.A.bought B.left C.presented D.fetched29.A.fire B.bed C.video D.face30.A.river B.chance C.team D.shelter31.A.hunting B.exploring C.walking D.marching32.A.Amused B.Awkward C.Upset D.Relieved33.A.cause B.outcome C.award D.evaluation34.A.determined B.tolerant C.disciplined D.flexible35.A.affect B.instruct C.encourage D.reunite〖答案〗21.B22.A23.B24.C25.A26.C27.D28.B29.A30.D31.C32.D33.B34.A35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了HarryBurleigh去露营失踪了，妻子向当局报告，救援队经过不懈搜救终于找到Harry，帮助他和家人团聚的故事。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几天后，他的妻子Stacy开始担心他因为他没有按计划回家。A.excited兴奋的；B.concerned担心的；C.annoyed烦恼的；D.puzzled困惑的。根据前文“HarryBurleighheadedintothewoodsforacampingtripwithhisfishingequipment.”和后文“whenhedidn’tcomehomeasplanned”可知，HarryBurleigh去露营但是没有按计划回家，这令妻子很担心。故选B项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Stacy打电话给当局报告她丈夫失踪了。A.authorities当局；B.hospital医院；C.agencies代理机构；D.family家庭。根据语境和后文“toreportherhusband’smissing”可知，Stacy打电话给当局报告她丈夫失踪了。故选A项。【23题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：搜救队立即开始了他们的工作，持续了几天，但到处都没有Harry的踪影。A.hesitantly迟疑地；B.instantly立即；C.secretly秘密地；D.suddenly突然。根据前文“toreportherhusband’smissing”和后文“begantheirwork”可知，得知Harry失踪了，搜救队立即开始搜救工作。故选B项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.news新闻；B.hope希望；C.sign踪迹；D.wonder奇迹。根据前文“Searchandrescueteams________begantheirworkandwentonfordays,buttherewasno”可知，搜救队开始搜救工作，但是没有发现Harry的踪迹。故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：5月15日，救援人员终于找到了突破口，他们发现了一个庇护所和他的捕鱼设备。A.spotted发现；B.offered提供；C.sought寻求；D.constructed建造。根据前文“therescuersfinallycaughtabreak”和后文“ashelterandhisfishingequipment”可知，救援人员发现了一个庇护所和Harry的捕鱼设备。故选A项。【26题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们顺道向超过16个救援组织寻求帮助，他们探索了每一条可能的道路，但运气不好。A.turneddown拒绝；B.dependedon依靠；C.calledin顺道走访；D.cutoff切断。根据后文“supportfromover16rescueorganizations”可知，搜救队顺道向超过16个救援组织寻求帮助。故选C项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.equipment设备；B.break休息；C.food食物；D.path道路。根据语境和前文“theyexploredeverypossible”可知，因为是在寻找失踪的人，搜救队搜索了每一条可能的道路。故选D项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，救援人员给他留下了一个打火机和一张纸条，告诉他生火，他们会回来的。A.bought买；B.left留下；C.presented呈现；D.fetched取来。根据后文“himalighterandanotetellinghimtomakea________andtheywouldbeback”可知，救援人员给Harry留下一个打火机和一张纸条。故选B项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.fire火；B.bed床；C.video视频；D.face脸。根据前文“therescuers________himalighterandanotetellinghimtomakea”可知，救援人员给Harry留下了一个打火机为了让他生火。故选A项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：两天后，一支队伍找到了另一个庇护所，但这一次，Harry就在附近，听到有人叫他的名字！A.river河；B.chance机会；C.team队伍；D.shelter庇护所。根据前文“therescuersfinallycaughtabreakwhenthey________ashelter”可知，两天后，一支救援队找到了另一个庇护所。故选D项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：原来他是带着轻微的疼痛沿着小路走着。A.hunting捕猎；B.exploring探索；C.walking走；D.marching行进。根据后文“alongthepathwithminorpain”可知，Harry带着疼痛沿着小路走着。march指像军人一样行进，不符合句意。故选C项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：全体工作人员松了一口气，用无线电呼叫了一架直升机，将他送到医院进行全面评估，此前他在外面呆了17天。A.Amused觉得好笑的；B.Awkward尴尬的；C.Upset心烦意乱的；D.Relieved如释重负的。根据前文“Twodayslater,ateamfoundanother________,butthistime,Harrywasnearbyandheardhisnamecalled!Itturnedouthewas________alongthepathwithminorpain.”可知，救援人员发现了Harry，他们终于松了一口气。故选D项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一名救援人员说：“这是我们一直在寻找的结果。”A.cause原因；B.outcome结果；C.award奖；D.evaluation评估。根据前文Harry得救和后文“weallhavebeenlookingforinthiscase,”以及“Itisour________searchandrescueteamsandthepartnershipswehavewithotherteamsthathelped________Mr.Burleighandhisfamily”可知，找到Harry是救援人员一直在寻找的目标和结果。故选B项。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“是我们坚定的搜救团队，以及我们与其他团队的合作，帮助Harry和他的家人团聚。”A.determined坚定的；B.tolerant容忍的；C.disciplined遵守纪律的；D.flexible灵活的。根据语境和前文“Thiswasthe________weallhavebeenlookingforinthiscase”可知，正是搜救队坚定的信念，不放弃搜救，才使Harry得救。故选A项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.affect影响；B.instruct指导；C.encourage鼓励；D.reunite团聚。根据语境和后文“Mr.Burleighandhisfamily”可知，救援队找到了Harry，帮助他和家人团聚。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Xi’an,capitalcityofShaanxi,servedasthecapitalof13dynastiesinChinesehistory,whichintotal____36____(last)about1,100years.Consequently,theancienthistoryofShaanxiistosomedegreetheancienthistoryofChina.ShaanxiHistoryMuseumconsiders____37____adutytobeashowcaseofChineseancientcivilization.PeoplecallShaanxiHistoryMuseum“BrightPearlinAncientCapitalandPreciousTreasureofChina”,foritisanartpalace____38____(full)showingShaanxihistoryandcultureaswellasChineseancientcivilization.Itsarchitecturalbuildingsandexhibitshavemadeitfamousasafirst-classmuseuminChina____39____itwasopenedtothepublicin1991.Itcovers____40____totalareaof65,000squaremeters.Thebasichallsinthemuseumaredividedintothreeexhibitionhalls____41____2,000culturalremainstodisplaythehistoryofancienttimesinchronological(编年的)order.Thefirstexhibitionhall____42____(locate)onthegroundfloorwhiletheothert