河北省张家口市宣化一中2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题

PAGEPAGE24河北省张家口市宣化一中2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题一、单选题（本大题共5小题，共5.0分）One's_______ofliteraturelargelydependsonone'slevelofart.        （）A.assumption B.application C.appreciation D.advocationTony,Ihavebeenoutofjobformonthsandfeelboredandblue.

Well,youmaycometohelpmeinthecompany；_______，youmaytrysomevoluntarywork.     （）A.eventually B.alternatively C.primitively D.additionallyIt'samazingthatyouroldcar,sobrokenandshabby,shouldhave_______40，000yuan.（）A.fetched B.ensured C.obtained D.guaranteedBetty,canyoumakemeacupofcoffee？

OK，butoursugarhasrunout.Youhaveto_______ ．（）A.doout B.dowithout C.doup D.doawayMarioGomez,the33-yearGermanforward,announcedhisdecisiontodropoutofthenationalteam_______youngerplayers.             （）A.inneedof B.inpraiseof C.inplaceof D.infavorof二、选词填空-句子（本大题共5小题，共5.0分）Withhislessons______（finish）fortheday,theboysankbackinthechairwithrelief.Theoldlady,______（fail）thedrivingtestthreetimes,finallyquitthetrainingcourse.Bruceisadoredbyhisteachers,forheisalwaysthefirst______（hand）inhishomework.Hadthelibrariannotpreservedthepreciousphotos,we______（know）nothingaboutthisperiodofhistorynow.Itismosturgentthatfoodandclothing______（deliver）tothevictimsoftheearthquake.三、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，共25.0分）AFOUROFTHEWORLD'SHAPPIESTCITIESDanBuettnersetouttofindthehappiestplacesonearth,andhethinkshe'sdiscoveredfouronfourdifferentcontinents.Ifyou'relookingforacheerydestinationforyournextvacation,considerthesefourspots.

SingaporeBeingoneofthemostcrowdedcitiesintheworldandcitizensknownforbeingworkaholics,it'shardtoimagineSingaporehavingoneofthehappiestpopulationsonearth.Andyetinarecentsurvey,95%ofthemsaidtheywereveryhappy.Theygivetheircityhighmarksforcleanlinessandsafety-subwaysareneatandunfailinglyarriveontime,andpoliceareseenashelpfulandgoodattheirjobs.What'smore,theyfeeltheycancountontheirneighbors.

Århus,DenmarkTheresidentsofÅrhuscheerfullypay68%oftheirincomeintaxes,knowingthatinreturntheywillbeguaranteedfreehealthcare,freedaycare,andatopeducationfortheirchildren.Acityof300                          ，000withanexcitingculturalscene,thesenseofcommunityandequality,aswellaseasyaccesstothenearbyseaandsurroundingcountryside,makeÅrhusseemmorelikeasmalltown.

SanLuisObispo,CAPeopleofSanLuisObispoaremorelikelythanresidentsofotherU            ．S．citiestosmileandexperiencejoyandarelesslikelytoexperiencepainordepression.Some64              ，000ofthe260 ，000peoplevolunteeratover11   ，000non-profitorganizations."Quickaccessmakesiteasytobeinvolved,"residentPierreRademakertoldBuettner.

Monterrey,MexicoUnlikeSanLuisObispans,thepeopleofMonterreydon'tenjoyhighhousehold          （家庭）incomesoraccesstogoodhealthcare.Instead,withtheirfaithinGodandfamily,theyareabletotoughitoutthroughbadtimes."Welaughatsickness,povertyandevendeath,"saysBasanez."Weevenhaveaholidaytocelebratedeath.November2                                  ，theDayoftheDead,isoneofthebiggestholidaysoftheyear."Whenyouwanttogetclosetonatureoutsidethecity,whichoneisyourbestchoice               ？______A.Singapore B.Århus

C.SanLuisObispo D.MonterreyIfyougosightinginMonterrey,youmaybeimpressedthatpeople______．A.therearehardworking

B.thereneversavemoney

C.arehappybecauseothersdie

D.areoptimisticevenindifficultyInwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear         ？______A.Nature B.Entertainment C.Travel D.EducationBRichardHolmes,aBritishauthorandacademic,issomethingofaRomantic,famousforbiographiesofPercyByssheShelleyandSamuelTaylorColeridge.Inhislastbook,"TheAgeofWonder"                         ，hewroteaboutscienceandRomanticismandtheircommoncommitmenttodiscovery.Inhisnewbook,"FallingUpwards"               ，hecombinesthetwoagaintotellthestoriesofEurope'searlyballoonists            （气球飞行者）．

MrHolmes'sloveofballoonswasarousedatavillagefestivalandhisenthusiasmisoneofthebook'smanypleasures.Hereferstothecheerfultoneusedinmanyfirst-handballooningstories,andappliesitinthissecond-handaccount.Hedescribesmenandwomenwrappedupinfurcoatsundertheirhydrogen-filledballoons,enjoyingcoldchickenandchampagneandlookingbacktoearthtoseemankind"forwhatitreallyis."

MrHolmesmakesmuchofthestrangesideofballooning,butthebookisatitsbestwhenexaminingitsmoreseriousapplications.IntheAmericancivilwar,forexample,bothNorthandSouthputobserversinballoonstospyonenemymovements.AndduringthePrussianattackonParisin1870-71                                              ，balloonistsmanagedtoflyoutofthecitytocommunicatewiththeFrenchgovernmentinexile               （流亡）inTours.

"FallingUpwards"containsmuchofthehistorian'swritingcharacteristics,suchasfootnotesandbibliography            （文献书目），butitsepilogue  （后记）refersmodestlytowhathasgonebeforeas"aseriesoftrueballoonstories"            ．Itdoestouchonthemoretechnicalaspectsofballooning,andsayslittleabouttheFrenchMontgolfierbrotherswhoarecreditedasitsinventors.Thatthoughseemsasmallpricetopayforsuchaspiritedwork.MrHolmes'staleendsatthestartofthe20thcenturywhenthebusinessofflightwasbeinghandedovertotheairshipandtheairplane.Inhisbook"FallingUpwards"   ，RichardHolmes______．A.usesthesimilarwritingstyleof"TheAgeofWonder"

B.describeshowpeoplecelebratedavillagefestival

C.givesfirst-handaccountsofEurope'searlyballoonists

D.discussesballoonsusedinwarinaserioustoneThehighlightofFallingUpwardsliesin______．A.itsvividdescriptionsofballoonists'life

B.itsanalysesoftheserioususesofballoons

C.itsreferencetomanyhistoricalresources

D.itsresearchontheballooningtechnologyWhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4mean      ？______A.FallingUpwardsisaninspiringbookbutitspriceisalittlehigh.

B.Tocompletethebook,HolmesreceivedMontgolfierbrothers'financialaid.

C.Itisapitythatthebookdoesn'tintroduceMontgolfierbrothersindetail.

D.Itactuallydidn'ttakeHolmesmuchworktowritesuchagoodbook.CChinastilldumpsmostofthegarbageitgeneratesinlandfills,whichcouldpollutesoil,waterandair.Today,ChinaisfacingaproblemsimilartotheoneJapanfacedinthe1970s,especiallyinitscoastalcitieswhichhavearelativelyhigheconomicgrowthrateandalargepopulationbutcomparativelylimitedlandspace,resultinginseriousenvironmentalpollution.

Chinahasjuststarteditsgarbagesortingjourney,anditwilltaketimeforthepeopletomakeitahabitofsortinggarbageatsource.

ShanghaiisamongChina'sfirstcitiestointroducegarbageclassificationandalsothecountry'smostseriousinitsperforming.SinceJuly1                    ，2024，Shanghairesidentshavebeenrequiredbylawtosortgarbageintofourdifferentcategories,ortheycouldfacefines.Individuals,includingtourists,canbefinedupto200yuanforfailingtosorttheirwasteproperly,whilecompaniesandinstitutionscanbefinedupto50                                     ，000yuan.

Thecitygovernmenthassetuponlineappstohandlesortingquestions,andannouncedguidelinestoaddressthe"one-size-fits-all"method.Thecountryisabouttoinvestover21millionyuanintheconstructionofgarbageprocessingfacilitiestomeetdemands.

FollowingShanghai,Beijingisalsopushingaheadwithgarbagesortinglegislation          （立法）inthecontinualnationalactiontogetallofChinasortinggarbage.Notforcedyet,theChinesecapitalisalreadycarryingoutgarbagesortinginmorethan200residentialcommunitiesandit'stryingtogetmoreresidentsonboardbymakingthesystemsmarter.Nowit'sintroducingartificialintelligenceintoitswastemanagementsystem,bysettinguplittlecamerasinmanysetsofbins.

However,noteveryfacecanberecognizedbythesmartdustbinuntilyouregister             （注册）forthesystem.Onceregistrationiscomplete,userswillscanaQRcodeonthebin,whichthenopensituptoallowforgarbagedisposal                      （处理）．Now,eachhouseholdgetsonespecialQRcodeforthrowingoutwaste.Here,theintelligentbinsdon'tjustcalculategarbageweight,theyalsohelpresidentsgainrewardsbycollectingpointsthroughthespecialapp.

Chinawelcomestheageofcompulsorygarbagesortingwithitscitiesrevisinglawsongarbageclassification.ForShanghai,sixtypercentofthecityisexpectedtoimplementgarbagesortingbytheendofthisyear,and90percentby2024        ．Garbagesortingis,withoutdoubt,acostlybutworthwhilecommitment.Itisgoodfortheenvironmentandessentialforthecountry'slong-termdevelopment,andmayfinallyturnouttobeapromisingindustryaswell.Whatisthecorrectorderinusingsmartgarbagesortingsystem          ？______

①Gainrewards

②Openupthebin

③Registerforthesystem

④ScanaQRcodeonthebinA.④②③① B.③④②① C.②④③① D.④③②①Whatdoestheunderlinedword"implement"inthelastparagraphmean        ？______A.engage B.enforce C.emphasize D.encourageWhatcanbeinferredfromthetext      ？______A.Iftouristsforgettosorttheirwasteproperly,theywillbefined200yuan.

B.ResidentsinBeijinghavetosortgarbageintofourdifferentcategories.

C.Theintelligentgarbagebinscanonlyshowgarbageweight.

D.Garbagesortingcanalsobecomeaprofitablebusinessinfuture.Whydoesourcountrypushaheadwithcompulsorygarbagesorting         ？______A.Topromoteeco-friendlylifestyle.

B.Tobuildagarbagesortingsystem.

C.Toincreasetheuseofartificialintelligence.

D.Tosupporttheconstructionofgarbageprocessingfacilities.四、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）GoldenRulesofGoodDesignWhatmakesgooddesign    ？Overtheyears,designersandartistshavebeentryingtocapturetheessentialsofgooddesign.(1)Therearefourasfollows.

Lessismore.ThissayingisassociatedwiththeGerman-bornarchitectMiesvanderRohe.InhisModernistview,beautyliesinsimplicityandelegance.(2)Designshouldavoidunnecessarydecorations.

 (3)TheAmerican-bornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly,theresultissoullessdesign.Post-Modernistdesignersbegantoexperimentwithdecorationandcoloragain.Productdesignwasheavilyinfluencedbythisviewandcanbeseeninkitchenappliancesuchasovensandkettles.

Fitnessforpurpose.Successfulproductdesigntakesintoconsiderationaproduct'sfunction,purpose,shape,form,color,andsoon.(4)Forexample,thinkofanadjustabledesklamp.Itneedstobeconstructedfrommaterialsthatwillstandtheheatofthelampandregularadjustmentsbytheuser.Italsoneedstobestable.Mostimportantly,itneedstodirectlightwhereitisneeded.

Formfollowsemotion.ThisphraseisassociatedwiththeGermandesignerHartmutEsslinger.

 (5)Theseareasimportantasrational     （理性的）．Whenchoosingeverydayproductssuchastoothpaste,weappreciateacool-lookingdevicethatallowsustoeasilysqueeze                （挤）thetoothpasteontoourbrush.A．Beautyisajoyforever.

B．Theyhavefoundthatsomesayingscanhelppeopleunderstandtheideasofgooddesign.

C．Andtheaimofthedesigneristocreatesolutionstoproblemsthroughthemostefficientmeans.

D．Themostimportantresultfortheuseristhattheproductdoeswhatisintended.

E．Moreisnotabore.

F．Accordingtohim,passionandcommitmentaretwoelementsessentialtoasuccessfuldesigner.

G．Hebelievesdesignmusttakeintoaccountthesensorysideofournature-sight,smell,touchandtaste.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G五、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）Afieldofflowersopensmyeyestotheworldofthepossible.Itwasacold,rainyday,andIhadnodesiretodrive(26)thewindingmountainroadtomydaughterCarolyn'shousethroughfogthat(27)likeveils （面纱）．Butshehad(28)thatIcometoseesomethingatthetopofthemountain.

AssoonasIarrived,mydaughter(29)drovemethereevenbeforethefoglifted.Afterweturnedacornerandstopped-andIgasped               （吸气）in(30)．Onthesideofthemountain,forseveralacresacrossvalleys,(31)riversofdaffodils  （水仙花）infullbloom.Sheetsofcolors-fromthepalestwhitetothedeepestyellow-shinedlikea(32)beforeus.Itlookedasthoughthesunhadtippedover         （倾倒）and(33)golddownthemountainside.

Questions(34)mymind.Who(35)suchbeauty ？Why？How？

Asweapproachedthehousethatstoodinthecenterofthe(36)，wesawasignthat(37)："AnswerstotheQuestionsIKnowYouAreAsking."Thefirstanswerwas           ："OneWoman-TwoHands,TwoFeet,andVeryLittleBrain."Thesecondwas        ："One(38)．"Thethird ："(39)in（1958）．"

Aswedrovehome,Iwasso(40)bywhatwehadseenthatIcould(41)speak."Shechangedtheworld,"Ifinallysaid,"onebulb      （球茎）eachtime.Shestartedalmost60yearsago,butshe(42)it.""Imagine,"Isaid,"ifI'dhadanideaand(43)it,alittlebiteveryday,whatmightIhave(44)？"

Carolynlookedatme,smiling."Starttomorrow,"shesaid.

"Better(45)，starttoday,"Ireplied.

A.beyond B.up C.across D.through

A.varied B.lifted C.hung D.rolled

A.insisted B.ensured C.hoped D.noted

A.effortlessly B.positively C.completely D.eagerly

A.amusement B.relief

C.disappointment D.amazement

A.lay B.expanded C.stood D.wandered

A.star B.bonfire C.carpet D.scene

A.sought B.poured C.knocked D.buried

A.appeared B.filled C.flashed D.sprang

A.discovered B.predicted C.created D.hid

A.plain B.property C.shelter D.fog

A.read B.signaled C.printed D.indicated

A.atatime B.atnotime C.atonetime D.innotime

A.Founded B.Started C.Attained D.Designed

A.confused B.amused C.entertained D.moved

A.hardly B.occasionally C.simply D.initially

A.stuckto B.contributedto

C.tookto D.turnedto

A.pushedfor B.wentthrough C.tookon D.workedat

A.advocated B.accomplished C.expected D.promoted

A.ever B.never C.yet D.regardless六、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）TerryMcLaughlinisoneoftheathletictrainersforBrynMawrCollege'ssportsteams,andhisjobisbynomeanssimple.

"FromMondaytoSaturday,I(1)（start）workateleveno'clockinthemorningbyhandlingsomepaperwork,suchasathletes'injuryreports,"saidMcLaughlin.Then,intheearlyafternoons,athletesfromdifferentteamswalkinandoutofhisofficeforvariousreasons.Somearehurtbecauseofoveruseinjuries                                    ；(2)havetwistedanklesorotherminorinjuriesthatneedtobebandaged.

"Ataroundsix,whenathletesfinishtheirtrainingpractice,Iofferthemicepackstohelpthemrelaxtheirmuscles,"saidMcLaughlin.Thisisusuallythepeakhouroftheathletictrainer'sday,(3)willnotenduntilsevenatnight.Hisjobrequireshimtobehardworkingandflexible.

Asoneofonlytwoexpertsonsportsmedicineoncampus,McLaughlinhasacquiredknowledgeandexperienceinsports,(4)（range）fromsoccerandbadmintontoswimmingandrowing.Eventhoughtoughdecisionshavetobemadeand(5)maybehardtoidentifytherootsofathletesinjuries,McLaughlinloveshisjob(6)（enthusiastic）．

"Wetryourbesttohelptheathletes.Thisis(7)wedo,"hesaid."Asanathletictrainer,youhavetobeespeciallyattentiveand(8)（patience）whenyouarelisteningtotheinjuredathletes.Comfortingwordscomeinhandyforthepatients."

Ontopofhistightdailyschedule,McLaughlinoftengoesextramilestohelpathletes."Iwouldeventravelwiththeteamstovarious(9)（compete）everyyear.Thepersonalconnections(10)（develop）withcoachesandathletesarewhatIhavedeeplytreasured,"hesaid."Themostrewardingpartofmyjobistoseeinjuredathletesreturntotheirsports,achievetheirpersonalbestsandwin."七、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）假设你是李华，你校讲举办校内艺术节．请写封邮件邀请外籍老师Chris做一个关于单口喜剧（stand-upcomedy ）的讲座．内容包括：

（1）讲座的时间和地点；

（2）讲座的主要内容．

留意：

（1）词数80左右；

（2）可适当增加细微环节，以使行文连贯；

（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．

DearChris,

Howiseverythinggoing？___________________________________．

Thankyouforyourtime.

Yours,

LiHua阅读下面短文，依据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要．

Peoplehaveacomplicatedrelationshipwithfailure.Whilethebasicideaoflearningfromfailureissupportedbyevidence,mostpeoplefearitfortheirkids.Noparentwantstoseetheirchildrenfail.Failinghurts.ItishardtoseeyourdaughterpourherheartintostudyingforaMathtest,onlytogetaC                                                   ．Youwantyourchildrentosucceed,butmostofallyoudon'twanttoseethemsuffer.

Theworldoftenseeschildrenasareflectionoftheirparents.Thecommonbeliefisthatwhenyourteenfails,itreflectspoorlyonyou.Noonewantstobejudged.Asaresult,parentsslowlytakeovertheresponsibilityof"managing"academics,athleticsandrelationshipstopreventfailureandpain.

Butfailureisapartofgrowing.Eventhoughyouhavethebestintentions,youhavetoletyourkidsfail.Teachingyourchildrenaboutfailurechangesyourrelationshipfroma"Responsiblefor"mindset                             （心态）tooneof"Responsibleto."Ratherthanfeelingresponsibleforyourdaughterandheractions,youfeelresponsibletoteachandletherdealwiththesituation.

Feeling"responsiblefor"children'sactionscanleadtoparentsovercompensating（过度补偿）forrealorpotentialweaknesses.Skillslikeconflictsolution,problem-solvinganddealingwithauthorityfiguresareimportantdevelopmentmarkersforteenagers.Whenparentsovercompensateforchildren'sweaknessestheyrobteensofopportunitiestoimprovedevelopmentalskills.

Feeling"responsibleto"teachandguidechildrenallowsparentstocreatespaceforfailureandchallenges.Teenagerscanthenusethisspacetoperfecttheseimportantdevelopmentalskills.Overtime,theweaknessesbecomestrengths.Whenyourchildrenfail,youdon'thavetoloweryourstandardsforyourkids,butyoumayhavetochangeexpectations.Remember,whenyoufeelresponsibletogiveyourchildrenmorefreedom,itchangeshowyoudealwithfailure.Failurebecomesasteppingstonetosuccessratherthansomethingtobeavoided.2024-2025学年上学期宣化一中高二英语期末试卷答案和解析1.【答案】C

【解析】考查名词的词义辨析．依据句意和备选项可知，运用名词appreciation,意为观赏，为不行数名词，句意为一个人对文学的鉴赏力取决于他的审美学问水平．而assumption意为揣测；application运用；advocation支持，拥护．

故选：C。

一个人对文学的鉴赏力取决于他的审美学问水平．

本题考查名词的词义辨析，考生需在平常扩充自己的词汇量，结合句意，做出正确的推断．

2.【答案】B

【解析】考查副词词义辨析．eventually最终；最终；alternatively（引出其次种选择或可能的建议）要不，或者；primitively最初地；原始地；additionally此外；另外．句意：托尼，我失业好几个月了，觉得无聊透顶．好吧，你可以来公司帮我；或者，你可以尝试一些志愿工作．

故选：B。

托尼，我失业好几个月了，觉得无聊透顶．

好吧，你可以来公司帮我；或者，你可以尝试一些志愿工作．

本题考查副词词义辨析．在熟知词语词义的基础上，再联系句子的语境和句子所表达的含义，从而选出正确的答案．

3.【答案】A

【解析】答案：A

考查动词的辨析．fetched售得，卖得（某价）；ensured保证，确保；obtained获得，赢得；guaranteed保证，担保．此处对应的主语是car,A项符合题意．

故选：A。

你那辆破破烂烂的旧车竟然能卖到4万元，真是太奇妙了．

本题考查动词的辨析．熟记所给动词的含义及用法，结合语境给出正确答案．

4.【答案】B

【解析】考查动词短语．doout 装修；装饰；dowithout 没有…也行，没有…而设法应付过去；doup

 扣好；系好；装饰，装扮；doaway （with）废除，去掉；弄死．句意：贝蒂，你能给我煮杯咖啡吗？好吧，但是我们的糖用完了．你（喝咖啡）只能不加糖了．

故选：B。

贝蒂，你能给我煮杯咖啡吗？

好吧，但是我们的糖用完了．你（喝咖啡）只能不加糖了．

本题考查动词短语．在中学的学习中平常要多积累动词及动词固定搭配的用法，考试时只能凭借记忆力来答题，尤其是单项选择很难推出某个搭配的意思，所以平常的积累记忆是尤其重要的．

5.【答案】D

【解析】考查介词短语．inneedof  须要；inpraiseof  赞扬…；inplaceof  代替；取代；infavorof  有利于，交付给，以…为受益人；赞同，支持．句意：33岁的德国前锋马里奥戈麦斯宣布，他确定退出国家队，支持年轻球员（的发展）．

故选：D。

33岁的德国前锋马里奥戈麦斯宣布，他确定退出国家队，支持年轻球员的发展．

本题考查介词短语．介词短语题始终是高考的热点之一，它留意考查考生结合语境精确选用词语的实力，由于英语词汇丰富，考生驾驭起来有肯定难度，因此平常应留意介词的积累，理解其含义和用法，再联系句子所表述的意思和语境，选出正确答案．

6.【答案】finished

【解析】答案：finished

考查过去分词．因为在with的复合结构中，所给的动词finish与其逻辑主语hislessons 是被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式，finish的过去分词是finished,故填finished.

今日的课结束了，男孩松了一口气坐回了椅子上．

本题考查单词填空．首先依据句子结构和词与词之间的搭配关系推断应用所给词的何种词性进行填空，然后用单词的适当形式填空．

7.【答案】havingfailed

【解析】答案：havingfailed

考查动词．分析句子结构可知，所给的词fail在句中作状语，因为所给的动词fail与其逻辑主语Theoldlady  是主动关系，结合后面的threetimes, 所以应用现在分词的完成式形式havingfailed,故填havingfailed.

这位老太太三次驾照考试不及格，最终退出了培训班．

本题考查单词填空．首先依据句子结构和词与词之间的搭配关系推断应用所给词的何种词性进行填空，然后用单词的适当形式填空．

8.【答案】tohand

【解析】答案：tohand

考查动词．依据空前的序数词thefirst可知其后应用动词不定式作后置定语，所以填tohand,故填tohand.

布鲁斯深受老师的宠爱，因为他总是第一个交作业．

本题考查单词填空．首先依据句子结构和词与词之间的搭配关系推断应用所给词的何种词性进行填空，然后用单词的适当形式填空．

9.【答案】wouldknow

【解析】答案：wouldknow

考查虚拟语气．依据从句Hadthelibrariannotpreservedthepreciousphotos,       可知此处是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句应用would+动词原形，所以填wouldknow,故填wouldknow.

假如图书管理员没有保存这些宝贵的照片，我们现在对这段历史一窍不通．

本题考查单词填空．首先依据句子结构和词与词之间的搭配关系推断应用所给词的何种词性进行填空，然后用单词的适当形式填空．

10.【答案】（should）bedelivered

【解析】答案：（should）bedelivered

考查动词．所给的动词deliver与主语foodandclothing  是被动关系，结合前面的urgent可知从句应用（should）bedelivered,故填（should）bedelivered.

向地震灾民运输食物和衣服是最紧迫的．

本题考查单词填空．首先依据句子结构和词与词之间的搭配关系推断应用所给词的何种词性进行填空，然后用单词的适当形式填空．

11.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】D【小题3】C

【解析】1．B．细微环节理解题．依据其次部分Acityof

300  ，000

withanexcitingculturalscene,

thesenseofcommunityandequality,

aswellaseasyaccesstothenearbyseaandsurroundingcountryside,

make

Århusseemmorelikeasmalltown.                          一个拥有30万人口的城市，有着令人兴奋的文化景观，社区意识和同等意识，并且可以轻松到达旁边的海洋和四周的乡村，这使奥胡斯看起来更像是一个小镇．可知，当您想与城市外的大自然亲近时，Århus是您的最佳选择．故选B．

2．D．细微环节理解题．依据可最终一部分

Instead,

withtheirfaithinGodandfamily,

theyareabletotoughitoutthroughbadtimes.

"Welaughatsickness,

povertyandevendeath,"

saysBasanez.                      相反，靠着对上帝和家人的信仰，他们能够在困难时期艰难应对．巴萨内兹说："我们为疾病，贫困甚至死亡而笑．"可知，假如您在蒙特雷观光，你会对人们即使遇到困难，也会感到乐观印象深刻．故选D．

3．C．细微环节理解题．依据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了世界上最华蜜的四个城市的基本状况．故最可能出现在旅行部分．故选C．

本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要介绍了世界上最华蜜的四个城市的基本状况．

考察学生的推理推断实力和联系上下文的的实力，在做推理推断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要依据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理推断．此类的填空题肯定要联系上下文，依据上下文的内容加上自己的理解，再作出正确的推断

14.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】B【小题3】C

【解析】1．A．细微环节理解题．依据文章第一段Inhislastbook,"TheAgeofWonder"，hewroteaboutscienceandRomanticismandtheircommoncommitmenttodiscovery.Inhisnewbook,"FallingUpwards"，hecombinesthetwoagaintotellthestoriesofEurope'searlyballoonists（气球飞行者）．在他的最终一本书《奇迹时代》（TheAgeofWonder）中，他描写了科学和浪漫主义以及他们对发觉的共同承诺．在他的新书《向上坠落》（Fallingup）中，他将两者结合起来再次讲解并描述欧洲早期气球手的故事．可知

理查德福尔摩斯在他的《向上坠落》一书中采纳了类似于《奇迹时代》的写作风格；故选A．

2．B．推理推断题．依据文章第三段MrHolmesmakesmuchofthestrangesideofballooning,butthebookisatitsbestwhenexaminingitsmoreseriousapplications.霍姆斯先生对气球飞行的惊奇一面做了很多描述，但这本书在探讨其更为肃穆的应用时处于最佳状态．可知《向上坠落》的亮点在于它对气球的严峻用途的分析；故选B．

3．C．细微环节理解题．依据最终一段

Itdoestouchonthemoretechnicalaspectsofballooning,

andsayslittleabouttheFrenchMontgolfierbrotherswhoarecreditedasitsinventors.

Thatthoughseemsasmallpricetopayforsuchaspiritedwork.它的确触及了气球飞行的更多技术方面，很少提到法国蒙哥菲兄弟，被认为是它的独创者．尽管为这样一部精力充足的作品付出的代价似乎很小．可知

缺憾的是，这本书没有具体介绍蒙哥菲兄弟；故选C．

本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了很多闻名作家的故事中都有气球的身影．

七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子．解题时，要留意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近七的词），选出最符合语境的句子．

17.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】B【小题3】D【小题4】A

【解析】1-4BBDA

1．B．细微环节理解题．依据第六段"Onceregistrationiscomplete,

userswillscanaQRcodeonthebin,

whichthenopensituptoallowforgarbagedisposal

                    （处理）．

Now,

eachhouseholdgetsonespecialQRcodeforthrowingoutwaste.

Here,

theintelligentbinsdon'tjustcalculategarbageweight,

theyalsohelpresidentsgainrewardsbycollectingpointsthroughthespecialapp.                             注册完成后，用户将扫描垃圾桶上的二维码，然后打开垃圾桶进行垃圾处理．现在，每个家庭都有一个特殊的二维码来扔垃圾．在这里，智能垃圾桶不仅可以计算垃圾的重量，还可以通过这款特殊的app帮助居民通过积分获得嘉奖．"．可知运用智能垃圾分类系统的正确依次是：系统注册、扫描垃圾桶上的二维码、打开垃圾桶、获得嘉奖．故选B．

2．B．细微环节理解题．依据第七段"

ForShanghai,

sixtypercentofthecityisexpectedto

implement

garbagesortingbytheendofthisyear,

and

90

percentby

2024        在上海，60%的城市预料将在今年年底前实施垃圾分类，到2024年将达到90%"．可知"implement"

意为"执行"．故选B．

3．D．推理推断题．依据第七段"

Itisgoodfortheenvironmentandessentialforthecountry'slong-termdevelopment,

andmayfinallyturnouttobeapromisingindustryaswell.                       它有利于环境，对国家的长远发展至关重要，并可能最终成为一个有前途的行业．"．可知垃圾分类在将来也可以成为一项有利可图的业务．故选D．

4．A．推理推断题．依据第七段"

Itisgoodfortheenvironmentandessentialforthecountry'slong-termdevelopment,

andmayfinallyturnouttobeapromisingindustryaswell.                       它有利于环境，对国家的长远发展至关重要，并可能最终成为一个有前途的行业．"．可知我国要推行强制垃圾分类是为了提倡环保生活方式．故选A．

本文是一篇政治经济类阅读，文章主要介绍了中国仍在倾倒垃圾填埋场产生的大部分垃圾，这些垃圾会污染土壤、水和空气．今日，中国面临的问题与上世纪70年头日本所面临的问题类似，尤其是沿海城市，经济增长率较高，人口众多，但土地空间相对有限，造成了严峻的环境污染．

此题主要考查学生的细微环节理解和推理推断实力．做细微环节理解题时肯定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理推断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要依据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理推断．

21.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】C【小题3】E【小题4】D【小题5】G

【解析】1-5BCEDG

1．B．细微环节理解题．依据前文"Overtheyears,

designersandartistshavebeentryingtocapturetheessentialsofgooddesign.                 多年来，设计师和艺术家始终试图抓住好的设计的本质．"．可知此处应填"他们发觉一些谚语可以帮助人们理解好的设计理念"．故选B．

2．C．细微环节理解题．依据前文"

InhisModernistview,

beautyliesinsimplicityandelegance.        在他的现代主义观点中，美在于简洁和优雅．"．可知此处应填"设计者的目标是通过最有效的方法来解决问题"．故选C．

3．E．细微环节理解题．依据下文"TheAmerican-bornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly,

theresultissoullessdesign               美国诞生的建筑师罗伯特•文丘里（RobertVenturi）总结说，假如简洁做得不好，结果就是没有灵魂的设计"．可知此处应填"更多并不令人厌烦"．故选E．

4．D．推理推断题．依据前文"

Successfulproductdesigntakesintoconsiderationaproduct'sfunction,

purpose,

shape,

form,

color,

andsoon          胜利的产品设计要考虑产品的功能、用途、形态、形态、颜色等"．可知此处应填"对于用户来说，最重要的结果是产品达到了预期的效果"．故选D．

5．G．推理推断题．依据下文"Theseareasimportantasrational这些和理性一样重要"．可知此处应填"他认为设计必需考虑到我们自然的感官方面--视觉、嗅觉、触觉和味觉．"．故选G．

本文是一篇说明文，主要讲解并描述的是好的设计应当包括四个黄金定律．

考察学生的细微环节理解和推理推断实力，做细微环节理解题时肯定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理推断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要依据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理推断．

26.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】C【小题3】A【小题4】D【小题5】D【小题6】A【小题7】C【小题8】B【小题9】B【小题10】C【小题11】B【小题12】A【小题13】A【小题14】B【小题15】D【小题16】A【小题17】A【小题18】D【小题19】B【小题20】C

【解析】BCADD；ACBBC；BAABD；AADBC

1．B．考查介词辨析．A．beyond

超越；B．up

向上；C．across

横穿；D．through通过；那是一个寒冷的雨天，我不想开车沿着蜿蜒的山路，穿过像面纱一样的雾，到我女儿卡罗琳家去．故选B

2．C．考查动词辨析．A．varied变更；B．lifted举起；C．hung悬挂；D．rolled轧制；那是一个寒冷的雨天，我不想开车沿着蜿蜒的山路，穿过像面纱一样的雾，到我女儿卡罗琳家去．故选C

3．A．考查动词辨析．A．insisted.坚持；B．ensured

确保；C．hoped

希望；D．noted

留意；但她坚持要我去山顶看些东西．故选A

4．D．考查副词辨析．A．effortlessly.毫不费劲；B．positively

主动的；C．completely

完全；D．eagerly急迫地；我一到，我女儿就迫不及待地赶我去那儿，甚至在雾还没散去的时候．故选D

5．D．考查名词辨析．A．amusement消遣；B．relief救济；C．disappointment

悲观；D．amazement

惊异；我们拐过一个弯停下来，我惊异地喘了口气．故选D

6．A．考查动词辨析．A．lay铺设；B．expanded

扩展的；C．stood

站着；D．wandered

游荡；在山的一