（外研版）新高考英语一轮复习讲义 选择性必修第二册　Unit 6 Survival

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1．foxn．狐狸2．seasideadj.海滨的3．predatorn．掠食动物，捕食性动物4．newcomern．新来者5．flourishv．生长茂盛，兴盛6．containern．容器7．lambn．羔羊肉8．garlicn．(大)蒜9．migratoryadj.迁徙的10．kitn．成套工具11．clayn．黏土12．caven．洞穴13．heatwave酷热期，热浪期14．indoorsadv.在室内15．fueln．燃料16．supplementv．补充，增补，增加17．eliminatev．消除，根除18．firefightern．消防队员19．blazen．烈火，大火20．fierceadj.恶劣的，极端的21．Marsn．火星22．wipev．擦，拭，揩23．nuclearadj.核武器的24．hostileadj.(生长环境)恶劣的25．unmannedadj.无人驾驶(操纵)的26．spacecraftn．航天器，宇宙飞船27．orbitv．环绕……运行28．stunningadj.极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的29．astronautn．航天员，宇航员，太空人30．dustn．沙土，尘土31．capsulen．(航天器的)密封舱，太空舱32．trunkn．树干Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1．suburbn．郊区，城郊2．thiefn．小偷，贼3．urbanadj.城镇的，城市的4．garbagen．垃圾5．estimatev．估计，估算6．crucialadj.至关重要的，关键性的7．agencyn．机构；(尤指政府内的)局，部，处8．inferv．推断，推定Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．crimen．罪，罪行→criminaln．罪犯adj.犯罪的2．greedyadj.贪婪的，贪心的；渴望的→greedn．贪婪；渴望→greedilyadv.贪心地，贪婪地3．commitv．犯(错误或罪行)→commitmentn．承诺；花费；献身；投入→committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的4．appreciatev．欣赏；赏识；鉴赏→appreciationn．欣赏；感激→appreciativeadj.赞赏的；感激的5．restrictv．限制，控制→restrictionn．限制；限定→restrictiveadj.限制性的6．hikern．徒步旅行者，远足者→hikev．去远足7．optimisticadj.乐观的；乐观主义的→optimismn．乐观主义→pessimisticadj.(反)悲观的8．consumptionn．(精力、油、电等的)消耗量→consumev．消耗→consumern．消费者9．reactvi.(作出)反应，回应→reactionn．反应，回应10．monthlyadj.每月一次的→monthn．月，月份11．advancedadj.先进的，高级的→advancevi.前进；取得进展n．进展，进步12．terrifyingadj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的→terrifiedadj.害怕的→terrifyv．使害怕→terrorn．恐怖，恐惧13．consistv．组成→consistentadj.一致的14．exposev．使暴露(于险境)→exposuren．暴露，显露→exposedadj.无遮蔽的；无保护的1．clash/klæʃ/n．撞击声；冲突vi.发出撞击声；冲突2．furious/'fjʊəriəs/adj.猛烈的；狂怒的3．scatter/'skætə(r)/vt.&vi.撒；散开4．penetrate/'penətreIt/vt.&vi.打入；进入；穿透5．tragedy/'trædʒədi/n．悲剧；不幸6．utterly/'ʌtəli/adv.彻底地；完全地7．cunning/'kʌnIŋ/adj.狡猾的；巧妙的8．plead/pliːd/vi.&vt.恳求；认(罪)9．embarkon开始；着手10．clutch/klʌtʃ/vi.&vt.猛地抓住；紧握Ⅳ.背核心短语1．copewith应付(某种情况)2．bring...undercontrol使……处于控制之下3．getridof摆脱，除去4．wipeout彻底摧毁，消灭5．consistof由……组成，由……构成6．inthemeantime在此期间，与此同时7．inone’sway挡某人的路8．outofreach够不到9．underconstruction在建设之中10．fitinwith适应；与……一致11．getatastefor尝一尝；体验；感受12．crashinto撞击，闯入13．amountto总计14．splitup分开Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Withnowhereelsetomaketheirhomes，theyhavenochoicebuttomoveinwithus.(havenochoicebuttodo)由于无处安家，它们别无选择只能搬来和我们一起住。2．Asourcitiesbecomegreener，theyofferincreasinglyappealingspacestoanimalslookingfornewhabitats.(as引导时间状语从句)随着我们的城市环境变得更好，它们为寻找新栖息地的动物提供了越来越吸引人的空间。3．Thereisevidencethaturbanracoonsaremoreintelligentthantheirwildcousins...(that引导同位语从句)有证据表明，城市里的浣熊比它们的野生近亲更聪明……4．Onlythencanwelooktowardsharmoniouslysharingoururbanhabitats.(“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句)只有那时，我们才能期待和谐地共享我们的城市栖息地。5．Oneoptionistoexploreotherplanetstoseeifwecouldliveonthem.(if引导宾语从句)一种选择是探索其他星球，看看我们能否在上面生活。6．ThereisnodoubtthathumankindisdrawntowardsMars，withdreamsofmakingitoursecondhome.(Thereisnodoubtthat...)毫无疑问，人类被火星吸引，梦想着把它作为我们的第二个家园。Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共14分)1．seasideadj.海滨的2．predatorn．掠食动物，捕食性动物3．flourishv．生长茂盛，兴盛4．migratoryadj.迁徙的5．supplementv．补充，增补，增加6．eliminatev．消除，根除7．fierceadj.恶劣的，极端的8．nuclearadj.核武器的9．hostileadj.(生长环境)恶劣的10．unmannedadj.无人驾驶(操纵)的11．spacecraftn．航天器，宇宙飞船12．orbitv．环绕……运行13．astronautn．航天员，宇航员，太空人14．capsulen．(航天器的)密封舱，太空舱Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共10分)1．suburbn．郊区，城郊2．urbanadj.城镇的，城市的3．estimatev．估计，估算4．crucialadj.至关重要的，关键性的5．inferv．推断，推定Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共16分)1．greedyadj.贪婪的，贪心的；渴望的→greedn．贪婪；渴望→greedilyadv.贪婪地，贪心地2．crimen．罪，罪行→criminaln．罪犯adj.犯罪的3．restrictv．限制，控制→restrictionn．限制；限定→restrictiveadj.限制性的4．commitv．犯(错误或罪行)→commitmentn．承诺；花费；献身；投入→committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的5．hikern．徒步旅行者，远足者→hikev．去远足6．monthlyadj.每月一次的→monthn．月，月份7．consistv．组成→consistentadj.一致的8．optimisticadj.乐观的；乐观主义的→optimismn．乐观主义→pessimisticadj.(反)悲观的Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)1．furiousadj.猛烈的；狂怒的2．scattervt.&vi.撒；散开3．pleadvi.&vt.恳求；认(罪)4．embarkon开始；着手5．clutchvi.&vt.猛地抓住；紧握Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)1．inone’sway挡某人的路2．outofreach够不到3．amountto总计4．splitup分开5．fitinwith适应；与……一致Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2.5分，共15分)1．Ididn’timagineheshouldhavereactedsostronglywhenhewasexposedtostress，andhisreactionannoyedmostofus.(react)2．Itisrecognisedthatadvancedproductivitywilladvancetheprogressofsociety.(advance)3．Beingexposedtosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin，soweshoulddecreasethedirectexposuretosunlight.(expose)4．Amongallthepeopleweshouldappreciate，ourparentsaretheoneswhodeserveourappreciationmost.(appreciate)5．Expertsadviseconsumersnottobuymoregroceriesuntilthey’vealreadybeenconsumed.Thisiscalledrationalconsumption.(consume)6．Hearingtheterrifyingnews，shewasterrifiedofgoingoutaloneatnight.(terrify)Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2.5分，共15分)eq\x(inthemeantime，copewith，bring...undercontrol，underconstruction，consistof，getridof)1．Thebuildingunderconstructionwillserveasasciencemuseum，whichwillprovideserviceforfree.2．Itisreportedthatittookthefirefightersthreehourstobringthefireundercontrol.3．Apartfromasmallteamofpaidstaff，theorganizationconsistsofunpaidvolunteersatpresent.4．CarlisstartingcollegeinSeptember.Inthemeantime，heplanstotravelaroundEurope.5．Onlyifyougetridofyourcarelessnesscanyouachieveyourdreamofbeinganexcellentdoctor.6．Hiscourageandsmartnessenabledhimtocopewiththatemergencyandfinallysurvivedthedisaster.Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)1．(应用文写作之求助信)我在英语上遇到了一些困难，因此我只得寻求你的帮助。(havenochoicebuttodo)ImeetwithsomedifficultieswithmyEnglish，soIhavenochoicebuttoseekyourhelp.2．(2020·浙江7月，读后续写)随着战斗越来越激烈，熊就要闯入我们的营地了。(as引导时间状语从句)Asthefightwasgettingfiercerandfiercer，thebearwasabouttobreakintoourcamp.3．直到莉莉走进办公室，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。(“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句)OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheofficedidsherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.4．毫无疑问，睡觉时暴露在光下会增加一个人患癌症的概率。(Thereisnodoubtthat...)Thereisnodoubtthatexposuretolightwhilesleepingcanincreaseaperson’schancesofgettingcancer.5．他决定到郊区去碰碰运气，看看能不能发财。(if引导宾语从句)Hedecidedtoseekhisfortuneinthesuburbofthecitytoseeifhecouldmakeafortune.Ifyouliveintheurbanareas，whenyouareexposedtostressbecauseoffiercecompetition，itiscrucialtocopewithit1.properly(proper)，otherwiseitwouldbringaboutsometerrifyingresults.WheneverIfeeldown，Iusuallygotothesuburbasahiker2.toget(get)ridofmypressure.3.Exposed(expose)totheblueskyandfreshair，Itake4.agreedybreath.Duringthe5.monthly(month)hike，Iappreciatethestunningscenery,6.whichwipesoutmystress.Inthemeantime，mymentalconditionreactstothe7.surroundings(surround)actively.Igetbackmyoptimisticattitude8.to/towardslifeandworkandcanbringeverythingundercontrol，which9.fuels(fuel)metocommitmyselfto10.working(work)likebefore.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇appreciatev．欣赏；赏识；感激，感谢；理解；意识到(appreciationn．欣赏；感激；理解)·appreciatedoing...欣赏/感激做……Iwouldappreciateitif...假如……我将不胜感激。·inappreciationof感激(1)Iappreciatedbeinggiven(give)theopportunitytoworkinthesuburbtwoyearsago.(2)Pleaseacceptthisgiftinappreciation(appreciate)ofallyou’vedoneforus.(3)(应用文写作之建议信)如果你考虑我的建议我将感激不尽，我的确希望你的论文对环境保护有所帮助。I’dappreciateitifyoucouldtakemytips/suggestions/adviceintoaccount/considerationandIdohopethatyourpaperwillmakeadifferencetoenvironmentalprotection.用法点拨appreciate后一般不接不定式；作“感激”讲时，其后一般只接“事”作宾语，而不接“人”作宾语；且其后不直接跟从句，需先接it，再接从句，类似用法的动词还有：like，enjoy，hate，love，take，have等。reactvi.反应；作出反应；回应(reactionn．反应；回应)reactto对……作出反应reactagainst反对；反抗reactwith与……起化学反应(1)Ican’timaginehowmysisterwillreacttothenewsthatshewillbeemployedbythebigfirm.(2)Thechemistryteachershowsushowironreactswithairandwater.(3)我以为父亲会反对我的决定，所以当他点头时，我被他的积极反应震惊了，我睁大了眼睛。Ithoughtmyfatherwouldreactedagainstmydecision，sowhenhenodded，Iwasshockedbyhispositivereaction，withmyeyeswideopen.terrifyingadj.令人恐惧的；极其可怕的，骇人听闻的(terrifiedadj.恐惧的；害怕的terrifyvt.使恐惧，使惊吓terrorn．惊恐，恐惧)·beterrifiedof对……感到惊恐beterrifiedat/by...被……吓了一跳·interror惊慌地·terrifysbintodoing...吓唬某人做……(1)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)我被黑暗森林里野生动物可怕的嚎叫吓坏了。我被吓得跑起来，但我发现我迷路了。我惊恐地环顾四周，不知道如何应对这种情况。Iwasterrifiedby/attheterrifyinghowlsofwildanimalsinthedarkforest.Iwasterrifiedintorunning，butIfoundthatIlostmyway.Iglancedaroundinterror，notknowinghowtocopewiththesituation.(2)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)由于害怕即将到来的考试，我感到双腿颤抖，手心冒汗。Extremelyterrifiedofthecomingexamination，Ifeltmylegstremblingandmypalmssweating.(形容词短语作状语)consistv．组成；构成；在于(consistentadj.一致的；连续的)·consistof(＝bemadeupof，becomposedof)由……组成consistin(＝liein)在于……；存在于……consistwith和……一致·beconsistentwith与……一致；符合(1)(话题写作之人际关系)在我看来，只有言行一致才能赢得别人的尊重和友谊。Inmyopinion，onlyifwhatyousayconsistswith/isconsistentwithwhatyoudocanyouwinothers’respectandfriendship.(2)(读后续写之升华句)大家都知道，生活中不仅有阳光，还有风雨。Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatlifeconsistsof/ismadeupof/iscomposedofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.(3)(应用文写作之推荐景点)我强烈推荐你去爬泰山，它的美在于它迷人的风景和丰富的文化。IstronglyrecommendyoutoclimbMountTai，whosebeautyconsistsin/liesinitscharmingsceneryandrichculture.exposev．使置身于危险中；暴露；揭露；使曝光(exposuren．暴露，显露exposedadj.无遮蔽的；无保护的)exposesth/sb/oneselfto...使某物/某人/某人自己暴露于……beexposedto暴露于；经受温馨提示：在expose...to...及beexposedto结构中，to为介词，其后需用名词、代词或动名词作宾语。(1)Beingexposed(expose)tothegarbagefortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourhealth.(2)Somepeoplethinkweshouldn’texposechildrentoplaying(play)computergames.(3)(应用文写作之申请信)我从小就接触外教，因此，我能够用英语和其他人自由交流。①Ihavebeenexposedto/haveexposedmyselftoforeignteacherssinceayoungage，soIcancommunicatefreelywithothersinEnglish.②Havingbeenexposedto/Havingexposedmyselftoforeignteacherssinceayoungage，IcancommunicatefreelywithothersinEnglish.(用havingdone作状语改写)that引导同位语从句Thereisevidencethaturbanracoonsaremoreintelligentthantheirwildcousins...有证据表明，城市里的浣熊比它们的野生近亲更聪明……·that引导的同位语从句常作news，fact，hope，idea，suggestion，promise，truth等名词的同位语。·that引导同位语从句和定语从句时的区别在于：引导定语从句时，that为关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语，有意义；而引导同位语从句时，that在从句中只起引导词的作用，不作成分，没有意义。(1)①Doyoubelievethenewsthat/whichhejustnowtoldyou?②DoyoubelievethenewsthathewasdefeatedinthecompetitionheldinthelecturehalllastSunday?(2)(2023·北京，书面表达)听说你们正在策划一个以“绿色北京”为主题的社团活动，我非常高兴，下面是我对活动的建议。毫无疑问，组织一次环城自行车之旅是一个不错的选择。此外，另一个建议是你们应该举办一个绿色博览会或展览来展示环保产品和技术。Iammorethangladtoheartheideathatyouareplanningaclubactivitywiththethemeof“GreenBeijing”andherearemysuggestionsfortheevent.Thereisnodoubtthatorganisingacyclingtouraroundthecityisagoodchoice.Besides，thereisanothersuggestionthatyou(should)holdagreenfairorexhibitiontoshowenvironmentallyfriendlyproductsandtechnologies.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．advanceeq\x(A.vt.提高，促进B.vi.前进；向前移动C.adj.预先的D.n.进步)(1)Thecrazymanadvancedtowardsus，shoutingangrily.B(2)(2021·新课标Ⅰ)Itisourhopethatincomingdecades，advancesinsciencewilloffernewperspectives(视角)fromwhichtostudyhowpeoplemanagetheirlives.D(3)(2020·新课标Ⅰ)Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves：nursing.A(4)Pleasegiveusadvancewarningofanychanges.C2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思(1)Apparently，highsalarieshelpedtofuelinflation.刺激(2)Thedoctoradvisedmetotakeacapsulethismorning.胶囊Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．Itisinferred(infer)thatecologyhasbeendamagedinthisarea.2．Itiscrucially(crucial)importantthatwetakeactiontotackletheincident.3．MrWangisjustoneofthevictims，fromwhosehousesthieves(thief)stolesubstantialsumsofmoney.4．Bycomparison，Ipreferthebookconsisting(consist)oftenshortinspiringstories.5.Subsequently，Iwasinformedthatallthearticleswouldberestricted(restrict)to1,000words.6．Wecameacrosssomedifficultieswhenwewenthiking(hike)，butwewouldn’tgiveuphalfway.7．I’dappreciateitifyoucouldofferussomesuggestionsonhowtosecureajob.8.Onbehalfofmyclass，Iwilltalkabouthowteenagerscopewithsomedifficultiesintheirnewseniorhighschoollife.9．Helookedattheshopwindowwithgreedy(greed)eyesandapparently，hewantedmoretoys.10．IoweittoyouthatIhavemadegreatadvancesinspokenEnglishandpleaseacceptmyheartfeltgratitude.假定你是某国际学校学生会主席李华，你校打算五一假期组织一次为期一天的野外生存训练。请你写一份英文口头通知，内容包括：1.活动的时间、地点；2.活动的意义；3.报名要求。完成句子1．我有一个好消息要告诉大家，5月2日将在西山进行为期一天的野外生存训练，以丰富我们的生活，使我们亲近大自然。(同位语从句)2．通过接触大自然，你不仅可以获得一些野外生存技能，还可以增强你的意志，培养你的团队精神。(beexposedto；倒装句)3．万一将来你去野外，你就不会被意想不到的事情吓坏了。(incase；beterrifiedof)4．如果你对此积极响应，请在本周末之前到学生会办公室报名。(reactto)5．非常感谢你们的积极参与。(appreciate)组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。参考范文Dearclassmates，mayIhaveyourattention，please？Ihaveapieceofgoodnewstosharewithyouthataone-daywildernesssurvivaltrainingisscheduledforMay2ndattheWestHilltoenrichourlifeandletusgetclosetonature.Bybeingexposedtonature，notonlycanyouacquiresomewildernesssurvivalskillsbutalsoyoucanstrengthenyourwillandcultivateyourteamspirit.Incaseyougotothewildinthefuture，youwillnotbeterrifiedofunexpectedmatters.Ifyoureacttoitpositively，pleasesignupattheStudents’Councilofficebeforetheendofthisweek.Youractiveparticipationisgreatlyappreciated.Isincerelyhopethatyouwillhaveanicetimehere.教材语料整合亮词[野外生存]appreciate；optimistic；copewith；fuel；supplement；bring...undercontrol；fierce；wipe；terrifying；expose美句1.Spottingthecarwithitswindowleftopen，thegreedythiefdidn’thesitate.Withinseconds，hehadreachedinsideandrunawaywithabagofshopping.(动作描写)2．Untilwearefinallyabletoliveonanotherplanet，weneedtotakemuchbettercareofourown.Rightnow，it’stheonlyonewehave！(主旨升华句)拓展语料积累动作细节描写：看(二)单词scan细看，察看，端详，浏览eye注视overlook俯瞰词块lookat看stareat注视，凝视glareangrilyat怒视lookatsbstraightintheeye/lookintoone’seyes直视某人的眼睛catchsightof看见lookaround环顾四周spyon暗中监视lookintothedistance眺望远方can’ttakeone’seyesoff目不转睛地注视fixone’seyeson/glueone’seyesto全神贯注于句型Shelookedherfatherstraightintheeyeandansweredhisquestiontruthfully.她直视父亲的眼睛，诚实地回答了他的问题。Iheardsomeonefollowingme，andglancedround，catchingsightofadarkfigureintheshadows.(现在分词短语作状语)我听到有人在跟踪我，便向四周瞥了一眼，看见黑暗中有个人影。Theyoungmanwasanxiouslyscanningthenewspaper，insearchofrecruitmentadvertisements.年轻人焦急地浏览着报纸，寻找招聘广告。Withhereyesfixedon/gluedtothephone，itwasnotuntilMrLipattedherontheshoulderthatsherealizedhewasstandinginfrontofher.(with复合结构)她目不转睛地盯着电话，直到李先生拍了拍她的肩膀，她才意识到他就站在她面前。Hehelpedherwipeawayhertearsandlookedatherstraightintheeye，saying，“NeverwillIquarrelwithyouagain.”他帮她擦干眼泪，直视着她的眼睛说：“我再也不会和你吵架了。”语料运用荒野求生Afterthefiercequarrel，Janeglaredangrilyatherhusband，saying，“I’llfindabetterspotforustocamp.”Thenshewalkedaway.Aftershehadclimbedtoahighplace，she①lookedaroundandlookedintothedistance，onlytofindthatshewaslostintheterrifyingforest.②Withhereyesfixedontheground(with复合结构)，shestoodthereinterror，thinkingabouthowtocopewiththedilemma.Shesleptbesideatree，withmanybranchesaroundher.Thenextmorningherhusbandfoundherdespitemanydifficulties.ThemomentJane③caughtsightofherhusband，shethrewherselfintohisarms.Hehelpedherwipeawayhertearsand④lookedatherstraightintheeye，saying，“NeverwillIquarrelwithyouagain.”激烈的争吵之后，简愤怒地瞪着丈夫说：“我去找个更好的地方露营。”然后走开了。爬到高处后，她环顾四周，并眺望远方，却发现自己迷失在可怕的森林里。她两眼盯着地面，惊恐地站在那里，思考着该如何应对这种进退两难的局面。她睡在一棵树旁，周围有许多树枝。第二天早上，她的丈夫不顾重重困难找到了她。简一看见丈夫，就扑向他的怀抱。他帮她擦干眼泪，直视着她的眼睛说：“我再也不会和你吵架了。”高考题型组合练30提示：带★的文章和单元主题相关Ⅰ.阅读理解AThere’sanotheruniversenotfarfromland.Itlacksbuildings，trees，cars，cellphonesandtheInternet.Seeminglylimitlesswaterextendsuninterruptedlyinalldirections.Civilizationgoesaway，alongwithanysignofhumanity.AnditiswhyI’mreallyintosailing.Igrewuparoundboats.Myfatherlikedsailingandbuiltthem.MyoldersisterandIwerestuffedintoacarnearlyeverysummerweekenduntilmylateteenstomakethetripfromnortheastIndianatothesouthshoreofLakeErieinOhio，whereTalismanbuiltbymyfatherwaitedpatientlythroughtheweek.Asakid，IreadtheadventuresofRobinLeeGraham，atravellerexploringtheseaalone，inthepagesofNationalGeographicand，later，inGraham’sbook，Dove.However，itwasn’tuntilabout20yearsago，wellintomyadulthood，thatItookupsailinginaseriousway.I’vemadevoyagesinfairandstormyweather，onmyownboatsandthoseofmyfriends，andrangingfromnearshoredaysailstoblue-waterpassages.Still，I’vemadeplentyofmistakes.WhilelivinginAsia，asailingfriendandIsetoffacrosstheSouthChinaSeaandintendedtogettoThailand，onlytobepushedbyalate-seasontyphoonthatforcedustomakelandfallinVietnam，gladtobealive.Yearslater，mywifeandIlivedaboardour37-footship，Symbiosis，whilewesavedenoughtotakeatwo-yearleavefromourjobstojourneydowntheU．S.AtlanticcoastandthroughtheBahamasandtheCaribbean.Wevisitedmanyplacesthatneverseeshipsorairplanesandthatarenearlyimpossibletoreachanywayotherthanatthehelm(舵柄)ofasmallboat.Butboatsareexpensiveandtime-consuming.AfterreturningfromtheCaribbeanafewyearsago，wedecidedtosellSymbiosis，resolvinginsteadtosailonly“otherpeople’sboats”．Itdidn’tlast，though.Afewmonthsago，wefoundagooddealonasmallersailboat—easiertomaintainbutstillcapableofsomeshortoffshorejourneys.Ithinkwe’llnameherTalisman.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己对航海的热爱。1．Whatwouldtheauthordoonsummerweekendsasakid?A．HewouldhelphisfatherbuildTalisman.B．Hewouldsailwithhisfatherandhissister.C．HewouldexplorenortheastIndianainacar.D．Hewouldbringhumancivilizationtosailing.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段的“Myfatherlikedsailingandbuiltthem.MyoldersisterandIwerestuffedintoacarnearlyeverysummerweekenduntilmylateteenstomakethetripfromnortheastIndianatothesouthshoreofLakeErieinOhio...throughtheweek.”可知，作者小时候会在夏天的周末与父亲和妹妹一起航海。故选B。2．WhatcanwelearnaboutthebookDove?A．Ithassomethingtodowithexploringthesea.B．ItwaspublishedinNationalGeographic.C．ItisthemostfamousworkbyGraham.D．Itwasaninspirationfortheauthor’swriting.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第二段的“Asakid，IreadtheadventuresofRobinLeeGraham，atravellerexploringtheseaalone，inthepagesofNationalGeographicand，later，inGraham’sbook，Dove.”可推断，这本书与海上探索有关。故选A。3．WhydidtheauthorsellhisshipSymbiosis?A．Itdidn’tfunctionwell.B．Hecouldn’taffordtomaintainit.C．Hefoundabetteronetoreplaceit.D．Itwasdamagedseriouslyduringastorm.答案B解析细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Butboatsareexpensiveandtime-consuming.AfterreturningfromtheCaribbeanafewyearsago，wedecidedtosellSymbiosis，resolvinginsteadtosailonly‘otherpeople’sboats’．”可知，Symbiosis既昂贵又耗时。由此可知，作者付不起保养的钱。故选B。4．Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toshowhispassionforsailingboats.B．Tostresstheinfluenceofadventuresonhim.C．Todiscusstheproblemsofsailingonthesea.D．Tosharehissuccessinexploringtheworld.答案A解析写作意图题。根据第一段中“AnditiswhyI’mreallyintosailing.”和下文的描述可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是通过记叙自己的过往，展现出对航海的热爱。故选A。B(★)MoranworksattheCaliforniaAcademyofSciences，whichiscappedby2.5acresoflivingroofwherenearly1.7millionplants，insectsandbirdsflourish.Thebuildinghasbeenpainstakinglydesignedtobeamongoneofthemostenvironment-friendlyintheworld.Solarpanelsthatsurroundthelivingroofprovide5%ofthebuilding’senergy，whilewaterflowingthroughpipesinthebathroomsalsogeneratespower.Automaticskylightsopenandclosetohelpregulatethetemperatureinsidethebuildingwhilenaturalsunlightisusedtolightthebuildingasmuchaspossible.Duringhis15yearsattheacademy(研究院)，Moranhashelpeddesign，buildandnowmaintainthebuilding’sgreensystems.Constructingnewenvironment-friendlybuildingsliketheoneMoranworksinisexpectedtogeneratemorethan6.5millionjobsby2030，accordingtopredictionsbytheInternationalLaborOrganization.Nexttoenergy，itwillbethesecondfastestgrowingsectorforgreenjobsinthecomingdecades.Thisjobsgrowthcomesfromagrowingneedforbuildingsthatcandealwithmultipleproblems：meetingtoughclimate-changetargets；risingenergycosts，watershortagesandanincreasedriskofextremeweatherconditions.Thisisdrivingamovementknownasgreenbuilding.In2000，just41newconstructionprojectswereofficiallyratedasgreenbuildingsintheUS.Lastyear，thatfigurehadgrowntomorethan65,000.Elsewhereintheworldtherehavebeensimilarincreasesanditisatrendthatisexpectedtocontinue.InChinathegovernmenthassetanambitiousgoalaspartofitsfive-yearplanthatrequires50%ofallnewurbanbuildingstobegreencertified.Moranseesgreenbuildingasrequiringnewskillsthathavenotfeaturedmuchinthebuildingsectorinthepast.“Ittakesadifferentskillsettolookafteralivingroofcomparedtonormallandscaping，”hesays.“Youneedtounderstandtheenvironment，howthedirectionofthesunandwindwillaffectit.Butwearealsoseeingtechnologybeingintegratedintoeverything.”语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了建筑师莫兰专注于建造新的环保建筑，而绿色建筑是未来的趋势。5．Howwasthebuildingoftheacademyplanned?A．Rigidly. B．Effortlessly.C．Thoroughly. D．Strategically.答案C解析细节理解题。由第一段可知，此建筑的方方面面都运用了环保理念，应是精心设计的。文中的painstakingly“精心地，细心地”与C项Thoroughly“细致地”是同义词。故选C项。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph2referto?A．Constructingnewbuildings.B．Generatingmorejobs.C．Thegrowingneedforhouses.D．TheInternationalLaborOrganization.答案A解析代词指代题。由第二段可知，it用于指代上文，上文提及了“Constructingnewenvironment-friendlybuildings”，此处it指“Constructingnewbuildings”。故选A项。7．Whydomanycountriesbegintoconstructgreenbuildings?A．Todevelopalargemarket.B．Tosatisfyhumans’ambitions.C．Tosolvedifferentchallenges.D．Tocontrolthenewmovement.答案C解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“...buildingsthatcandealwithmultipleproblems：meetingtoughclimate-changetargets；risingenergycosts，watershortagesandanincreasedriskofextremeweatherconditions.”可知，为解决诸多不同的挑战，许多国家开始建设绿色建筑。故选C项。8．WhatdoesMoranpossiblythinkofhispresentjob?A．Challenging. B．Risky.C．Traditional. D．Urgent.答案A解析观点态度题。由最后一段可知，莫兰认为，绿色建筑需要新的不寻常的技能，且对设计者有更高的要求，由此可知，他认为目前的工作很具挑战性。故选A项。Ⅱ.完形填空(★)NatalieandCallie，both13yearsold，startedraisingmonarchbutterfliesforfunin2020.Butafterrealizingthemonarchswereanendangeredspecies，their1soonturnedintoaseriousmission.Theylearnedthatthepopulationofmonarchbutterflieshad2sincetheearly1990s，duetohabitat3andwidespreaduseofchemicals，whichmadethemilkweeds(马利筋草)themonarchs4fortheirmaindietdangeroustoeat.Sothegirlsteamedupwithanationalnonprofitgrouptoplantanativegarden5forthemonarchs.Thegardengreworganicmilkweedsthat6andkeptthebutterflies.Tohelp7thelocalstosustainthemonarchpopulation，theycreatedanexhibitionaboutthemonarchsinthelocallibrary.Theyalsowantedtoputupaneducationalsignintown，butit8alot.Tocovertheexpense，theysetupastandatthefarmers’markettoselltheir9milkweedsforpeopletoplant.Althoughthefundraisingdayswere10，theyfinallysucceededinearningenoughmoneywiththeirhardworkandpeople’ssupport.TheteamhaswontheSilverAwardfortheir11oftakingcareofbutterflies，buttheyarenot12withtheirwork.“Ournextstepistocutdownontheuseof13toguaranteeasafeenvironmentforthemonarchs，”saidNatalie.Intheawardceremony，theirteacherBrian14，“Iamsoproudofthemfortheirconstant15.”语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个13岁的女孩娜塔莉和卡莉从养帝王蝶的爱好到致力于保护帝王蝶的故事。1．A.dream B．hobbyC．career D．decision答案B解析dream梦想；hobby业余爱好；career事业；decision决定。由上文的“startedraisingmonarchbutterfliesforfun”和下文的“turnedintoaseriousmission”可知，一开始养帝王蝶是一种爱好，但因帝王蝶的濒危现状，她们的爱好就变成了一项严肃的保护任务。故选B。2．A.doubled B．agedC．declined D．exploded答案C解析double(使)加倍；age变老；decline减少，下降；explode爆炸。由上文的“themonarchswereanendangeredspecies”可知，帝王蝶已经濒危，数量应该是减少了。故选C。3．A.management B．assessmentC．selection D．destruction答案D解析由上文的“themonarchswereanendangeredspecies”并结合常识可知，帝王蝶的栖息地遭到破坏是其数量减少乃至濒危的原因之一。故选D。4．A.reliedon B．keptoffC．brokedown D．gaveaway答案A解析relyon依赖；keepoff避开；breakdown出故障；giveaway捐赠。由下文的“fortheirmaindiet”可知，此处指帝王蝶所依赖的主要食物是马利筋草。故选A。5．A.partly B．secretlyC．rarely D．specially答案D解析由下文的“Thegardengreworganicmilkweeds”可推知，这是专门为帝王蝶种植马利筋草的本土花园。故选D。6．A.attracted B．protectedC．monitored D．trapped答案A解析attract吸引；protect保护；monitor监视；trap使落入险境。由上文的“fortheirmaindiet”和下文的“andkeptthebutterflies”可知，马利筋草会吸引并留住帝王蝶。故选A。7．A.employ B．educateC．force D．limit答案B解析由下文的“theycreatedanexhibitionaboutthemonarchsinthelocallibrary”可知，她们举办关于帝王蝶的展览的目的是教育当地人保护帝王蝶，呼应下文的“Theyalsowantedtoputupaneducationalsignintown”。故选B。8．A.meant B．costC．changed D．hurt答案B解析mean意味着；cost花费；change改变；hurt伤害。根据下文的“Tocovertheexpense”和“thefundraisingdays”可知，因为花费很大，所以需要筹款。故选B。9．A.dry B．medicalC．healthy D．wild答案C解析由上文的“Thegardengreworganicmilkweeds”和常识可知，她们种植的是有机的马利筋草，所以卖给人们种植的马利筋草应该是健康的。故选C。10．A.pleasing B．lightC．long D．disappointing答案C解析由上文的“Although”和下文的“theyfinallysucceededinearningenoughmoney”可知，前后存在转折关系，即虽然筹款花了很长时间，但她们最终赚到了足够的钱。故选C。11．A.project B．conceptC．schedule D．assignment答案A解析project项目；concept概念；schedule计划；assignment任务。呼应上文的“Sothegirlsteamedupwithanationalnonprofitgrouptoplantanativegardenforthemonarchs.”，此处指两个女孩为保护帝王蝶而做的项目。故选A。12．A.concerned B．connectedC．finished D．occupied答案C解析由下文的“Ournextstepisto...”可知，她们还有保护帝王蝶的下一步计划，说明她们保护帝王蝶的工作尚未完成。故选C。13．A.chemicals B．timeC．funds D．energy答案A解析由上文的“widespreaduseofchemicals”和“theirmaindietdangeroustoeat”可知，因化学物质的广泛使用，帝王蝶的食物不安全，所以要减少化学品的使用。故选A。14．A.quoted B．continuedC．replied D．commented答案D解析quote引用；continue继续；reply依靠；comment评论。由下文的“Iamsoproudofthem”可知，这是老师布莱恩评论的话语。故选D。15．A.donations B．supportC．patience D．efforts答案