第02讲Unit1单词词组短语知识点讲解

第02讲Unit1Themassmedia单词词组短语知识点讲解1．了解本单元的单词和词组等重要语言点。2．可以根据本节课的内容来完成一些习题。1.criticaladj.批评的,批判性的;关键的,危急的1)批判的;吹毛求疵的Studentsareencouragedtodevelopcriticalthinkinginsteadofacceptingeverythingtheyaretoldwithoutquestioning鼓励学生们养成批判性思维而不是毫无置疑地接受被告诉的一切。2)重大的;严重的;关键的Thefirst24hoursaftertheoperationarethemostcritical.术后24小时是最关键的。Thesetalksarecriticaltothefutureofthepeaceprocess.这些谈判对和平进程的前景至关要。[佳句赏读]感悟句意·背诵*Tom’sparentswerestronglycriticalofhisbehaviour.汤姆的父母对他的行为不满。*(2020·江苏高考)Theyoftencriticizedtheirfellowscientists.他们经常批评他们的科学家同行。*Benisverysensitive,hejustcan’ttakecriticism.本很敏感,简直接受不了批评。*Thoughweshouldrespectourelders,weshouldalsotaketheirwordscritically.虽然我们应该尊重前辈,但我们也应该批判性地听取他们的话。【词块积累】(1)criticizevt.&vi. 批评;评论;苛求criticizesb./sth.(forsth.) (因为……)批评某人/某事物(2)criticn. 批评家,评论家;爱挑剔的人criticismn. 批评;考证;苛求(3)criticallyadv. 精密地;危急地;批评性地;用钻研眼光地【巩固练习】①Thecoachcriticizedhim___notfocusingonhissoccerskills.②Idon’tliketoreadhisliterary________(critic).③Oneofher______(critic)accusedherofcaringonlyaboutsuccess.(2)Inthisclasswelearned_____________famousancientpaintingsofthisperiod.

在这堂课上我们学会了如何评论这一时期的古代名画。答案1.for2.criticism3.critics4.howtocriticize2.trapvt.使落入险境；卡住；绊住n．陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼1)把...困住，使陷入困境Havingbeentrappedintraffic,hewaslateforwork因为交通堵塞，他上班迟到了。2)设陷阱捕捉，夹住，卡住It’scrueltotrapbirds.捕鸟是残忍的。Itrappedmycoatinthecardoor.我的外衣被车门夹住了。3)留存，储存（气/水等）BecauseofthegreenhouseeffecttheEarthiswarmedbygasestrappedintheatmosphere.由于温室效应，储存在大气层中的气体使地球変暖。[佳句赏读]感悟句意·背诵*HetooktheMTRtrainincasehegottrappedintrafficjam.他乘搭地下铁路,以免因(路面)交通堵塞而受困。*Donotfallintothetrapofwaitingfordatathatjustdoesnotexist.不要苦等不存在的数据。*Shehadsetatrapforthewolfandithadwalkedstraightintoit.她给狼设了个陷阱,它径直走进了陷阱。【词块积累】(1)trapsb.into(doing)sth. 诱骗某人(做)某事be/gettrappedin 被困在……中,陷入困境(2)fallintothetrap(ofdoingsth.) 落入(做某事的)圈套【巩固练习】语法填空(1)Don’tfall____thetrapofinvestingallyourmoneyinoneplace.(2)Theshopkeepertrappedmeinto______(buy)theirpoorqualitymilk.(3)Weget_______(trap)inacycleofangerandhurt,andmissoutonthebeautyoflifeasithappens.【答案】1.into2.buying3.trapped3eabout发生(不及物动词短语，无被动语态)[佳句赏读]感悟句意·背诵*Theydidn’tknowhowthechangehadeabout.他们不知道这个变化是怎样发生的。*(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)She’stryingtoeupwithalabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitisecofriendly.她试图给海狸鼠的时尚贴上一个标签,以表明它是环保的。*Nothingaboutthissumhasetolight.这个数目一点也没被揭露。*Yourlanguageswillstandyouingoodsteadwhenitestofindingajob.你通晓几种语言,找工作时就会显出优势。【词块积累】eup 走近;上来;被提出;产生;开始eupwith 提出;想出;赶上eacross (偶然)遇见;发现;被理解eout 出来;出版;发行eto 来到(某地);总计;恢复知觉whenitesto... 当涉及/谈到……时[根据句意用e短语的正确形式填空](应用文之提建议)①Englishlearning，Ihavethefollowingpracticalsuggestionstosharewithyou.Firstly，whenyou②unfamiliarwords，don’talwaysrefertothedictionary.Furthermore，whenteachers’questions③inclass，youshouldmakegreateffortsto④answersandexpressyourideasproperlysothatyourmeaningcan⑤.Lastbutnotleast，ifyoufail，youmustsaytoyourself，“⑥！”【答案】1.Whenitesto2eacross3eup4eupwith5eacross4.conclusionn．结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成[佳句赏读]感悟句意·背诵*(2020•天津高考)ThisledJonestotheconclusionthattherearetoomanyextremelylonelypeopleinhismunity,whoareeasytargetsofcheating.这使琼斯得出结论,在他的社区里有太多的极度孤独的人,他们很容易成为欺骗的目标。*Inconclusion,walkingisacheap,safe,enjoyable,andreadilyavailableformofexercise.总之,散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣而又随时可以开展的运动形式。*Heconcludedfromtheirremarksthattheywerenotinfavouroftheplan.他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。*Theprogrammeconcludedwithafamoussong,MemorableTonight.演出节目以一首名曲《难忘今宵》结束。Wecansafelydrawsomeconclusionsfromourdiscussion.从讨论中我们可以有把握地得出一些结论。Theconclusionofthebookwasdisappointing.这部书的结尾令人失望。theexpectedconclusionofafreetradeagreementbetweenMexicoandtheUnitedStates墨西哥和美国之间自由贸易协议的如期达成【词块积累】(1)draw/eto/arriveat/reachaconclusion 得出结论inconclusion 总之;最后(2)concludev. 得出结论;总结;结束toconclude 最后;总之conclude...with... 以……结束……conclude(fromsth.)that... (从……中)推断出……[单句语法填空/一句多译]①Heconcludedtheirremarksthattheycontradictedtheplan.②conclusion，walkingisacheap，safe，enjoyableandreadilyavailableformofexercise.③我从我自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。→Ifrommyownexperiencesthatafriendinneedisafriendindeed.(conclusion)→Imyownexperiencesthatafriendinneedisafriendindeed.(conclude)【答案】1.from2.In3.cameto/reached/drewtheconclusion，concludedfrom5mittedadj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的；效忠的经典例句TuYouyou,amittedandpatientscientist,wasborninNingbo,China，on30December1930,andgraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.屠呦呦，一位坚定而有耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。*(2020·江苏高考)AndtensofmillionsinAfricaandAsiacanseebecauseofthemitmentWilsonmadetopreventingthepreventable.在非洲和亚洲,数千万人可以看到Wilson努力地阻止那些可以被预防的事件发生。Unfortunately,althoughVanGoghmittedhiswholebeingtopainting,hereceivedlittlerewardforhiseffort.遗憾的是,尽管梵高全身心地投入绘画,但他努力所得到的回报却微乎其微。Alotofthecrimeismittedbyaddictswhoneedmoneyfordrugs.许多犯罪都是由需要钱买毒品的瘾君子导致的。Youdon’thavetomityourselftohelp/helpingmeatthisstage.在这个阶段你不必向我承诺帮助我。Youshouldmitthemessagetomemory.你应当把这条消息记住。[知识拓展](1)mit...to 把……送交/托付给……； 对……作出承诺，承担义务， 担负责任；使(自己)致力于……mitoneselftodo/todoing... 承诺；保证做……mitacrime 犯罪(2)mittedadj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的mitmentn. 承诺；委托；承担义务[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子(1)AndtensofmillionsinAfricaandAsiacanseebecauseofthe___________________(mit)Wilsonmadetopreventingthepreventable.(2)Helovedplayingthisinstrument,andwasmittedto_____________________(practice)it.(3)Headmitsthatrecentlyhehasbeeaddictedto__________________(play)onlinegames.(4)Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimeto______________________(help)othersrebuildhomes.参考答案(1)mitment句意：在非洲和亚洲，数千万人可以看到是因为威尔逊努力阻止可以被防止的事件发生。根据空前的“the”可知，此处需要用名词。(2)practicing句意：他喜欢演奏这种乐器并坚持练习。词组bemittedto中的to为介词，后面需接动名词。(3)playing句意：他承认他最近沉迷于网络游戏。词组be/beeaddictedto中的to为介词，后面需接动名词。(4)helping句意：邻居们把自己的空闲时间用于帮助他人重建家园。词组devote...to...中的to为介词，后面需接动名词。6.differvi.相异；意见相左【教材原句】Forinstance,thenumbersofdeathsdifferinthetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfire.例如,在两篇有关亨德森大楼火灾的新闻报道中,死亡人数截然不同。(1)differin在……方面不同differfrom与……不同(2)differencen．不同之处makeadifference(to)(对……)起作用；有影响(3)differentadj.不同的bedifferentfrom...in...在……方面与……不同(4)differentlyadv.不同地①Peopleeachothertheirattitudestowardsfailure.人们对失败持有不同的态度。②Whatpuzzlesmemostabouttheplayishowwecanuseproperstagelanguagesfor(differ)roles.关于这个剧本，最让我迷惑的是对于不同的角色，我们该如何运用合适的舞台语言。③ThesurroundingsintheforestthoseIsawinourcity，thusimmediatelystimulatingmyinterest.森林里的环境和我在城市看到的很不一样，因此立刻激起了我的兴趣。④Aftertherace，wefeltthatnotonlydidtheeventtoourphysicalstate，butitalsohelpedusbuildapositiveattitudetowardslife.比赛结束后，我们感觉这次赛事不仅对我们的身体状态有影响，而且也有助于我们建立一种积极的人生态度。【答案】1.differfrom，in2.different3.werequitedifferentfrom4.makeadifference7.sumvt.总结,概括n.金额,款项,总和,总数;全部*Shedonatedalargesumofmoneytothecharity.她捐了一大笔钱给那个慈善机构。*Tosumup,Iwishyoucouldliveuptotheexpectationsofourschool.总而言之,我希望你能不辜负我们学校的期望。*Agoodstudentusuallyknowshowtosumupknowledgeingoodtime.好学生通常都知道如何及时迅速地总结知识。【词块积累】(1)sumup 总结;概述;计算……的总数tosumup 总之;概括地说(2)insum 总之;总而言之alargesumof 一大笔;大量的跟踪训练①，youshouldfirmlybelievethatallroadsleadtoRome.总之，你要坚信：条条大路通罗马。②Shehasdonatedtocharities，whichindicatesthatshe’snevercaredaboutpersonalwealth.她向慈善机构捐赠了一大笔钱，这表明她从不关心个人财富。③I’llatthemeeting.我将总结一下我们在会上所讨论的内容。④,nomatterwhatkindofchallengesIencounter,Iwillbravelyembracethefuture.总之，不管遇到什么样的挑战，我都会勇敢地拥抱未来。【答案】1.Tosumup2.alargesumofmoney3.sumupwhatwehavediscussed4.Insum/Tosumup8.curiosityn．好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品(1)outofcuriosity出于好奇meet/satisfyone’scuriosity满足某人的好奇心withcuriosity好奇地(2)curiousadj.求知欲强的；好奇的becuriousabout对……感到好奇becurioustodosth.极想做某事It’scuriousthat...真奇怪……(3)curiouslyadv.好奇地①Themajorbenefitisthattelevisioncanbyprovidingavarietyofprogrammes.主要的好处是电视可以通过提供各种节目来满足我们的好奇心。②Poppyjumpedwithjoyatthesightofthelittledogandloweredherheadtowatchit(curious)．看到这只小狗，Poppy高兴地跳了起来，并低下头好奇地看着它。③andlyingontopofthefoodwasmy$20bill.我好奇地打开纸袋，食物上面是我的20美元。【答案】1.meet/satisfyourcuriosity2.curiously3.Iopenedthepaperbagcuriously/withcuriosity9.IwasabouttohaveabathwhenIheardpeoplescreaminganddogsbarking.

我正要洗澡,突然听到有人在叫,狗在吠。【句式解构】beabouttodo...表示“即将发生的动作”,不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用,常用于beabouttodo...when...,意为“正要做……这时……”。*(2020·浙江高考)Thecurtainsareabouttoopen,andinafewminutestheactionanddialoguewilltellyouthestory.大幕就要拉开了,几分钟后动作和对话将告诉你整个故事。*TeriandKimareabouttoleavethecottagewhentheyhearsomeoneein.泰瑞和金姆正准备离开茅草屋,这时,她们听到有人进了屋子。*ItwasacoldnightinWashington,D.C.,andIwasheadingbacktothehotelwhenamanapproachedme.那是华盛顿一个寒冷的夜晚,我正往旅馆走,这时一个男子走近我。*Hardlyhadhelefttheroomwhenthetravelerentered.他刚离开房间,那客人就进来了。【重点提示】(1)bedoing...when...正在做……,这时……(2)beabouttodo...when... 正要做……这时……(3)hadhardlydone...when... 刚做完……这时……注意:使用“hadhardlydone...when...”结构时,hardly如果放在句首,主句要用部分倒装句式。【完成句子】①IgotobedIheardthedogbarking.我正打算睡觉，这时我听到小狗在汪汪地叫。②I(drive)downtoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.我正开着车去伦敦，这时我发现走错了路。③He(finish)hishomeworkwhenhismotheraskedhimtoplaythepiano.他刚写完作业，这时妈妈就让他去弹钢琴。④Ibythefieldinthecountrysidememoriesofmychildhoodbegantofloodin.我走在乡间的田野边上，这时童年的记忆如潮水般涌现。[一句多译]⑤我正要放弃，这时李老师鼓励我要坚持。→.(beaboutto...when...)→.(beonthepointof...when...)提示：例句中加灰底的词汇是本课时或前面课时的词汇复现，帮助学生及时巩固，循环复习。【答案】1.wasaboutto，when2.wasdriving3.hadfinished4.waswalking5.IwasabouttogiveupwhenMsLiencouragedmetokeepitup.6.IwasonthepointofgivingupwhenMsLiencouragedmetokeepitup10.accusevt.谴责，控诉[佳句赏读]感悟句意·背诵*Inresponse,somepeopleaccusecriticsandnewsreportersofbeingcheatedbytheentertainmentindustry.作为回应,一些人指责评论家和新闻记者受到了娱乐产业的欺骗。*Idon’twanttomakeanaccusationuntilIhavesomeproof.我要有一些证据以后才提出控告。【词块积累】(1)accusesb.of(doing)sth.=chargesb.with(doing)sth.指责/控告某人(做)某事(2)accusationn. 指责;谴责;控告【知识延伸】其他“v.+sb.ofsth.”结构的短语还有:①informsb.ofsth. 通知某人某事②robsb.ofsth. 抢劫某人某物③remindsb.ofsth. 提醒某人某事④warnsb.ofsth. 警告某人某事⑤curesb.ofsth. 治愈某人某病[单句语法填空/句型转换]①Thisfootballplayer(accuse)oftakingmoneyfornotscoringgoalsonpurpose.②Themanwhohadtakenchargeofthepanywaschargedwithtakingdrugs.→Themanwhohadbeeninchargeofthepany.(accuse)③Becausehewasaccusedofstealingmoney，themanwasbroughttothecourt.→，themanwasbroughttothecourt.(过去分词短语作状语)【答案】1.wasaccused2.wasaccusedoftakingdrugs3.Accusedofstealingmoney11.witnessvt.&vi.是发生……的时间或地点，见证；目击；作证；是…的迹象n．目击人，见证人；证人[佳句赏读]感悟句意·背诵※InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.(教材典句)在日本,看到有人使用这个手势的人可能认为它是“钱”的意思。※(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.然而,在目睹他们的母亲赢得学位的过程中孩子们已经学到了重要的一课。※Onewitnesstotheaccidentsaidthedriverappearedtobedrunk.那起事故的一个目击者说司机好像喝醉了。※Mycoworkerscangivewitnesstomyhonesty.我的同事都能为我的诚实作证。[知识拓展](1)witnesssth. 目击了某事witnessto(doing)sth. 证实，证明(做)某事witnessfor 为……作证(2)beawitnesstosth. 是某事的证据/证人bear/givewitnessto 做……的证人；为……作证[单句语法填空/单句写作]①What’smore，videosaboutthethreeyears’life，which(witness)thewholeprocessofourgrowth，wereplayed.②Theseniorhighschoolisawitnesshismitmenttothelocaleducation.③上个周末，星星农场见证了我们所有人度过的一段非常愉快的时光。【答案】1.witnessed2.to3.XingxingFarmwitnessedareallyenjoyabletimeforallofuslastweekend12.persuadevt.说服；使信服[佳句赏读]感悟句意·背诵*(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Idoknowhowupsettheshopstaffcanget,butItrytopersuadethemtokeepsmiling.我知道店员会有多生气,但我试着说服他们保持微笑。*Advertisementspersuadeusthatnewerisbetterandthatwewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts.广告说服我们越新越好,以及我们使用最新的产品会更开心。*Ipersuadehimintostudyinghardsothathecanrealizehisdreamsandliveabetterlife.我劝说他努力学习,这样他才能实现梦想,过上更好的生活。*Afteralittlegentlepersuasion,heagreedtoe.耐心劝说了一下,他就同意来了。【词块积累】(1)persuadesb.todosth.=persuadesb.intodoingsth.persuadesb.nottodosth.=persuadesb.outofdoingsth.persuadesb.ofsth./that...使某人相信……(2)persuasionn.说服;说服力;信念(3)persuasiveadj.有说服力的;劝诱的,劝说的[单句语法填空/句型转换/单句写作]①Whileshopping，peoplesometimescan’thelp(persuade)intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.②Inordertocutdowntheemissionofcarbondioxide，thecitizens(persuade)tocycletowork.③WhileIwaswillingtohelp，Ifounditdifficulttopersuadethemtochangetheirminds.→WhileIwaswillingtohelp，Ifounditdifficultto.④如果您能给我一些关于如何说服我的父母改变主意的建议，我将不胜感激。.【答案】1.beingpersuaded2.werepersuaded3.persuadethemintochangingtheirminds4.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldoffermesomeproposalsonhowtopersuademyparentstochangetheirminds13.absorbvt.理解，掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力(1)absorb...from...从……中吸收……o...把……吸收入/并入……absorboneselfin专心于；全神贯注于(2)absorbedadj.全神贯注的(be)absorbedin...全神贯注于……[佳句赏读]感悟句意·背诵①Plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairandmoisturefromthesoil.植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳，从泥土中吸收水分。②Theambitiousbossabsorbedthisbrandintohisownpany，whichwassurprising.③Thesekidsweresoabsorbedintheirstudiesthattheydidn’thearthescreaming.④Absorbedineverymoveofmine，theforeignstudentswereonceagainamazedbythisuniquecultureandtheycouldn’thelptakingpicturesfromtimetotime.[单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换]①Thejournalistswereabsorbing(they)intheeventwhensomethingstrangecameabout.②，wedidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.由于专心采摘，我们没有注意到夜幕正在降临。③Tomwassoabsorbedinhisworkthatheforgottoinformherofthepriority.→，Tomforgottoinformherofthepriority.(分词短语作状语)→heforgottoinformherofthepriority.(含so...that...的倒装句)【答案】1.themselves2.Absorbedinpicking3.Absorbedinhiswork4.SoabsorbedwasTominhisworkthat14.breakout(战争、火灾等)突然爆发,发生【词块积累】breakdown 分解;出故障;垮掉;崩溃breakin 强行进入;打断(谈话),插嘴breakinto 强行闯入;突然开始breakup 分手;解散;拆开breakthrough 取得突破;克服,战胜breakawayfrom 脱离(政党);打破(陈规、陋习)[佳句赏读]感悟句意·背诵*Mostoftheoccupantshadleftbeforethefirebrokeout.大多数人在火灾发生之前已经离开。*(2020·天津高考)Jones’ideahasbeenfullyrealized—the“HAPPYTOCHAT”bencheshelpbreakdowntheinvisiblesocialbarrierthatkeepspeoplefromsayinghello.琼斯的想法已经完全实现了——“乐意聊天”长椅有助于打破人们不打招呼的无形社会障碍。*He’saverytalentedyoungactorwho’sjustreadytobreakthrough.他是一名天赋很高、正待破茧而出的青年演员。*Whatcanwedotohelpthembreakawayfromthedifficultposition?我们能做什么来帮助他们摆脱困境呢?[即学即练]——完成句子①他的车在路上出故障了，那就是他开会迟到的原因。Hiscarontheway,andthatwaswhyhewaslateforthemeeting.②这个女孩挣脱她妈妈，跑了。Thegirlhermotherandranaway.③这个乐队大约在1970年解散，但是令人高兴的是，到了20世纪80年代中期他们再次相聚。Thebandabout1970,buthappilytheyreunitedinthemid­1980s.④在这一地区总有意想不到的事情发生。Somethingunexpectedalwaysinthisarea.⑤为了很快地进入着火的房子，消防队员拆了那面墙。Thefiremeninordertogainquickaccesstothebuildingonfire.【答案】1.brokedown2.brokeawayfrom3.brokeup4.breaksout5.brokedownthewall15.getacross被传达，被理解，把……讲清楚getawayfrom从……脱离；逃脱……getalong/onwith与……相处getdowntodoingsth.开始认真做某事getover克服困难；从……中恢复过来getthrough完成；接通；通过①ItwasstrangethatIspokeslowlybutmymeaningdidn’ttostudents.奇怪的是，我讲得很慢，但学生们仍不理解我的意思。②Irangthewitnessseveraltimesthismorningbutcouldnottohim.上午我给那个目击者打了几次，但是没能打通。③Aftermanydifficulties，thelocalgovernmentguaranteedtheschoolunderconstruction.克服了很多困难之后，当地政府确保了这所学校在建设中。④Weattemptedtothefiercebearbutinvain.我们试图摆脱这头凶猛的熊，但是白费功夫。⑤Hardlyhadwearrivedatthefarmwhenwe.我们一到农场就开始采摘橘子。⑥Inaddition，weshould.另外，我们应该学着如何和别人友好相处。【答案】1.getacross2.getthrough3.gettingover4.getawayfrom5.learnhowtogetalong/onwellwithothersⅠ.单句语法填空1.Rescuersfoundvictims__________(trap)severalfeetunderground.2.MrSharpwouldnotmentonthenatureoftheissues__________(investigate).

3.Thesalesfigureswon’t__________(release)untilsometimenextmonth.

4.Wecansafelydrawsome__________(conclude)fromourdiscussion.5.That’sapowerfullessononhowimportantitcanbeto__________(accurate)municatetoeachother.6.Heissucha__________(curiosity)boy,alwaysaskingquestions.7.Thepany’