山东省济宁市兖州区2025届高三英语下学期第一次网络模拟考试试题含解析

PAGE23-山东省济宁市兖州区2025届高三英语下学期第一次网络模拟考试试题（含解析）留意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheInternationalVoluntaryServicerunsanumberofYouthExchangesthroughouttheyear.YouthExchangesgivesmallgroupsof4-5youngpeopletheopportunitytotakepartinvolunteeringtripsabroadforanaverageoftwoweeks．Theseyoungpeoplearejoinedby4-5youngpeoplefrom3-4othernationalitiesandareawonderfulinterculturalexperienceinasafeenvironment.ExampleYouthExchanges：YouthExchange1Location：IrelandOthernationalities：Ireland，Spain，Italy，HungaryTheme：Focusesonthetopicofcommunityreconstructionandcommunityactivities—exploringhowlocalissuesfacingourcommunitiesareconnectedtoglobalissues．Thegroupwillalsolearnabouttheeco-villageasanexampleofacommunityandtakepartinteam-buildingactivities.YouthExchange2Location：FranceOthernationalities：Bulgaria，Italy，FranceTheme：Organicgardening&continualliving．Thisprojectwilltakeplaceinanaturalpark，wherethegroupwilltakepartingardeningactivitiesandgames／workshopsaboutcontinuousdevelopment．YouthExchange3Location：MacedoniaOthernationalities：Serbia，Turkey，IrelandTheme：Fostersocialinclusionandmotivatepersonaldevelopmentofyoungpeoplethroughsportsandoutdooractivities．Promoteoutdooractivitiesasatooltohelpinclusionofyoungpeoplewithfeweropportunities．YouthExchange4Location：ItalyOthernationalities：Italy，Bulgaria，GreeceTheme：AsociaI-environmentalprojectthatintendstopromotesocialinclusionandcontinuabledevelopment，regardedasaprocessofcivilrightsandactivecitizenship.Over10days,thegroupwillparticipateinactivitiestoraiseawarenessabouttheeffectofourbehaviorontheenvironment．1.WhatdoyoufocusonwhentravellinginFrance?A.Gardeningwork.B.Civilrights.C.Developingsocialinclusion.D.Rebuildingcommunities.2.Ifyouareinterestedinprotectingtheenvironment，youcantakepartin________.A.YouthExchange1 B.YouthExchange2C.YouthExchange3 D.YouthExchange43.WhichnationalityareYouthExchangesmostpopularwith?A.Spain． B.Italy. C.Ireland. D.France.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几项青年沟通项目。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文中Theme：Organicgardening&continualliving.可知，法国旅游主要集中在园艺方面。故选A。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文中Theme：AsociaI-environmentalprojectthatintendstopromotesocialinclusionandcontinuabledevelopment，regardedasaprocessofcivilrightsandactivecitizenship.可知，YouthExercise4是关于环保的。故选D。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。文中四则消息中，三则都包括意大利，故推断意大利最流行。故选B。BCoralreefs(珊瑚礁)arenotjustbeautifultolookat,butalsoveryuseful.Theyshelternearly25％ofoceanlifeandprovidefoodforbillionsofpeople.However,likemanyotherspecies,thisamazingecosystem(生态系统)isindangerofdyingout!Therearetwomainreasonsforthedestruction—therisingcarbondioxidelevelscausedbyglobalwarmingaswellashumaninfluenceslikebottomoperation.Whilenotmuchcanbedoneabouttheformer,thelosscausedbythelattercanbereduced.Bottomoperationinvolvesdroppingnetstotheoceanbedandthendraggingthemupwhenfilledwithfish.Thisactiondamagedtheoceanfloor,causingthecoralbranchestoseparatefromthereefs.Whilethatisverydiscouraging,thegoodnewsisthatifthesebranchesarefoundquickly,theycanbesaved.Atpresent,thatworkisbeingperformedbyvolunteerdivers.Butthemethodhasonlylimitedsuccessbecausetheycannotstaylongunderwater,norreachdepthsofover200meterswheresomeofthedeep-seacoralgrows.However,thisisnotthecaseforCoralbots—therobotsthatcanconstantlyseekoutbrokenbranches.Ateamof“coralbots”,eachindividuallyworkingtosimpleruleswillpiecetogetherdamagedbitsofcoral,allowingthemtoregrow.Theyareprogrammedtobeabletodistinguishbetweenotherthingsandthecoral.Therobotsworktogetheringroups,similartobees.Ifonecoralbotisdamaged,thentheotherswillstillbeabletocompletethetask.DrLea-AnneHenrysaid:“Theprojectofusingcoralbotsoffersusthepossibilitytorestore(修复)thefunctionofreefs.Itisinthefinalstageoftesting.Onceready,theresearchershopetobuildhundredsofthemandusethemeffectivelyinthewatersoffScotlandandthenhopefullyintheoceansacrosstheworld.”4.Whichofthefollowingisacauseofthedangerthatcoralreefsarefacing?A.Theappearanceofnewcreatures.B.Theseriouslypollutedseawater.C.Theactivitiesofvolunteerdivers.D.Humanactivitieslikebottomoperation.5.Comparedwithvolunteerdivers,coralbots________.A.canstaylongerunderwaterB.mustworkasbeesdoC.candistinguishwhatiscoralD.canneverbedamaged6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Coralbots. B.Brokenbranches.C.Workingbees. D.Bitsofcoral.7.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A.bottomoperationhasaffectedmostunderwatercreaturesB.brokenbranchesofcoralcanregrowifsavedintimeC.hundredsofthecoralbotshaveworkedwellintheoceansD.withthecoralbotsalldamagedcoralreefscanberestored【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了珊瑚礁所面临的问题以及应对的方法。珊瑚礁由于全球变暖以及人类的一些海底作业而面临灭亡。对此，Coralbots却是一个挽救珊瑚礁的好帮手，它可以长时间呆在水下以帮助受损的珊瑚礁重新生长。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段的Therearetwomainreasonsforthedestruction—therisingcarbondioxidelevelscausedbyglobalwarmingaswellashumaninfluenceslikebottomoperation.可知，造成这种破坏的主要缘由有两个：一是全球变暖导致的二氧化碳水平上升，二是海底作业等人类活动的影响。由此可知，人类海底作业是导致珊瑚礁面临灭亡的一个主要缘由。故选D。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段最终的Butthemethodhasonlylimitedsuccessbecausetheycannotstaylongunderwater,norreachdepthsofover200meterswheresomeofthedeep-seacoralgrows.(但这种方法的效果有限，因为他们不能在水下停留很长时间，也不能到达200多米深的海底，那里生长着一些深海珊瑚)以及第四段的However,thisisnotthecaseforCoralbots—therobotsthatcanconstantlyseekoutbrokenbranches.(然而，Coralbots并非如此，机器人可以不断地找寻断裂的树枝)可知，志愿者不能长时间呆在水下，但是Coralbots可以长时间呆在水下。故选A。【6题详解】词义揣测题。依据划线词后的andusethemeffectivelyinthewatersoffScotlandandthenhopefullyintheoceansacrosstheworld.可知，在苏格兰海疆有效地运用它们，希望在世界各地的海洋中也能如此。由此可知，划线词them指代的是上文提到的Coralbots，因为要用这样东西来修复珊瑚礁。故选A。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段的Whilethatisverydiscouraging,thegoodnewsisthatifthesebranchesarefoundquickly,theycanbesaved.可知，珊瑚礁假如被损后再短时间内修复还是可以的，选项B正确；选项A未涉及；依据最终一段的Itisinthefinalstageoftesting.可知，它处于测试的最终阶段，选项C错误；而依据thenhopefullyintheoceansacrosstheworld可知，修复全部珊瑚礁只是有希望，而不是肯定会被修复，故选项D错误。故选B。CI’mastudentinmythirdyearatRobertGordonUniversity,butIalsowork35hoursaweekatSainsbury’stomakeendsmeet.Iconstantlyhavetoforcemyselftostayawake,andtobealert,whateverittakes.TheworkIdoatSainsbury’sisveryphysicallikestackingshelves.IamluckybecausetheamountIliftatworkisnothingcomparedwiththeweightIliftinthegym.IknowIhavethestrengthtobearit.IamoriginallyfromNigeria.IcameherewhenIwasseven.Moneywasalwaystight.MyparentsgavemeeverythingIneeded,buttherewasnomoneyforluxuries.Iworkedhardatschoolthoughand,withthehelpofprofessors,IgotthebestA-levelgradesinmyclass.Unfortunately,thoughIhadappliedfor“settled”BritishresidentialstatustheHomeOfficewaiteduntilIwasinsixthformtoapprovemyapplication.ThatmeantIwasnoteligibleforastudentloan.TheonlywayIcouldaffordtogotouniversitywasthatIgotajobthatwouldpayforallmylivingcostsandmyparentspaidformytuitionfees.Idon’thavemuchtimetosocializebecauseofmyjob.Ideally,IdliketohavemoretimetostudysoIcanexcelatmycourse.Yes,Ihavealotonmyplate,butworkinghardisntnewforme.Growingup,myparentscultivatedinmetheimportanceofworkinghardforwhatIwantinlife.MydreamistogetajobintheNHS.Butnow,ImjustfocusedontryingtogetthebestgradesIcan.WheneverIfindlifehard,Itellmyselfthisisaboutmyfuture.8.Whydoestheauthorworklonghoursandsometimesovertimeeveryweek?A.Topayforhisownlivingexpenses B.TopayforhistuitionfeesC.Toprovehisabilitytoearnmoney D.Tohelphisparentspayoffthedebts9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eligible”inParagraph4referto?A.Responsible. B.Anxious.C.Qualified. D.Accessible.10.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbeusedtodescribetheauthor?A.Persistent. B.Diligent.C.Sociable. D.Ambitious.11.Whichproverbcanbestsummarizethepassage?A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. B.Godhelpthosewhohelpthemselves.C.Apennysavedisapennyearned. D.Wherethereislife,thereishope.【答案】8.A9.C10.C11.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者是RobertGordon高校三年级的一名学生，他每周要在Sainsbury工作35个小时来维持生计。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段最终一句TheonlywayIcouldaffordtogotouniversitywasthatIgotajobthatwouldpayforallmylivingcostsandmyparentspaidformytuitionfees.(我上得起高校的唯一方法是找一份能支付我全部生活费用的工作，而我的父母支付我的学费)可知，作者每周要工作很长时间，有时还要加班是为了自己支付生活费用。故选A。【9题详解】词义揣测题。依据上文Unfortunately,thoughIhadappliedfor“settled”BritishresidentialstatustheHomeOfficewaiteduntilIwasinsixthformtoapprovemyapplication.(不幸的是，尽管我申请了“定居”英国的居住身份，但英国内政部始终等到我上六年级时才批准了我的申请)可推想，作者不符合学生贷款的“资格”，故划线部分单词意思为“合格的，有资格的”。A.Responsible.负责的；B.Anxious.着急的；C.Qualified.有资格的；D.Accessible.易接近的。故选C。【10题详解】推断推理题。依据倒数其次段第一句Idon’thavemuchtimetosocializebecauseofmyjob.(因为我的工作，我没有太多的时间去社交)可推想，作者并不是一个擅长社交的人。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。依据文章内容可知，诞生于一个家庭经济状况惊慌的作者为了上高校，每周坚持工作35个小时，并且始终保持着全班最好的成果，作者这种不懈努力的行为体现了“天助自助者”。故选B。DIhavetwokids,aboyandagirl.Idon’tworryaboutmygirl;I’msureshe’llbewelltrainedinmixedmartialarts.Iworryaboutmyson.I’mprettysurehe’sgoingtobefeminine(女性化的).Sorrytosaythat,butlet’sfaceit.Nodadwantshissontogofeminine.Attheratewe’removinginacoupleofyearsyouwon’tbeabletotellthedifferencebetweenboysandgirlsSoundextreme?Thinkaboutthis.Ineverymoviewhereadvancedtime-travelingbeingscometoourplanetthere’soneconstant:Youcan’ttellthemalealiensfromthefemalealiens!Butthat’sthefuture.Kidstodayaresoftandfat.Peopleaskwhy.Isitjunkfood?No.Junkfoodhasbeenaroundforfiftyyears.Isitvideogames?No.Videogameshavebeenaroundforthirtyyears.Noneofthekidsplayingthembackinthedaywereterriblyobese.We’reallscratchingourheadstryingtofigureoutwhatwe’veintroducedtosocietytoruinourkids.Butit’snotanythingwe’veaddedthathasruinedourkids.It’sstuffwe’vegottenridof.Takethegymropeforexample.Rememberthatthingthatstretchedfromthefloortotheceilinginyourgymclassthatyoucouldneverclimb?Mostofthekidscouldn’tmakeittothetop.Butthatwasn’tthepoint;thepointwasyouhadtotrywhilesomemiddle-agedguywhocouldn’tmakeitupaflightofstairsshoutedatyou.Weshouldhaveputoursononthatrope,andgivenhimaheadstart,butwedidn’twanttoshametheboy,sowetookitdown.Takingdowntheropewouldbeagoodideaiftherewerenoropesinlife.Butthey’reeverywhere.Youjustcan’tseethem.They’reineverygoalunrealizedandexpectationnotmet.Thepointeveryonemissedabouttheropeisyouweren’tsupposedtomakeittothetop.Itwastheretocreateafirethatburnedintheoversizedbellyofeverykid.12.Whatistheexampleofaliensusedtoshow?A.Girlsaregrowinglikeboys. B.Boysaregoingfeminine.C.Therearereallytime-travelingbeings. D.Alienmoviesarepopularwithchildren.13.Whatcauseskidstodaytobesoftandfat?A.Junkfood. B.Videogames.C.Stuffintroducedtosociety. D.Thingsremovedfromsociety.14.Howdoestheauthorfindteenagerstoday?A.Theyhavetoomuchdignity. B.Theyareoverprotected.C.Theyarelessindependent. D.Theyarethoughttoohighlyof.15.Whatdoestheropeprobablysymbolize?A.Goals. B.Expectations.C.Competition. D.Assistance.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.C【解析】本文是一篇争论文。本文主要论述了现在的男孩越来越女性化，而他们变得女性化的缘由是父母亲过多的爱护孩子，而没有让男孩子自己去承受一些他们应当承受的东西。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段中Iworryaboutmyson.I’mprettysurehe’sgoingtobefeminine(女性化的).Sorrytosaythat,butlet’sfaceit.Nodadwantshissontogofeminine.(我担忧我的儿子。我很确定他会很有女人味。很愧疚这么说，但是让我们面对现实吧。没有爸爸想让他的儿子变得女性化)及其次段中的Ineverymoviewhereadvancedtime-travelingbeingscometoourplanetthere’soneconstant:Youcan’ttellthemalealiensfromthefemalealiens!(在每一部有先进的时间旅行生物来到我们星球的电影中，都有一个不变的事实:你分不清男性外星人和女性外星人！)可知，作者举外星人的例子是进一步说明想告知我们现在男孩越来越女性化。故选B。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段最终一句Butit’snotanythingwe’veaddedthathasruinedourkids.It’sstuffwe’vegottenridof.(但并不是我们添加的任何东西毁了我们的孩子。这些东西我们已经处理掉了)可知，是因为我们抛弃了一些社会准则导致了今日的孩子又软又胖、变得女性化了。故选D。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段中Weshouldhaveputoursononthatrope,andgivenhimaheadstart,butwedidn’twanttoshametheboy,sowetookitdown.(我们应当把儿子放在那根绳子上，让他领先一步，但我们不想让孩子感到羞愧，所以我们把绳子取了下来)可知，作者认为今日的青少年被过多地爱护了。故选B。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据文中最终两段可知，这里的rope指的是竞争，父母为了不损害孩子，他们把标准降低了。故选C。其次节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyonewantstoachievehappinessandsmile．___16___Howdowefindrealhappinessandsmile?Bygettingrich?Incaseyouarescratchingyourhead，lookingforsomereasonsorideastobehappy．Hereareafew．16.Throwanimpromptu(即兴的)party．___2___Animpromptuoneincreasesthejoytoanewlevel．Andofcoursemakingotherpeoplehappyisboundtohavethesameeffectonyou．17.Treatyourself.Sometimesallittakestomakeonehappyisalittleindulgence(放纵)．So，goaheadandgrabacupofcoffeeandsitinsideablanketwithagoodbook!Youwillbesurprisedathowhappyitmakesyou．18.___3___.Happinesscanbetransformed!Whenwefeelhappyandexcited，itcanliftthespiritsofothers．Yoursimplegesturecantransformaperson’sdayandgethimorherpreparedtotakeonanychallenge．19.Haveaconversationwithaparent．Ifyouarelikemostkids，youpossiblyspendmoretimetextingorsurfingtheInternetthantalkingtoyourfamily．___4___Youwillbesurprisedatthefeelingofjoythatitbringstoyou．20.Finally，don’tforgettobehappyeveryday!WhileInternationalDayofHappinessmaycomeaboutonlyonceayear，happinessisaroundyoualldayandnight___5___A.Youjusthavetoseekitoutandgrabit．B.MostofyourfamilymembersshownointerestintextingortheInternet．C.Butlifeishard，soitisverydifficulttofindrealhappinessandsmile．D.Befriendlytoothersandsmileatastranger．E.Setasideyourmobilephoneforafewminutesandhaveachatwithafamilymember．F.YoushouldtrytocelebratetheDayofHappinesseverydayandeverywhere．G.Nothingmakespeoplehappierthanbeinginvitedtoaparty.【答案】16.C17.G18.D19.E20.A【解析】本文是说明文。每个人都想获得欢乐和微笑，但是怎样才能找到真正的欢乐和微笑呢？这篇文章将会给你一些建议。【16题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理推断实力。依据上文内容可知每个人都想获得欢乐和微笑，而下文意为“我们如何才能找到真正的欢乐和微笑呢？”C项意为“但是生活艰难，很难找到真正的欢乐与微笑”，正好起到了承上启下的作用。故选C。【17题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理推断实力。依据上文可知建议你举办一个即兴的聚会，G项意为“没有什么比被邀请参与聚会更让人兴奋”，与上句连接，故选G。【18题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理推断实力。依据下文的Whenwefeelhappyandexcited，itcanliftthespiritsofothers.可知，当我们快乐和兴奋时，也会使他人心情好。D项意为“对他人友好，对生疏人微笑”，能概括本段内容，适合作为本段标题。故选D。【19题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理推断实力。依据上文的Ifyouarelikemostkids，youpossiblyspendmoretimetextingorsurfingtheInternetthantalkingtoyourfamily．可知，作者提到了大部分孩子上网和玩手机时间比和家人谈话要多，从而建议短暂放下手机，E项“把手机放在一边和家人谈一谈”表达了此内容。故选E。【20题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理推断实力。依据第一段的lookingforsomereasonsorideastobehappy可知，作者希望你能找到理由去快乐，上句“华蜜与你日夜相伴”，A项“找到华蜜并抓住华蜜”与上句连接。故选A。其次部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwascomingbackfromhomelateatnightina“Sharing”minivan(厢式货车).InHydera-bad,India,itisacheapandquickformof___21___.Thevandriverpickedupasmanyas13peopleattimesinavehiclewhichis___22___forthetransportof8.Soourvanwasvery___23___.Makingherwaytothe___24___ofthevan,aschoolgirlwithabag___25___thedrivertostop.Whilegettingdown,sheslippedandfell.Noneofus___26___it,asitwasdarkoutside.Thedriverwas___27___forhertopay.Itwasthenthatwesawthatthegirlwasonher___28___bythesideoftheroad.AnotherpassengerandIgotdown___29___andheldherup.Evenin_____30_____,sheheldupanoteandaskedustopaythedriver.Theother_____31_____passengertookthenoteandpaidthedriver.My_____32_____wasafewhundredmetersaway.Asagirl,IknewI’dgetoffandstaywithherinthe_____33_____.SoIpaidupthedriverfor_____34_____andhedroveawaywiththeotherpassengers.Ineither_____35_____hernordidIknowwhattodo.ButIwasthere,givingsomecomfortingwordstothegirlinpain.Ilookedforaplaceforhertosit.ThenIphonedherfriendandwaitedthere.Shewasrushedtoanearbycliniclater.21.A.1ife B.transport C.activity D.communication22.A.designed B.bought C.organized D.powered23.A.heavy B.noisy C.crowded D.awkward24.A.driver B.window C.door D.seat25A.guided B.suggested C.admitted D.signaled26.A.noticed B.managed C.recognized D.stood27.A.caring B.reaching C.waiting D.planning28.A.back B.knees C.feet D.own29.A.immediately B.doubtfully C.naturally D.anxiously30.A.silence B.surprise C.vain D.pain31.A.patient B.helpful C.generous D.secret32.A.home B.stop C.car D.school33.A.dark B.rain C.wind D.van34.A.himself B.herself C.myself D.itself35.A.ignored B.persuaded C.promised D.knew【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.C25.D26.A27.C28.B29.A30.D31.B32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲说了作者乘坐厢式货车时看到一个小女孩下车时不当心摔倒，虽然自己还没有到站，但是选择下车陪伴这个女孩，并帮助她联系挚友接她去诊所。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在印度的海得拉巴，它是一种廉价而快捷的交通工具。A.1ife生活，生命；B.transport运输，交通工具；C.activity活动；D.communication沟通。依据句意和语境，主语“it”应是指前文提及的a“Sharing”minivan，因此可知，它在印度应是交通工具之一。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名厢式货车司机有时在一辆专为8人设计的车上搭载多达13人。A.designed设计；B.bought购买；C.organized组织；D.powered为……供应动力。分析可知，“whichis___2___forthetransportof8”应是之前名词avehicle的定语从句，结合语境可知，这种车本设计为载客量为8人却载了13个人。故选A【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此我们的车很拥挤。A.heavy重的，大量的；B.noisy热闹的，有噪音的；C.crowded拥挤的；D.awkward令人尴尬的。依据前文“Thevandriverpickedupasmanyas13peopleattimesinavehiclewhichis___2___forthetransportof8.”提及原本载客量为8人的车载客13人，因此很拥挤。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个提着包的女学生向车门口走去，示意司机停车。A.driver司机；B.window窗户；C.door门；D.seat座位。依据后文“aschoolgirlwithabag___5__thedrivertostop.Whilegettingdown,sheslippedandfell.”可知，这个女孩要下车，要先走到车门处才可以。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个提着包的女学生向车门口走去，示意司机停车。A.guided给……导游，给……指路；B.suggested建议，表明；C.admitted承认；D.signaled(打手势或发声音)向……示意，发信号。依据后文“Whilegettingdown”说明她要下车，示意司机停车。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们谁也没有留意到，因为外面很黑。A.noticed留意；B.managed管理；C.recognized分辨；D.stood站立。依据后文“asitwasdarkoutside(因为外面很黑)”可知，由于外面比较黑，没有人留意到这个小女孩下车时摔倒了。故选A项。27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：司机等着这个女孩付乘车费A.caring关切，在乎；B.reaching到达；C.waiting等待；D.planning支配。依据空后介词for，所选动词应与for连用构成固定结构，waitforsb.todosth.“等待某人做某事”用在句中表达这个司机等着这个女孩付乘车费。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我们看到那个女孩跪倒在路边。A.back后背；B.knees膝盖；C.feet脚；D.own自己的。依据前文“Whilegettingdown,sheslippedandfell.”提及她下车时踩空磕在地上了，且后文“heldherup(把她扶起来)”可知，她跪倒在地了。onone’sknees“跪在地上，倒下”。故选B项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我和另一名乘客马上下车，把她扶了起来。A.immediately马上；B.doubtfully怀疑地，模糊地；C.naturally自然地；D.anxiously担忧地，忧虑地。依据后文“heldherup”可知，作者和另一名乘客应是下车将她扶起，此处用A项immediately(马上，马上)可表达作者和这位乘客下车帮忙的心情。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管很痛，她还是举起一张纸币，要我们付钱给司机。A.silence缄默；B.surprise惊喜，惊异；C.vain徒劳；D.pain难受。依据前文“Whilegettingdown,sheslippedandfell.”可知，她下车时踩空摔倒在地，对于女孩来说应当很痛。故选D项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一位热心的乘客拿了纸条，付了钱给司机。A.patient耐性的；B.helpful有帮助的，情愿帮忙的；C.generous慷慨的；D.secret隐私的。依据前文“sheheldupanoteandaskedustopaythedriver.(她举起一张纸币，要我们付钱给司机)”可知，她在恳求帮忙，而另外一个帮助了她将钱递给司机。故选B项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下车的车站还有几百米远。A.home家；B.stop车站；C.car汽车；D.school学校。依据句意和语境可知，这里的“afewhundredmetersaway(几百米之外)”可知，此处是作者要下车的车站。故选B项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个女孩，我知道我应当下车在黑暗中陪伴女孩。A.dark黑暗；B.rain雨；C.wind风；D.van客货车，厢式送货车。依据前文“Iwascomingbackfromhomelateatnightina“Sharing”minivan”提及事情发生在晚上，且依据前文可知，女孩下车时踩空摔倒在地，受伤了，作者从自己也是女孩的角度动身认为自己应当下车和她一起在黑暗中陪着她。故选A项。【34题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：我就付了我的乘车费，司机载着其他乘客开走了。A.himself他自己；B.herself她自己；C.myself我自己；D.itself它自己。依据前文“Asagirl,IknewI’dgetoffandstaywithherinthe___13__.”可知，作者要下车，应当付乘车费给司机。payformyself“为自己支付”。故选C项。35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我既不相识她，也不知道该干什么。A.ignored忽视，忽视；B.persuaded劝告，劝服；C.promised答应，承诺；D.knew知道。结合语境可知，作者和这个女孩搭乘一辆车，并不相识彼此。故选D项。【点睛】利用句间逻辑关系选出正确答案在此，我们发觉所谓逻辑关系并不抽象，它往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来体现。当然，句子的逻辑关系也不肯定体现在一句话的内部，它还可以渗透到篇章的层面上，在句与句之间表现出来。比如文章第3小题：Thevandriverpickedupasmanyas13peopleattimesinavehiclewhichis___2___forthetransportof8.Soourvanwasvery___3___.3.A.heavyB.noisyC.crowdedD.awkward依据前后句子的意思可推出两句间的逻辑关系是因果，前文为缘由“8人车承载了13个乘客”，因此后文结果应是“拥挤的”。故而答案为C项。其次节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TraditionalearthenbuildingsListedasaWorldCulturalHeritagein2008,tulouorearthenbuildingsareuniqueruraldwellings(住宅)inthe___36___(mountain)areaineastChina'sFujianProvince.Thebuildings___37___(appear)intheSongandYuandynasties,andtook___38___(they)currentshapesintheMingandQingdynasties.SomeoftheHakkaandHoklopeoplestillliveinthetulou.Thebuildingswere___39___(original)forHakkafamiliestolivetogetheranddefend___40___theinvaders.Theyevolvedfromlocalmountaincamps,mostof___41___tookacircularstructure.MostoftheearthenbuildingshavebeendevelopedsinceitwasputontheList,andthenumberoftourists___42___(rise)dramatically.LinJianweniscurrentlythesixthgenerationownerofZhenchengBuilding___43___(build)in1912.Linwentbackhomeandinheritedthebuilding,turningitintoahomestayhotel.Inpeaktime,thereare200peoplefrom27families___44___(live)init.Heruns___45___businesswithhisfamilyandtakesgoodcareofthevisitors.WelcomingtouristsfromallovertheworldmakesLin'slifemorecolorfulinthevillage.【答案】36.mountainous37.appeared38.their39.originally40.against41.which42.hasrisen43.built44.living45.the【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在2008年被收录到世界文化遗产的福建土楼。文章还介绍了福建土楼的历史、以往的功能等。同时，还通过例子介绍了福建土楼现今作为民宿发展的这一经济作用。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：2008年被列为世界文化遗产的土楼建筑，是中国东部福建省山区独一无二的农村住宅。分析句子可知，area为名词，意为“区域；地区”，因此需形容词在前作定语对其进行修饰。故填mountainous。【37题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这些建筑出现在宋元时期，定形在明清时期。分析句子可知，宋元时期为过去的时间点，发生在过去时间点的事情用一般过去时即可。故填appeared。【38题详解】考查物主代词。句意：这些建筑出现在宋元时期，定形在明清时期。分析句子可知，下文currentshapes为名词短语，此处应天形容词性物主代词。故填their。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：这些建筑最初是为了客家人的共同居住和抵挡侵略者而建立的。分析句子可知，修饰动词livetogether和defendagainst时应运用副词形式，故填originally。【40题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这些建筑最初是为了客家人的共同居住和抵挡侵略者而建立的。分析句子可知，此处为固定词组defendagainst，意为“保卫；反抗；抵挡；防卫”。故填against。【41题详解】考查关系代词。句意：它们时从当地的山区营地演化而来的，其中大多数都实行了圆形结构。分析句子可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，且是of+关系代词的结构。先行词camps为物，从句中缺少主语成分，因此需运用which在从句中作主语。故填which。【42题详解】考查动词时态。句意：大部分土楼在被列入名录以后发展起来，游客数量急剧上升。分析句子可知，since引导时间状语从句时，主句一般运用现在完成时，从句运用一般过去时，表示从“起先”被列入名录以来，土楼的发展和游客数量的上升在持续。且句中and需连接时态、语态始终的词语，前句中运用了现在完成时，空处也应运用现在完成时。thenumberof+名词复数形式时，其谓语要用三单形式，故填hasrisen。【43题详解】考查非谓语。句意：林健文是1912年建成的镇城土楼的第六代业主。分析句子可知，ZhenchengBuilding和build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填built。【44题详解】考查非谓语。句意：在高峰时期，一共有来自27个家庭的200口人住在这里。分析句子可知，本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，因此需运用live作非谓语动词。live与逻辑主语peopleandfamilies之间是主谓关系，故填living。【45题详解】考查定冠词。句意：他和他的家人一起做生意，并且把客人们都照看的很好。后文中的business指代的是前文中出现的ahomestayhotel民宿生意，前文中出现过的内容，后文再次出现时应运用定冠词the。故填the。【点睛】介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，是定语从句中一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系，在此结构中，关系代词只能用which（指物）或whom（指人）。但有些动词短语搭配不能拆分，介词只能放在动词后，如：lookfor，lookafter，payattentionto等等。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你的英国挚友Allen为中国目前的新冠状病毒疫情制作了一个加油视频寄给了你。请写一封感谢信，内容包括：1.表示感谢；2.描述你的现状；3.表达信念。留意：1.词数80字左右；2.可以适当增加细微环节，以使行文连贯；参考词汇：新冠状病毒疫情：thenovelcoronavirusepidemic疫情防控：epidemicpreventionandcontrolDearAllen,DearAllen,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearAllen,WordsfailedmewhenIwatchedyourvideo.Itrulyappreciateyourloveandsupport.Thenewsemesteropeningdateispostponedduetotheoutbreakofthenovelcoronavirusepidemic.MyclassmatesandIarestayingathomeandtakingonlinecourses,whichisbeneficialtotheepidemicpreventionandcontrol.Thoughwearefacingabigchallenge,eachofusisdefinitelyconvincedthatwecangetthroughthehardtimesandwinthebattle!Mayourfriendshiplastforever!Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，表达对挚友的感谢以及描述自己的现状和信念。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：依据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：三段式结构。第一段表达感谢；其次段描述自己的现状；第三段表达信念。要求：1.表达感谢（appreciate）2.描述自己的现状1）学校推迟开学（openingdateispostponed）2）参与网路课程（takeonlinecourses）3.表达信念（beconvincedthat）其次步：列提纲（重点词组）dueto;takeonlinecourses;bebeneficial;faceachallenge;beconvincedthat第三步：连词成句1.Thenewsemesteropeningdateispostponedduetotheoutbreakofthenovelcoronavirusepidemic.2.MyclassmatesandIarestayingathomeandtakingonlinecourses,whichisbeneficialtotheepidemicpreventionandcontrol.3.Thoughwearefacingabigchallenge,eachofusisdefinitelyconvincedthatwecangetthroughthehardtimesandwinthebattle!依据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，留意主谓一样和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（连接词）连句成文，留意运用恰当的连词进行句子之间的连接与过渡，书写肯定要规范清楚，第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。1）作者在范文中运用了主从复合句，如：MyclassmatesandIarestayingathomeandtakingonlinecourses,whichisbeneficialtotheepidemicpreventionandcontrol.(我和我的同学呆在家里，参与网络课程，这对防疫工作很有帮助)这句话运用了which引导非限制性定语从句。Thoughwearefacingabigchallenge,eachofusisdefinitelyconvincedthatwecangetthroughthehardtimesandwinthebattle!(虽然我们面临着巨大的挑战，但我们每个人都坚信，我们能够度过困难时期，赢得战斗！)这句话运用了though引导让步状语从句，且that引导宾语从句。2）运用了一些固定词组，如dueto;takeonlinecourses;bebeneficial;faceachallenge等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的实力。另外，文章思路清楚、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。其次节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，依据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Itwasthefirstdayofournewgrade.Everyoneintheclassroomwaschattinghappilyexcitedtoseeeachotheragainafterthelongholidays.Whenthedoorslidopen,allofusstoppedtalkingandturnedtolook.IncameourteacherMs.Sullivan,followedbyanordinary-lookingboy,“Thisboy’snameisRafael.”Ms.Sullivanannounced.“He’satransferstudent(转校生),