江苏省淮中天一海门南师附中四校2025届高三英语4月调研联考试题含解析

PAGE33-江苏省（淮中、天一、海门、南师附中）四校2025届高三英语4月调研联考试题（含解析）留意事项考生在答题前请仔细阅读本留意事项及各题答题要求1.本试卷满分为120分，考试时间为120分钟。2.答卷前，务必将姓名、班级、学号、考场号、座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.请用0.5亳米黑色签字笔按题号在答题卡指定区域作答，在其它位置作答一律无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节:听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatdoesthemanalwaysdoonSaturday?A.Seeafilm.B.Haveaclass.C.Reviewhisnotes.2.Howdoesthewomandealwithdifficultlectures?A.Byrecordingthem.B.Bytalkingwithlecturers.C.Byattendingthemagain.3.Wherewillthemanfetchhisnotebook?A.Inthelibrary.B.Intheclassroom.C.Intheteachers'office.4.Whatkindofmusicdoesthemanbftenlistento?A.Jazzmusic.B.Classicalmusic.C.Rockmusic.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Sarah'shappyretirement.B.Theman'sartclasses.C.Theirhobbies其次节：听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白，读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题6.Whydoesthemanapologizetothewoman?A.Helostherdictionary.B.Hemadeherdeskdirty.C.Hedamagedherglasses.7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Buyheranicecream.B.Lookupsomenewwords.C.Tidyupherdeskcarefully.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.Whatmakesthemanchangehisappointment?A.Anunexpectedvisitor.B.Hisurgeptproblematwork.C.Thetrafficduetothebadweather.9.WhenwillthemanmeetDr.Martin?A.OnWednesdayB.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.WhatcanpeopleenjoyinRichmond?A.Localfoods.B.Localartworks.C.Localshoppingcenters.11.HowfarawayisSunValleyfromRichmond?A.5minutes'walk.B.10minutes'walk.C.15minutes'bikeride.12.Wheredothespeakersdecidetostay?A.Inatent.B.Inahotel.C.Inavillager'shouse.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Journalistandsportsman.C.Interviewerandjobapplicant.14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofateacher'swork?A.Easy.B.Boring.C.Challenging.15.Whatdoesthemanlikedoingbest?A.Playingsports.B.Watchingsports.C.Teachingsports.16.Whatdoesthemanvaluemostaboutdoingssports?A.Teachtheyoungimportantlifelessons.BTrytomaintainmentalwell-being.C.Makeeffortstokeepphysicallyfit.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.WhatdoesVolterman'sSmartWalletfocuson?A.Thefunction.B.Thedesign.C.Thesecurity.18.Whatwillinformyouofyourphoneandwalletbeingapart?A.Thealarm.B.Thecamera.C.TheGPStracker.19.Whatcanyoureceiveifsomeoneopensyourwalletsecretly?A.Apicturebfhim.B.Avoicefromthephone.C.Amessagefromthewallet.20.WhyisVolterman'sSmartWalletsuitablefortravel?A.Itdoesn'tneedtorecharge.B.Itislightandeasytocarry.C.Ithasalargecapacityforpictures.其次部分：英语学问运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.Scientistsaremakingeveryefforttogobeneaththesurfaceofthedatatothehiddenpossibilities.A.release B.reveal C.reflect D.record【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们正在尽一切努力，深化数据的表面之下，揭示隐藏的可能性。A.release发布；B.reveal揭示；C.reflect反映；D.record记录。依据“

gobeneaththesurfaceofthedata

”可知，科学家深化数据表面的目的是为了揭示其隐藏的可能性。故选B项。2.Humanstendtoregardourselveswearetheonlyspeciesisontheplanet-andcertainlytheonlyonethatmatters.A.asthough B.eventhough C.though D.as【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：人类倾向于认为我们似乎是这个星球上唯一的物种，当然也是唯一重要的物种。A.asthough似乎；B.eventhough尽管；C.though尽管；D.as当时候。依据“wearetheonlyspeciesisontheplanet”可知，我们似乎是这个星球上唯一的物种，事实并非如此。故选A项。3.Personalcomputerarenolongersomethingbeyondtheordinarypeople;theyareavailablethesedays.A.specifically B.instantly C.readily D.freely【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：私人电脑已不再是一般人无法企及的东西；如今，它们已唾手可得。A.specifically特殊地；B.instantly马上；C.readily轻易地；D.freely免费地。依据Personalcomputerarenolongersomethingbeyondtheordinarypeople.可知，电脑已经普及，如今人们很轻易地得到。故选C项。4.SuchviolentactsashavechallengedHongKong'sprosperityandstabilitymustbecrackeddownonthelaw.A.inviewof B.inaccordancewith C.inlightof D.inresponseto【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这些挑战香港旺盛稳定的暴力行为，必需依法予以打击。A.inviewof鉴于；B.inaccordancewith依据；C.inlightof考虑到；D.inresponseto回应。依据“thelaw”可知，inaccordancewith为正式用语，通常用于法律文书中，符合句意。故选B项。5.ItistimefortheWesttolearnfromChina'sresponsibleeffortstofakenews.A.weedout B.workout C.turnout D.bringout【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在是西方向中国学习的时候了，中国是一个负责任的国家，致力于消退假新闻。A.weedout消退；B.workout熬炼；C.turnout结果是；D.bringout呈出(某物)。依据“responsibleefforts和fakenews.”可知，中国致力于消退假新闻。故选A项。6.Chinawilllaunchseveralcooperationprojectswithotherdevelopingcountriesforclimatechange.A.intending B.havingintended C.intended D.intend【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国将与发展中国家开展多个应对气候变更的合作项目。beintendedfor“特地用于某人/某事”，本句为过去分词作后置定语。故选C项。7.Mysmartwatchbatteryslow.Itneedscharging.A.runs B.isrun C.ran D.isrunning【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：我的智能手表快没电了,须要给它充电。分析句意“我的智能手表快没电了,须要给它充电”可知，本句为现在进行时表示将来。故选D项。8.Notknowingwhattodo,theoldladyranguphersonandaskedforhishelpwithshedescribedasabitofbother.A.which B.what C.when D.where【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：老太太不知道该怎么办，于是打电话给她儿子，请他帮忙解决她所说的一点小麻烦。with后接宾语从句，从句中describe缺少宾语，所以用what来充当宾语。故选B项。【点睛】what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。what在引名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中确定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所…的”，“…的样子”等.二是它在相应的名词性从句中确定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语.分析本句可知，with后接宾语从句，从句中describe缺少宾语，所以用what来充当宾语。故选B项。9.ThestorylineofQingYuNiantakesplaceinatimetravel,amaninthecontemporaryeraisrebornintheancienteratoamysteriousmother.A.what B.which C.that D.where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：《庆余年》其实是一个穿越故事，一个现代人在古代重生，他的母亲身份很神奇。分析句子可知，ThestorylineofQingYuNian为先行词，在后面的定语从句中做地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故选D项。10.—IjustlovelivinghereinLondon.Imean,theculture,theparks,therestaurants—,it'snotthecheapestplacetolive.A.Toputitanotherway B.TobefairC.Toputitsimply D.Tomakethingsworse【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我就是喜爱住在伦敦。我是说，文化、公园、餐馆……——说句公道话，伦敦并不是生活成本最低的城市。A.Toputitanotherway换一种方式；B.Tobefair说句公道话；C.Toputitsimply简洁地说；D.Tomakethingsworse。更糟糕的是。依据“it'snotthecheapestplacetolive.”可知，伦敦并不是生活成本最低的城市是一句句公道话。故选B项。11.Theboy,thoughupinthecountryside,soonadaptedhimselftothewayoflifeinthisbigcity.A.bringing B.havingbrought C.brought D.beingbrought【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：这个男孩虽然在农村长大，但很快就适应了这个大城市的生活方式。分析句子可知，本句为状语从句的省略，其完整形式为：thoughtheboywasbroughtup,因主句和从句主语相同，且从句动词为be动词，所以主语和be一同省略。故选C项。12.Lookingbackonhisyouth,hefinallyrealizedthathispaintakingeffortinSeniorThreehisbrightfuture.A.shaped B.hadshaped C.wasgoingtoshape D.wastoshape【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：回首自己的青春，他最终意识到，自己在高三的拼搏注定是为了塑造自己美妙的将来。分析句子可知，本句为过去将来时，begoingtodo表示将要发生的事情或准备最近要进行的动作，不符合句意。betodo表示“命运”，将来必定要发生的事，译作“注定……”。符合句意。故选D项。【点睛】be+动词不定式（即be+todosth.）的用法如下：1.表示按支配或支配要做的事。例如：Whenareyoutoleaveforhome?你什么时候回家？2.表示“应当”，相当于should,oughtto。例如：Youaretoreporttothepolice.你应当报警。3.表示“必需”，相当于must,haveto。例如：Theletteristobehandedtohiminperson.这封信必需亲自交给他。。4.表示“想，准备”，相当于intend,want。例如：Ifwearetobetherebeforeten,we’llhavetogonow.假如我们要在十点前到，我们现在就得走。5.用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求对方看法。例如：AmItogoonwiththework?要我接着完成这项工作吗？6.用于否定句，表示“禁止”，相当于mustn’t。例如：Thebooksinthisroomarenottobetakenoutside.这个室内的书籍不得带出室外。7.表示“可以，可能”，相当于may,can。例如：Thenewsistobefoundintheeveningpaper.这条消息可以在晚报上见到。8.weretodosth.用于if或evenif/eventhough从句中，表示对将来的假设。例如：IfIweretotellyouthatIkilledhim,wouldyoubelieveme?要是我告知你是我杀了他，你会信任吗？9.betoblame(该受责怪，对某坏事应负责任)与betolet(待出租)两种结构中，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。例如：Whichdriveristoblamefortheaccident?这事故是哪个司机责任？13.Theministerwarnedthatanycivilservantnotathisdeskfacedimmediate.A.suspension B.suspicion C.submission D.separation【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：部长警告说，任何擅离职守的公务员都会被马上停职。A.suspension暂令停职(或停学、停赛等)；B.suspicion怀疑；C.submission呈递；D.separation分别。依据“Theministerwarnedthatanycivilservantnotathisdesk”可知，擅离职守的公务员都会被马上停职。A选项符合句意。故选A项。14.laborerscanbereleasedfromtingandrepetitivetaskontheproductionlinebyindustrialrobots.A.Artificial B.Authentic C.Innovative D.Manual【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：工业机器人可以将体力劳动者从生产线上的繁重劳动中解脱出来。A.Artificial人造的；B.Authentic真实的；C.Innovative创新的；D.Manual体力的。这里指工业机器人将代替体力劳动者，从而将体力劳动者繁重劳动中解脱出来。故选D项。15.—Mrs.Smith，pleaseteachmehowtodrawonthecomputertoday.—Oh，no..Youhavetogetfamiliarwiththekeyboardfirst.A.ThinktwicebeforeyoudoB.LearntowalkbeforeyourunC.AllthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasyD.Don'tcountyourchickensbeforetheyarehatched【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查谚语辨析。句意：史密斯太太，今日请教我怎么在电脑上画画。哦，不。按部就班来。你得先熟识一下键盘。A.Thinktwicebeforeyoudo三思而后行；B.Learntowalkbeforeyourun按部就班；C.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy凡事总由难而易；D.Don'tcountyourchickensbeforetheyarehatched不要过于乐观。依据Youhavetogetfamiliarwiththekeyboardfirst.可知，学习电脑画画要按部就班，从易到难。故选B项。其次节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mid-afternoononaparticularlybusyTuesday,ItookleaveofmydeskatworkandwalkedintoalocalStarbucks.IwenttheresimplybecauseIwantedtofindaspacewhereneithermyclientsnormy___16___wouldaskmetodosomething.Inside,IranintoKate,aco-workerofmine.I___17___shewasthereforthesamereasonIwas.Butaswestartedchatting,Irealizedthattherewasa(n)___18___differenceinthereasonsforourvisit.Thetopicofparenthood___19___.Ijokedabouthow___20___myschedulewas,notingthatIwasneeded“fromtheminuteIwakeup,totheminuteIfallasleep.”Butabitof___21___seemedtocomeoverKate'sface.“Well,mydaughter'sinSanFranciscoandshedoesn'tseemto___22___meatallthesedays,”Katesaid,withasad-lookingsmile.ItwasinthatmomentthatIrealized:___23___Imightoftenfeelinhighdemand,therewillcomeadaywhenI'llactuallymissthatsamestressInow___24___about.Andasourconversationcontinued,itbecameclearthatIwasn'tjusttalkingtoKate;Iwastalkingtomyself____25____15-20years.Theconversationturnedtoourchildren's_____26_____years,withKatesmilingproudly，thinkingofthelittleboyandgirlsheraisedwhoarenowamanandawoman.ButInoticedhersmilewas_____27_____withregret.Sheexplainedthatsheoftenwonderedaboutwhatshecouldhavedone_____28_____whenherchildrenwereintheirearlieryears.“IjustwishIwishIhadbroughtthemtoeachother'ssporingeventandencouragedthemtocheerandtobestronger_____29_____foreachother,”Katenoted.Thisgotmethinking.Isregretanunfortunatefootnote(注脚)to_____30_____?Iaskedsixolderparentsinmylifeonequestion:Whatisyourbiggestregretfromyourearlydaysasaparent?Itturnedoutthatallofthemthoughttheycouldhavedoneitbetter.But,eachofthemalsohasa____31____relationshipwiththeirkids.Regretdidn'taffecttheminam____32____way.The_____33_____lineis,weallfeellikewecouldbedoingthisparentthingbeer.Andquiteclearly,yearslater,we'restillgoingtolookbackand_____34_____wetriedthingsdifferently.Butthepastcan'tbe____35____,andneithershouldit.16.A.children B.parents C.friends D.colleagues17.A.claimed B.concluded C.assumed D.declared18.A.impressive B.modest C.slight D.significant19.A.cameover B.cameup C.camein D.cameabout20.A.packed B.crushed C.involved D.exploited21.A.happiness B.disappointment C.sadness D.anxiety22.A.love B.contact C.miss D.need23.A.Once B.Unless C.While D.As24.A.complain B.think C.argue D.wonder25.A.after B.over C.in D.within26.A.adolescent B.younger C.later D.adult27.A.decorated B.connected C.dotted D.marked28.A.differently B.carefully C.eventually D.personally29.A.audiences B.referees C.opponents D.advocates30.A.childhood B.maturity C.parenthood D.growth31.A.secure B.weak C.unhealthy D.sharp32.A.comprehensive B.complete C.meaningful D.miserable33.A.finishing B.bottom C.fine D.hard34.A.regret B.remember C.hope D.wish35.A.celebrated B.changed C.replaced D.returned【答案】16.A17.C18.D19.B20.A21.C22.D23.C24.A25.C26.B27.D28.A29.D30.C31.A32.C33.B34.D35.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文主要叙述了作者与同事的对话，谈起了哺育孩子的问题。每位父母对于早期抚养孩子都有缺憾，认为原来可以做的更好，但作者认为过去的已经不能变更，最重要的是珍惜当下，尽力做好父母。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我去那里只是因为我想找一个我的客户和我的孩子都不会要求我做什么的地方。A.children孩子；B.parents父母；C.friends挚友；D.colleagues同事。依据askmetodosomething.以及下文children可知，作者想找到一个清净的地方来休息，没有孩子也没有同事的干扰。故选A项。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为她和我在那里的缘由是一样的，但当我们起先闲聊时，我意识到我们来这里的缘由有很大的不同。A.claimed声称；B.concluded推论出；C.assumed假设；D.declared宣告。作者是想找到一个清净的地方来休息，在星巴克遇到了凯特,所以作者以为她和作者去那里的缘由是一样的。故选C项。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为她和我在那里的缘由是一样的，但当我们起先闲聊时，我意识到我们来这里的缘由有很大的不同。A.impressive印象深刻的；B.modest虚心的；C.slight不重要的；D.significant显著的。依据Butaswestartedchatting可知，但当他们起先闲聊时，作者意识到他们来访的缘由有很大的不同。same对应significantdifference。故选D项。【19题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：为人父母的话题被提了出来。A.cameover走过来；B.cameup被踢出；C.camein进来；D.cameabout出版。依据下文起先谈论的话题可知，为人父母的话题被提了出来。故选B项。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开玩笑说我的日程排得满满的。A.packed塞满的；B.crushed压碎的；C.involved涉及的；D.exploited被开发的。依据thatIwasneeded“fromtheminuteIwakeup，totheminuteIfallasleep.”可知，作者的日程被排的满满的。故选A项。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯特的脸上似乎覆盖着一丝哀痛。A.happiness华蜜；B.disappointment悲观；C.sadness哀痛；D.anxiety焦虑。依据下文Well，mydaughter'sinSanFranciscoandshedoesn'tseemto___7___meallthesedays，”可知，凯特说女儿这些天似乎一点都不须要自己，所以她感到哀痛。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：嗯，我女儿在旧金山，这些天她似乎一点都不须要我，”凯特说。A.love爱；B.contact联系；C.miss错过；D.need须要。凯特在叙述自己和女儿的关系，且表示否定的，女儿和妈妈之间的关系是须要和被须要的关系。故选D项。【23题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：正是在那一刻，我意识到，虽然我可能常常感到很劳碌，但总有一天，我会真正怀念我现在所埋怨的压力。A.Once一旦；B.Unless除非；C.While尽管；D.As当时候。分析句意可知，本句为while引导的让步状语从句。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是在那一刻，我意识到，虽然我可能常常感到很劳碌，但总有一天，我会真正怀念我现在所埋怨的压力。A.complain埋怨；B.think想；C.argue争辩；D.wonder想知道。依据前文Ijokedabouthow___5___myschedulewas，notingthatIwasneeded“fromtheminuteIwakeup，totheminuteIfallasleep.”可知，作者开玩笑说自己的日程被排得满满的，这是一种埋怨的口气。所以作者说但总有一天，自己会真正怀念现在埋怨的压力。故选A项。【25题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：随着我们谈话的接着，我发觉我不只是在和凯特说话，也是在和15到到20年里的自己说话。A.after之后；B.over在上；C.in在里；D.within在…内部。依据15-20years.可知，表示在和15到20年里的自己说话。故选C项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：话题转到我们孩子们年纪较小的时代，凯特骄傲地微笑着，想起了她哺育的小男孩和小女孩，他们现在变成了男人和女人。A.adolescent青春期的；B.younger年纪更小的；C.later晚到的；D.adult成年人的。依据thinkingofthelittleboyandgirls可知，话题转到孩子们年纪较小的时代。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我留意到她的笑容中带着缺憾。A.decorated装饰；B.connected连接；C.dotted用点在上标记；D.marked留痕迹于。依据下文Sheexplainedthatsheoftenwonderedaboutwhatshecouldhavedone____13____whenherchildrenwereintheirearlieryears.可知，她的笑容中带着缺憾，所以才有了下文的困惑。bemarkedwith“用(东西)来做标记”。故选D项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她说明说，她常常想知道，当她的孩子还小的时候，她能做些什么不同的事情。A.differently不同地；B.carefully仔细地；C.eventually最终地；D.personally本人地。依据下文wetriedthingsdifferently.可知，她常常想知道，当她的孩子还小的时候，她能做些什么不同的事情。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是希望…我希望我能带他们去参与运动会，激励他们为彼此加油，成为更有力的支持者。A.audiences观众；B.referees裁判；C.opponents对手；D.advocates支持者。依据上文中的herchildren和encouragedthemtocheer可知，作为父母确定是激励自己的孩子能够相互支持。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：懊悔是为人父母的不幸注脚吗?。A.childhood童年；B.maturity成熟；C.parenthood父母身份；D.growth成长。依据上文中的凯特的懊悔以及下文Iaskedsixolderparents可知，作者在疑问：懊悔是为人父母的不幸注脚吗。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，他们每个人都和他们的孩子有稳固的关系。A.secure稳固的；B.weak弱的；C.unhealthy不健康的；D.sharp尖锐的。依据Itturnedoutthatallofthemthoughttheycouldhavedoneitbetter.可知，尽管父母觉得自己可以做的更好，但是每个人都和他们的孩子有稳固的关系。故选A项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：懊悔并没有对他们产生有意义的影响。A.comprehensive综合性的；B.complete完全的；C.meaningful有意义的；D.miserable。依据下文Butthepastcan'tbechangedandneithershouldit.可知，过去是无法变更的，即使父母感到懊悔，但这并不会对他们之间的关系，产生有意义的影响。故选C项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：底线是，我们都觉得我们可以做得更好。A.finishing结尾；B.bottom底部的；C.fine杰出的；D.hard难的。依据weallfeellikewecouldbedoingthisparentthingbetter.可知，这是父母的底线，可见父母对孩子的爱是多么宏大。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，若干年后，当我们回首往事的时候，我们仍旧希望我们能尝试不同的事情。但过去无法变更，也不应当变更。A.regret懊悔；B.remember记得；C.hope希望；D.wish希望。依据前文IjustwishIwish可知，当我们回首往事的时候，我们仍旧希望我们能尝试不同的事情。故选D项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，若干年后，当我们回首往事的时候，我们仍旧希望我们能尝试不同的事情。但过去是无法变更的，也不应当变更。A.celebrated庆祝；B.changed变更；C.replaced取代；D.returned返回。依据常识可以推断出，过去是无法变更的。故选B项。第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATHEREMARKABLEROCKSareamust-seeonKangarooIslandaccessiblebyairandferryfromtheAustralianmainlandHoponnewKangarooIslandtrailforfive-dayadventureItsoundslikeanamusementpark.Oraportionofazooreservedformarsupials(有袋动物).ButKangarooIsland(KI),30minutesbyairfromAdelaideinSouthAustralia,isjusttheopposite.Muchoftheislandremainedinaccessibletovisitorsuntilthisyear.OpenedtothepublicinMay,theKangarooIslandWildernessTrail,anearly38-mile,fie-dayhike,ushersadventuroustrekkersonabotanicallydistinctiveimmersionintotheislands'south-westside.Footerscanexpecttowalkroughlyfourtosevenhoursaday,passingcolorfulflower,splendidsugargumteesandmassivenativeplantlife.Inthistimelesssetting,they'lllikelysportkangaroos,goannalizardsandspinyechidna.Fromcliffrims，they'lloverlooktheSouthernOcean，wheresharkslurkandschoolsofsalmonclusterinflowerlike,protectiveformations.Thetrialincludes4campingareas,eachoutfittedwith24tentplatforms:12forself-guidedwalkersand12fortouroperators,whoalsocanarrangeoptionsoffthetrail.Independenttrekkerspayabout$124todothewalk;thecostincludestheparkingattheFlindersChasevisitorcenterandatrailguideandmap.KIisaccessiblebothbyairandbyferry;tourkangarooisland.com.au--ChicagoTribune/TNS36.Accordingtothepassage,KangarooIslandisspecialfor.A.campingsites B.kangaroosC.anamusementpark D.naturalbeauty37.Ontheislandthevisitorscan.A.feedwildanimalsB.visittheRemarkableRocksC.choosefrom12tentplatformsD.takeaboatontheSouthernOcean【答案】36.D37.B【解析】这是一篇说明文,短文介绍了旅游景点袋鼠岛的相关信息。【36题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“OpenedtothepublicinMay,theKangarooIslandWildernessTrail,anearly38-mile,fie-dayhike,ushersadventuroustrekkersonabotanicallydistinctiveimmersionintotheislands'south-westside.”袋鼠岛荒野步道(theKangarooIslandWildernessTrail)于今年5月向公众开放。全长近38英里,为期五天的徒步旅行,将冒险的旅行者带到了岛西南部一个具有植物特色的地方。依据其次段“Inthistimelesssetting,they'lllikelysportkangaroos,goannalizardsandspinyechidna.Fromcliffrims,they'lloverlooktheSouthernOcean,wheresharkslurkandschoolsofsalmonclusterinflowerlike,protectiveformations.”在这种永恒的环境中,他们可能会看到袋鼠、巨蜥和多刺的针鼹。从悬崖边缘,他们可以俯瞰南大洋鲨鱼潜藏在那里,成群的鲑鱼像花朵一样,形成爱护性的队形。所以推断出,袋鼠岛因自然美景而特殊。故选D项。【37题详解】细微环节理解题。依据图片下“THEREMARKABLEROCKSareamust-seeonKangarooIslandaccessiblebyairandferryfromtheAustralianmainland.”可知RemarkableRocks是袋鼠岛的必看景点。所以岛上的游客能看到RemarkableRocks。故选B项。BThehumansenseofsmellisweak.Thatiswellknown,andissuspectedbymanyanthropologistsofbeingtheresultofatrade-off(协调)infavorofvisualprocessingpower.Inthespecificcaseofpeople,however,therelativeweaknessofsmellcomparedwithsightextendstolanguage,too.Humanshavenodifficultyputtingnamestocolorsbutarenotoriouslybadatputtingnamestosmells.Thatmightalsobecausedbyhowthebrainiswired.Butsomedoubtthis.Theysuggestitismorelikelyaconsequenceofthetendencyoflanguagestocontainwordsusefultotheirspeakers.Sincesmellsmatterlittletomostpeople,mostlanguageshavefewabstractwordsforthem.AstudyjustpublishedinCurrentBiology,byAsianMajidatRadboudUniversityintheNetherlandsandNicoleKruspeatLundUniversityinSwedensupportsthis.Dr.MajidknewfrompreviousworkshehaddonethattheJahai,agroupofhunter-gathererswholiveinwesternMalaysia,areremarkablygoodatnamingsmells.Dr.Majidsuggestedthatitmight,inpart,bebecausetheJahaihaveadozenwardsdedicatedtodescribingdifferentsortsofsmellsintheabstract.Forexample,theJahaiusetheword“cŋεs”forstinging(刺激的)sortsofsmellsassociatedwithpetrol,smokeandvariousinsects,and“pleŋ”forbloody,fishyandmeatysortsofsmells.AccordingtoDrMajid,only“musty”isabletoactinthiswayinEnglishwithoutdrawingonanalogy(banana-like,gooseberry-noted,andevenearthyandsweet-smelling,areallanalogiesofsomesort).TheyalsolookedathowtwoothergroupsofpeoplefromtheMalayPeninsula(马来半岛)usedtermsforcolorsandsmells.TheseweretheSemaqBeriwhoalsohuntandgatherforaliving,andtheSemelai,whocultivaterice.TheyfoundtattheSemaqBeriusedabstracttermsforsmells86%ofthetime-aboutasoftenastheydidforcolours,whichwas80％.TheSemelaialsousedabstractcolourdescriptionsatasimilarrate,namely78％ofthetime.Butwhenitcametodescribingodourstheyreliedonabstractionononly44％ofoccasions,whileresortingtoanalogies,suchas“banana”and“chocolate”,56％ofthetime.Giventhesefindings,Dr.MajidandDr.Kruspearguethatitisthehunting-and-gatheringwayoflife,ratherthantheuseofaparticularlanguage,thatiscrucialtotheuseofabstractnamesforsmells.​​​38.WhatleadstothedifficultyofdescribingsmellsaccordingtoMajid'sstudy?A.Theimbalancebetweensmellandsight.B.Thepoorfunctionofthehumannose.C.Thestructureofthebrain.D.Lackofrelevantvocabulary.39.WhatcanbeinferredfromtheexamplesinParagraph3?A.Englishmainlyreliesonanalogytonamesmells.B.AnalogyisoftenusedintheJanailanguagetonamessmells.C.“Musty”isanEnglishwordusinganalogytonameasmell.D.EnglishborrowssomewordsforsmellsfromtheJahailanguage.40.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudyabouttwoothergroups?A.Languageplaysadecisiverolein_namingsmells.B.Thetwogroupswereequallygoodatdescribingcolors.C.TheSemaqBeri'slifestylehelpedthemhaveanedgeinnamingsmells.D.Survivingintheforesthasgreatereffectonhumanlanguagethanfarming.【答案】38.D39.A40.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。人类的嗅觉很弱，这一点也表现在语言上，由于气味对大多数人来说无足轻重，所以大多数语言都没有什么抽象的词语来形容气味。马吉德博士从她之前的工作中了解到，有些部落很擅长命名气问，而有些部落的生活方式对于他们命名很有帮助。而英语主要依靠类比来命名气味。【38题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段“Sincesmellsmatterlittletomostpeople,mostlanguageshavefewabstractwordsforthem.”可知，由于气味对大多数人来说无足轻重，所以大多数语言都没有什么抽象的词语来形容气味。所以依据马吉德的探讨，缺乏相关词汇导致了描述气味的困难。故选D项。【39题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段“AccordingtoDrMajid,only“musty”isabletoactinthiswayinEnglishwithoutdrawingonanalogy(banana-like,gooseberry-noted,andevenearthyandsweet-smelling,areallanalogiesofsomesort).”可知，依据马吉德博士的说法，只有“musty”在英语中能够这样做而不须要进行类比(像香蕉、醋栗，甚至是泥土和甜味的，都是某种类比)。由此推断出英语主要依靠类比来命名气味。故选A项。【40题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段“Giventhesefindings,Dr.MajidandDr.Kruspearguethatitisthehunting-and-gatheringwayoflife,ratherthantheuseofaparticularlanguage,thatiscrucialtotheuseofabstractnamesforsmells.”可知，鉴于这些发觉,Dr.MajidandDr.Kruspe都认为对气味运用抽象名称来命名起到至关重要的是狩猎和采集生活方式，而不是运用特定的语言。所以SemaqBeri的生活方式，让他们在命名气味方面有优势。故选C项。CPictureyourselfatacrowdedairportdeparturegate.Yourflightis20minuteslate.Thewomanonyourleftisnoisilyeatingsomethingthatsmellsawful.Themantoyourrightisstillbrayingintohiscellphone,andthetravelernexttohimispreparingtokilltimewithwait,isthatatoenailclipper?Unlessyouaresaintlyorunconscious,afewthingsinthatdescription-onmanythings,orallthethings-arelikelytoreallybugyou.Weknowanannoyancewhenweexperienceit.Butwhatmakessomethingannoying?Anddoesresearchoffromanyadviceforpreventlife'sannoyancesfrommakingourheadsexplode?Theanswerstothosequestionsare:no.DidevenoneuniversitycreateaDepartmentofAnnoyanceScienceorofferamajorinthisuniversalemotion?No.Nothing.Thenwhatmakessomethingannoying?Itmustbeharmfulbutnotphysically.Ahouseflybuzzingaroundyourheadisunpleasantbutitwon'tkillyou.Also,itmustbeunpredictableandintermittent.Theloudtickingofanaarmclockortheodorofacatlitterboxmayatfirstbeannoying,butwithconstantexposureovertime,itceasestobenoticeable.Psychologists'termforthisgradualtoleranceofastimulusishabituation.Yetwhenanunpleasantnoiseorsmellcomesandgoes,itbecomesannoyingeachtimeitshowsup.Finally,tobetrulyannoying,somethinghastopersistforanuncertainperiodoftime.Afightthat'sdelayedanhourisabother,buttolerable,solongasitreallyisjustanhour.Afightthat'sdelayedanddelayedanddelayed,withnoexplanationandnoendinsight,isextremelyannoying.Theintermittentnatureofannoyancesmakesthemhard(ifnotimpossible)toanticipateandthustoprepareadefenseagainst.Ifyouknowyou'regoingtobeststuckintraffic,youmightbeabletoacceptitorbringalongadistraction.Butwhentheslowdownisunexpected,itgetstoyoubeforeyoucanstopyourself.Aninterestingthingaboutannoyancesishowtheyappeartochangeovertime.Adecadeago,ourresearchledustoconcludethatoneofthemostannoyingthingsintheworldwaslisteningtosomeoneelse'sloudcellphoneconversation.Wehypothesizedthatthereasonitwassoannoyingisthatourbrainsnaturallytendtopaintacompletepictureofreality,butwhenyouonlyhearhalfofaconversation,that'snotpossible.Then,cellphoneconversationsseemedannoyingonlytothepeoplenotonthephone.Todayit'sthecallrecipientsthatseemtobegettingannoyed.I'mnottalkingaboutreceivingarobocall.I'mtalkingaboutthe20-somethingwhorecentlytoldmethatanunexpectedcall,evenfromaclosefriend;isannoying,Thethinkingseemstobe,Whycallwhenatextwilldo?Oreven,Youshouldhave,textedtoaskifyoucouldcallI'vethoughtalotaboutwhatmakespeople,things,andsituationsannoying,andwhatanyofusmightdotoimmunizeourselvesagainstbecomingannoyed.Theanswer'sactuallysurprisinglysimple:AllyouhavetodoisEditor'sNote:Thecontractforthisarticlesetastrictwordlimit.Thewriterexceededthelimit;themagazinefeels,obligedtoenforceit.Weregretanyannoyancethismightcause,dearreaders.41.Accordingtothepassage,whichoftheflowingisNOTreallyannoying?A.Noisyeatingincrowdedpubicplaces.B.Abuzzinghouseflyaroundyouhead.C.Theconstanttickingofanalarmclock.D.Adelayedflightwithoutdefinitearrivaltime.42.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutannoyanceisTRUE?A.Annoyancescanbeeasilyavoidedifpeopleareconsciousofthem.B.Annoyance