Unit 1【速记清单】-2023-2024学年八年级英语上册单元速记•巧练（牛津上海版）（原卷版）

第页Unit1PenfriendsPenfriends话题笔友词汇magazine，pen-friend，foot，inch，hobby，own，form，keen，keenon，physics，ambition，shut，probably，length，birth，actress短语keenon:形容词词组=veryinterestedin…bekeenon:动词词组=reallylike区别：hair头发hare野兔辨音：height[hait]高度weight[weit]重量havebeento去过（人已离开那里）havegoneto去了（人不在这里）havebeenin呆在，逗留atall强调否定句：根本（不）not…atall一点也不inall总共allin极度疲劳的inthecorner,onthecorner与atthecorner的区别own和have的区别during和for的区别句型workas担任workat从事……；钻研……workfor为……工作；为……做事writeto(sb)写信给...somethings=afewthings,分开写thing用复数形式something总是单数形式enjoy(doing)sth享受...的乐趣，欣赏，喜爱语法学习特殊疑问词用法，学习不定冠词a,an用法考点1.根据音标，词性和中文默写相应的单词单词音标词性中文['beɪsbɔːl]n.棒球运动['taɪt(ə)l]n.标题，题目['kɔːnə]n.角['wɔːkə]n.英国地名沃克['nju:kɑ:sl]n.英国地名纽卡斯尔['mi:tə(r)]n.米，公尺[əʊn]v.拥有['nɪəbaɪ]adv.在附近['kɒlɪdʒ]n.学院[juːnɪ'vɜːsɪtɪ]n.大学[ə'kaʊnt(ə)nt]n.会计['djʊərɪŋ]prep.在…期间[kiːn]adj.喜爱[skiː]v.滑雪[best]adj.最好的['fɪzɪks]n.物理学[æm'bɪʃ(ə)n]n.志向['meɪbiː]adv.也许[ɪn'kləʊz]v.随函附上[haɪt]n.高度[driːm]n.梦想['prɒbəblɪ]adv.很可能[taɪ]n.领带[ruːf]n.屋顶考点2.8AU1词性转换整理1n.雄心，野心adj.有雄心的，有野心的2v.开始n.开始3vt.&vi关，关闭adj.亲密的；近，靠近adv.近；靠近v.随函（或包裹）附上4v.数n.会计5n.欧洲n.欧洲人adj.欧洲人的6n.引擎n.工程师7n.德国人（复数Germans）adj.德国人的n.德国8adj.高的n.高度9v.拥有adj.自己的n.拥有者，物主10adj.可能的adv.很可能地，大概，或许11n.物理（学）adj.身体的，物理的考点3.corner n.角落【例句】E.g. Acupboardsitsina________oftheroom.房间的一角立着一只橱柜。【辨析】【比较】inthecorner,onthecorner与atthecorner的区别inthecorner多用于指在直角的内角上Theflowersareinthecorneroftheroom.那些花在房间的角落里。onthecorner多用于指在直角的顶点上Theboxisonthecornerofthedesk.盒子放在桌角上。atthecorner表示在拐角的周围，范围要大一些。Becarefulwhenyouareatthecornerofthestreet.在街道拐角的地方要小心。考点4.ownv.拥有【例句】E.g 1) Mary________anicecat.玛丽拥有一只可爱的猫咪。Everyonehashis_____________.每个人都有自己的爱好。Heishis_______manandsheisher_______woman.每个人都是自己的主人。【拓展】onone’sown独自地=byoneselfn+ofone’sown属于某人自己的=one’sown+n【辨析】【比较】own和have的区别own做动词时，意为“占有，拥有”，与have意思相近，但own更强调物品的归属为某人。考点5.keenadj.喜爱的，有兴趣的，锋利的，激烈的【例句】E.g. 1) I__________________JayChou’ssongs.我很喜欢周杰伦的歌。Theknifehasa________edge.这把刀刀口锋利。Thatisa________footballmatch.那是一场激烈的足球赛。考点6.ambitionn.志向【例句】E.g. 1) Heisalwaysfullof_________.他总是雄心勃勃。Oneofhis_________istobecomethepresidentofthecompany.他的抱负之一是成为该公司的总裁。考点7.heightn.高度E.g. 1) Thetreegrewtoa_________of20feet.那棵树长到20英尺高。Heistwometres___________________.他身高两米。考点8.dreamn./v梦，做梦【例句】E.g. 1) Herealizedthe________ofhislifetime.他实现了毕生的愿望。I________aboutmyhometown.我梦见了家乡。3) He__________ofbecomingafilmstarwhenhewasyoung.他年轻的时候梦想成为电影明星。考点9.probably—adv.很可能，大概【例句】Well,you’reprobablyright.Canhehearus?他听得见我们说话吗？Probablynot.大概听不见。【辨析】maybe,perhaps,possibly与probablymaybe意为“可能，也许”，比其余的几个词更为随意和不正式，表示的可能性不大，也要以表示一种非常委婉、礼貌的建议或要求，通常放于句首或句尾

Hedidn’tfeelquiteright.,maybehegotsunstroke.他觉得不太舒服，也许是中暑了

Youcouldputitoverthere,maybe.也许你可能把它搁在那边。perhaps作“可能”解，是较为常用、也较为正式的词，表示的可能性也不十分大，它可以表示建议或要求，也可能表示以礼貌的方式下达命令。通常放于句首。

Perhapshewillkindlygiveusahandwhenweareintrouble.当我们遇到麻烦时，也许他会友好地帮我们一把。possibly意为“可能，大概”，表示的可能性较大，口语中，也常表示委婉的请求，如：

Thisispossiblyhisbestperformance.这可能是他最好的表现了。probably意为“很可能，大概”，表示的可能性最大，是一种近乎肯定的意思。

Thereisprobablysomekindoflivingmatteronsomeotherplanets,butwedonotknowyet.很可能在其他星球上存在着某种生物，但是我们尚不清楚。考点10.…andIwouldliketobeyourpen-friend.并且，我想成为你的笔友。【拓展】Wouldliketo表示“想要、愿意”，有wantto之意【例句】--Wouldyouliketogoswimmingwithme?Yes,I’dliketo.考点11.I’minFormOneatWalkerSchool.我在沃克学校读中学一年级。【拓展】英国的中学（SecondarySchool）学制为5年，即从中一到中五，中四、中五的时候要参加各门学科的会考(GCSE)，并最后参加大学的升学式。中学的每个年级称为Form,故FormOne表示中学一年级。英国的中学教育SecondaryschoolTakeGCSE（英国中学毕业考试）Form516StartstudyingsubjectsforGCSEsForm4153rdstandardassessmenttestForm314Form213Form111/12语法精讲——特殊疑问句&不定冠词①特殊疑问句;疑问词意义例句问事物、职业、姓名、时间、班级等Whatisyourfather?—Heisapoliceman.问具体时刻Whattimedoyouhaveclass?问时间Whenwillyougethome?—Thisevening.问原因Whywereyoulateagain?问地点Wheredidyouputit?问人Whoisstandingthere?问人（宾）Withwhomareyougoing?问谁的Whosewatchisit?问定语、问哪一个Whichgirlisyourfriend?问方式、程度、健康、天气等Howistheweathertoday?问年龄Howoldisyourgrandfather?问长度或时间段Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?问频率Howoftendoyouexercise?问多久以后Howsoonwillyoucomehere?问数量和价格Howmucharethey?问距离Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?②不定冠词a/an不定冠词包括a和an，位于单数可数名词前，表示“一（个），一（种），每一（个）”的含义。a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，如aonkey,aniversity,ane-eyedcat；an用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如anmbrella,annestgirl用法举例①表示某一类人或事物dogisanimal.②表示某一类人或事物中的任何一个Thee-mailisfromarchitectoffamouscompany.③泛指某人或某物，未具体说明是何人或何物professorfromFudanUniversitywillgiveusspeechattheschoolhalltomorrow.④表示数量“一”Mybrotherboughtnewcarlastweek.⑤表示“每一个”Sheusedtowritehomeonceweek.⑥用于某些固定搭配中inhurry匆忙地 have/takelook看一看have/takerest havegoodtime玩得愉快inword总而言之 havecold感冒写作精讲——阅读书信书信写作要求：正确书写地址在信纸的右上角常出现的是写信人的地址，而收信人的地址则出现在信封上。正确书写结尾谦称结尾谦称通常用：Yours,Yoursfaithfully, Yourssincerely等等。正确书写开头与结尾开头重互动，结尾重回复。使用非正式语言非正式预言不是完全口语化，而是介于正式书面语言和口头语言之间。1.v.拥有，更强调物品的归属________________adj.自己的，特有的，在所有格后加强语气________________n.拥有者【拓展】byoneself=onone’sown独自n.物理学____________adj物理的，物质的，身体的【拓展】mentaladj.心理上的v.滑雪n.滑雪运动n.雄心，野心，理想adj.有雄心的，野心勃勃的adj.高的n.高度【拓展】weighv.称重weightn.重量wideadj.宽的widthn.宽度longadj.长的lengthn.长度deepadj.深的depthn.深度n.德国adj.德国人(籍)，德语，德国的【拓展】Canadan.加拿大Canadiann.加拿大人国人的复数变化规则：中日不变英法变，其余都是加s。以下为复数特殊情况：Chinese,Japanese,Britishmen,Frenchmen.adj.可能的，大概的adv，很可能，大概【拓展】可能地：maybe,possibly8.n.梦想v.梦见【拓展】dreamofdoingsth.梦想做某事9.prep./adv，接近，近距离adv.在附近，附近的【反义词】befar(away)from离...远的

n.顶部n.顶部(复数)PracticePractice一、阅读单选DearLaura,Iwanttotellyousomethingaboutmybusylifeofthisterm.IaminGrade8now.Ihavemuchmorehomeworkthanbefore,somylifeisbusier.Afterfinishingmyhomeworkintheevening,Ialwaysplaytheviolineveryday.IhardlyeverwatchTVorplaywithmyphone.Inaword,Ihavetoomuchstressnow.I’mquitetiredandIthinkmyparentscan’tunderstandme.WhatshouldIdo?Whataboutyourlife?MayDearMay,Asformylife,Idon’thavetoomuchhomework,butI’mverybusyaswell.IneedtotakedanceclassesafterschooleveryWednesdayandSaturday.Ialsohavetohelpmyparentstolookaftermyyoungersisterswhentheyareout.Ontheonehand,Ithinkyou’dbettertakebreaksandtalkwithyourparents.Ontheotherhand,youcanmakeabigprogressafterlearning.Andthat’sthemeaningoflivingabusylife.Lookingforwardtoyourreply!Laura1．May’slifeis________.A．easy B．busy C．peaceful D．difficult2．WhatdoesMaydoafterdoinghomework?________A．Sheplaystheviolin. B．Shetakestennislessons.C．Shewalkswithherfamily. D．Shehelpsdohousework.3．HowoftendoesLauratakedancelessons?________A．Onceaweek. B．Onceamonth.C．Twiceaweek. D．Threetimesamonth.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”referto(所指)?________A．Laura’scousins. B．Laura’sparents.C．Laura’sfriends. D．Laura’sbrothers.5．WhatisLaurabusywith?________A．Takingpianolessons. B．Finishingmuchhomework.C．Playingwithherphone. D．Lookingafteryoungersisters.Everyoneknowsthatexerciseisimportant.Weallneedtoexercise.Doctorssayitisgoodforus.Itmakesourheartandbodystrong.Childrenwhooftenexercisearemorealert（机敏的）.Thismeanstheydobetterintestsandschoolworkthanthosewhodon’texercise.Therearemanywaystoexercise.Youcanwalk,run,swim,skate,orplayballgames.Makesureyouexerciseinthefollowingways.Youhavetolikewhatyou’redoing.Exerciseenough,butnottoomuch.It’sbesttoexercisetwiceeachweek.Thirtyminuteseachtimeisenough.Tryallkindsofthingsuntilyoufindone,twooreventhreesportsrightforyou.Lotsofpeoplechoosetoexerciseatfitnesscenters（健身中心）.Why?Becausethereisalotofsportsequipment（器材）.Theequipmentwillhelpexerciseyourarms,legsandotherpartsofyourbodytomakeyouhealthy.Somepeoplebuysportsequipment.Butitisveryexpensive.Exercisingcanbefun.Friendscanexercisetogetheratafitnesscenterortheycanplaysportstogetheroutside.Howdoyouexercise?6．Inthepassage,thewritertellsusthatweallneedto________.A．drink B．sleep C．exercise D．rest7．It’sbesttoexercise________aweekand________eachtime.A．once;thirtyminutes B．twice;halfanhourC．threetimes;halfanhour D．twice;anhour8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“right”heremeaninChinese?A．右边的 B．合适的 C．正确的 D．正当的9．Accordingtothepassage,whydomanypeoplegotofitnesscenterstokeephealthy?A．Becausetheyhavemuchfreetime.B．Becausetheydon’tthinktheycankeephealthyathome.C．Becausetherearedifferentkindsofsportsequipmentatfitnesscenters.D．Becausetheydon’tlikeplaysportsoutside.10．What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A．WaystoExercise. B．It’sGoodtoExercise.C．ExerciseataFitnessCenter. D．TimetoExercise.Peoplearedifferent.Soarefriends.Thefollowingaresomekindsoffriends.Formoreinformation,youcanclick(点击)here.HumanFriendsTheworldismadeupofhumans.Onecanhardlylivewithoutafriend.Afriendcangiveoutlightandwarmthlikealamp.Especiallywhenyouaresick,hewilltakecareofyouandhelpyoudoalotofthingslikehouseworkorhomework.Besides,humanfriendswillbealwaysthefirstoneswhocanunderstandyourneed,shareyourhappinessandsadness.AnimalFriendsManypeoplekeepanimalsaspetsathome.Itisrighttosaythatanimalsarewonderfulcreatures(生物).Theycanbewithyouwheneveryouneedthem.Somepeoplesaytheywillfeellonelyathomewithouttheirpets.Thoughtheycan’tspeak,theycanaccompanypeople.InternetFriendsTheInternethasbecomeaveryimportantpartofourlives.Itisnotonlyhelpfulforpeopletowork,butalsoagoodwaytomakefriends.Internetfriendshiphasbecomemoreandmorepopularrecently.Moreandmorepeoplebegintomakeonlinefriends.Youdon’tmeeteachotherinthereallife,butyoucanknoweachotherwellbyemailorotherappsontheInternet.Instrument(乐器)FriendsSomepeopledon’tliketotelltheirinnerfeelingstoothers,andtheyevendon’tliketostaywithtoomanypeople.Theymayplaywithinstrumentsbythemselves.Theymayplaythepiano,violinorguitar.Bymusictheycangetalotofhappiness.11．Humanfriendsarethosewhocan________.A．lookafteryouwhenyouaren’twellB．giveyouahandondifferentkindsofthingsC．knowyourneedsandfeelingsfirstD．alloftheabove.12．Whichofthefollowinghasthesamemeaningas“accompany”inthepassage?A．staywith B．sleepwith C．getalongwith D．takecareof13．Tomdoesn’tliketotalkorstaywithothers,hemaywantto________.A．keepadog B．playthedrums C．makeonlinefriends D．callJack14．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A．Thereareonlyfourkindsoffriendsintheworld.B．Internetfriendscanmeeteachotherinthereallife.C．Instrumentfriendscanenjoythemselvesbymusic.D．Withoutfriends,peoplecan’tliveatall.15．Youcanseethispassagein________.A．astorybook B．awebsite C．anewspaper D．amagazineBeforeyoumakefriends,youhavetodecidewhoyouwanttobeyourfriends.Mostpeopleliketohavefriendswholiketodothesamekindsofthingsastheydo.Thatdoesn’tmeanyouhavetobeexactlylikeeachother,justthatyouenjoysomeofthesamethings.Ifyou’rereallyintosports,youprobablywillwantfriendswhoenjoyplayingmanyofthesamegamesyoudo.Likewise(同样地),ifyoulovetoreadbooks,youwillprobablyenjoythecompanyofreaders.Thequickestwaytomakeafriendistosmile.Whenyousmile,peoplethinkyouarefriendlyandeasytotalkto.Itmaynotbeeasyatfirsttosmile,butremembermostpeoplewillstayawayfromascared(害怕的)orangry-lookingface.Oneeasywaytostartaconversationwithsomeoneistosaysomethingniceaboutthem.Thinkabouthowgreatyoufeelwhensomeonesayssomethingnicetoyou.Doesn’titmakeyouwanttokeeptalkingtothatperson?Askyournewfriendsquestionsaboutthemselves.Who’stheirfavoritesinger,wheredotheylive,whatdotheydoafterschoolareallgoodquestionstostartaconversation.Makesureyouhavesomethingtoaddtotheconversationtoo.Whensomeoneasksyouaquestion,dohaveananswerforthem.There’snothingthatwillstopaconversationquickerthanashrug(耸肩)forananswer.Kidswhoshowaninterestinotherkidsandwhoarekindandfriendlymakegoodfriends.Remember,everyonewantstobearoundpeoplewholiketodosimilarthingsandpeoplewhoarenicetothem.16．Thispassagegivesussomeadviceon________.A．howtomakefriendsB．whatkindofpersonyoucanmakefriendswithC．howtostartaconversationD．theimportanceofsmile17．Mostpeopleliketomakefriendswiththose________.A．whosmiletoeveryone B．whosharethesameinterestC．whoarefondoftalking D．whosaynicethingstothem18．Accordingtothethirdparagraph,mostpeopleenjoytalkingtoone________.A．whoisalwayssmilingB．whoseemstobefriendlyC．whopraisesthemD．whopointsouttheirshortcomings19．Theunderlinedpart“ashrugforananswer”inthispassagemeans________.A．beingveryproud B．makingnoanswerC．knowingnothing D．nothopingtoanswerIsthereawaytoquicklyrecall(回忆)informationjustbeforetakinganexam?Walkingbackward(向后)mightbeagoodway.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofRoehamptonintheUKsaidthisactivitycanhelppeopleimprovetheirshort-termmemory.Scientistsdidanexperiment(实验).Theyasked114studentstowatchavideo.Afterwatchingthevideo,volunteersweredivided(分成)intothreegroupsandeachgrouphadthesamenumberofpeople.Thefirstgroupwastoldtowalk10metersforward.Thesecondgroupwalked10metersbackward.Thethirdgroupstoodinoneplace.Allthreegroupswerethenasked20questionsaboutwhattheysawinthevideo.Thescientistsfoundthatthebackward-walkinggroupgottwomoreans