Unit7语法被动语态课件冀教版英语八年级下册

Haveyoueverbeenabroad?HaveyoubeentoanyothercountriesinAsia?HehasbeentoeverycontinentexceptAntarctica.

Antarcticaiscoveredwithsnowandiceallyearround.WehavebeenaskedtowriteareportonAsia.IwasborninEgypt.现在完成时PresentPerfectTense一、现在完成时结构肯定句：主语+_______/_______+_________+其他。否定句：主语+_______/_______+_________+其他。一般疑问句：_______/_______+主语+_________+其他？肯定回答：______,主语+_______/_______.

否定回答：______,主语+_______/_______.havehasdonehaven’thasn’tHaveHasdonedoneYeshavehasNohaven’thasn’t二、现在完成时意义及标志词1.IamsorryIhavebrokenyourcup.2.IhavelearnedEnglishforsixyears.句1体现现在完成时用法1____________________；常与ever,never,just,already,yet,before,manytimes等连用。句2体现现在完成时用法2_________________；常与for+时间段，since+时间点/一般过去时句子，inthepastfewyears，sofar等连用发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果发生在过去的动作持续到现在并将继续持续下去三、现在完成时易混淆点1.have/hasbeenin;have/hasgoneto;have/hasbeento用法区别（1）--Whereisyourfather？--He_________Beijing.Hewillbebackinfourdays.（2）I____________________Beijingmanytimes.（3）I_____________________Beijingfor3years.2.非延续性动词和延续性动词

Iborrowedthisbookfourdaysago.(改为现在完成时）I____________thisbookforfourdays.hasgonetohavebeentohavebeeninhavekept3.现在完成时和一般过去时区别HehasboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.表示买了且现在拥有HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.表示买了，但现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。被动语态ThePassiveVoice1.a.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.

b.English

isspoken(bymanypeople).2.a.TheyfoundthedinosaureggsinLiaoning.b.Thedinosaureggswerefound(bythem)inLiaoning.3.a.Wemustdosomethingtostopthepollution.

b.Somethingmustbedonetostopthepollution(byus).

(1)1a，2a，3a均是_________语态；1b,2b,3b均是__________语态。(2)被动语态含义：表示主语是动作的__________,一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态。(3)被动语态结构：________+__________.主动被动承受者bedone

（过去分词）一、被动语态（ThePassiveVoice）含义及结构注意：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语动作的承受者。如：eg.Weuseaknifeforcutting(主动句).Aknifeisusedforcutting(被动句)。二、各种时态的被动语态Hundredsoftreesareplantedinourschooleveryyear.Thebridgewasbuiltlastyear.Abridgewillbebuiltinourcity.Thebridgehasbeenbuiltforthreeyears.Abridgeisbeingbuiltnowinourcity.Abridgewasbeingbuiltatthistimelastyear.Moretreesmustbeplantednextyear.总结：（1）各种时态的被动语态的构成主要体现在_______的变化上。be【考例1】．TheOlympicGames_________everyfouryears.[南京市]A．

areheldB．

wereheldC．areholdingD．willhold【考例2】

TodayChinese_____bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworld.（南通市）

A.wasspokenB.isspokenC.spokeD.speak

●一般现在时的被动语态

表示现在或经常发生的被动动作时，用一般现在时的被动语态。其构成为：am／is／are+doneAB【考例3】一DidyouhearthatwaterinTaiLakesmeltterrible?一Yes．Infact，it

________.That‘sallbecauseofthepeopleandthefactoriesaround．[盐城]A．polluted B．

waspolluted C．

haspolluted D．

waspollute【考例4】

Manytreesandflowers________inourschoollastyear，andtheymadeourschoolabeautifulgarden．(南京)A．plantB．plantedC．haveplantedD．wereplanted●一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某个时候发生的被动动作，用一般过去时的被动语态。其结构为：was／were+doneBD【考例5】Somefamouspaintings_______inthehallnextweek.[淮安市]A.willshow B.wereshown C.isshownD.willbeshown【考例6】

Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnology________

intheschoolhallnextweek.A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.gives（徐州市）●一般将来时的被动语态表示从现在看将来发生的被动动作，用一般将来时的被动语态。其结构为:will／shallbe+done或am／is／aregoingtobe+doneDB【考例7】China’ssportsstarsYaoMingandLiuXiang_____GoodwillAmbassadors（亲善大使）forShanghai.A.hasbeennamedB.havebeennamedC.hasnamedD.havenamed

【考例8】

MyEnglishbook________.Ican’tlendittoyou.（连云港）

A.hasbeenlostB.waslostC.haslostD.lostBA●现在完成时的被动语态表示在过去某个时候发生的被动动作一直延续到现在，且该动作的结果对现在造成影响，此时用现在完成时的被动语态。其结构为：have／hasbeen+doneThesportsmeetingisbeingheldinourschool.Abridgeisbeingbuiltnowinourcity.●现在进行时的被动语态表示现在正在发生的被动动作，用现在进行时的被动语态。其结构为:is/am/arebeing+doneAbridgewasbeingbuiltatthistimelastyear.AstorywasbeingtoldbyPeter'smothertoPeter●过去进行时的被动语态表示过去某个时间点或时间段正在发生的被动动作，用过去进行时的被动语态。其结构为:was/werebeing+done●含有情态动词的被动结构情态动词用于被动结构为：情态动词must/can/could/may/might+be+done【考例9】Twelve-year-oldsshouldnot

todriveinChina.[扬州]A.allowB.beallowC.allowedD.beallowed【考例10】-Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage？-Alotofnewroads_____，Ithink.（苏州）

A.havetobuildB.mustbuildC.havebuiltD.mustbebuiltDD三、注意事项1.动词不定式的被动语态beaskedtodobetoldtodobeinvitedtodobechosentodobeencouragedtodobeallowedtodoasksb.todotellsb.todoinvitesb.todochoosesb.todoencouragesb.todoallowsb.todo主动被动sb.【考例1】Studentsaretold________________(notcopy)others’homework.【考例2】张老师总是鼓励我们尽可能多讲英语。

We___________________________________EnglishasoftenaspossiblebyMr.Zhang【考例3】他们允许在这里吸烟吗?__________they_________________smokehere?nottocopyarealwaysencouragedtospeakAreallowedto2.省略“to”的不定式的被动语态【考例1】Mary___thesongeverylunchtime.(无锡市)A.heardsingB.isheardsingingC.isheardtosingD.isheardsing【考例2】ThestudentsinGrade9________theirhomeworkformorethanthreehourseveryweekend.(淮安市)A.aremadedoB.aremadetodo

C.weremadedo

D.weremadetodo

BChearsb.doseesb.dowatchsb.do.makesb.doletsbdohavesb.dofeelsbdonoticesbdo主动被动主动语态中省略“to”的不定式，在被动语态中要加上“to”，如see、watch（看）、notice（注意）;make、let、have（让）；hear（听）、feel（感觉）、find（发现）等，口诀：三看三让一听一感觉一发现。sb.

beheardtodobeseentodobewatchedtodobemadetodobelettodobehadtodobefelttodobenoticedtodo3.带双宾语的被动语态

tellsthtosb.givesth.tosb.showsthtosb.passsth.tosb.sellsth.tosb.lendsth.tosb.bringsth.tosb.buysth.forsb.makesthforsb.betoldtosb.begiventosb.beshowntosbbepassedtosb.besoldtosb.belenttosb.bebroughttosb.beboughtforsb.bemadeforsb.主动被动sth.（点拨：带双宾语，物做主语，注意介词to还是for）【考例1】Theresultsoftheexam_________thestudents’parentsinthreedays.A.weretoldB.weretoldtoC.willbetoldD.willbetoldto【考例2】爸爸给我做了个风筝。Akite__________________bymyfather.Dismadeforme4.注意短语动词的完整性

lookforsb.lookaftersb.takecareofsb.laughatsb.speaktosb.listentosb.belookedforbelookedafterbetakencareofbelaughedatbespokentobelistenedto主动被动【考例1】这个生病的孩子必须好好地照顾，以便他不久能去上学。

Thesickchildmust________________________sothathecangotoschoolsoon【考例2】Mustoldpeople_____politely?A.speakB.spokenC.bespokenD.bespokentosb.（注意：短语动词中的介词、副词容易漏掉，须注意）betakengoodcare

ofbelookedafterwellDhandsth.insth.behandedin5.过去分词短语作定语

过去分词作定语时，放在所修饰的名词后，表示完成和被动的意义，作用相当于定语从句。【考例1】Heisreadinganovel

（write）byLuXun.【考例2】Someofthepeople

(invite)tothepartycan’tcome.written(=whichwaswritten)(=whohavebeeninvited)invited6.不用被动语态的情况●不及物动词happen,takeplace(发生),breakout（爆发）comeout(出版,开花)没有被动语态●某些感官动词和系动词如look,sound,taste,smell,feel后加adj.做表语，主动形式表被动意义。【考例1】Thewomanstilldoesn’tknowwhat

__________

(happen)inherhometownwhileshewasaway.【考例2】Hisnewnovel

____nextmonth.A.comeoutB.willcomeoutC.willbecomeout

D.cameout【考例3】What’swrongwiththeorange?It

terrible. A.istasting B.istasted C.tastes D.tasted【考例4】Thewater

(feel)verycold.happenedCfeelsB不用被动语态的情况●某些可和well,easily等副词连用的动词，如：sell,wash,write,ride…【考例5】Thiskindofbooks

well.They

outyesterday.A.issold,soldB.sell,soldC.issold,weresoldD.sells,weresold【考例6】Iboughtapenyesterday.It

(write)aswellasyours.●