Unit 4 A good read Grammar单元语法精讲课件

UnitFourAgoodreadrammarTolearntouseaquestionwordwithato-infinitiveafteraverb.Tolearntousemustandhavetotosaythatitisnecessarytodosomething.Tolearntousehavetowhenthesituationmakessomethingnecessary.

.LearningaimsHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?LeadinTask1Watchandanswer:DidGulliverknowhowtogetaway?Gulliverdidn’tknow_____________________(对小人说什么)Gulliverwantedtofindout______________.(如何逃跑)GulliverinLilliputwhattosaytothesetinymenhowtogetawayV+疑问词

+

todoMilliehasdecided

.(读什么)Danieldidn’tsay

.(与谁聊天)Simonforgot.(何时与朋友见面)Sandyiswondering

.(去哪里寻求帮助)Amydoesn’tknow_______(如何写报告)

Usingquestionwords+to-infinitiveswhattoreadwhototalktowhentomeetfriendswheretoaskforhelphowtowritethereportAllquestionwordscanbeusedwithato-infinitive,except

why.Shewillexplainwhytorecommendthisbook.×Shewillexplainwhysherecommendsthisbook.√1.决定做什么2.想知道去哪儿wonder

where

togo3.知道听谁说knowwho

tolisten

toremember

who

tochat

with4.记得与谁聊天5.忘记谈论什么forget

what

totalk

aboutdecide

what

todo不定式中的不及物动词后必要时需加上适当的介词用“V+疑问词+todo”完成下列短语HaveatryHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?SummaryTask2我们可以用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作动词的宾语。疑问词包括疑问代词who,what,which及疑问副词when,how,where等。常和“疑问词+动词不定式”结构连用的动词和动词短语有：tell,show,think,learn,know,wonder,decide,remember,forget,understand,see,hear,ask,advise,explain,findout等。Step1结构：

WhenIgointotheclothesshop,Ialwayscan’tdecide______onetobuy.2.Mygrandfatherdoesn’tknow______touseacomputer.3.---Willyoupleaseshowme_____todriveacar?---Yes,ofcourse.Nowletmetellyou_____todofirst.4.IwilltellLucy______and_______tomeet.whichhowhowwhatwhenwhere选用how,which,what,when,where填空。_________________________isaquestion.(如何使用这个机器)2.Thequestionis__________________(什么时候去那儿).Howtousethemachinewhentogothere3.Shecan’tdecide_______________（该买哪件）?whichonetobuy练一练“特殊疑问词+不定式”可直接放在上列动词后，也可以置于上列动词的宾语后，即双宾语。advise,ask,decide,discuss,findout,forget,know,learn,remember,show,teach,think,understand,wonder,explainStep2“特殊疑问词+不定式”可放在哪些动词后？

which,what,whosehowmany/muchV++名词疑问词+todoThemapshowsuswhichlinetotake.Traffic1、Theteachertoldthestudentshowtodotheexperiment.老师告诉学生如何做实验。

2、Canyoushowmehowtomakeapaperboat?你能给我演示怎样做一只纸船吗？

有些动词，如advise,ask,show,teach,tell等，其后可以接双宾语。Step3动词不定式作双宾语：

V+宾语+疑问词+todoadvise,ask,decide,discussfindout,forget,know,learnremember,say,show,teachthink,understand,wonder…1.MrWu_________________________________asafter-schoolactivities.（建议我们该选哪个）2.Thestudents______________________________theirwork.（问他们的老师何时上交）3.Millie_______________________________________.（向我们展示下一步如何做）4.Daniel__________________________acomputertodraw.（教他自己如何使用）5.Don’tforgetto______________________________you.（告诉你妈妈该在哪见）adviseduswhichtochooseaskedtheirteacherwhentohandinshoweduswhattodonexttaughthimselfhowtousetellyourmumwheretomeet小试牛刀Step4Theyarediscussingwhichcolortopaintthewalls.Youcanaskyourparentshowmuchmoneytotakewithyou.有些疑问词，如what,which,whose,howmany,howmuch等，其后可以先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。Thebookdoesn’ttellmehowmuchmoneytotake.Ithinkthemore,thebetter.be+adj.+疑问词+todoEddieisnotsurehowmuchmoneytotake.Suzywasnotsurewhotoaskforhelp.Areyouclearwhentomeetatthegatetomorrow?在“疑问词+动词不定式”结构前，有时也可以是如sure,clear，certain等的形容词Step5:be+adj+疑问词+动词不定式

Task6:疑问词+todo在句中的作用到哪里去还是个问题。Wheretogoisstillaquestion.作主语，谓语动词常用单数形式问题是怎样学好英语。ThequestionishowtolearnEnglishwell.作表语,常常置于be动词之后Simon忘了什么时候见朋友了。Simonforgotwhentomeethisfriends.置于动词或者介词只有作宾语动词不定式Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.

Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwater

aftertheoperation.

主语

宾语表语

定语

状语

宾补

适用于“疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括：“know,see,decide,tell,ask,consider,discover,explain,forget,guess,hear,imagine,inquire,learn,remember，think,wonder,understand”等。有点值得特别注意的是：当这结构当宾语时，它的作用等于名词分句，例如：(1)Icouldnotdecidewhichdictionarytobuy./IcouldnotdecidewhichdictionaryIshouldbuy.

Attention同义句转换CanyoutellmehowIcangettothehospital?=Canyoutellme______________________?2.Idon’tknowwhattodonext?=Idon’tknow________________________.3.Heaskedmewhatheshouldwearfortheparty.=Heaskedme________________________.howtogettothehospitalwhatIshould/willdonextwhattowearforthepartyHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?PracticeTask3whichtoreadwheretofindhowtotravelwhentohandinwhattowriteaboutwhotoaskfor1.Milliehas

decided__________________.(该读什么)

2.Danieldidnot

say

_________________aboutthisbook.（该和谁交谈）3.Simonforgot__________________hisfriends.（该什么时候见）4.Kittycannotdecide_____________________first.（该选哪一个）5.Sandyiswondering___________________forhelp.（该去哪求助）6.Amydoesnotknow_______________thereport.（该如何写）填一填

whattoreadwhototalktowhentomeetwhichtochoosewheretoaskhowtowriteHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?DiscussionTask4Conclusion:must表主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，“必须，得，要”。must的否定形式mustnot表示禁止，“不能，不行”。Lookandsumup1.We

must

wearschooluniforms.2.Wemust

gettoschoolontime.3.We

must

keepquietinthelibrary.4.We

mustn’t

throwrubbisheverywhere.5.We

mustn’tpickflowersinthegarden.Youmustbehungryafterallthatwalking.走了那么远的路，你一定饿了吧。Thatcan’t

beLucy.ShehasgonetoAmerican.那肯定不是Lucy，她已经去了美国。Conclusion:must还可以表示肯定猜测，意思是“一定”。否定的猜测是can’t。Lookandsumup1.Iwill

havetoaskforleaveandstayathome.2.I

don’thavetogotoschooltoday.3.Theydonothavetobuyacomputeratthemoment.Conclusion:haveto表一种客观的需要，“不得不”。haveto有人称和数的变化。

haveto的否定形式donothaveto,相当于neednot。LookandsumupSomeonehasputaway(收拾，整理)thebooks.You_______doit.

A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.shouldn’tD.can’t2.Girls______keeplonghairawayfromfire.

A.canB.mustC.havetoD.may3.-

Canwediscusshere?

-

No,you______.Youwilldisturbotherpeople.

A.mustn’tB.won’tC.don’tD.needn’t4.-MustIreturnthebooktoday?-No,you_____.

A.don’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’tHaveatrymust与have

to是两个常用的情态动词，两词后面都接动词原形。在使用时，应注意两词间的差别。must表示主语“有义务”的“必须”做某事，强调说话人的主观看法，主要用于肯定句和疑问句；must还可以表示肯定推测，意思是“一定”。have

to

强调的是客观需要，意思是“不得不”。have

to有人称和数的变化。I

must

work

hard

at

my

lessons.

我必须努力学习功课。(主观意愿）I

have

to

look

after

mother

at

home.

For

she

is

ill.

我得在家照看妈妈，因为她病了。(客观需要）Itisgettingdark.Hehastogohomenow.天快黑了。他现在得回家了。(客观需要）must的否定形式是mustnot，其缩写为mustn’t，表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。have

to的否定形式是donothaveto，其缩写为don’t

have

to。

You

mustn’t

make

any

noise

in

class.上课时你们不许吵闹。You

don’t

have

to

water

the

flowers.

For

it

is

going

to

rain.你们不必浇花了，因为要下雨了。HowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?PracticeTask5AmyistellinghercousinShirleysomelibraryrules.Completewhatshesayswithmust,

mustnot,havetoordon’thaveto.You(1)_____keepquietinthelibrary.You(2)_____keepthebookscleanandtidy.You(3)_______draworwriteonthebooks.mustmustmustn’tYou(4)_______eatordrinkinthelibrary.You(5)_____returnthebooksontime.Ifyouwanttokeepthemlonger,you(6)______renewthem.You(7)____________bringyourstudentcardeverytimeyougotothelibrary,butremembertobringyourlibrarycard.mustn’tmusthavetodonothavetoHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?课堂检测Task71.I’mgoingonafieldtripbutIhaven’tdecided______.

A.whattodoB.todowhat

C.wheretogoD.togowhere2.Excuseme.Wouldyoupleasetellme______buyadigitalcamera?A.whattoB.whereto

C.whatIcanD.wherecanI3.—Thisphysicsproblemistoodifficult.Canyoushowme______,WangLin?

—Sure.A.whattoworkitoutB.whattoworkoutitC.howtoworkitoutD.howtoworkoutit4.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_____gettothenearestpostoffice?—Sorry,Iamnewhere.A.howcanIB.howIcouldC.howtoD.whatIcan5.—Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellme___mycar?—Sure.Parkitrighthere.I’llhelpyou.A.howtostop B.wheretoparkC.wheretostopD.whentopark6.—______Iswimhere?—I’msorry.Children___swimalonehere.A.Must;can’tB.May;mustC.Can;mustn’tD.Can’t;can7.—Dad,mustwewaituntilthelightbecomesgreen?—Yes,I'mafraidwe______.That'sthetrafficrule.A.canB.mayC.havetoD.need8.Studentsinourschool______knowshoutingisnotallowedinthelibrary.A.can B.mayC.mustD.need9.TherearesomanybeautifulpresentsintheshopthatIdon’tknow________.

A.whichonetochoose

B.tochoosewhichone

C.whichtochooseone

D.tochooseonewhichIlikelisteningtomusicwhen___________(do)myhomework.Hewantstoknowwhen__________(go)toBeijing.Idon’tknowwhenhe_________(come),Whenhe__________(come),Iwilltellyouatonce.Hewantstoknowwhere__________(buy)thiscoat.What________(make)himfeelsosad?doingtogowillcomecomestobuymade6.What________(buy)hasn’tbeendecided?7.Theproblemiswhat__________(buy)ashisbirthdaypresent.8.Canyougivemesomeadviceabouthow___________(relax)beforeexams?9.Shedidn’ttellmewhen__________(meet)yesterday.10.Shewantstoaskyouhowmuchfruit___________(need).tobuytobuytorelaxtomeettoneed2.Ihavenoideawhen_______herthebadnews.A.willtellB.tellingC.tellD.totell3.Couldyoushowus_____abike?A.howtomendB.whattomendC.wheretogoD.howmuchtobuy4.Doyouknow______thiskindofplant?A.whichtofindB.wheretofindC.whytofindD.whattofind5.TheWorldHealthOrganizationhasgivensomeadviceon______toprotectusfrombeing(感染)withH7N9.A.howB.whatC.whereD.when5.Studentsshouldlearnhowto______problems.A.solveB.solvingC.cansolveD.tosolve6.Ihaven’tdecidedwhen_____aholidayyet.A.tookB.takingC.totakeD.take7.Ihaven’tdecidedwhen_____aholidayyet.A.tookB.takingC.totakeD.take8.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______my

car?

A.howtostopB.wheretopark

C.wheretostopD.whentopark9.Themathproblemissohard.Ireallydon’tknow______.A.howtodoitB.howtodoC.whattodoit10.—Millie,couldyougivemesomeadvice?I don’tknow_________. —Whydon’tyouwearthisredshirt?

A.whentowear B.whattowear

C.howtowear

D.wheretowearSomeonehasputaway(收拾，整理)thebooks.You________doit.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.shouldn’tD.can’t12.It’sthelibrary.Soyou______knowshoutingisnotallowedhere.A.canB.mustC.needD.may13.Canwediscusshere?No,you______.Youwilldisturbotherpeople.A.mustn’tB.won’tC.don’tD.needn’t14.---MustIreturnthebooktoday?---No,you_____.A.don’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t15.—Dowehavetofinishourhomeworkthisafternoon?

—Yes,you______.A.mustB.canC.mayD.need16.—Thisphysicsproblemistoodifficult.Canyoushowme______,WangLin?

—Sure.

A.whattoworkitoutB.whattoworkoutit

C.howtoworkitoutD.howtoworkoutit17.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______gettothenearestpostoffice?—Sorry,Iamnewhere.A.howcanIB.howIcouldC.howtoD.whatIcan

18.—______Iswimhere?—I’msorry.Children______swimalonehere.A.Must;can’tB.May;mustC.Can;mustn’tD.Can’t;can19.—Dad,mustwewaituntilthelightbecomesgreen?—Yes,I'mafraidwe______.That'sthetrafficrule.A.canB.mayC.havetoD.need20.Studentsinourschool______knowshoutingisnotallowedinthelibrary.A.can B.mayC.mustD.need9.—Dad,mustwewaituntilthelightbecomesgreen?—Yes,I'mafraidwe______.That'sthetrafficrule.(2013河南)A.canB.mayC.havetoD.need10.Studentsinourschool______knowshoutingisnotallowedinthelibrary.(2013山东莱芜)A.can B.mayC.mustD.need1、Theyoungwomandoesn’tknowwhattodo.那位年轻女子不知道怎么办。2、Idon’tknowwhattosay.我不知道说什么。3、Wemustknowhowtooperatethemachine.我们必须弄懂如何操作这机器。4、Wewanttolearnhowtowriteplays.我们想要学习如何写剧本。

写一写四、完成句子我不知道该和谁交谈。

Idon’tknow__________________________.