2023年江苏省扬州市中考英语真题(解析版)

扬州市2023年初中毕业、升学统一考试英语试题说明：1.本试卷共8页，包含选择题（第1题～第45题，共45题）、非选择题（第46题～第76题，共31题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间为100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2.答题前，考生务必将本人的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置上，同时务必在试卷的装订线内将本人的姓名、准考证号、毕业学校填写好，在试卷第4页的右下角填写好座位号。3.所有的试题都必须在专用的“答题卡”上作答，选择题用2B铅笔作答、非选择题在指定位置用0.5毫米黑色水笔作答。在试卷或草稿纸上答题无效。一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。1.Yangzhouis________cityfullof________history,cultureandmouthwateringfood.A.the;a B.a;a C.the;the D.a;/【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：扬州是一座充满历史、文化和令人垂涎的美食的城市。考查冠词。第一个空泛指“一个城市”，city以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，排除AC；根据“fullof...history,culture...”可知此处指充满历史、文化等的城市，此处history是不可数名词，排除B。故选D。2.Thechildrenhavepaintedsince________couldfirstpickupabrush.A.they B.them C.their D.themselves【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：孩子们从第一次拿起画笔就开始画画了。考查代词。they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。空处作从句的主语，应用主格，故选A。3.Slowcookingseemstoholdthetasteofthemeatmuch________.A.good B.well C.better D.best【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：慢煮似乎能更好地保持肉的味道。考查比较级。根据空前“much”可知，much是修饰比较级的词，此处应用比较级形式，故选C。4.Everyonewillhavetogetoutoftheirhouses________meettheirneighbours.A.and B.but C.or D.so【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：每个人都必须走出家门去见见他们的邻居。考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；or或者；so因此。“getoutoftheirhouses”与“meettheirneighbours”是并列关系，用and连接，故选A。5.I________ChinaforthreemonthsandthisisthefirsttimeI’vetriedonhanfu.A.havegoneto B.havebeento C.havearrivedin D.havebeenin【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：我来中国三个月了，这是我第一次穿汉服。考查动词短语。havegoneto去了（而且现在还在）某地；havebeento去过了（而现在没在）某地；havearrivedin已经到了，短暂性动词；havebeenin（现在）在某地。根据“forthreemonths”可知，应是在中国三个月了，且应与延续性动词连用，故选D。6.Scienceismyfavouritesubject,soIhaveprepared________theSTEAMClub.A.join B.joining C.tojoin D.tojoining【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：科学是我最喜欢的科目，所以我已经准备加入STEAM俱乐部了。考查非谓语动词。preparetodosth“准备做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动词不定式，故选C。7.Papercut-outsof“doublehappiness”areoften________inthemarriedcouple’shometobringgoodwishes.A.putback B.putup C.puton D.putoff【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：“双喜字”的剪纸经常被贴在新婚夫妇的家里，以表达美好的祝愿。考查动词短语。putback放回去；putup张贴；puton穿上；putoff推迟。“Papercut-outsof‘doublehappiness’”是一种剪纸，人们会把它贴在家里。故选B。8.—WhatplacesofinterestarethereinYangzhou?—IrecommendtheSlenderWestLake.Aboattourisawonderful________!A.movement B.attraction C.experience D.research【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——扬州有哪些名胜古迹？——我推荐瘦西湖。乘船游览是一种美妙的体验！考查名词辨析。movement移动，转移；attraction有吸引力的事物；experience经历；research研究。根据“Aboattourisawonderful”可知，此处说的是一种体验/经历，故选C。9.Weneedtotellpeopletojustdoonesmallthingwell________100thingspoorly.A.aswellas B.insteadof C.accordingto D.becauseof【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我们需要告诉人们做好一件小事就可以，而不是糟糕地完成100件事。考查短语辨析。aswellas和，也；insteadof而不是；accordingto根据；becauseof由于。根据“doonesmallthingwell…100thingspoorly”可知，要好好地做一件事，而不是糟糕地完成100件事。故选B。10.Whileeveryone________thecomicspage,Ipickedupacopytoseewhatwassofunny.A.islaughingat B.laughedat C.laughsat D.waslaughingat【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：当每个人都在笑漫画页时，我拿起一本，想看看是什么这么好笑。考查动词时态和被动语态。laughat“嘲笑”，本文是while引导的时间状语从句，强调从句动作正在进行时主句动作发生，结合“Ipickedupacopy”可知，从句时态用过去进行时（was/weredoing），故选D。11—Ilikeyourteapot.Ithasaveryfunnybutinterestingshape.—Thankyou.It’saworkofart,butitisalso________forteamaking.A.natural B.practical C.equal D.general【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——我喜欢你的茶壶。它有一个非常有趣但有趣的形状。——谢谢。它是一件艺术品，但它也可以用来泡茶。考查形容词辨析。natural自然的；practical适用的，实际的；equal平等的；general普遍的。根据“It’saworkofart,butitisalso...forteamaking.”可知是指茶壶是一件艺术品，也适用于泡茶。故选B。12.Sandturnstoglasswhenit________bylightning.A.hits B.ishit C.ishitting D.willbehit【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：沙子被闪电击中会变成玻璃。考查语态。句子主语it指代的是“Sand”，与动词hit之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，陈述事实用一般现在时，故选B。13.Wedon’t________muchfromthekidsbecausetheycan’tunderstandthevalueofthiswork.A.express B.excuse C.expect D.explain【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我们对孩子们期望不高，因为他们无法理解这项工作的价值。考查动词辨析。express表达；excuse原谅；expect要求，指望；explain解释。根据“becausetheycan’tunderstandthevalueofthiswork.”可知，不能对孩子有太高的期望，故选C。14.—I’mwondering________atalowprice.—YoucanbookonethroughourofficialAPP.A.howIcanbuytheairticket B.howcanIbuytheairticketC.whenIcanbuytheairticket D.whencanIbuytheairticket【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——我想知道什么时候能买到便宜的机票。——您可以通过我们的官方APP预订。考查宾语从句。根据“I’mwondering”可知，句子含宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B和D；答句是订机票的方式，用how提问。故选A。15.—I’vemadelittleprogressinmymaths,LiMing.I’mreallyworried.—________,LiuMei.Ittakestime.A.Soundsgood B.Don’tmentionitC.That’sagoodidea D.Don’tworry【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：——李明，我的数学进步不大。我真的很担心。——别担心，刘梅。这需要时间。考查情景交际。Soundsgood听起来不错；Don’tmentionit别提了；That’sagoodidea这个主意真不错；Don’tworry别担心。根据“Ittakestime.”可知，此处应是安慰对方不要过于担心，故选D。二、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Jacksataloneonthebusridehomefromschool.Allhisfriendswere____16____theirclassprojectsexcitedly,butJackremainedsilent.Howcouldtheyunderstandhisfeelingswhentheirparentswouldhelpthem?Hisparentsworkedallthetime.Whenthebusstopped,heracedhome,____17____hisschoolbagonthefloor,andwalkedstraighttohisbedroom.“Jack?”Grandpa’s____18____calledout.“Wasthatyou?”Jackstopped____19____heclosedhisbedroomdoor.“Yes,Grandpa,it’sme.”GrandpaHigginscamefromthekitchencarryingasandwich.“Youdon’tsoundokay,”hesaidashetooka____20____.ShouldJacktellGrandpathetruth?Whatcouldithurt?Hequickly____21____theyshoulddoaclassprojectfortheweekendandtogethertheywouldbuildsomethingwithanadult.Thestudentsneededtomakea____22____toexplainhowtheirprojectshadgone.Grandpalistenedquietly.“____23____areyousounhappy?”Jackfelthis____24____andangerrisinginsidehim.“BecauseIdon’thaveanyonetohelpme.”Hesoundedsosadandsoangry.Grandparaisedhiseyebrows____25____.“WhatamI?”heaskedgently.Jackfroze.“You’dbuildaprojectwithme,Grandpa?”“Sure,Iwould,”Grandpasaid.“Justletmefinishthissandwich.”Jack’sheartseemedso____26____thathethoughtitwouldfloataway.Herushedtotheschoolbagand____27____hisassignmentpaper.Then,theystudiedtheassignmentandmadealistofideas.Finally,they____28____tobuildacardboardrobotfromoldbiscuitandnoodleboxes.Theyusedglue,staples,andtape.Grandpahelpedalotandhe____29____foundaboxofeyeballstickers.Whentheyfinished,Jacklookedattheirmisshapen(奇形怪状的)robot.Hecouldn’tstopsmiling.“Ithinkit’sthebest____30____Ihaveeverbuilt.NowIhavetowritemyreport,”Jacksaid,huggingGrandpa.“Thankyou,Grandpa.Ihadalotoffun.”16.A.discussing B.building C.reporting D.improving17.A.dropped B.hung C.stuck D.hid18.A.pronunciation B.voice C.noise D.sound19.A.if B.until C.before D.though20.A.break B.bite C.ride D.drink21.A.recommended B.considered C.confirmed D.explained22.A.change B.report C.robot D.choice23.A.How B.Where C.Why D.What24.A.sadness B.envy C.joy D.excitement25.A.inluck B.infear C.inanger D.insurprise26.A.heavy B.big C.light D.empty27.A.tookout B.putaway C.handedin D.cutoff28.A.promised B.forgot C.refused D.decided29.A.just B.even C.still D.ever30.A.room B.table C.schoolbag D.robot【答案】16.A17.A18.B19.C20.B21.D22.B23.C24.A25.D26.C27.A28.D29.B30.D【解析】【导语】本文讲述了杰克需要父母帮忙完成课堂专题项目，但他父母没有时间，这让杰克很沮丧。他的爷爷提出帮助他，于是二人共同完成了这个有趣的项目。【16题详解】句意：他所有的朋友都在兴奋地讨论他们的课堂计划，但杰克保持沉默。discussing讨论；building建造；reporting报告；improving提高。根据“theirclassprojectsexcitedly”可知，是在公交车上讨论课堂项目。故选A。【17题详解】句意：公共汽车停下来后，他跑回家，把书包扔在地板上，径直走向卧室。dropped扔；hung挂；stuck卡住；hid躲藏。根据“onthefloor”可知，是把书包仍在地上。故选A。【18题详解】句意：“杰克？”爷爷的声音喊道。“是你吗？”pronunciation发音；voice嗓音；noise噪音；sound声音。根据“Grandpa’s…calledout.”可知，是爷爷发出的声音，人的声音用voice。故选B。【19题详解】句意：杰克在关上卧室门之前停了下来。if如果；until直到；before在……之前；though虽然。根据“…heclosedhisbedroomdoor.”可知，是在关门前停下来。故选C。【20题详解】句意：他咬了一口三明治说。break打破；bite咬；ride骑；drink喝。根据“carryingasandwich”可知，是咬了一口三明治。故选B。【21题详解】句意：他很快解释说，他们应该在周末做一个课堂项目，和一个成年人一起建造一些东西。recommended推荐；considered考虑；confirmed确认；explained解释。根据爷爷说的“Youdon’tsoundokay”可知，接下来杰克会解释原因。故选D。【22题详解】句意：学生们需要做一份报告来解释他们的项目进展如何。change改变；report报告；robot机器人；choice选择。根据“toexplainhowtheirprojectshadgone”可知，是做一份报告来记录项目的进展。故选B。【23题详解】句意：你为什么这么不高兴？How怎样；Where在哪里；Why为什么；What什么。根据“BecauseIdon’thaveanyonetohelpme.”可知，爷爷问他为什么不开心。故选C。【24题详解】句意：杰克感到他的悲伤和愤怒在心里升起。sadness伤心；envy羡慕；joy愉快；excitement兴奋。根据“andanger”可知，是消极的词，没人帮他，他会伤心。故选A。【25题详解】句意：爷爷惊讶地扬起眉毛。inluck运气好；infear恐惧地；inanger生气地；insurprise惊讶地。根据“Grandparaisedhiseyebrows”可知，爷爷很惊讶，认为自己就可以帮助杰克。故选D。【26题详解】句意：杰克的心变得如此轻松，他以为它会飘走。heavy沉的；big大的；light轻的；empty空的。根据“hethoughtitwouldfloataway”可知，杰克感到轻松了。故选C。【27题详解】句意：他冲向书包，拿出作业纸。tookout拿出；putaway收拾好；handedin上交；cutoff切断。根据“Herushedtotheschoolbag”可知，是从书包里拿出作业纸。故选A。【28题详解】句意：最后，他们决定用旧饼干和面条盒制作一个纸板机器人。promised承诺；forgot忘记；refused拒绝；decided决定。根据“…tobuildacardboardrobot”可知，他们决定制作一个纸板机器人。故选D。【29题详解】句意：爷爷帮了很多忙，他甚至找到了一盒眼球贴纸。just仅仅；even甚至；still仍然；ever曾经。根据“Grandpahelpedalot…”可知，空处进一步说明爷爷是怎样帮忙的，even“甚至”符合语境。故选B。【30题详解】句意：我认为这是我制造过的最好的机器人。room房间；table桌子；schoolbag书包；robot机器人。根据“Jacklookedattheirmisshapen(奇形怪状的)robot”可知，他们建造的是机器人。故选D。三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，计30分）A阅读下列内容,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Chinahasmadegreatachievementsinbiodiversityprotection.BuildinganationalparksystemisoneofthegreatestjobsthatChinahasdonesofar.InOctober2021,China’sfirstfivenationalparksweredesignated(认定).Theyarehometonearly30%oftheearth’skeywildlifespecies(物种)foundinChina,coveringaprotectedlandareaof230,000squarekilometers.Thistablewillinformyouofthefirstfivenationalparks—China’streasuresinnature.NortheastChinaTigerandLeopardNationalParkLocations:HeilongjiangandJilinprovincesLandscapes:Mountains,hills,andvalleysRepresentativespecies:Siberiantiger,Amurleopard(豹)Progress:Increasingpopulationofprotectedanimalspeciesfromtheyearof2015to2022—Siberiantigers:27→50;Amurleopards:42→60SanjiangyuanNationalParkLocations:QinghaiProvinceandXizangAutonomousRegionLandscapes:Glaciers,snow-cappedmountains,high-altitudewetlands,deserts,alpinegrasslandsRepresentativespecies:Snowleopard,TibetanantelopeProgress:Atpresent,thevegetationcoverageofthegrasslandintheparkhasbeenover60%,whichisnearly5%higherthanthatin2015.GiantPandaNationalParkLocations:Sichuan,ShaanxiandGansuprovincesLandscapes:Mountains,basinsRepresentativespecies:Giantpanda,redpandaProgress:Itisprotectingover70%ofthewildgiantpandapopulationinthecountry.Thepopulationofprotectiveanimalsinthepark—Giantpandas50+;Sichuantakins1,300+WuyishanNationalParkLocations:FujianandJiangxiprovincesLandscapes:MountainsRepresentativespecies:Chinesepangolin,Cabot’stragopanProgress:Throughreasonabledevelopmentof10%ofitsarea,theparkhasholdsitsbiodiversityconservationin90%ofitsareaunderprotection.HainanTropicalRainforestNationalParkLocations:HainanProvinceLandscapes:MountainsRepresentativespecies:HainanblackcrestedgibbonProgress:ThepopulationofHainan’sblackcrestedgibboninthewild—1970s:2groupsof7individuals(个体);Atpresent:5groupsof36individuals31.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.WhenChina’sfirstfivenationalparkswerediscovered.B.SomegeneralinformationofChina’sfirstfivenationalpark!C.WhatchallengesChina’sfirstfivenationalparksarefacing.D.Someactionstoprotectthewildlifespeciesintheseparks.32.Accordingtothepassage,whichparkhasthemosttypesoflandscapes?A.WuyishanNationalPark.B.GiantPandaNationalPark.C.SanjiangyuanNationalPark.D.NortheastChinaTigerandLeopardNationalPark.33.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheprogressoftheparks?A. B.C. D.【答案】31.B32.C33.A【解析】【导语】本文是介绍中国首批五大国家公园的一些信息情况。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据“Thistablewillinformyouofthefirstfivenationalparks—China’streasuresinnature.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍中国首批五大国家公园的一些基本信息，故选B。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据“SanjiangyuanNationalPark”中的信息“Landscapes:Glaciers,snow-cappedmountains,high-altitudewetlands,deserts,alpinegrasslands”可知，三江源国家公园有最多种类的地形，故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“NortheastChinaTigerandLeopardNationalPark”中的信息“Progress:Increasingpopulationofprotectedanimalspeciesfromtheyearof2015to2022—Siberiantigers:27→50;Amurleopards:42→60”可知，从2015年到2022年，保护动物种群数量不断增加——东北虎：27→50；东北豹：42→60，故选A。BWhatwouldhappenifyoutriedtoblowasoap(肥皂)bubbleinbelow-freezingweather?Woulditfreezeandfalltotheground?Wouldyouhavetohititwithastonetobreakit?Thesequestionscameintomymindonecoldwinterday.Itwastoocoldtoplayinthesnow,butitwasaperfecttimetoexperimentwithblowingfrozenbubbles.Toblowfrozenbubbles,Ihadtowaituntiltheairoutsidewasverycold.Forthisactivity,thatmeant10degreesbelow0Fahrenheitorcolder.Ididn’thavethebubblethingsthatcomeinabottle,soIuseddish-washingsoap.Addingadropofglycerinmadethesoapworkevenbetter.Ichoseaplaceoutofthewind,andblewbubblesthesamewayIalwaysdo.Iwatchedtoseewhatwouldhappen.Here’swhatIlearned.Ifthetemperatureislowenough,theskinofthebubblefrosts(结霜)over,becomingcloudyinsteadofclear.Andwhataboutthoserainbowswirls(漩涡状物体)thatyouseeinsoapbubbles?Therainbowcolorsstayeven(均匀的)whenthebubblesfrost,buttheydon’tspinanymore.Thebubblesstillfloatintheair.Theydon’tfalltothegroundanyfasterthantheywouldonawarmsummerday.Whenthesefrozenbubblesbreak,theydon’tturnintotinydropsofsoapassummerbubblesdo.Theyturnintoshinyrainbowpiecesandflyslowlytotheground.Sometimesafrozenbubblewillrollacrossthesnowwithoutbreaking.Ifitbreaks,itmayleaveastrongbubbleskinontheground.Leavethebubblealoneanditmaystaythereforalongtime.SometimesIcouldcatchabubbleandholdituntiltheheatofmyhandmadeitpop.Ilearnedoneotherthingaboutblowingfrozenbubbles.It’ssomuchfun.Iwanttotryitagainnextyear!34.Howdoesthewriterbeginthepassage?A.Bycomparingtwotypesofbubbles.B.Bydescribingthefreezingcoldweather.C.Byaskingsomequestionsaboutthesubject.D.Bypresentingthetoolsneededtodotheexperiment.35.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A.Makingsoapthatcanworkevenbetter.B.Makingbubblesthatwillstaylonger.C.Inventinganewkindofsoapthatmakesclearerbubbles.D.Findingoutwhathappenstobubblesinfreezingtemperatures.36.Accordingtothepassage,whatwillhappenifyoublowfrozensoapbubbles?A.Coldenough,theskinofthebubbleswillstayclear.B.Whenthebubblesfrost,therainbowcolorswillspinfaster.C.Afrozenbubblemayrollacrossthesnowwithoutbreaking.D.Whenthesefrozenbubblesbreak,theyturnintotinydropsofsoap.37.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Ascienceclub B.BrokenbubblesC.Ahappychild D.Frozenbubbles【答案】34.C35.D36.C37.D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍作者为了查明在低于冰点的天气里吹肥皂泡会发生什么而做了一个实验。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据“Whatwouldhappenifyoutriedtoblowasoap(肥皂)bubbleinbelow-freezingweather...”可知作者通过几个问题引出文章的话题。故选C。【35题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了作者为了查明在低于冰点的天气里吹肥皂泡会发生什么，作者做了一个实验。故选D。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据“Sometimesafrozenbubblewillrollacrossthesnowwithoutbreaking”可知冰冻的气泡会在雪地上滚动而不破裂。故选C。【37题详解】最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了作者为了查明在低于冰点的天气里吹肥皂泡会发生什么，作者做了一个实验，故文章以“冻结的气泡”为标题最合适。故选D。CThatnight,July11,2022,NickBosticwasdrivingdownthestreetsofLafayette,Indiana,whenhefoundatwo-storyhousewasonfire.Flames(火焰)wereclimbingupthefrontporch.Withoutpausingforamomenttothinkaboutthedanger,Bosticstoppedhiscarandranfromthebackdoorintotheburningbuilding,whichbelongstotheBarrettfamily.Bostichadjuststartedclimbingthestairswhenhelookedupandsawfourfacesappearfromaroomatthetopofthestairsandlookdownathim,theireyeswide.“Yourhouseisonfire,youneedtogo!”Bosticyelled.Bostichurriedthefourgirlsintothefreshair.“Anybodyelseinthere?”Bosticasked.“Kaylaniisinthere!Wecan’tfindher!”Seionna,theeldestofthegirls,screamedreferringtohersix-year-oldsister.Withouthesitating,Bosticranbackinside.Bynow,thewholesideofthehousewasinflames.Bosticwentupstairs.Hesearchedeverybedroom.Nokid.Thesmokewasthicknow.HeliftedhisT-shirt,tryingtocoverhismouthandnosewhenheheardthesoundofcrying,fromthedarksmokebelow.Bosticfeltaboutintheblacknessandheat,movingdownstairstowardthesound.ThensuddenlyKaylaniwasinfrontofhim.Bosticquicklyliftedthegirlintohisarms.Whereisthefrontdoor?!Bosticrememberedseeingawindowonthesideofthehousewherethefirehadn’treached.Bosticclimbedbackup,madeittotheroomandbroketheglass,Kaylanistillinhisarms.BosticandKaylanilookeddownattheopengrassyspace.Thegirlsaid,“”Hewasthinkingtheexactsamething.Buttheyhadlittlechoice.Theflameswereinchingevercloser.HoldingKaylanitightlyinonearm,Bosticranforwardandthrewhimselfoutofthewindow.Hemanagedtolandontheothershoulder.Kaylaniwasalmostunhurt.Dayspassed.Bosticwokeupfromfirst-degreeburnstohislegandarm,Hefeltlikehe’djustdonewhatanyonewouldhavedoneinthatsituation.Butoutsidethehospital,thestoryofNickBosticwasalreadyspreading.Hewasahero—thepizzamanwhohadrunintoaburningbuildingnotonce,buttwice.38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hesitating”meaninParagraph5?A.交谈 B.犹豫 C.埋怨 D.期待39.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofthestory?a.BosticlookedforthedoorwithKaylaniinhisarms.b.Bosticledthefourgirlsoutintothefreshair.c.BosticwentupstairstosearcheverybedroomforKaylani.d.BosticjumpedoutofthewindowholdingKaylanitightlyinonearm.e.Bosticfollowedthesoundofcryingtothedarksmokebelow.A.cbade B.bcead C.ceabd D.baedc40.WhichsentenceshouldgointheemptyboxinParagraph3fromthebottom?A.Iwantmysisters!B.Wow,we’llbeheroes!C.Ican’tthankyoutoomuch.D.Idon’twanttojumpoutthewindow.41.Thepictureinthepassageishelpfulbecauseitshows________.A.whenKaylaniwasfoundB.howbraveKaylaniandBosticwereC.whatthetwo-storyhouseonfirewaslikeD.howtheherosavedKaylaniattheverymoment【答案】38.B39.B40.D41.D【解析】【导语】本文讲述了NickBostic遇到火灾时，勇敢地两次跑进燃烧的大楼成功地救人的故事。【38题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Withoutpausingforamomenttothinkaboutthedanger,Bosticstoppedhiscarandranfromthebackdoorintotheburningbuilding,whichbelongstotheBarrettfamily.”和“Withouthesitating,Bosticranbackinside.”可知Bostic在着火的情况下又跑回去救人，应是“毫不犹豫地”，划线部分“hesitating”意为“犹豫”。故选B。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据“Bostichurriedthefourgirlsintothefreshair.”；“Bynow,thewholesideofthehousewasinflames.Bosticwentupstairs.Hesearchedeverybedroom.Nokid.Thesmokewasthicknow.”可知，Bostic先催促四个女孩呼吸新鲜空气，接着去屋子里寻找Kaylani，即前两个事件顺序为bc。故选B。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据“BosticandKaylanilookeddownattheopengrassyspace.Thegirlsaid,‘...’Hewasthinkingtheexactsamething.”和“Buttheyhadlittlechoice.Theflameswereinchingevercloser.HoldingKaylanitightlyinonearm,Bosticranforwardandthrewhimselfoutofthewindow.(但他们别无选择。火焰越来越近了。Bostic紧紧地抱着Kaylani，向前跑去，从窗户跳了出去。)”可知此时他们的选择只有跳出窗外。选项D“我可不想从窗户跳下去。”符合语境。故选D。【41题详解】推理判断题。本文讲述了NickBostic遇到火灾时，勇敢地两次跑进燃烧的大楼成功地救人的故事，图片中“火灾中，一个男子抱着小女孩跳出窗户”的情景说明Bostic是如何在关键时刻救下Kaylani的。故选D。DThescientificmethodisusedforsimpleexperimentsthatstudentsmaydointheclassroomorverydifficultexperimentsthatscientistsaredoingallovertheworld.Itisawayofthinkingthathelpsyoutoavoiddrawingincorrectconclusions.Thereareusuallyfourstepsinthescientificmethod,includingobservation(观察),hypothesis(假设),experiment,andconclusion.Thestepsmaynotalwaysbecompletedinthesameorder,butthefirststepisusuallyobservationandaskingaquestionaboutyourobservation.Forexample,youhadasickstomach,andateacandybar.Anhourlater,youobservedthatyoufeltmuchbetter.Here,youcanaskaquestion,suchas,“Whatmakesasickstomachfeelbetter?”Thesecondstepistostateapossibleanswertothequestion,orahypothesis,suchas“”Agoodhypothesisincludesthreethings:Theexplanationfortheobservations,itisabletobetested,anditwillusuallypredictnewoutcomesorconclusions.Thethirdstepistheexperiment,totestthehypothesis.Anexperimentisatestwhichwilleitherchallengeorsupportthehypothesis.Thehypothesiswillthenbetrueorfalse.Thefinalstepistothinkaboutwhathappenedwhenyoutestedthehypothesisanddrawaconclusion.Theconclusionwilleitherclearlysupportthehypothesisoritwillnot.Iftheresultssupportthehypothesis,aconclusioncanbewrittenandyoucanshareitwiththerestoftheworld.Ifitdoesnotsupportthehypothesis,youmaychoosetochangethehypothesisorwriteanewonebasedonwhatwaslearnedduringtheexperiment.42.Whichsentencebestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?A.Howdothefourbasicstepsinthescientificmethodwork?B.Whatmakesagoodhypothesisbasedontheobservation?C.Theconclusionwillalwaysclearlysupportthehypothesis.D.Learningthescientificmethodmayhelpstudentssucceedinscience.43.WhichsentenceshouldgointheemptyboxinParagraph3?A.Acandybarmakesasickstomachfeelbetter.B.Itwasthemedicineyoutookanhourearlierthatmadeyoufeelbetter.C.Eatacandybaragain,andseewhathappenstoyoursickstomach.D.Askpeopleifeatingacandybarhasmadeasickstomachfeelbetter.44.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto(指的是)?A.Thehypothesis. B.Theconclusion.C.Thequestion. D.Theobservation.45.WhichofthefollowingsentencesabouttheexperimentisTRUE?A.Anexperimentisatesttoalwayssupportthehypothesis.B.Anexperimentdoesnothavetobepartofthescientificmethod.C.Anexperimentisatesttoeitherchallengeorsupportahypothesis.D.Anexperimentisonlyusedwhenscientistsaretryingtoproveahypothesis.【答案】42.A43.A44.B45.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了基本科学方法包括四个步骤：观察、假设、实验和结论。【42题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了基本科学方法包括四个步骤：观察、假设、实验和结论。选项A“科学方法的四个基本步骤是如何工作的？”最能表达出文章主旨。故选A。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据“Agoodhypothesisincludesthreethings:Theexplanationfortheobservations,itisabletobetested,anditwillusuallypredictnewoutcomesorconclusions.（一个好的假设包括三件事：对观察结果的解释，它能够被检验，它通常会预测新的结果或结论。）”可知A选项“一块糖能让恶心的胃感觉好一点。”是一个好的假设，是一个解释，且能够被检验。故选A。【44题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Theconclusionwilleitherclearlysupportthehypothesisoritwillnot.”可知此处“it”指代前面的“Theconclusion”，表示“结论要么明确地支持假设，要么结论不支持假设”。故选B。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据“Anexperimentisatestwhichwilleitherchallengeorsupportthehypothesis.”可知实验是一种挑战或支持假设的测试。故选C。四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）46.Followthesetips,andyoucanenjoyyoursummer________.(safe)【答案】safely【解析】【详解】句意：遵循这些提示，你就能安全地度过夏天。safe“安全的”，形容词，修饰动词“enjoy”用其副词形式。故填safely。47.ChineseLanguageDay________onApril20thofeveryyear,thesamedaywithGuyu.(fall)【答案】falls【解析】【详解】句意：每年的4月20日是中文日，与谷雨同日。由“everyyear”可知，时态为一般现在时；主语是“ChineseLanguageDay”，动词用三单，故填falls。48.Itseemsthatfamiliesare________moreandmoretimetogether.(spend)【答案】spending【解析】【详解】句意：似乎家人在一起的时间越来越多了。spend“花（时间）”，空处应填spend的现在分词与are构成现在进行时结构，故填spending。49.Westudentsnowuse________throwawayproductsthanbefore.(few)【答案】fewer【解析】【详解】句意：我们学生现在使用的一次性产品比以前少了。few“少的”，修饰名词“throwawayproducts”，根据“thanbefore”可知，用比较级形式。故填fewer。50.Theartistsare________totellgoodChinesestoriesintheirfavoriteartforms.(encourage)【答案】encouraged【解析】【详解】句意：艺术家们被鼓励用他们喜欢的艺术形式讲好中国故事。句子主语与动词之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态，空前有are，此处动词用过去分词，故填encouraged。51.Inthese________,eachplanthasitsownstorytotell.(花园)【答案】gardens【解析】【详解】句意：在这些花园里，每种植物都有自己的故事要讲。空前有these修饰，名词应用复数形式，故填gardens。52.Myunclelivesinatown________kilometersfromYangzhou.(十五)【答案】fifteen【解析】【详解】句意：我叔叔住在离扬州十五公里远的一个镇上。fifteen“十五”，是基数词，此处表示数量，应用基数词，故填fifteen。53.Sincehehadnomusical________,hemademusicwithcommonobjects.(乐器)【答案】instruments【解析】【详解】句意：由于他没有乐器，所以他用普通的物品创作音乐。instrument“乐器”，可数名词，此处用复数形式表泛指。故填instruments。54.She’snota________motherwithrulesforeverylittlething.(严格)【答案】strict【解析】【详解】句意：她不是一个对每一件小事都有规定上文严格的母亲。“严格的”strict，形容词作定语修饰名词mother，故填strict。55.Nomatterhowtimeschange,the________ofLeiFengwillalwaysberelevant.(精神)【答案】spirit【解析】【详解】句意：无论时代如何变化，雷锋精神始终是重要的。精神：spirit，此处用名词原形。故填spirit。五、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分）阅读短文，回答下面5个问题。（每题答案不超过10个词）Robertawokeupearlythenextmorning.ThenshewokeupPhyllisandPeter.“We’reinthenewhouse.Therearenoservantshere.WemusthelpMothernow,”whisperedRoberta.Carefullythethreechildrenlitthefireandfilledakettle(水壶)withwater.Theyhungthekettleabovethefire.“Motherisn’tawakeyet.Let’sgooutsideandsitonthatflatstone,”saidRoberta.“Perhapswewillseeatraingoby.”WhenMothercameoutateighto’clock,Roberta,PeterandPhylliswereallfastasleepinthesunshine.Theyhadputthekettleonthefireatfiveo’clock:threehoursago.Allthewaterhadboiledaway(烧干).Nowtherewasaholeinthebottomofthekettle.Thefirehadgoneout.“Nevermind,”laughedMother.“Wecanboilsomewaterinapan.AndI’vefoundthedinner.”Sheledthemintothekitchenandpointedtoadoor.“Lastnight,Ithoughtthiswasacupboard.Itwassodark.Butlook,”shesaid.Motheropenedthedoorandthechildrensawalittleroomwithatableinthemiddle.Onittherewasroastbeef,breadandbutter,cheeseandanapplepie.“Applepieforbreakfast,”criedPeter.“Whatfun!”Itwasawonderfulbreakfast.Everyonewasveryhungry.“Itfeelslikedinnerbecausewewereupsoearly,”saidPeter,ashepassedhisplateformoreapplepie.Whenthechildrenhadfinished,theyhelpedMotherputeverythingawayintherightplace.ThenMothersaid,“I’mtired.I’mgoingtoliedownforawhile.Goouttoplaybutpleasebecareful.”Roberta,PeterandPhyllislookedateachother.Theywereallthinkingthesamething.“Let’sgodowntotherailway,”criedRoberta.“Listen!”saidPhyllis.“IthinkIcanhearatrain.”Peterasked,“Doyouthinkit’sgoingtoLondon?”“FatherisinLondon,”repliedRoberta.“Let’sgotothestationandfindout.”—TakenfromTheRailwayChildren56.Whendidthechildrengetup?____________________________________________________________57.Whathappenedtothekettlewhenthewaterboiledaway?____________________________________________________________58.Howdidthechildrenlikethebreakfast?______