被动语态复习牛津译林版八年级英语下册

1.被动语态在各种时态下的构成时态结构一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词一般过去时was/were+过去分词一般将来时will/shall/begoingtobe+过去分词现在进行时am/is/are+being+过去分词过去进行时was/were+being+过去分词现在完成时have/hasbeen+过去分词过去完成时hadbeen+过去分词过去将来时would/should/begoingtobe+过去分词情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词（其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变）2.及物动词后跟双宾语的句子，被动语态有两种。常见的有：主动语态被动语态bringsb.sth.把某物带给某人sbbebroughtsth/sthbebroughttosblendsb.sth.把某物借给某人sbbelentsth/sthbelenttosboffersb.sth.将某物给某人sbbeofferedsth/sthbeofferedtosbpasssb.sth.把某物递给某人sbbepassedsth/sthbepassedtosbpaysb.sth.付给某人某物（钱）sbbepaidsth/sthbepaidtosbsendsb.sth.把某物送给某人sbbesentsth/sthbesenttosbsellsb.sth.把某物卖给某人sbbesoldsth/sthbesoldtosbshowsb.sth.拿某物给某人看sbbeshownsth/sthbeshowntosbteachsb.sth.教某人某物sbbetaughtsth/sthbetaughttosbtellsb.sth.告诉某人某情况sbbetoldsth/sthbetoldtosbbuysb.sth.为某人买某物sbbeboughtsth/sthbeboughtforsbmakesb.sth.为某人制作某物sbbemadesth/sthbemadeforsbProvidesbwithsth为某人提供某物Sbbeprovidedwithsth/sthbeprovidedforsb例句：政府提供给贫困地区的孩子书本1.Thegovernmentprovidesbooksforchildreninpoorareas.→Booksareprovidedforchildreninpoorareas(bygovernment).2.Thegovernmentprovideschildreninpoorareaswithbooks.→Childreninpoorareasareprovidedwithbooks(bygovernment).3.Thegovernmentofferschildreninpoorareasbooks.→Childreninpoorareasareofferedbook(bygovernment).4.Thegovernmentoffersbookstochildreninpoorareas.→Booksareprovidedtochildreninpoorareas(bygovernment).3.感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice及使役动词let,make,have等，动词后省略to不定式，变为被动语态时，应加上不定式符合to.一感Feel二听HearListento三让letmakehave四看seenoticewatchLookat例：Ialwaysseetheboysplayinthepark.(变成被动语态)Theboysarealwaysseentoplaybymeinthepark.例1：Hewasmade___alotofwork.A.do B.todo C.didD.doing例2：Hewasseensomethingfromtheshop.A.stealB.tostealC.tobestolenD.stealed例3：Amanwasseen_________(enter)theroomwhenIpassedtheroom.4：无被动现象&主动形式表被动①不及物动词不用于被动语态，如appear,rise,eout,happen,occur,lie,takeplace等不及物动词不能用于被动语态。例句：Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.V.S.Thepeopleraisetheirhands.Thepriceofthehousesrisesalot.V.S.peopleraisethepriceofhouses.例1：Greatchanges______________place.Manynewschools______________.

A.havetaken,havebeenopenedB.take,areopen

C.aretaken,openD.havebeentaken,areopened例2：Astrangething_____inourschoolyesterday.

A.washappenedB.hasbeenhappenedC.happenedD.wasgoingtohappen②某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义。常见系动词：be动词2.感官类系动词smell/look/sound/feel/taste3.变化类系动词go/bee/turn/get/grow4.保持类系动词keep/stay/remain5.seem/prove/turnout例：Herbedroomlooksverycleanandtidy.她的卧室看起来非常干净和整洁。例Doyoulikethematerial?

Yes,it___verysoft.

A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt

③某些作表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。例：Theconversationishardtounderstand.对这话很难理解。Thefishisnoteasytofish.鱼不容易钓。Thepassageisdifficulttoread.这段文章很难读懂。例：Itisdifficultforaforeigner____Chinese．A.writeB.towriteC.tobewrittenD.written④动名词的主动形式表示被动语态。如：need,require，want等，并且可相互转化，如needdoing=needtobedone。另外worth也可以表示被动意义，beworthdoing例：Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得一读。Thechildrenneedlookingafter.孩子们需要照看。例：Thepositiondoesn’t____anymore.A.needtobecorrectingB.needtobecorrectedC.needbecorrectedD.needbecorrecting例：Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?

Oh,excellent.It'sworth___asecondtime.

A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread

例：Thetouristattractionisworth_________.（双解）VisitingB.avisitC.visitedD.beingvisited⑤write,sell,wash和read和副词连用，主动语态表被动意义。例：Thepenwritessmoothly.这笔写起来很顺手。Thearticlereadswell.这篇文章读起来很好。例：Thekindofcloth________well.washB.iswashedC.washesD.iswashing✭常见动词及动词词组被动对比无被动有被动Breakout爆发breakdown故障breakinto闯入etrue梦想成真Realize/achieve实现eout出版publish出版Runout用尽useup用完/runoutofTakeplace发生，举行hold举行Sellwell卖得好Sellout卖光Rise上升（价格、太阳、温度）Raise筹集、饲养、上升（国旗、货物）5：一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。例：Wecan'tlaughathim.→Hecan'tbelaughedatbyus.例：单选题1.Ithinkmuchattention____yourpronunciation.A.mustbepaidtoB.oughttopaidto C.mustpayto