单元提升卷05选必一Unit5WorkingtheLand（原卷版）

单元提升卷05Unit5WorkingtheLand单元基础知识巩固Ⅰ.核心单词1._______________________ n.不足;缺少;短缺2._______________________ vt.解决(难题);应付(局面);处理3._______________________ n.现实;实际情况;事实4._______________________ vt.使相信;使确信;说服5._______________________ n.假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权利的)获得6._______________________ vt.(通常经过努力)获得;得到7._______________________ vt.克服;解决;战胜8._______________________ adj.热切的;十分强烈的;激烈的9._______________________ vt.产生;引起10._______________________ adj.完全必要的;极其重要的Ⅱ.拓展单词1.devotevt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于→_______________________adj.专心的→_______________________n.献身,热爱2.deepadj.深的→_______________________n.向下(或向里)的距离;深(度)3.expandv.扩大;发展→_______________________n.扩大,发展4.conventionn.惯例;常规;习俗→_______________________adj.习惯的,传统的5.charactern.个性;品质;字符;人物→____________________n.特征;特点;品质adj.典型的;独特的6.estimatevt.估计→_______________________n.估算;估价7.consumev.消费→_______________________n.消费→_______________________n.消费者8.nutritionn.营养;滋养→___________________adj.有营养的→___________________adj.营养(物)的9.digestv.消化→_______________________n.消化;领悟10.entireadj.整个的;完全的;全部的→_____________________adv.完全地;全然地;整个地III.核心短语1._______________________把……用于;献身;致力;专心2._______________________ 包括;由……组成(或构成)

3._______________________ 在内心深处;本质上;实际上

4._______________________ 相应地;转而;依次;轮流

5._______________________ 例如;比如

6._______________________ 转向

7._______________________ 使……免受(影响、伤害等)

8._______________________ 扩大成/发展成为……

9._______________________通过不懈的努力10._______________________ 几乎相反,远非;远离

一、单句语法填空1．(essential),wearetalkingabouttheworldwarperiod.2．Thepany,NewEnglandElectric,burnscoal(generate)power.3．Itisunwiseto(estimate)youropponent’sstrengthandintelligence.4．Thewastewaterfromthenearbyfactoryhastobe(chemical)treated.5．Peopletendtohaveapreferencefor(organic)grownvegetables.6．Agriculturecouldbeethegrowthengineforhungerreductionandpoverty(alleviate).7．SomedifferencesbetweenChineseandforeignsocialmedia(root)incultureandlanguage.8．Childrenwithpoornutritionaresupposedtoeatfoodrichinvitaminsand(mineral).9．ThereisagreatdemandforvolunteersinAfricabecausemanypeoplelivein(poor).10．Sofar,asurveyoftheBritishdiet(reveal)thatagrowingnumberofpeopleareoverweight.11．We’relookingforaheadmaster,onewhowilldevotehimself(entire)tothecauseofeducation.12．Allhertimedevotedto(do)experiments,shehasnotimeforentertainment.13．Thepathextendedintothe(deep)oftheforest.14．Ifyouareinneedofan(extend)ofthedeadline,simplyexplainthesituationtotheprofessor.15．In(real),manywomenareforcedtomakeachoicebetweenfamilyandcareer.16．Peopleonlybeetrue(celebrity)whentheymaintainahighprofilebothintheirprofessionalandprivatelives.17．Althoughthefuel(consume)isgreaterinthenorthernhemisphere,temperaturesthereseemtobefalling.18．Eventhoughourearthisrichinwaterresource,thereisstilla(short)ofwaterinmanyplacesbecauseoceanwatercan’tbeuseddirectly.19．Theteacher’sselfless(devote)tothecauseofeducationiswellknown,andallherstudentsrespectandloveher.20．Theymighthelpreduceenergy(consume).21．Asshewrote,shecouldsmellthe(salt)air,hearthecrashingwavesandfeelthepullofthesandbeneathherfeet.22．After(graduate)fromcollege,hewenttotheUnitedStatesforfurtherstudy.23．It(estimate)thattheprojectwilllastfouryears.24．Iyieldedtemptationandhadachocolatebar.25．causedtheaccidenttohappenhasn’tbeenmadeclearyet.26．remainsimportantisthatwehaveanincredibledesiretothinkandcreate.27．wesucceedorfaildependsonoureffortandperseverance.28．VisitorsgototheGettythinkingtheyarevisitingamuseumwithworksofartontheinside.theydiscoverinsteadisaworkofartwithamuseuminside.29．ItisnotclearMichaelwillgocampingontheweekend.30．wecangetintouchwithhimisthemostimportant.高考能力提升二、阅读理解ATherearemanyscientificbreakthroughsmadebywomenintheAntarctic.HerearefourlandmarksinAntarcticaandthefemalepioneersthey’renamedafter.JonesTerraceTheicefreeterraceineasternAntarctica’sVictoriaLandbearsJones’name.In1969,geochemistLoisM.JonesledthefirstallfemaleresearchteamfromtheU.S.toworkinAntarctica.JonesandherteamstudiedchemicalweatheringintheMcMurdoDryValleys,anicefreeareaofAntarctica.Throughchemicalanalysesofrockstheyhadcollected,Jonesandherteamdiscoveredmanygeochemicalcharacteristicsofthevalley’sicecoveredlakes.MountFiennes8,202foothighMountFiennes,locatedonAntarctica’slargestisland—AlexanderIsland—isnamedafterGinnyFiennes.Sheestablishedandmaintained80foottallradiotowersintheAntarcticwithhercolleagues.In1985,FiennesbecamethefirstfemaleinvitedtojointheAntarcticClub,aBritishsupperclubopentoindividualswhohavespentextendedtimeintheAntarcticregion.FrancisPeakThe3,727foottallpeakonAntarctica’sAdelaideIslandisnamedafterDameJaneFrancis,whoisthefirstfemaledirectoroftheBritishAntarcticSurvey,thenationalpolarresearchinstituteoftheUK.HercollectionoffossilsonSeymourIslandhelpedconcludeina2021paperthatAntarctica’sabundantplantfossilsindicatethecontinentoncehadamuchwarmerclimatethanitcurrentlydoes.PedenCliffsPedenCliffsnearAntarctica’sMarieByrdLandareproofofthelaborofIrenePeden.ShewasthefirstAmericanfemalescientisttobothliveandworkintheAntarctic,wheresheusedradiowavestostudyicesheets.Pedenandherteamdeterminedhowverylowfrequencyradiowavespreadoverlongpolardistancesbymeasuringpathwaysintheice.TheyalsousedvaryingradiowavefrequenciestomeasurethethicknessofAntarctica’sicesheets.31．Whatdothefirsttwopioneershaveinmon?A．TheyanalyzeddifferentchemicalsofrocksinAntarctica.B．TheybothworkedwiththeirownteaminAntarctica.C．TheyconductedtheresearchintheicefreeareasinAntarctica.D．TheyjoinedtheAntarcticClubfortheirstayinAntarctica.32．WhoprovedtheprevioushighertemperaturesoftheAntarctic?A．LoisM.Jones. B．GinnyFiennes.C．DameJaneFrancis. D．IrenePeden.33．WhatisthescientificbreakthroughofIrenePeden?A．ShewasthefirstAmericanscientisttoexploretheAntarctic.B．Shemeasuredthespreadingfrequenciesofradiowaves.C．ShefoundoutthethicknessofAntarctica’sicesheets.D．ShediscoveredalotoficecoveredlakesintheAntarctic.BItwasinabrightlylitroominMexicoCity,Mexico,thatonJune18,2014itwasannouncedthatIndiabornDrSanjayaRajaramhadbeennamedthewinneroftheWorldFoodPrize.DrRajaramwonthisawardforsuccessfullycrossbreeding(杂交)thewinterandspringwheat(小麦)varieties,whichhavebeentwodistinctandisolatedgenepools(分离的基因库)sincethebeginningoffarming.Andbecauseofthisbreakthrough,thescientisthasbeenabletobreedover480wheatvarieties.BorninVaranasiin1943,DrRajaramlivedwithhisfamilyoffaplotoflandgrowingwheat,riceandmaize.“AftermyeducationhereinIndia,IwentofftoAustraliaformyPhDandsoonIjoinedCIMMYT(theInternationalMaizeandWheatImprovementCentre)inMexico,wheremycareerasaplantbreederstarted,”saidDrRajaram.“Everycountryisunique—thereareclimatesystems,culture,thefinancialsituationandeachofthenationsIvisitedneededadifferentsetofsolutions,”saidDrRajaram.Hissolutionsbecamepartofwhatiswidelydescribedastheworld’sfirst“wheatnetwork”,aglobalexchangeof“geneticinformationandinnovationsamongresearchers”.Hisvarietiesofwheatwerestronginnutrition,delayed(延迟)theattackofsomeplantdiseasesandwereabletosurvivetheseverestofconditions.Afternearlyhalfacenturyinthefield,DrRajaramsaidhisworkwasstillnotfinished.“Inscience,youneverstoplearning.IhavebeendoingthisallmylifeandI’veneverreallyhadtimeforanythingelse.Asfarashobbiesgo,well,there’sabitofmusicIliketolistentoandthat’sprettymuchit.Ihavebeenonalongjourneyofpushingtheboundaries(边界)ofwhat’spossibleandtoday,there’sstillworkleft.Learningmustneverstopandtheworldmustnotgohungry.”34．WhywasDrRajaramawardedtheWorldFoodPrize?A．Heimprovedseveralwheatvarietiesgenetically.B．Hecrossbredthewinterandspringwheatvarieties.C．Hesuccessfullybredtwowheatvarieties.D．Hefoundthedifferencebetweenthewinterandspringwheatvarieties.35．WhendidDrRajaramstarttoworkonplantbreeding?A．DuringhiscollegeyearsinIndia.B．WhiledoinghisPhDinAustralia.C．AfterbeingamemberofCIMMYTinMexico.D．Whilelivingwithhisfamilynearwheatgrowingland.36．WhatisoneadvantageofthewheatvarietiesdevelopedbyDrRajaram?A．Theycanbeplantedinanyseason.B．Theyarefreefromtheattackofsomepantdiseases.C．Theycangrowwellinterribleenvironments.D．Theycangrowtallerthantraditionalones.37．WhatcanwelearnaboutDrRajaramfromthelastparagraph?A．Hewastoobusywithworktodevelopanyhobby.B．Hewasn’tsatisfiedwiththeresultsofhisresearch.C．Heplannedtodoresearchinanewfieldofscience.D．Hemadehismindtoworkonworldfoodproblems.三、完形填空Farmsarethebiggestusersoffreshwaterresources.TheFoodandAgricultureOrganisationsaysagricultureusesseventypercentofallsurfacewatersupplies.Thatistheworld38.Withouttherightmeasures,agriculturecanbeamajorcauseofwaterpollution.Butsolutionsdonothaveto39much.Therearesimplemethodsforfarmsofanysizetoreduceor40pollutionofwatersupplies.Wearegoingtotalkaboutafewofthem.Thefirst41fertilisersandpoisons.Onewaysuchchemicalscanentertheenvironmentiswhentheyarenotstoredcorrectly.Storedchemicalscanslowly42thesoilandgetintogroundwater.Tohelpavoidsuchproblems,chemicalsshouldbekeptinstructureswithafloormadeofcement(水泥).Farmanimalscanalsopollutewatersupplies.Animalslikecattle,pigs,sheepandgoatsareoftenleftto43ongrassinopenfieldsbystreamsorrivers.Largeanimalsloosendirtandrocksastheywalkalongwaterwaystodrink.Animal44alsoenterswatersupplies.Expertssayitisimportanttokeeplargefarmanimalsawayfromwatersupplieswiththeuseofafenceor45.Insteadofleadinganimalstowater,bringthewatertothem.Farmerscansendwaterthroughpipestowateringareasfortheiranimalswithpumps46byelectricityorfuel.Humanpoweredtreadlepumpsareanothersolution.Trees,bushesandsmallerplantscanactas47barriersalongstreamsandrivers.Bushesprovideexcellentgroundcover48grownnearwaterways.Animals49busheswithsharpthorns(尖刺).Treerootsprovidenaturalsupportforsoil.Treesplantednearwaterwayshelpstopsoillossfromheavyrains.They50helpkeepthesunfromdryingoutsoil.Theyholdsoilinplaceduringrainsand51thewaterflow.Thesemethodswillnotsolveallwaterqualityproblems,52theyaregoodfirststeps.38．A．level B．storage C．average D．problem39．A．reduce B．take C．matter D．cost40．A．consider B．create C．prevent D．rescue41．A．dealswith B．takesover C．paysfor D．adaptsto42．A．goup B．stretchin C．makefor D．leakinto43．A．feed B．go C．endanger D．keep44．A．fat B．waste C．food D．medicine45．A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything46．A．attracted B．used C．made D．powered47．A．wellequipped B．responsible C．strong D．natural48．A．when B．unless C．incase D．until49．A．choose B．protect C．enjoy D．avoid50．A．easily B．hardly C．also D．either51．A．destroy B．ease C．speedup D．stop52．A．though B．but C．so D．therefore阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。JiaSixie,authorofChina’sfirstagriculturalencyclopedia(百科全书),wasoneoftheleadingagronomists(农学家)inChinesehistory.InthelateyearsoftheNorthernWeiDynasty,hewroteQiminYaoshu,the53(early)andmostpleteagriculturalencyclopediastillinexistenceinChina.JiaSixiewasborninYiduCountyinShandongProvince.Duringhischildhood,Jia’sfamilywasn’twealthy,buthad54richcollectionofbooks.ThisprovidedtheyoungJiawithanopportunitytoreadancientChineseliterature55(wide)onagriculture.HepletedQiminYaoshuduringthewars,whenhesawamountsof