大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷53（共230题）

大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷53（共9套）（共230题）大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷第1套一、词汇理解(本题共30题，每题1.0分，共30分。)Somesayitisevidentthatcomputerscandamageaperson'seyesight.Sincethepopularityofcomputersbegantoskyrocket,therehavebeenquestions【C1】______withcomputerscreensandeyestrain.Thereareplentyofsymptomsthatoftenshowupasaresultofeyestrainfromcomputerscreens.Itmayfirststartwithalittle【C2】______Then,itmayprogresstodryeyes,【C3】______visionandevenheadaches.However,theextenttowhichcomputerscreensdamageeyesightis【C4】______unclear.Takingatento15minutes'breakeveryhourwhileworkingisagoodwaytohelpavoidthisandrestyoureyes,thoughyour【C5】______maynotbeasgenerouswithyourbreakperiods.Ifpossible,breakupcomputertasksandnon-computertasksthroughoutthedayasmuchaspossible.Oneofthemajorimprovementsincomputerscreenshasalsohelped.Still,evenanLCDscreen,ifitisnotadjusted【C6】______orifitistoobright,canbejustashardontheeyes.ThisisveryimportantasmanypeopletendtokeeptheirLCDscreenstoobright,simplybecausetheyarenotviewingthemfromaproperangleandmaybetryingto【C7】______forthe"screendoor"effect.Fortunately,mostoftheeyedamage,ifitistobecalledthat,resultingfromtheuseofcomputerscreenstendstobea【C8】______situation.Oncetheeyesarerestedlongenough,thesymptomstendtoquicklygoaway.However,iftheeyesarenot【C9】______rested,thesymptomsmayreturnquickerthantheyappearedatfirstoncecomputeractivities【C10】______A)somewhatB)principalC)temporaryD)vulnerableE)sorenessF)properlyG)sufficientlyH)wherebyI)compensateJ)employersK)associatedL)prospectM)blurredN)proceededO)resume1、【C1】标准答案：K知识点解析：…withcomputerscreensandeyestrain作后置定语，修饰名词questions，因此空格处应填入动词分词，且能与with搭配。词库中associated符合句意，指这些问题把电脑屏幕和眼睛疲劳“联系”起来。2、【C2】标准答案：E知识点解析：空格是介词with的宾语，为名词。此处指出视觉疲劳最先出现的症状，名词词库中soreness符合句意，表明视觉疲劳最先的症状是眼睛感到“酸痛”。3、【C3】标准答案：M知识点解析：空格后是名词，且与前面的dryeyes为并列关系，由此可见空格处最有可能是形容词，说明视觉疲劳对视力的影响，分词blurred符合句意，blurredvision意为“视觉模糊”。4、【C4】标准答案：A知识点解析：空格所在定语从句主语、系动词、表语都有，可见空格应该是副词，修饰unclear。此处选用somewhat最为合适，意为“电脑对视力的影响程度还不怎么清楚”。5、【C5】标准答案：J知识点解析：空格前的形容词性物主代词提示此处应填入名词，句末提到的“对休息时间没那么大方”可推知此处说的是上司或老板，故选employer。6、【C6】标准答案：F知识点解析：空格所在句子的主句内容是“液晶屏也可能对眼睛造成伤害”，if从句用以说明液晶屏会伤害眼睛的条件，该从句主谓结构完整，由此可见应填入副词，properly代入文中意为“如果液晶屏调试不得当”，符合句意。7、【C7】标准答案：I知识点解析：空格在不定式标记to之后，应为动词原形，并可与介词for连用。此句说明为什么许多人喜欢把液晶屏的亮度调高，compensate符合句意，该句的意思是：人们喜欢把液晶屏调得很亮，以“抵消”因为看液晶屏的角度不正确而造成的“纱门效应”的影响。8、【C8】标准答案：C知识点解析：此处应为名词、形容词或分词，作situation的定语。句子开头的fortunately(庆幸的是)表明此处应该讲电脑对眼睛的影响并不是太糟糕，故选temporary“短暂的”。9、【C9】标准答案：G知识点解析：however表明此句与上句形成对比，上句讲的是得到足够的休息(restedlongenough)，由此可知，本句讲的是休息不充分。空格处应填入副词，词义与longenough接近，词库中sufficiently符合语义。10、【C10】标准答案：O知识点解析：once引导的条件从句里，缺少谓语，因此空格处应该是动词。该从句是对现在的假设，谓语动词应使用一般现在时。thesymptomsmayreturn肯定与继续使用电脑有关，resume符合此处语义。注意，不要受空格前的theyappeared时态的误导，错误断定此处要使用过去时。Anewstudyfindsthatevenmildstresscanaffectyourabilitytocontrolyouremotions.AteamofneuroscientistsatNewYorkUniversitysaythattheirfindingssuggestthatcertain【C1】______thatteachpeoplehowtobettercontroltheiremotions—suchasthoseusedtotreatsocialanxietyandphobias—maynotworkaswellduringstressfulsituations."Wehavelongsuspectedthatstresscan【C2】______ourabilitytocontrolouremotions,butthisisthefirststudytodocumenthowevenmildstresscanundercuttherapiesdesignedtokeepouremotionsin【C3】______saidseniorauthorandpsychologyprofessorElizabethPhelps."Inotherwords,whatyoulearnintheclinicmaynotbeas【C4】______intherealworldwhenyou'restressed."Tohelppatientslearnto【C5】______theiremotionalimpairment,therapistssometimesusecognitiverestructuringtechniquesencouragingpatientstoaltertheirthoughtsorapproachtoasituationtochangetheiremotionalresponse.Thesemightincludefocusingonthepositiveornon-threateningaspectsofaneventor【C6】______thatmightnormallyproducefear.Totesthowthesetechniquesholdupinreal-lifesituations,theteam【C7】______agroupof78volunteers,whoviewedpicturesofsnakesandspiders.Someofthepictureswerepairedwithanelectricshock,andparticipants【C8】______developedafearofthesepictures.Thesubjects"reportedmore【C9】______feelingsoffearwhenviewingthepictures,comparedwithwhentheyviewedimagesnotpairedwithashock."Nexttheparticipantsweretaughtcognitivestrategies,similartothose【C10】______bytherapistsandknownascognitive-behavioraltherapy,tolearntodiminishthefearsbroughtonbytheexperiment.A)checkB)regulateC)eventuallyD)consequencesE)impairF)stimulusG)bleakH)enlistedI)relevantJ)prescribedK)therapiesL)confinedM)incidentallyN)intenseO)breach11、【C1】标准答案：K知识点解析：填入空格的词在定语从句(thatteachpeople…)充当主语，可知此处应填入名词复数形式。根据后面的内容“教人们如何控制情绪”、“治疗社交焦虑和恐惧”，可以推断空格所需的名词应该与“疗法”有关，故从名词库中选用therapies。12、【C2】标准答案：E知识点解析：情态动词can提示此处需填入动词原形。文章首句提到，有新研究发现甚至连轻微的压力都可以影响(affect)人们控制情绪的能力。此处表达类似的意义，填入空格的词应与affect近义，impair符合语义。13、【C3】标准答案：A知识点解析：介词in提示空格处需填入名词。句中的designedto…为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰therapies。而这些疗法的目的在于帮助人们控制情绪，因此选check一词，keepemotionsincheck意为“控制情绪”。14、【C4】标准答案：I知识点解析：空格前的as常用于表示比较，其后通常为形容词或副词，根据as前面的系动词be确定空格应为形容词．作be的表语。Inotherwords表明本句是对上一句内容的解释，由此推断，此处说的是：医院教你的方法未必在现实世界中能“起作用”，词库中的relevant表达相近的意思。15、【C5】标准答案：B知识点解析：learn常用于learntodosth．，因此空格处应填入动词原形。emotionalimpairment“精神障碍”提示填入的动词应包含“控制”、“调节”之类的意思，词库中regulate符合句意。16、【C6】标准答案：F知识点解析：空格后的定语从句表明空格应为名词，作从句的先行词。根据从句内容“……通常可引起恐惧”，推断空格处填入stimulus“刺激物”。17、【C7】标准答案：H知识点解析：根据主谓宾结构可知此处应填入谓语动词。从句中的动词viewed提示，本题空格应该填入动词过去式，enlisted符合句意，表示研究人员“招募了”78名志愿者作为受试者。18、【C8】标准答案：C知识点解析：空格位于句子的主语和谓语之间，应为副词。eventually“最终”填入文中能体现前后两个分句的先后顺序，符合语义。词库中的incidentally虽可修饰动词，但不符合文章语境，科学研究不可能用“偶然”事件作为研究结果。19、【C9】标准答案：N知识点解析：比较级标记more和名词feelings提示，此处应为形容词。本句对比了伴有电击的图片和没有电击的图片对受试者的影响，结合上句内容可知，蛇和蜘蛛的图片会让人产生恐惧，而伴有电击的图片会让恐惧感更“强烈”，故此处选用intense。20、【C10】标准答案：J知识点解析：由空格后的bytherapists可推知，此处需要填入动词的过去分词作those的后置定语，those指代下文的cognitive-behavioraltherapy，疗法得由治疗师开出，故prescribed符合语法和语义。Ratherthanusingcustommachinetoolstobuildearlymodelsofnewparts,Fordisnowusing3-Dprintingtechnologytodesignandtestitsengineers'latestideas.Thenewmethodallowsproductdeveloperstohavea【C1】______intheirhandsinaslittleasaweekaftertheycreateanewdesign—comparedwithhavingtowaitthreetofourmonths【C2】______"We'rebuildingmoreandmorepartseverydayusingthis【C3】______,"saysHaroldSears,atechnicalexpertinrapidmanufacturingatFord'sdesignfacilityinDearborn,Mich.Ford'snewhybridtransmissionwasdevelopedona3-Dprinterthatcostsabout$300,000andwhichcanturnapileofaluminumpowderintoaworkingprototypeinadayortwo.Whilelow-cost3-Dprintingbyconsumersandsmallbusinesseslookslikeamarketnowreadyfortakeoff,largebusinesseshavealready【C4】______advancedversionsofthetechnology.Theresulthasbeena【C5】______improvementintheproduct-developmentprocessacrossawiderangeofindustries,includingthe【C6】______ofcars,consumerelectronics,safetyequipmentandmedicaldevices.Theprocesshasdonemorethanjustsavetimeandmoney.Engineerssayrapidprototypingusing3-Dprintingisproducingmore【C7】______higher-qualityproducts—fromcustom-fittedbicyclehelmetstobetter-soundingearbudsandloudspeakers.Insteadofwaitingfortoolsandpartstocomebackfromoutsidemachineshopsorinjection-moldinghouses,productdevelopersontight【C8】______nowgetmorehands-ontimetotesttheirmodels.3-Dprintersallowthemtotestand【C9】______moreversionsoftheirprototypes—insomecasestriplingthenumberofduplicatesofanewproductthatcanbe【C10】______beforebeingproducedonalargescale.A)previouslyB)thereafterC)processD)elasticE)deadlinesF)manufacturingG)significantH)innovativeI)ignitedJ)embracedK)lubricateL)prototypeM)refinedN)updateO)mechanisms21、【C1】标准答案：L知识点解析：冠词a提示空格处应填入名词。该段概括介绍了3-D打印这一新技术，首句指出运用新技术建造初期模型，第2句则补充说明该技术的优势。根据上下文和空格后的intheirhands可推知，空格所需名词应与earlymodels同义，故选用prototype。22、【C2】标准答案：A知识点解析：此处需填入副词，修饰havetowait….根据本句内容可知，有了3-D打印技术之后，等待模具的时间大大缩短，而不像“以前”要等3、4个月，可见此处应选用previously。23、【C3】标准答案：C知识点解析：this提示此处应填入名词，且该名词在上文有具体所指。上文提到的主要内容是3-D打印这一“新技术”，此处的名词应该带有“技术”、“方法”等类似的意思，据此在名词库中选用process。24、【C4】标准答案：J知识点解析：解答本题需先弄清advanced的词性。这里advanced是形容词“先进的”，用于修饰名词versions。因此空格处应填入过去分词与havealready连用，充当句子谓语。词库中embraced“采用”符合语境，说明一些大企业使用了这种技术。25、【C5】标准答案：G知识点解析：a…improvement提示空格处应填入名词、形容词或分词作定语。根据后面提到的这一技术在各行业的应用，可知其影响重大，应选用包含积极意义的词汇。不定完词a提示不能选用innovative，词库中significant符合句意。26、【C6】标准答案：F知识点解析：定冠词the提示此处应填入名词。前面讲到福特汽车采用3-D打印技术制造最初模型，可知该技术可运用于汽车制造，词库中manufacturing符合句意。27、【C7】标准答案：H知识点解析：more…和higher-quality并列作定语修饰products。本段仍然是讲3-D技术的优点，故推断空格是一个褒义词，innovative符合句意。28、【C8】标准答案：E知识点解析：空格应填入名词，与ontight…构成介词短语，作后置定语修饰前面的productdevelopers。空格前的tight“紧的”与后面的morehands-ontime前后形成对比，由此可见3-D技术出现之前产品研发人员的时间紧迫，deadlines填入文中构成短语ontightdeadlines，表示“时间紧迫，限期很短”，符合上下文语境。29、【C9】标准答案：N知识点解析：空格前的and表明空格应该是和test并列的动词原形。根据其后所接的宾语moreversionsoftheirprototypes，选用update，意为“研发人员可以利用3-D打印技术不断测试和更新模具”。30、【C10】标准答案：M知识点解析：此处应填入名词、形容词或动词的分词形式。3-D打印技术主要应用于产品的研发、调整阶段，因此产品在正式投入生产前还可以修改。填入空格的词应包含“修改，调整”之意，动词refined“精炼；使完善”符合句意。大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷第2套一、词汇理解(本题共30题，每题1.0分，共30分。)AustraliahasbeenunusualintheWesternworldinhavingavery【C1】______attitudetonaturaloralternativetherapies,accordingtoDr.PaulLaveralecturerinPublicHeathattheUniversityofSydney."We'vehadatraditionofdoctorsbeing【C2】______powerfulandIguesstheyarepretty【C3】______toallowanypretenderstotheirpositiontocomeintoit."Inmanyother【C4】______countriesorthodoxandalternativemedicinehaveworked"handinglove"foryears.InEuropeonlyorthodoxdoctorscan【C5】______herbalmedicine.InGerman,plantremedies【C6】______for10%ofthenationalturnoverofpharmaceuticals.Americansmademorevisittoalternativetherapiststhantoorthodoxdoctorsin1990,andeachyeartheyspentabout$US12billionontherapiesthathavenotbeenscientificallytested.Disenchantmentwithorthodoxmedicinehasseenthe【C7】______ofalternativetherapiesinAustraliaclimbsteadilyduringthepast20years.Ina1983nationalhealthsurvey,1.9%ofpeoplesaidtheyhadcontactedachiropractor,naturopath,osteopath,acupuncturistorherbalistinthetwoweekspriortothesurvey.By1990,thisfigurehadrisento2.6%ofthepopulation.The550,000【C8】______withalternativetherapistsreportedinthe1990surveyrepresentedaboutaneighthofthetotalnumberofconsultationswithmedicallyqualifiedpersonnelcoveredbythesurvey,accordingtoDr.LaverandcolleagueswritingintheAustralianJournalofPublicHealthin1993."Abettereducatedandlessacceptingpublichasbecome【C9】______withtheexpertsingeneral,andincreasinglyscepticalaboutscienceandempiricallybasedknowledge,"theysaid."Thehighstandingofprofessionals,includingdoctors,hasbeenerodedasa【C10】______".A)popularityB)medicineC)loathD)disillusionedE)prescribeF)regulateG)fairlyH)experiencedI)patientsJ)consultationsK)conservativeL)consequenceM)conventionalN)industrializedO)account1、【C1】标准答案：K知识点解析：此空前为冠词，后接名词，可知应填形容词。选项中K，“conservative”(保守的)可填入，“haveaconservativeattitudeto”(对……持保守态度)。再看原文意思，澳大利亚在西方世界独树一帜，又根据此段后半部分列举自然疗法在西方的流行，可推断这种疗法在澳大利亚并不受欢迎。所以，保守态度符合原文大意。2、【C2】标准答案：G知识点解析：此空位于be动词与形容词之间，所以应填副词。原句意为，我们的传统是，医生非常权威。选项G“fairly”(十分，相当)符合原文。3、【C3】标准答案：C知识点解析：根据结构“be+副词+形容词+todosth”，此空应填形容词。根据原文意思，医生很权威，他们便不情愿让任何冒牌人士代替他们的职位。选项C“loath”(不情愿的，勉强的)，符合题意。4、【C4】标准答案：N知识点解析：此空应填形容词。意为“在其他……的国家里”，根据后面列举的欧洲、德国、美国，可知这些都是工业化发达的国家。选项N“industrialized”(工业化的)，符合题意。5、【C5】标准答案：E知识点解析：此空应填动词。原句意为，在欧洲，只有正统医师才能开草药。“prescribe”(开处方；开药)适用于此。6、【C6】标准答案：O知识点解析：此空后紧接介词for，可知应填不及物动词。原句意为，在德国，草药占据药品销售额的10％。选项O与for连用，构成固定短语“accountfor”(占据)。7、【C7】标准答案：A知识点解析：此空应填名词。原句意为过去20年中，由于人们对正统医疗不再抱有幻想，另类疗法在澳大利亚渐渐流行起来。因为正统医疗与另类疗法为人们面临的选择，对前者的不信任，必然引起对后者的关注。所以应选A，“popularity”(流行)。8、【C8】标准答案：J知识点解析：此空答案可根据本句的后半部分得出。前半部分“The550,000consultationswith”与后半部分“aneightofthetotalnumberofconsultations”形成对应。原句意为，在1990年的调查中，55万次另类疗法的诊断占据了调查中所有医疗诊断的八分之一。所以，选择J，“consultation”(咨询，诊断)。9、【C9】标准答案：D知识点解析：根据此句后半部分意思．“人们越发对科学和经验知识产生怀疑”可知，前半部分意为，“人们已经对专家失望了”。所以，选项D“disillusioned”(不抱希望的，失望的)符合题意。10、【C10】标准答案：L知识点解析：此空应填名词：原句意为“结果，包括医生在内的专家们的高地位下滑。”根据固定短语“asaconsequence”(结果)，可知应选择L。【C1】______inawarispainfultoanynation.Nonationswantstosenditsyoungpeopletofightanddie.Itisevenworsewhenthewarisfoughtwithinthecountry,but【C2】______ofalliswhenacountryfindsitselfdivided,andpeopleofthesamenationfighteachother.InAmerica'shistory,themostpainfulperiodissurelytheCivilWar.Thecivilwarwasfoughtformanycomplexreason.Probablythemostimportantwastheissueof【C3】______.TheSouthernstates,【C4】______onslavesforproducingcotton,wantedtocontinuethepracticeofslaverywhiletheindustrializedNorthernstateswantedto【C5】______it.Theissueof"States'Right",therightofindividualstatestomakelawswithout【C6】______fromthenationalgovernment,wasalsoverydivisive.Therewereevenbasicculturaldifferenceswhichcaused【C7】______betweenNorthernersandSoutherners.AllofthesefactorsledtoawarbetweentheNorthandSouthwhichwouldbethebloodiestinthenation'shistory.Bothsidessuffered【C8】______inthewar.Familieswere【C9】______apartasfathers,sons,andbrotherschosedifferentsides.Hundredsofthousandsofyoungmendiedonbothsides.ThecityofAtlantawasburnedtotheground.FortunewereruinedandtheeconomyoftheSouthernstateswaswrecked.Thepeopleonbothsidessuffered,andthatsufferingwasworsebecauseitwasinflictedbypeoplewhohadbeentheircountrymen,andeventheirbrothers.Shortlyafterthewar,abitterSoutherner【C10】______thebelovedpresidentAbrahamLincoln.A)miserableB)innovationC)involvementD)generallyE)tornF)dependentG)interferenceH)worstI)frictionJ)bestK)terriblyL)slaveryM)assassinatedN)expansionO)abolish11、【C1】标准答案：C知识点解析：分析句子结构可知，此空缺主语，应填名词形式。原句意为，卷入一场战争对任何国家来说都是痛苦的。选项C，“参与，卷入”符合题意。选项中的其它名词带入均和原文大意有出入。12、【C2】标准答案：H知识点解析：此题应联系上半句便可推断出，“Itisevenworsewhenthewarisfoughtwithinthecountry”意为，战争在本国内发生更糟糕，后面一句紧接，当国家分裂、同胞们相互斗争是最糟糕的。前半句为比较级worse，后半句在所有战争中，需要用最高级worst。13、【C3】标准答案：L知识点解析：此空应填名词。需联系上下文推断。南北战争的原因十分复杂．南部各州想要继续实行奴隶制，但工业化的北方想废除它。可知最主要的原因是奴隶制，即选项L。14、【C4】标准答案：F知识点解析：因为这句话主谓宾齐全，所以此空应填形容词，作插入语起补充说明作用。南部各州想继续实行奴隶制，是因为它们依赖奴隶来生产棉花.所以，根据固定短语，“dependenton”(依赖于)可知应选F。15、【C5】标准答案：O知识点解析：此空应填动词。因为北方与南方形成对比，既然南方想保留，北方肯定想废除。选项O，abolish为“废除”之意。16、【C6】标准答案：G知识点解析：此句意为，各州可以制定法律而不受国家政府干预的权力。选项G，interference(干涉)符合题意。17、【C7】标准答案：I知识点解析：此空应填名词形式，且为贬义词。选项中名词形式有innovation(创新)、expansion(扩张)、friction(摩擦)，符合原文意思的是选项I，即文化差异也造成了南北方之间的冲突。18、【C8】标准答案：K知识点解析：此空应填副词，修饰动词suffer(遭受)。原句意为，双方在战争中都经历着痛苦的磨难，选项K符合原文。19、【C9】标准答案：E知识点解析：此空应填动词。原句意为，因为父亲、儿子、兄弟选择不同立场，家庭四分五裂。固定短语“tearapart”(分裂)符合大意。但被动语态的动词应用过去分词形式，所以选项E，torn为正确答案。20、【C10】标准答案：M知识点解析：此空应填动词。原句意为，战争结束后不久，一个充满仇恨的南方人暗杀了受人喜爱的亚伯拉罕·林肯总统。动词“assassinate”(暗杀)，因为是过去发生的事，需用动词过去式。所以，选项M是正确答案。Everyyearthroughouttheworld【C1】______6,000earthquakesaredetected.Thevastmajorityoftheseare【C2】______toosmallortoofarfrompopulatedareastobefelt.Severalhundred,however,arefeltandthemajorityofthese,whilefrightening,arerelativelyharmless.Asmallnumberofearthquakes,however,aresevereenoughtocauseseriousdamageto【C3】______aswellasinjuriesandevendeaths.EarthquakesareaseriousconcerninmajorcitiessuchasTokyo,MexicoCity,LosAngelesandSanFranciscowhichlieonornearearthquakefaults.Majorearthquakes,whileuncommon,rankamongthedeadliestofnatural【C4】______.Inthe20thcenturyanaverageof15,000peoplehavediedeveryyearduetoearthquakes.Manydeathsarecausedby【C5】______buildings,houses,bridgesandotherstructures.Muchdamage—bothtomaterialandtohumans—however,istheresultof【C6】______effectsofearthquakessuchastidalwave,landslides,avalanches,firesandthecollapseofdams.Additionally,seriousearthquakemay【C7】______acity'sinfrastructureresultingin【C8】______drinkingwater,impassableroads,anddisruptionsinthesupplyofpowerandphoneservice.Ifdamagetoacity'ssanitationsystemanddisruptionoffoodandwatersupplieslastslong,earthquakescancausesignificantinjuryanddeathlongaftertheshakingoftheearthquakeitselfhassubsided.Becauseearthquakesare【C9】______,aprogramofhazardreductionistheonlywaytocombattheseveredamageearthquakescaninflictonlifeandproperty.Seismologistsstillcannotaccuratelypredictthetimingofearthquakes,buttheycanidentifyareaswhicharesubjecttoseismicrisk.Educationofthepopulationaboutthedangersoftheearthquakesandwhattodointheeventoneoccursareimportantin【C10】______damage.A)collapsingB)increasinglyC)DevastateD)approximatelyE)contaminatedF)neitherG)catastrophesH)inevitableI)eitherJ)limitingK)possibilityL)implementM)sideN)propertyO)originate21、【C1】标准答案：D知识点解析：原句意为，世界上每年大约有6,000起被探测到的地震。选项D，“approximately”(大约)符合题意。22、【C2】标准答案：I知识点解析：此空与后面or组合为固定结构，选项中“either…or…”(……或……)为固定短语。置于原文意为，大多数地震很难被感觉到，因为规模比较小，或者离居民区较远。因此，正确答案是I。23、【C3】标准答案：N知识点解析：此空应填名词。选项中名词有，catastrophes(灾害)、possibility(可能性)、property(财产)。再根据原句意思：但是有少数地震非常强烈，可造成严重的财产损失甚至人员伤亡。可知，应选N。24、【C4】标准答案：G知识点解析：形容词后，此空应填名词。原句意为，不常见的大地震被列为最致命的自然灾害。选项G，catastrophes意为灾害，为正确选项。25、【C5】标准答案：A知识点解析：此处应填形容词。选项A、E、H均为形容词，分别意为“倒塌的”“污染的”“不可避免的”。又根据原文意思，许多死亡是由于大厦、房屋、大桥等建筑物的——造成的。所以，正确答案是A。26、【C6】标准答案：M知识点解析：此空为固定短语，“sideeffect”表示副作用。原句意为，对物质和对人类的伤害，都是由于海啸、山崩、雪崩、火灾、大坝倒塌等地震的副作用引起的。27、【C7】标准答案：C知识点解析：这句话缺谓语，并且紧接情态后，因此此空应填动词原形。选项C，Devastate(摧毁)；选项L，implement(实施)；选项O，originate(源自)符合。但根据原句意思，另外，严重的地震会城市的基础设施，可知，应选择C。28、【C8】标准答案：E知识点解析：此空应填形容词。原句意思是，严重的地震会摧毁城市的基础设施，造成饮用水的，道路受阻，电力和电话的中断。选项E，“contaminated”(受污染的)符合题意。29、【C9】标准答案：H知识点解析：此空应填形容词。选项H带入原文，意为，因为地震不可避免，地震减灾项目便成为抵抗地震带来财产和生命危险的唯一方法。因此，正确答案是H。30、【C10】标准答案：J知识点解析：此空应填动词，且紧跟在介词后，所以应填动词ing形式。再根据句意，告知人们地震的危险性和遇到地震时应采取的措施，对于损失是非常重要的。可知，选项J，“limiting”(限制)符合要求。大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷第3套一、仔细阅读(本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。)Manyobjectsindailyusehaveclearlybeeninfluencedbyscience,buttheirformandfunction,theirdimensionsandappearance,weredeterminedbytechnologists,artisans,designers,inventors,andengineers—usenonscientificmodesofthought.Thiskindofthinkingwayisdifferentfromscience.Manyfeaturesandqualitiesoftheobjectsthatatechnologistthinksaboutcannotbereducedtounambiguousverbaldescriptions;theyaredealtwiththemindbyavisual,nonverbalprocess.InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennon-verbalthinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthedetailsofourmaterialsurroundings.Pyramids,cathedrals,androcketsexistnotbecauseofgeometryorthermodynamics,butbecausetheywerefirstapictureinthemindsofthosewhobuiltthem.Thecreativeshapingprocessofatechnologist'smindcanbeseeninnearlyeveryartifactthatexists.Forexample,indesigningadieselengine,atechnologistmightimpressindividualwaysofnonverbalthinkingonthemachinebycontinuallyusinganintuitivesenseoflightnessandfitness.Whatwouldbetheshapeofthecombustionchamber?Whereshouldvalvesbeplaced?Shouldithavealongorshortpiston?Suchquestionshavearangeofanswersthataresuppliedbyexperience,byphysicalrequirements,bylimitationsofavailablespace,andnotleastbyasenseofform.Somedecisionssuchaswallthicknessandpindiameter,maydependonscientificcalculations,butthenonscientificcomponentofdesignremainsprimary.Designcourses,then,shouldbeanessentialelementinengineeringcurriculum.Nonverbalthinkingofacentralmechanisminengineeringdesign,involvesperceptions,thestock-in-tradeoftheartist,notthescientist.Becauseperceptiveprocessesarenotassumedtoentail"hardthinking",nonverbalthoughtissometimesseenasaprimitivestageinthedevelopmentofcognitiveProcessandinferiortoverbalormathematicalthought.ButitisparadoxicalthatwhenthestaffbegantheHistoricAmerican.EngineeringRecordwishedtohavedrawingmadeofmachinesandisometricviewsofindustrialprocessesforitshistoricalrecordofAmericaengineering,theonlycollegestudentswiththerequisiteabilitieswerenotengineeringstudents,butratherstudentsattendingarchitecturalschools.Ifcoursesindesign,whichinastronglyanalyticalengineeringcurriculumprovidethebackgroundrequiredforpracticalproblem-solving,arenotprovided,wecanexpecttoencountersillybutcostlyerrorsoccurringinadvancedengineeringsystems.Forexample,earlymodelsofhigh-speedrailroadcarsloadedwithsophisticatedcontrolswereunabletooperateinasnowstormbecauseafansuckedsnowintotheelectricalsystem.Absurdrandomfailuresthatplagueautomaticcontrolsystemsarenotmerelytrivialaberrations:theyareareflectionofthechaosthatresultswhendesignisassumedtobeprimarilyaprobleminmathematics.1、Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A、Manyobjectsindailyusehaveclearlybeeninfluencedbyscience.B、Nonscientificmodesofthoughtareveryimportantformaterialsurroundings.C、Scienceisnotsignificantforourdailysupplies.D、Buildapictureinyourmind,thendesign.标准答案：B知识点解析：主旨题。文章开头讲到，许多日常用品明显地受到科学影响，但其形状和功能、体积和外观都被那些运用非科学思维方式的技术人员、工匠、设计者、发明家以及工程师所设计。接着讲到，非语言的形象思维非常重要，刻画了物质环境轮廓并充实了其中细节。．如金字塔、大教堂和火箭的产生就是非语言的形象思维的结果。由此可知，第一段强调了非科学思维的重要性，B项符合。2、Whatistherelationshipbetweenparagraph1andparagraph2?A、Comparisonandcontrast.B、Causeandeffect.C、Thetwoparagraphsareparalleling.D、Paragraph2providesillustrationforparagraph1.标准答案：D知识点解析：推断题。文章第一段强调了非科学思维的重要性，第二段通过引用具体事例来证明非科学思维几乎隐藏在每一件日常用品中，即这种思维非常重要。由此可知，第二段为第一段提供了例证。3、WhichisnotthereasonthatDesigncoursesshouldbeanessentialelementinengineeringcurriculum?A、Nonverbalthinkingisacentralmechanisminengineeringdesign.B、Designcoursescanprovidesolutionstosolvepracticalproblems.C、SciencecourseisnotimportantandshouldbereplacedbyDesigncourses.D、IgnorantofDesigncoursesmayencountersillybutcostlyerrors.标准答案：C知识点解析：细节题。题干考查的是设计课应该成为工程教学的一门基础课程的原因，可定位至文章最后两段。根据第三段第二句“Nonverbalthinkingacentralmechanisminengineeringdesign，involvesperceptions，thestock—in-tradeoftheartist，notthescientist．"可知，A项正确，根据第四段第一句“Ifcoursesindesign，whichinastronglyanalyticalengineeringcurriculumprovidethebackgroundrequiredforpracticalproblem-solving，arenotprovided，wecanexpecttoencountersillybutcostlyerrorsoccurringinadvancedengineeringsystems．"可知，B、D均正确，C项文中未提到，因此错误。4、Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A、Designcoursecanhelpsolvepracticalproblems.B、Designcoursesarenecessarytoopen.C、Designisstronglyanalytical.D、Peopledon’tpayattentiontoDesigncourses.标准答案：B知识点解析：段落主旨题。文章最后一段讲到，设计课有利于解决实际问题，如果不开设设计课，人类将会遭遇愚蠢而又代价高昂的错误，然后举例说明这一观点。由此可见，作者认为很有必要开设设计课，B项符合。5、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsDesigncourses?A、Indifferent.B、Disapproving.C、Suspicious.D、Supporting.标准答案：D知识点解析：态度题。本文中，作者一直在强调从设计课中学习非语言思维的重要性，因此可推断，作者支持开设设计课，故选择D。Parenthoodisn'tacareer-killer.Theeffectofparenthoodisnotthatsevereaspeopleimagine.Infact,economistswithtwoormorekidstendtoproducemoreresearch,notless,thantheirone-childorchildlesscolleagues.Butfemaleeconomistsinparticularcanpayapriceintermsofproductivityafterbecomingmothers,especiallyifthey'reyoungorunmarried.That's,accordingtonewresearchfromtheFederalReserveBankofSt.Louis,aworkingpaper("ParenthoodandProductivityofHighlySkilledLabour:EvidencefromtheGroveofAcademe")publishedthismonthbyMatthiasKrapfoftheUniversityofZurich,HeinrichUrsprungoftheUniversityofKonstanzandChristianZimmermannoftheregionalreservebank."Thereisawidespreadconvictionthatmotherhoodisextremelycostlyintermsofprofessionalcareeradvancement.Inparticular,itisoftenarguedthattheonlywayforyoungwomentomakeachallengingcareeristoremainchildless,"theywrote."Ourstudyoftheacademiclabourmarketarrivesatasomewhatlessdrearypicture:wedonotobserveafamilygapinresearchproductivityamongfemaleacademiceconomists.Moreover,motherhood-induceddecreasesinresearchproductivityarelesspronouncedthanusuallypurported."Theauthorsinearly2012surveyedabout10,000economiststhroughtheResearchPapersinEconomicsonlineplatform,matchingtheacademics'answerswiththeirpublicationrecords.Theygaugedaneconomist'sproductivitybylookingattheiroutput:publishedresearch,weightedbyjournalquality.Someoftheirfindingsareasfollows:"Mothersofatleasttwochildrenare,onaverage,moreproductivethanmothersofonlyonechild,andmothersingeneralaremoreproductivethanchildlesswomen.Fathersofatleasttwochildrenarealsomoreproductivethanfathersofonechildandchildlessmen.Towardtheendoftheircareers,however,childlessmenappeartobesomewhatmoreproductivethanfathersofonechild."Parenthooddoesappearlinkedtolowerproductivitywhilethechildrenare12andyounger:mothersaveragea17.4%loss,whilefathersaveragea5%loss.Afemaleeconomistwiththreechildren,onaverage,losestheequivalentoffouryearsofresearchoutputbythetimeherkidsbecometeenagers.Womenwhoaremarriedorinastablerelationship"donothaveanydropinresearchproductivityinthethreeyearsfollowingchildbirth."Forsinglemothers,researchoutputdropsbyroughlyathirdoverthesameperiod.Femaleeconomistswhohavetheirfirstchildbeforetheageof30arelessproductive,while"forolderfirst-timemothers,theeffectremainsnegative,butitismuchsmallerandlacksstatisticalsignificance."Maleeconomistswithouttenurebecomemoreproductiveafterhavingachild,whiletenuredmaleeconomistswon'tbemoreproductive.Thereisnosimilareffectforfemaleeconomists.6、Whatistherelationshipbetweenthefirsttwoparagraphs?A、Comparisonandcontrast.B、Paragraph2istheillustrationofparagraph1.C、Causeandeffect.D、Thetwoparagraphsaretwosidesofthesametopic.标准答案：C知识点解析：推断题。本题主要考查对文章内部逻辑的把握。文章第一段讲到，“为人父母并不会扼杀一个人的事业。……但女性经济学家在当上妈妈之后会在工作效率上付出代价。”第二段开头讲到，“这一结论来自圣路易斯联邦储备银行一项最新的研究，”，接着介绍这项研究的具体情况。由此可知，第一段内容是第二段所提及的最新研究得出的结论，因此，这两段是因果关系。7、Theword"dreary"(Line4,Para.3)maymean______.A、exciting.B、relievedC、inspiringD、downcast标准答案：D知识点解析：语义题。单词dreary修饰名词picture，因此该词应是形容词，根据picture后的句子Wedonotobserveafamilygapinresearchproductivityamongfemaleacademiceconomists．“我们没有发现女性学术型经济学家的学术研究效率因拥有家庭而出现差距。”这一消息属正面信息，会带给人积极的力量，而dreary由比较级less修饰，因此，dreary一定带有非正面意义，选项中，只有D项downcast“沮丧的”是非正面意义，且符合文意。8、Whichcond