安徽省滁州市滁州中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末测试英语试卷

安徽省滁州市滁州中学20232024学年高二上学期期末测试英语考生注意：1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围:选择性必修Book1&Book2。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.15.C.£9.18.答案是B。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhathasDennisdecidedtodo?A.Startanewpany. B.Staywithhisparents. C.Liveindependently.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Dennis,doyoustilllivewithyourparents?M:No.Imovedoutlastmonth.I’vealreadydecidedtoliveonmyown.W:Howcanyouaffordtherent?M:I’vebeenemployedbyanewpany.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisprobablytheman?A.Adirector. B.Anactor. C.Ahost.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Bradley,someaudiencesaidyouractinginthemovieisbarelysatisfactory.Sowhatdoyouthinkofyourperformance?M:I’mnotquitesatisfiedwithit,either.Butit’sjustmyfirstmovie.I’msureI’lldobetternexttime.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwilltheelectricitybeonagaintonight?A.At7:00pm. B.At9:00pm. C.At10:00pm.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Iheardtherewillbeapowercuttonight.W:Don’tworry.I’vealreadyboughtsomecandles.M:Sowhenwillitbegin?W:It’llbeginat7:00pmandwilllastforthreehours.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whomighthavereceivedaphysicalcheckup?A.Jenny. B.Phoebe. C.Martin.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Didyouhaveagoodtimeduringyourcamping?M:Justsoso.Phoebehadbeencalledawaybyherbossbeforewesetout.Jennyfeltsickalltheway.IhadtosendhertoMartin’stogiveheraphysicalcheckup.W:Oh!Maybeshegotcarsick.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howhungrytheyfeel.B.Wherethey’llhavelunch.C.Whatfoodtheywanttoorder.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Iwasthinkingaboutorderingsometakeout.Doyouwanttoorderapersonaldishorsharesomethingbigger?W:I’lljustgetapieceofbeefandsomevegetables.Ihadalatelunch,soIdon’thavemuchofanappetiterightnow.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Motherandson.7.Wheredoesthemansuggestgoing?A.Thecircus. B.Theamusementpark. C.Thecinema.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:It’sChildren’sDay.Willwestayathomeallday?Whydon’twegototheamusementpark?M:Oh,there’salwaystoomuchnoise.W:Whataboutthecircus?M:Circus?Isitstillintown?W:Yes,andyoupromisedoursonyou’dtakehimtherebeforeitleaves.M:Thecircuswillbesocrowdedtoday.Whataboutgoingtothecinema?Peterlikeswatchingmovies.W:Thatsoundsgood.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whywillthespeakerseatouttonight?A.Theycan’tcookduetolackofwater.B.Theywanttoeatsomedifferentfood.C.Theydon’tfeellikecooking.9.Whatdoesthemanwanttoeat?A.Italianfood. B.Frenchfood. C.Mexicanfood.10.Howwillthespeakersgototherestaurant?A.Bytaxi. B.Bybike. C.Bycar.【答案】8.A9.B10.B【解析】【原文】W:Thewatersupplyofourbuildinghasbeencutoff.Ihaven’tstoredanywaterforcookingtoday.M:Thenareyouupforarestaurantmealtonight?W:Iguesswehavenochoicebuttoeatout.WecouldgototheMexicanrestaurantaroundthecornerofourstreet.M:I’dliketotrysomethingdifferentthistime.W:ThenwecangototheItalianrestaurantortheFrenchrestaurant.M:Ipreferthelatter.W:It’sfinewithme.Therestaurantisabitfar.Willwedriveortakeataxithere?M:Well,we’vebeenacouchpotatorecently.Iwouldratherridesharedbikesallthewaythere.W:OK,it’suptoyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.WhydoesTomlikewatchingtheTVseriesHeartland?A.Duetothepeacefullifestyle.B.Becauseofthetouchingplots.C.Owingtotheexcitingstory.12.WhatdoesTomthinkofhisgrandparents’life?A.It’stough. B.It’sboring. C.It’ssimple.13.Whatdoesthemanremendthewomando?A.Eatsafeandhealthyfood.B.Experienceadifferentlife.C.Keepsomeanimalsandplants.【答案】11.A12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:Tom,whatwereyouwatchingjustnow?M:IwaswatchingaTVseriesHeartland.It’saboutafamilywholivesonaranch(大牧场)withhorsesandcattle.W:Whydidyouwatchsuchaseries?Itmustbeveryboring.M:Well,itmaysoundboringtoyou,butIreallylovewatchingit.Thoughitsstoryisneitherexcitingnortouching,ittellsaboutthelifethatItrulywanttolive.W:Youmeanyouwanttoliveasimpleandpeacefullife?M:Yes.I’vebeenthinkingalotlatelyaboutlivinginthecountrysidelikemygrandparents.Icankeepmanyanimalsandplantsandthengetsafe,healthyfoodthere.Icanevenslowmypaceinthebusyworld,lookingatthesceneryaroundmeandenjoyingmyself.W:Sodoyouwanttomovetothecountryside?M:Yes.Ifyougettiredofthecitylifesomeday,whynotexperienceitforyourself?W:Well,Igrewuphere.Lifehereissomuchmoreexciting.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhathasmadeMayaBaydrawsomanytouristssince1999?A.AfamousHollywoodmovie.B.Somewonderfulwatersportsthere.C.Beautifulsceneryandgoodservicesthere.15.WhydidthegovernmentcloseMayaBayforatime?A.Toupdateitsfacilities.B.Toraisesomeseaanimals.C.Toprotectthenaturallife.16.Howdoesthemanlikethegovernment’sdecision?A.Incorrect. B.Reasonable. C.Unclear.17.Whatdothespeakerswanttodointheend?A.Readthemagazine. B.Bookahotel. C.SurftheInternet.【答案】14.A15.C16.B17.C【解析】【原文】W:Dave,whataboutgoingtoMayaBayinThailandforaholidaythisyear?Themagazinesaysit’saveryfamousbeachinthecountry.M:Iknowthatbeach.Itmadeheadlinesin1999whensomepeoplearrivedtheretofilmthefamousHollywoodmovieTheBeach.Sincethen,touristshavefloodedinthisbeachwithasmanyas4,000visitorsarrivingonboatseveryday.W:That’sreallyhardtobelieve.M:Yes.Sadly,tourismruinedthenaturallifethere.ThatiswhytheThaigovernmentclosedthebeachtotouristsforaboutfouryears.W:Ididn’tknowitwasclosedforaboutfouryears.Sowhendiditreopen?M:ItreopenedinJanuary2022.Nowthereisalimitof300visitorsperday.W:WellIthinkit’sagooddecision.M:Iagree.Scientiststherebelievethatthebeachisanaturalresourcetheyhavetopreserve.Actuallythere’remanyothergreatbeachesinThailand.Wedon’thavetovisitthatone.W:You’reright.ButIdon’tknowanyotherbeaches.M:It’seasy.Let’ssearchforsomeinformationonwebsitesandthenmakeadecision.W:Goodidea.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.WhatdoweknowabouttheBurjKhalifa?A.Itisanancientmanmadebuilding.B.Itisthetallestmanmadebuilding.C.ItislocatedintheUnitedStates.19.HowlongdidittaketobuildtheBurjKhalifa?A.Fiveyears. B.Sevenyears. C.Nineyears.20.Whatwillthespeakerdonext?A.VisittheinsideoftheBurjKhalifa.B.Gotoanotherscenicspot.C.Takeabreak.【答案】18.B19.A20.A【解析】【原文】W:Youarestandinginfrontofthetallestmanmadestructureintheworld,theBurjKhalifa.Itreachesaheightof828meters.Theconstructionbeganin2004,andwasfinallyfinishedin2009.Oneyearlater,itwasofficiallyopened,andremainsthemostfamousbuildinginthemainbusinessdistrict.ItwasdesignedbyamannamedAdrianSmith,whoalsoactedasthearchitectforotherfamousbuildingsaroundtheworldincountrieslikeSaudiArabia,theUnitedStates,andChina.TheBurjKhalifa’schiefengineerwasBillBaker,andwiththehelpofthousandsofworkersfromSouthAsia,theyachievedtheimpossible.Itistrulyawonderofengineering.Thereareatotalof162floorsinthetower.TheArmaniHoteloccupiesfifteenofitsfloorsandhas304rooms.Therearerestaurants,swimmingpools,panyoffices,observationdecks,andevenamall.Theonlythingmoreamazingthanstaringupatthisstructureisexperiencingitfromtheinside.Followme.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALondonersloveamarket.It’sthebinationofeating,chattingandbrowsing(逛),andlovelystuff.Localsandtouristscontinuetorushtothecapital’sbeststalls(货摊)andthesedaysthere’sahugerangeofmarketsacrossLondon.Belowyou’llfindtheverybestmarketsinLondon.BoroughMarketNexttoLondonBridge,thisfoodmarkethasexistedinsomeformssinceatleast1014.It’snowbestknownasafoodie’s(美食家)paradisewhereLondonersetobuytopqualitymeats,fish,fruitsandvegetables,freshbakedbread,cakesandsweettreats,oilsandvinegar,andprettymuchanythingelsetheydesire.BoroughMarketisopenMondaytoSaturday,withSaturdaythebusiestday.PortobelloRoadMarketPortobelloRoadMarketisreallyfivemarketsinone,withdifferentsectionsdedicatedtosecondhandgoods,clothingandfashion,householdessentials.You’llfindthegreatestrangeofantiquesstallsonSaturdays.BrickLaneMarketThestreetsofEastLondon’sBrickLanearelinedwithstallssellinganythingandeverythingonSundays.Youcanfindbargainfruitsandvegetables,andelectricalproducts,butthismarket’sUniqueSellingPointisitsunpredictability:Youcouldbagasecondhandbargain,orspendhoursselectinginexpensivegoods.BroadwayMarketSincebeingreopenedin2004,thisstreetmarkethasbeeattractivetofashionlovers.ItispackedeverySundayfrom9amto5pmwithartystudentsandEastEndcreativetypesfillingtheirlargebagswithorganicgroceries,vintageclothes,freshflowers,coffee,booksandunusualhandmadegifts.21.WherecanyoufindmanyoldandvaluablethingsonSaturdays?A.BrickLaneMarket. B.BroadwayMarket.C.PortobelloRoadMarket. D.BoroughMarket.22.WhatisthefactaboutBoroughMarket?AItisopenonlyattheweekend.B.ItisinEastLondon’sBrickLane.C.Itmainlysellsunusualhandmadegifts.D.Ithasahistoryofaboutonethousandyears.23.WhatcanwelearnfromBroadwayMarket?A.Itcanappealtofashionlovers.B.Itkeepsopensevenhoursaday.C.Peoplecanfindmanykindsofjewels.D.Avarietyofsecondhandthingsareonsale.【答案】21.C22.D23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了伦敦四个伦敦最好的市场。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据PortobelloRoadMarket部分中“You’llfindthegreatestrangeofantiquesstallsonSaturdays.(在星期六你会发现各种各样的古董摊位)”可知，星期六在PortobelloRoadMarket可以找到许多古老而有价值的东西。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据BoroughMarket部分中“NexttoLondonBridge,thisfoodmarkethasexistedinsomeformssinceatleast1014.(在伦敦桥旁边，这个食品市场至少从1414年就以某种形式存在了)”可知，BoroughMarket大约一千年历史。故选D项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据BroadwayMarket部分中“Sincebeingreopenedin2004,thisstreetmarkethasbeeattractivetofashionlovers.(自2004年重新开放以来，这个街头市场对时尚爱好者很有吸引力)”可知，BroadwayMarket可以吸引时尚爱好者。故选A项。BAcancersurvivorhasbeethefirstwomantopleteanexhausting“SeatoSummit”triathlon(三项全能运动),whichsawherswim,cycle,andrunover330milesinjustfivedays.AndreaMasonwasoverjoyedwhenshecrossedthefinishlineearlyWednesdaymorning.TheracewassetintheFrenchAlps.Settingoffat6:15amonFriday,39yearoldMasonbattledthroughseverepain,andhallucinations(幻觉),butshepushedon—managingtopletetheraceinanimpressivefourdays,23hours,and41minutes.Andreahadbeendiagnosedwithcancerandneededlifesavingsurgery.Followingasuccessfuloperation,sheisnowhopingtoraiseawarenessofwomen’shealth.Inthepastyear,Andreasetupherowncharity,LadyTalkMatters,inordertoimprovesurroundingfemales’health.Andrea,fromBlackpoolinLancashire,England,said,“Iamsohappyallwentaccordingtotheplanasthereweresomanythingsthatcouldhavegonewrong.IwantedtodoitinfivedaysandIdidso,butitwasverytough.Ihadsomelowmoments,particularlywhenIcouldn’tsleepinmylimitedrestperiods,andwhenIcouldn’tkeepanyfooddownasIwasrunning.Forsure,IhadsomedoubtsalongthewayasIwasexploringtheunknownwithsuchahugerun,particularlyaslargepartsofitwereinthedark.ItwasbiggerthanIimagined.Theimpactonmybodywashuge.ButeverytimeIfeltlikegivingup,Ithoughtaboutallthewomenoutthereinpainorwhostillhadn’tbeendiagnosed.ThatiswhyIputmyselfthroughthis.”Andreahadtoswim23milesaroundLakeAnnecy,cycle205mileswith30,000feetofverticalclimbingaroundMontBlanc,andrun105mileswith4,000feetofverticalclimbingaroundTheUltraTrailduMontBlanc.YoucouldsayAndrea’sactuallyspentalifetimetrainingforaneventlikethis.Shepletedherfirstthreemilerace“poweredbychocolatebars”whenshewasjustfour.24.Whyisthewomanspecial?A.Shewonfirstintheraceofthetriathlon.B.Shesurvivedcancerandfinishedthetriathlon.C.Shetriedtopromotethetriathlonafterregaininghealth.D.Sherecoveredfromcancerafterexercisingforthetriathlon.25.WhatisLadyTalkMattersaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Anorganizationforhelpingpeopleinneed.B.Agroupofpeoplemeetingforaveryamusinggame.C.Agroupofpeoplechosentomakedecisionsorschedules.D.Agovernmentorganizationresponsibleforacertainareaofadministration.26.WhatproblemdidAndreameetwithduringherrace?A.Shelostherwayduetothedarkness.B.Shecouldn’tswallowfoodwhilerunning.C.ShefelldownwhenclimbingaroundMontBlanc.D.Sherodehercyclesohardthatitbrokedownontheway.27.WhatdidAndreadoaroundLakeAnnecytopletethetriathlon?A.Sheranthe105miles. B.Shesailedthe30miles.C.Sheswamthe23miles. D.Shecycledthe205miles.【答案】24.B25.A26.B27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报导了癌症幸存者AndreaMason成功完成三项全能运动，并成立自己的慈善机构帮助更多的女性。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Acancersurvivorhasbeethefirstwomantopleteanexhausting“SeatoSummit”triathlon(三项全能运动)(一名癌症幸存者成为首位完成“从大海到山顶”三项全能运动的女性)”可知，这位女性的特别之处在于她战胜了癌症，完成了三项全能运动。故选B项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Followingasuccessfuloperation,sheisnowhopingtoraiseawarenessofwomen’shealth.Inthepastyear,Andreasetupherowncharity,LadyTalkMatters,inordertoimprovesurroundingfemales’health.(手术成功后，她现在希望提高人们对女性健康的认识。在过去的一年里，Andrea成立了自己的慈善机构LadyTalkMatters，以改善周围女性的健康)”可知，Andrea创建这一慈善机构是为了提高人们对女性健康的认识，帮助女性改善健康。因此，这是一个帮助有需要的人的组织。故选A项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ihadsomelowmoments,particularlywhenIcouldn’tsleepinmylimitedrestperiods,andwhenIcouldn’tkeepanyfooddownasIwasrunning.(我有过情绪低落的时候，尤其是在我有限的休息时间里睡不着的时候，以及在跑步的时候不能吃下东西的时候)”可知，Andrea在跑步中遇到的困难是无法吞下食物。故选B项。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Andreahadtoswim23milesaroundLakeAnnecy,cycle205mileswith30,000feetofverticalclimbingaroundMontBlanc,andrun105mileswith4,000feetofverticalclimbingaroundTheUltraTrailduMontBlanc.(Andrea必须绕着安纳西湖游23英里，绕着勃朗峰骑行205英里，垂直攀登3万英尺，绕着环勃朗峰越野跑道跑105英里，垂直攀登4000英尺)”可知，Andrea需要绕着安纳西湖游23英里以完成三项全能运动。故选C项。COldagemaynotsoundexciting.Butrecentfindingsoffergoodnewsforolderpeopleandforpeoplewhoareworriedaboutgettingolder.Researchersfoundthatpeoplebeehappierandexperiencelessworryaftertheyreachtheageof50.Infact,theysaybytheageof85,peoplearehappierwiththeirlifethantheywerewhentheywere18yearsold.Thefindingscamefromasurveyofmorethan340,000adultsintheUnitedStates.TheGallupOrganizationquestionedthembytelephonein2012.Atthattime,thepeoplewerebetweentheagesof18and85.Theresearchersaskedquestionsaboutemotionslikehappiness,sadnessandworry.Theyalsoaskedaboutmentaloremotionalstress.ArthurStoneintheDepartmentofPsychiatryandBehavioralScienceatStonyBrookUniversityinNewYorkledthestudy.Histeamfoundthatlevelsofstresswerethehighestamongadultsbetweentheagesof24and25.Thefindingsshowedthatstresslevelsdroppedsharplyafterpeoplereachedtheirfifties.Thestudyalsoshowedthatmenandwomenhavesimilarfeelingpatternsastheygrowolder.However,womenatallagesreportedmoresadness,stressandworrythanmen.Researcherssaytheydonotknowwhyhappinessincreasesaspeoplegetolder.Onetheoryisthat,aspeoplegrowolder,theygrowmorethankfulforwhattheyhaveandhavebettercontroloftheirfeelings.Sotheyspendlesstimethinkingaboutbadexperiences.ProfessorStonesaystheemotionalpatternscouldbeconnectedtochangesinhowpeopleseetheworld,ormaybeevenchangesinbrainchemistry.Theresearchersalsoconsideredpossibleinfluenceslikehavingyoungchildren,beingunemployedorbeingsingle.Buttheyfoundthatinfluenceslikethesedidnotaffectthelevelsofhappinessandwellbeingrelatedtoage.28.Howwasthenewstudycarriedout?A.Byconductingsomeexperiments. B.Byreasoning,analyzingandjudging.C.Bycollectingdatefromsomepeople. D.Byreferringtosomehistoricaldocuments.29.Whatistheresultofthestudy?A.Stresslevelsfellgreatlyafterpeoplewere50orabove.B.Olderpeopleweremostworriedaboutbeingunemployed.CMenatallagesfeltsadderandmorestressfulthanwomen.D.Levelsofstresswerethehighestamongadultsintheirthirties.30.Whymayagedpeoplegethappieraccordingtotheresearch?①Havingyoungchildren②Beingmoregrateful③Beinglivingalone④Therebeingchangesinbrainchemistry⑤ControllingtheiremotionsbetterA.②③④ B.①②⑤ C.②④⑤ D.①③④31.Whichwasmostprobablyincludedinthesurvey?A.Theparticipants’intelligence. B.Theparticipants’eyesight.C.Theparticipants’strength. D.Theparticipants’fear.【答案】28.C29.A30.C31.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述一项研究发现年纪越大的人会变得更加开心幸福。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thefindingscamefromasurveyofmorethan340,000adultsintheUnitedStates.TheGallupOrganizationquestionedthembytelephonein2012.(这一发现来自对美国34万多名成年人的调查。盖洛普组织在2012年通过对他们进行了调查)”可知，新研究通过从一些人那里收集数据进行。故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thefindingsshowedthatstresslevelsdroppedsharplyafterpeoplereachedtheirfifties.(研究结果显示，人们到了50岁之后，压力水平急剧下降)”可知，研究的结果是50岁或50岁以上的人压力水平大大下降。故选A。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Onetheoryisthat,aspeoplegrowolder,theygrowmorethankfulforwhattheyhaveandhavebettercontroloftheirfeelings.Sotheyspendlesstimethinkingaboutbadexperiences.ProfessorStonesaystheemotionalpatternscouldbeconnectedtochangesinhowpeopleseetheworld,ormaybeevenchangesinbrainchemistry.(有一种理论认为，随着年龄的增长，人们对自己所拥有的东西越来越感恩，也能更好地控制自己的情绪。所以他们花更少的时间去想不好的经历。斯通教授说，情绪模式可能与人们看待世界的方式变化有关，甚至可能与大脑化学物质的变化有关)”可知，老年人会变得更快乐是因为变得更加感恩、大脑中的化学物质发生了变化以及能够更好地控制情绪。故选C。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theresearchersaskedquestionsaboutemotionslikehappiness,sadnessandworry.Theyalsoaskedaboutmentaloremotionalstress.(研究人员问了一些关于快乐、悲伤和担忧等情绪的问题。他们还询问了精神或情绪压力)”可推知，参与者的恐惧最有可能包括在调查中。故选D。DMexicoCityismakingvariousstrategiestofightagainstseverewatershortage,asayearslonglackofrainfallcontinuestoimpactthelocalwatersupply.ThewatercrisisisadirectresultoffallinglevelsofrainwithintheCutzamalaSystem,whichsuppliesthecityofnearly10millionpeople,andofitsprimarywatersource,theValledeBravoreservoir.Levelsatthereservoirhavefallensignificantlyafteryearsoflimitedrainfall.“Mexicocurrentlyhasamajorproblemintermsofwaterduetoclimatechange,”SandraLopez,aresearcheratthepublicpolicyresearchcenterMexicanInstituteforpetitiveness,said.“Butitcanalsobeverymuchlinkedtothecountry’smanagementproblems,sincewehavedifferentfactors,suchasthefactthatnotenoughresourcesandfinancinghavebeenallocatedtomanagement.”This,forobviousreasons,meansthatthepopulationandMexicansocietyingeneralisexperiencingwaterstress,whichweareonlyjustidentifyingasapotentialproblem.ThewatershortageaffectsaboutonefourthofthepopulationintheMexicancapital,whichiswitnessingdailywaterdisruptions(中断)invariousareas,makingitdifficultforresidentstoundertakeessentialtaskssuchascooking,cleaningandbathing.“IntheneighborhoodwhereIam,theystarttocutoffthewatersupplyatabout11am.Itesveryslowly,”SergioRamos,aclerkatNavycarcarwashinMexicoCity,said.Thewatersupplyonlylastssevenoreighthoursaday,hesaid.Amidthecontinuingcrisis,thefederal,stateandcitygovernmentsareurgingcitizenstoconservewaterbyfixingfaultyfaucets(水龙头),makinguseofwastewater,andtakingshortershowers.Theseactions,aimedatreducingconsumption,couldcontributetoextendingthecity’swatersupply.WiththeshortageprojectedtolastuntilMay,waterconservationeffortswillhavetocontinueforsometime.Somecitizensareactivelyemployingmeasuressuchasusingrainwaterorbottledwater,whilethegovernmentispursuingadditionalstrategies,includingreducingwaterconsumptioninpublicbuildings,usinginnovativewatersavingdevices,andmakingaplantoaugmentthecity’swatersupply.EducationalinitiativesarealsounderwaytotheCutzamalaSystem.“TheCutzamalaSystemdamsareatlowstoragelevelsduetothelackofrainandthedroughtinthecountry,”saidMexicoCityWaterSystem,whichmanagesthecity’sdrinkingwatersupply.“Inthiscontext,atthesametimetherehavebeenlowlevelsofstorageinthetanksthatdistributewaterintheAzcapotzalcodistrict.”TheNationalWatermission,orConagua,explainedthatthereisa29percentdeficit(缺乏)inthecountry’sreservoirs,paredwithhistoricaldataforNovember.32.WhatdidSandraLopezmainlyconveyinParagraph2?A.Expensesofdevelopingwaterresources. B.Waysofprotectingthewatersources.C.Influencesofthewatershortage. D.Reasonsforthewatershortage.33.Whichmeasureisn’tremendedbythegovernmentsbutistakenbysomecitizens?A.Repairingfaultyfaucets. B.Usingrainwaterorbottledwater.C.Makingthemostofwastewater. D.Usingtraditionalwatersavingdevices.34.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“augment”inParagraph4?A.Manage. B.Increase. C.Investigate. D.Classify.35.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthenewsreport?A.MexicoCitybattlesseverewatercrisis B.YearslonglackofrainfallinMexicoCityC.Mexicoadjustsdistributionofwatersupply D.CutzamalaSystemsuppliesMexicoCitywithwater【答案】32.D33.B34.B35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了墨西哥城为了应对水资源短缺所采取的一些措施。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Butitcanalsobeverymuchlinkedtothecountry’smanagementproblems,sincewehavedifferentfactors,suchasthefactthatnotenoughresourcesandfinancinghavebeenallocatedtomanagement.(但是，它也可能与国家的管理问题有很大的联系，因为我们有不同的因素，例如没有为管理分配足够的资源和资金)”可知，SandraLopez在第二段主要表达了水资源短缺的原因。故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Somecitizensareactivelyemployingmeasuressuchasusingrainwaterorbottledwater,whilethegovernmentispursuingadditionalstrategies,includingreducingwaterconsumptioninpublicbuildings,usinginnovativewatersavingdevices,andmakingaplantoaugmentthecity’swatersupply.(部分市民积极采取雨水或瓶装水等对策，政府也在推进减少公共建筑用水量、使用创新节水设备、制定扩大城市供水计划等对策)”可知，使用雨水或瓶装水是一些公民采取的措施。故选B。【34题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“thegovernmentispursuingadditionalstrategies,includingreducingwaterconsumptioninpublicbuildings,usinginnovativewatersavingdevices,andmakingaplanto”以及后文“thecity’swatersupply”可知，政府也在推进减少公共建筑用水量、使用创新节水设备、制定扩大城市供水计划等对策。故划线词意思是“增加，扩大”的意思。故选B。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“MexicoCityismakingvariousstrategiestofightagainstseverewatershortage,asayearslonglackofrainfallcontinuestoimpactthelocalwatersupply.(墨西哥城正在制定各种策略来应对严重的水资源短缺，因为长达数年的降雨不足继续影响着当地的供水)”结合文章主要说明了墨西哥城为了应对水资源短缺所采取的一些措施，故A选项“墨西哥城与严重的水危机作斗争”最符合文章标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatdoesitmeantotakeresponsibility?Whatdoesbeingaresponsiblepersonmean?Responsibilityisavirtuethateveryoneshouldhave.Butitseemsthatnowadaysmostpeoplearewillingtotakeconvenienceoverresponsibility.____36____Afterall,yourworldisareflectionofyouandyoualone.Beingresponsiblemeansbeingaware.Thefirststepofresponsibilitystartswithbeingawareofyouractions.Consciouslyorunconsciously,youractionsareaffectingthosearoundyou.____37____Beresponsibleandbemindfulofeverywordyousayandeveryactyoumit.____38____Seizethepresentmoment,anddoallyoucantodaytobeeamoreresponsibleperson.Yourresponsibleactstodaywillleadtoaresponsiblefuture.Beingresponsibleinvolveshumility(谦逊).Responsibilitymeansacceptingtheconsequencesofyouractions,evenifitistheexpenseofyourego(自我).Weallmakemistakes.____39____Byacceptingresponsibility,wecanimproveourintegrity.Nothingsaysmoreofourintegritythanthewaywehandleresponsibility.Acceptresponsibility,learnfromyourmistakes,andmoveonwithyourlife.____40____Don’teverfeelitistoolatetoacceptresponsibilityforwrongactionsinthepast.Dowhatisright,andgiveyoursoulthepeaceitdeserves.A.Sowhatcanyoudotobemoreresponsible?B.Thematterisoutsideourareaofresponsibility.C.Doitwithasenseofprideandaspiritofadventure.D.Don’tignorewhatyoudotoothersorhowyouhurtthem.E.Takingresponsibilitymeansattendingtotheneedsofthepresent.F.Itisanaturalpartoflife,especiallywhenweactwithoutpayingmuchattention.G.Thatisthehealthiestandmostbeneficialwaytoacceptourmistakesandfailures.【答案】36.A37.D38.E39.F40.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章论述了责任的意义和重要性以及如何变得更负责任。【36题详解】根据上文“Whatdoesitmeantotakeresponsibility?Whatdoesbeingaresponsiblepersonmean?Responsibilityisavirtuethateveryoneshouldhave.Butitseemsthatnowadaysmostpeoplearewillingtotakeconvenienceoverresponsibility.(承担责任是什么意思？做一个负责任的人意味着什么？责任是每个人都应该具备的美德。但现在似乎大多数人更愿意追求便利而不是责任)”以及后文“Afterall,yourworldisareflectionofyouandyoualone.(毕竟，你的世界是你的倒影，是你一个人的倒影)”可知，上文说明了责任的意义，且提到了大多数人更愿意追求便利而不是责任，可知本句通过设问来引出后文变得更负责的方法。故A选项“那么你能做些什么来更负责任呢？”符合语境，故选A。【37题详解】根据上文“Consciouslyorunconsciously,youractionsareaffectingthosearoundyou.(有意无意地，你的行为会影响到你周围的人)”可知，本句承接上文说明，你的行为是如何影响周围的人，以及你该怎么办。故D选项“不要忽视你对别人做了什么，或者你是如何伤害他们的”符合语境，故选D。【38题详解】根据后文“Seizethepresentmoment,anddoallyoucantodaytobeeamoreresponsibleperson.Yourresponsibleactstodaywillleadtoaresponsiblefuture.(抓住当下，尽你今天所能成为一个更负责任的人。你今天负责任的行为将导致一个负责任的未来)”可知，本段的主旨是抓住当下，尽你今天所能成为一个更负责任的人，即关注当前的需要。故E选项“承担责任意味着关注当前的需要”符合语境，故选E。【39题详解】根据上文“Weallmakemistakes.(我们都会犯错)”以及后文“Byacceptingresponsibility,wecanimproveourintegrity.Nothingsaysmoreofourintegritythanthewaywehandleresponsibility.(通过承担责任，我们可以提高我们的诚信。没有什么比